DIW Be lin / SOEP (Ed.)
Resea ch Repo
SOEP-Co e 38.1 - HGEN: Household- ela ed s a us and
gene a ed a iables
SOEP Su ey Pape s, No. 1309
P o ided in Coope a ion wi h:
Ge man Ins i u e o Economic Resea ch (DIW Be lin)
Sugges ed Ci a ion: DIW Be lin / SOEP (Ed.) (2024) : SOEP-Co e 38.1 - HGEN: Household-
ela ed s a us and gene a ed a iables, SOEP Su ey Pape s, No. 1309, Deu sches Ins i u ü
Wi scha s o schung (DIW), Be lin
This Ve sion is a ailable a :
h ps://hdl.handle.ne /10419/290651
S anda d-Nu zungsbedingungen:
Die Dokumen e au EconS o dü en zu eigenen wissenscha lichen
Zwecken und zum P i a geb auch gespeiche und kopie we den.
Sie dü en die Dokumen e nich ü ö en liche ode komme zielle
Zwecke e iel äl igen, ö en lich auss ellen, ö en lich zugänglich
machen, e eiben ode ande wei ig nu zen.
So e n die Ve asse die Dokumen e un e Open-Con en -Lizenzen
(insbesonde e CC-Lizenzen) zu Ve ügung ges ell haben soll en,
gel en abweichend on diesen Nu zungsbedingungen die in de do
genann en Lizenz gewäh en Nu zungs ech e.
Te ms o use:
Documen s in EconS o may be sa ed and copied o you pe sonal
and schola ly pu poses.
You a e no o copy documen s o public o comme cial pu poses, o
exhibi he documen s publicly, o make hem publicly a ailable on he
in e ne , o o dis ibu e o o he wise use he documen s in public.
I he documen s ha e been made a ailable unde an Open Con en
Licence (especially C ea i e Commons Licences), you may exe cise
u he usage igh s as speci ied in he indica ed licence.
h ps://c ea i ecommons.o g/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
1309
2024
Se ies D – Va iable Desc ip ions and Coding
SOEP-Co e 38.1 – HGEN: Household-
Rela ed S a us and Gene a ed
Va iables
SOEP G oup
Running since 1984, he Ge man Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP) is a wide- anging ep esen a i e lon-
gi udinal s udy o p i a e households, loca ed a he Ge man Ins i u e o Economic Resea ch,
DIW Be lin.
The aim o he SOEP Su ey Pape s Se ies is o ho oughly documen he su ey’s da a collec ion and
da a p ocessing. The SOEP Su ey Pape s is comp ised o he ollowing se ies:
Se ies A – Su ey Ins umen s (E hebungsins umen e)
Se ies B – Su ey Repo s (Me hodenbe ich e)
Se ies C – Da a Documen a ion (Da endokumen a ionen)
Se ies D – Va iable Desc ip ions and Coding
Se ies E – SOEPmoni o s
Se ies F – SOEP Newsle e s
Se ies G – Gene al Issues and Teaching Ma e ials
The SOEP Su ey Pape s a e a ailable a h p://www.diw.de/soepsu eypape s
Edi o s:
D . Ca ina Co nesse, DIW Be lin and Uni e si y o B emen
D . Jan Goebel, DIW Be lin
P o . D . Co nelia K is en, Uni e si y o Bambe g and DIW Be lin
P o . D . Philipp Le sch, DIW Be lin and Humbold -Uni e si ä zu Be lin
P o . D . Ca s en Sch öde , DIW Be lin and F eie Uni e si ä Be lin
P o . D . Jü gen Schupp, DIW Be lin and F eie Uni e si ä Be lin
P o . D . Sabine Zinn, DIW Be lin and Humbold -Uni e si ä zu Be lin
Please ci e his pape as ollows:
SOEP G oup, 2024. SOEP-Co e 38.1 – HGEN: Household-Rela ed S a us and Gene a ed Va iables.
SOEP Su ey Pape s 1309: Se ies D – Va iable Desc ip ions and Coding. Be lin: DIW Be lin/SOEP
This wo k is licensed unde a C ea i e Commons A ibu ion-Sha eAlike 4.0 In e na ional License.
© 2024 by SOEP
ISSN: 2193-5580 (online)
DIW Be lin
Ge man Socio-Economic Panel (SOEP)
Moh ens . 58
10117 Be lin
Ge many
soeppape [email protected]
The Ge man Socio Economic Panel a DIW Be lin
SOEP-Co e 38.1 – HGEN:
Household-Rela ed S a us and Gene a ed
Va iables
SOEP G oup
2024
The ile hgen is pa o a collec ion, which is eleased wi h doi:10.5684/soep.co e. 38.1o.
SOEP-Co e ( 38.1) hgen
Con en s
1 Gene al In o ma ion 4
2 Sample In o ma ion 4
hid – Cu en Wa e HH Numbe ............................. 4
cid – O iginal Houshold Numbe , Case ID ......................... 5
syea – Su ey Yea .................................... 6
3 Gene al Housing In o ma ion 6
hgacquis – Means O Acqui ing Dwelling ......................... 6
hgcns y min – Ea lies Possible Cons uc ion Yea o Dwelling .............. 7
hgcns y max – La es Possible Cons uc ion Yea o Dwelling ............... 8
hgcondi – Condi ion O House .............................. 9
hg e al – Ren O Dwelling Vs Compa able Dwellings ................... 9
hgnu s1 – NUTS-Sys ema ic-1 (Fede al S a e) ....................... 10
hgnu s1_ew – NUTS-Sys ema ic-1 (Eas -Wes Ve sion) ................... 11
4 Equipmen o he Dwelling 11
hg oom – Numbe O Rooms La ge Than 6 Sq M ..................... 11
hgeqpbas – Dwelling Has Basemen ........................... 12
hgeqp hea – Equipmen : Floo Hea ing .......................... 13
hgeqp i e – Dwelling Has Fi eplace o Ce amic Tiled S o e ................ 13
hgeqpga – Dwelling Has Ga den ............................. 13
hgeqphea – Dwelling Has Cen al,Floo Hea ....................... 14
hgeqpinsul – Equipmen : The mal Insula ion ....................... 14
hgeqpiwc – Dwelling Has Indoo Toile .......................... 15
hgeqpki – Dwelling Has Ki chen ............................. 15
hgeqpli – Dwelling Has An Ele a o ........................... 16
hgeqpmglass – Equipmen : a Leas Double Glazing ................... 16
hgeqpnoba – Equipmen : Ba ie F ee Fu nishing ..................... 17
hgeqpn j – Dwelling Has Al e na i e Ene gy Sou ce ................... 17
hgeqppa k – Equipmen : Ga age/ Pa king Space ..................... 17
hgeqpshw – Dwelling Has Indoo Ba h,Showe ...................... 18
hgeqpsol – Dwelling Has Sola Sys em .......................... 18
hgeqp el – Dwelling Has Tele one ............................ 19
hgeqp e – Dwelling Has Balcony,Te ace ......................... 19
hgeqpwa – Dwelling Has Wa e , Biole .......................... 20
hgeqpai – Dwelling Has Ai Condi ione ......................... 20
hgeqpalm – Dwelling Has Ala m Sys em ......................... 20
5 Cos s o Li ing, Size, and Rooms (Impu ed Va iables) 21
hg en – Amoun O Ren Minus Hea ing Cos s ...................... 21
hg en in o – Pays Ren and/o U ili ies .......................... 23
hgno en – Does No Pay Ren .............................. 24
hgelec – Cos s o Elec ici y (gen) ............................ 24
hgelec in o – Reason o Missing Elec ic y Cos s ..................... 25
hggas – Cos s o Gas (EUR) ................................ 26
hggasin o – Reason o Missing Gas Cos s ........................ 26
hghea – Cos s O Wa m Wa e , Gen ........................... 27
hghea in o – Reason o Missing Hea ing Cos s ...................... 28
SOEP Su ey Pape s 1309 2
SOEP-Co e ( 38.1) hgen
hgmo ey – Yea Mo ed In o Dwelling .......................... 28
hgu il – O he Mon hly U ili y Cos s ........................... 29
hgu ilin o – Reason o Missing Addi ional U ili y Cos s .................. 30
hgse al – Adequacy O Li ing Space In Housing Uni ................... 30
hgsize – Size O Housing Uni In Sq M .......................... 31
hg 2 en – De ailed Impu a ion Flag, Ren Minus Hea ing Cos s ............. 32
hg elec – Impu a ion Flag, Cos s o Elec ici y ...................... 32
hg hea – Impu a ion Flag, Cos s O Hea ing And Wa m Wa e .............. 33
hg en – Impu a ion Flag, Amoun O Ren Minus Hea ing Cos s ............. 33
hg oom – Impu a ion Flag, Numbe O Rooms Lage Than 6 Sq M ............ 34
hg size – Impu a ion Flag, Size O Housing ........................ 34
hg u il – Impu a ion Flag, O he Mon hly U ili y Cos s .................. 34
6 Subsidiza ion o Housing Cos s 35
hgosubs – Amoun O Subsidies Las Yea ......................... 35
hg educ – Dwelling A A Reduced P ize .......................... 35
hg subs – Go e nmen Subsidized Housing ........................ 36
hgsubsid – Go e nmen Subsidizes Housing Paymen s .................. 36
7 Typology o Household 37
hgowne – Tenan O Owne O Dwelling ......................... 37
hg yp1hh – Household Typology, One Digi ........................ 37
hg yp2hh – Household Typology, Two Digi ........................ 38
8 Household Income 39
hghinc – Mon hly Household Ne Income (EUR) ..................... 39
hgi1hinc – 1. Impu ed Mon hly Ne Household Income (EUR) [1/5] ........... 40
hgi2hinc – 2. Impu ed Mon hly Ne Household Income (EUR) [2/5] ........... 42
hgi3hinc – 3. Impu ed Mon hly Ne Household Income (EUR) [3/5] ........... 43
hgi4hinc – 4. Impu ed Mon hly Ne Household Income (EUR) [4/5] ........... 43
hgi5hinc – 5. Impu ed Mon hly Ne Household Income (EUR) [5/5] ........... 44
hg hinc – Impu a ion Flag, Mon hly Ne Household Income ............... 45
9 Time and Me hod o In e iew 45
iyea – Household Rela ed Su ey Yea .......................... 45
hghmon h – Mon h O In e iew ............................. 45
hghmode – In e iew Me hod ............................... 46
inpu da ase – Sou ce da ase .............................. 47
SOEP Su ey Pape s 1309 3
SOEP-Co e ( 38.1) hgen
1 Gene al In o ma ion
The HGEN ile p o ides a se o ime-consis en a iables gene a ed om he SOEP house-
hold ques ionnai e. I only includes households who pa icipa ed in he espec i e yea .
Up o Wa e G, “old” households al eady known o he SOEP we e su eyed a he old add ess
wi h a “g een” ques ionnai e; old households ha had mo ed and new households ecei ed
a “blue” ques ionnai e. While a numbe o ques ions in he blue ques ionnai e su eyed in-
o ma ion o he i s ime (e.g. li ing space in squa e me e s), his in o ma ion was only
asked o again in he g een ques ionnai e in case o changes. O he wise, he in o ma ion
collec ed in he p e ious wa e was s ill alid. The a iables desc ibed in he ollowing a e in
pa s a us a iables in his sense: In o ma ion collec ed once is ca ied o wa d o subse-
quen wa es i no add ess change has aken place since he p e ious wa e. This is he case
o : HGCNSTYRMIN, HGCNSTYRMAX, HGCONDIT ( o Wa e B o G), HGSIZE, HG-
ROOM, HGEQPKIT, HGEQPSHW, HGEQPIWC, HGEQPHEA, HGEQPTER, HGEQP-
BAS, HGEQPGAR, HGEQPWAT, HGEQPALM, HGEQPSOL, HGEQPAIR, HGMOVEYR,
HGACQUIS, HGSUBSID, HGRSUBS, HGREDUC and HGSEVAL ( o Wa e C o G). Fu -
he mo e, iden ical in o ma ion is eco ded in he g een and blue ques ionnai e in sepa-
a e a iables (e.g. housing enu e as owne o enan ). The co esponding s a us a iables
a e he e o e jus a compila ion o hese mo e dispe sed pieces o in o ma ion. Since only
one common ques ionnai e has been used since Wa e H a he han he o me “blue” and
“g een” e sions, he necessi y o he a o emen ioned s a us a iables disappea s. Howe e ,
his use - iendly edundance is main ained o easons o consis ency.
In addi ion, we impu e missing alues o he a iables HGROOM, HGSIZE, HGRENT,
HGHEAT, HGUTIL and HGHINC o ensu e he comple eness o he da ase and acili a e
i s usage. De ails o he impu a ion p ocess can be ound in he desc ip ion o he espec i e
a iable.
Since Wa e BG, new mig a ion samples (M3, M4, M5, and la e M6) ha e been added. These
samples p o ide less household in o ma ion in some wa es which explains he high inci-
dence o missing alues (=-5). In some wa es, missing alues in he HGEN a iables o he
samples M3-M6 a e no impu ed.
2 Sample In o ma ion
hid – Cu en Wa e HH Numbe
19 6
27 25
35 10
43 3
51 9
60 29
78 3
86 2
94 38
108 4
116 15
124 23
132 14
140 7
159 36
SOEP Su ey Pape s 1309 4
SOEP-Co e ( 38.1) hgen
... (57820 ows omi ed) 428131
5557590 1
5557610 1
5557620 1
5557630 1
5557700 1
5557720 1
5557730 1
5557810 1
5557830 1
5557840 1
5557850 1
5557890 1
5557900 1
5557910 1
5557930 1
cid – O iginal Houshold Numbe , Case ID
19 9
27 50
35 10
43 3
51 9
60 92
78 3
86 2
94 38
108 4
116 15
124 23
132 16
140 7
159 36
... (47689 ows omi ed) 428035
5538388 1
5538418 2
5538523 1
5538566 1
5538590 2
5538744 1
5538779 1
5539180 1
5539198 1
5539414 1
5539546 1
5539600 2
5539660 1
5540200 1
5540404 1
SOEP Su ey Pape s 1309 5
SOEP-Co e ( 38.1) hgen
syea – Su ey Yea
1984 5921
1985 5322
1986 5090
1987 5026
1988 4814
1989 4690
1990 6819
1991 6699
1992 6665
1993 6637
1994 6795
1995 6968
1996 6894
1997 6810
1998 7668
... (8 ows omi ed) 93072
2007 11689
2008 11058
2009 11889
2010 15414
2011 16819
2012 16508
2013 18093
2014 16037
2015 15991
2016 17775
2017 19701
2018 18682
2019 19030
2020 20183
2021 13611
3 Gene al Housing In o ma ion
hgacquis – Means O Acqui ing Dwelling
1Bough F om Owne 37555
2Inhe i ance, Gi 24048
3Bough , Buil New 40747
4Go Back F om Public P ope y 6
-1 No answe 68503
-2 Does no apply 223636
-3 No alid 0
-4 Fo bidden Mul iple Response 0
-5 No Included In Ques ionnai e Ve sion 33875
-6 Ques ionnai e Ve sion Wi h Modi ied Fil e 0
-7 Only a ailable in less es ic ed edi ion 0
SOEP Su ey Pape s 1309 6
SOEP-Co e ( 38.1) hgen
hgeqp hea – Equipmen : Floo Hea ing
1Yes 40135
2No 169803
-1 No answe 9795
-2 Does no apply 0
-3 No alid 0
-4 Fo bidden Mul iple Response 0
-5 No Included In Ques ionnai e Ve sion 0
-6 Ques ionnai e Ve sion Wi h Modi ied Fil e 0
-7 Only a ailable in less es ic ed edi ion 0
-8 Ques ion no pa o he su ey p og am his yea 208637
Wa es: Since 2009
The a iable indica es whe he a household has a loo hea ing ( ull o pa ial). I was in od-
cued in Wa e Z (2009). In Wa e BJ (2019), HGEQPFHEA was only collec ed om samples
M3, M4, and M5, bu in o ma ion is ca ied o wa d o o he samples i households ha e
no mo ed.
Fo mo e in o ma ion, con ac : Ca s en Sch öde , <csch oede @diw.de>
hgeqp i e – Dwelling Has Fi eplace o Ce amic Tiled S o e
1Yes 6498
2No 20068
-1 No Answe 224
-2 Does no apply 0
-3 Answe imp obable 0
-4 Inadmissible mul iple esponse 0
-5 No included in his e sion o he ques ionnai e 7004
-6 Ve sion o ques ionnai e wi h modi ied il e ing 0
-7 Only a ailable in less es ic ed edi ion 0
-8 Ques ion no pa o he su ey p og am his yea 394576
Wa es: Since 2020
The a iable indica es whe he a household has a i eplace o ce amic iled s o e. I was
in oduced in Wa e BK (2020).
hgeqpga – Dwelling Has Ga den
1Yes 240473
2No 173724
-1 No answe 14173
-2 Does no apply 0
-3 No alid 0
-4 Fo bidden Mul iple Response 0
-5 No Included In Ques ionnai e Ve sion 0
-6 Ques ionnai e Ve sion Wi h Modi ied Fil e 0
-7 Only a ailable in less es ic ed edi ion 0
-8 Ques ion no pa o he su ey p og am his yea 0
SOEP Su ey Pape s 1309 13
SOEP-Co e ( 38.1) hgen
Wa es: all
The a iable indica es whe he a household has (access o) a ya d o ga den. I was in oduced
in Wa e A (1984). Be o e Wa e V, HGEQPGAR was collec ed only om new households
and households who ha e mo ed since he p e ious in e iew. Fo his eason, in case no
add ess change has aken place, he in o ma ion o HGEQPGAR is ca ied o wa d om he
p e ious yea s. Excep ions a e Wa es H and O, when all households we e su eyed. In Wa e
BJ (2019), HGEQPGAR was only collec ed om samples M3, M4, and M5, bu in o ma ion
is ca ied o wa d o o he samples i households ha e no mo ed.
Fo mo e in o ma ion, con ac : Ca s en Sch öde , <csch oede @diw.de>
hgeqphea – Dwelling Has Cen al,Floo Hea
1Yes 286359
2No 26483
-1 No answe 6922
-2 Does no apply 0
-3 No alid 0
-4 Fo bidden Mul iple Response 0
-5 No Included In Ques ionnai e Ve sion 79004
-6 Ques ionnai e Ve sion Wi h Modi ied Fil e 0
-7 Only a ailable in less es ic ed edi ion 0
-8 Ques ion no pa o he su ey p og am his yea 29602
Wa es: 1984-2014
The a iable indica es whe he a household has a cen al hea ing. I was in oduced in wa e
A (1984). Only in Wa e H, Wa e O, and om Wa e V onwa ds, HGEQPHEA is asked om
e e y household. In p e ious yea s, he a iable was only collec ed om new households
and households who had mo ed since he p e ious in e iew. Fo his eason, in case no
add ess change has aken place, he in o ma ion o HGEQPHEA is ca ied o wa d om
he p e ious yea s. Addi ionally, om Wa e G onwa ds he in o ma ion is upda ed i he
household has s a ed ha i mode nized i s hea ing since Janua y o he p e ious yea . In
Wa e BF (2015), HGEQPHEA was no collec ed. Since wa e BG (2016), HGEQPHEA is only
collec ed om samples M3, M4, and M5.
Fo mo e in o ma ion, con ac : Ca s en Sch öde , <csch oede @diw.de>
hgeqpinsul – Equipmen : The mal Insula ion
1Yes 62812
2No 37833
-1 No answe 9771
-2 Does no apply 0
-3 No alid 0
-4 Fo bidden Mul iple Response 0
-5 No Included In Ques ionnai e Ve sion 14557
-6 Ques ionnai e Ve sion Wi h Modi ied Fil e 0
-7 Only a ailable in less es ic ed edi ion 0
-8 Ques ion no pa o he su ey p og am his yea 303397
Wa es: Since 2015
SOEP Su ey Pape s 1309 14
SOEP-Co e ( 38.1) hgen
The a iable indica es whe he a household has he mal insula ion (e.g., on he acade, oo ,
basemen ceiling). I was in oduced in Wa e BF (2015). In Wa e BJ (2019), HGEQINSUL
was no collec ed, bu in o ma ion is ca ied o wa d om p e ious yea s i households ha e
no mo ed.
Fo mo e in o ma ion, con ac : Ca s en Sch öde , <csch oede @diw.de>
hgeqpiwc – Dwelling Has Indoo Toile
1Yes 202210
2No 4371
-1 No answe 2056
-2 Does no apply 0
-3 No alid 0
-4 Fo bidden Mul iple Response 0
-5 No Included In Ques ionnai e Ve sion 0
-6 Ques ionnai e Ve sion Wi h Modi ied Fil e 0
-7 Only a ailable in less es ic ed edi ion 0
-8 Ques ion no pa o he su ey p og am his yea 219733
Wa es: 1984-2008
The a iable indica es whe he a household has a oile in he la . I was in oduced in Wa e
A (1984). Only in Wa e H, Wa e O, and om Wa e V o Wa e Y, HGEQPIWC is asked om
e e y household. In p e ious yea s, he a iable was only collec ed om new households and
households who had mo ed since he p e ious in e iew. Fo his eason, in case no add ess
change has aken place, he in o ma ion o HGEQPIWC is ca ied o wa d om he p e-
ious yea s. Addi ionally, om Wa e B onwa ds, he in o ma ion is upda ed i he household
has s a ed ha i mode nized i s ba h oom since Janua y o he p e ious yea . In a second
s ep, he in o ma ion o he a iable HGEQPSHW is used o eplace missing and incon-
sis en alues o HGEQPIWC. Fo e e y household wi h HGEQPSHW=1, HGEQPIWC is
se o 1. Since Wa e Z, HGEQPWC is no asked. Since Wa e BA, he in o ma ion is nei he
ca ied backwa d no o wa d.
Fo mo e in o ma ion, con ac : Ca s en Sch öde , <csch oede @diw.de>
hgeqpki – Dwelling Has Ki chen
1Yes 282602
2No 3187
-1 No answe 1571
-2 Does no apply 0
-3 No alid 0
-4 Fo bidden Mul iple Response 0
-5 No Included In Ques ionnai e Ve sion 0
-6 Ques ionnai e Ve sion Wi h Modi ied Fil e 0
-7 Only a ailable in less es ic ed edi ion 0
-8 Ques ion no pa o he su ey p og am his yea 141010
Wa es: 1984-2013
The a iable indica es whe he a household has a ki chen. I was in oduced in Wa e A (1984).
Only in Wa e H, Wa e O, and om Wa e V onwa ds, HGEQPKIT is asked om e e y house-
hold. In p e ious yea s, he a iable was only collec ed om new households and households
SOEP Su ey Pape s 1309 15
SOEP-Co e ( 38.1) hgen
who had mo ed since he p e ious in e iew. Fo his eason, in case no add ess change has
aken place, he in o ma ion o HGEQPKIT is ca ied o wa d om p e ious yea s. Ad-
di ionally, om Wa e B on, he in o ma ion is upda ed i he household has s a ed ha i
mode nized i s ki chen since Janua y o he p e ious yea . Since Wa e BE, HGEQPKIT is
nei he asked no ca ied o wa d.
Fo mo e in o ma ion, con ac : Ca s en Sch öde , <csch oede @diw.de>
hgeqpli – Dwelling Has An Ele a o
1Yes 20215
2No 189844
-1 No answe 9674
-2 Does no apply 0
-3 No alid 0
-4 Fo bidden Mul iple Response 0
-5 No Included In Ques ionnai e Ve sion 0
-6 Ques ionnai e Ve sion Wi h Modi ied Fil e 0
-7 Only a ailable in less es ic ed edi ion 0
-8 Ques ion no pa o he su ey p og am his yea 208637
Wa es: Since 2009
The a iable indica es whe he a household has an ele a o o li inside he building. I was
in oduced in Wa e Z (2009). In Wa e BJ (2019), HGEQPLIF was only collec ed om samples
M3, M4, and M5, bu in o ma ion is ca ied o wa d o o he samples i households ha e
no mo ed.
Fo mo e in o ma ion, con ac : Ca s en Sch öde , <csch oede @diw.de>
hgeqpmglass – Equipmen : a Leas Double Glazing
1Yes 94641
2No 7104
-1 No answe 8671
-2 Does no apply 0
-3 No alid 0
-4 Fo bidden Mul iple Response 0
-5 No Included In Ques ionnai e Ve sion 14557
-6 Ques ionnai e Ve sion Wi h Modi ied Fil e 0
-7 Only a ailable in less es ic ed edi ion 0
-8 Ques ion no pa o he su ey p og am his yea 303397
Wa es: Since 2015
The a iable indica es whe he a household has windows wi h a leas double glazing. I was
in oduced in Wa e BF (2015). In Wa e BJ (2019), HGEQPMGLASS was no collec ed, bu
in o ma ion is ca ied o wa d om p e ious yea s i households ha e no mo ed.
Fo mo e in o ma ion, con ac : Ca s en Sch öde , <csch oede @diw.de>
SOEP Su ey Pape s 1309 16
SOEP-Co e ( 38.1) hgen
hgeqpnoba – Equipmen : Ba ie F ee Fu nishing
1Yes 21782
2No 127805
-1 No answe 9516
-2 Does no apply 0
-3 No alid 0
-4 Fo bidden Mul iple Response 0
-5 No Included In Ques ionnai e Ve sion 0
-6 Ques ionnai e Ve sion Wi h Modi ied Fil e 0
-7 Only a ailable in less es ic ed edi ion 0
-8 Ques ion no pa o he su ey p og am his yea 269267
Wa es: Since 2013
The a iable indica es whe he a household has home u nishings ha a e accessible o he
elde ly o disabled. I was in oduced in Wa e BD (2013). In Wa e BJ (2019), HGEQPNOBAR
was only collec ed om samples M3, M4, and M5, bu in o ma ion is ca ied o wa d o
o he samples i households ha e no mo ed.
Fo mo e in o ma ion, con ac : Ca s en Sch öde , <csch oede @diw.de>
hgeqpn j – Dwelling Has Al e na i e Ene gy Sou ce
1Yes 7083
2No 188832
-1 No answe 9261
-2 Does no apply 0
-3 No alid 0
-4 Fo bidden Mul iple Response 0
-5 No Included In Ques ionnai e Ve sion 14557
-6 Ques ionnai e Ve sion Wi h Modi ied Fil e 0
-7 Only a ailable in less es ic ed edi ion 0
-8 Ques ion no pa o he su ey p og am his yea 208637
Wa es: Since 2009
The a iable indica es whe he a household has o he al e na i e ene gy sou ces besides sola
collec o s o a sola ene gy sys em (e.g., geo he mal hea pump). I was in oduced in Wa e Z
(2009). In Wa e BJ (2019), HGEQPNRJ was no collec ed, bu in o ma ion is ca ied o wa d
om p e ious yea s i households ha e no mo ed.
Fo mo e in o ma ion, con ac : Ca s en Sch öde , <csch oede @diw.de>
hgeqppa k – Equipmen : Ga age/ Pa king Space
1Yes 74869
2No 40861
-1 No answe 9243
-2 Does no apply 0
-3 No alid 0
-4 Fo bidden Mul iple Response 0
-5 No Included In Ques ionnai e Ve sion 0
SOEP Su ey Pape s 1309 17
SOEP-Co e ( 38.1) hgen
-6 Ques ionnai e Ve sion Wi h Modi ied Fil e 0
-7 Only a ailable in less es ic ed edi ion 0
-8 Ques ion no pa o he su ey p og am his yea 303397
Wa es: Since 2015
The a iable indica es whe he a household has a ga age o pa king space. I was in oduced
in Wa e BF (2015). In Wa e BJ (2019), HGEQPPARK was only collec ed om samples M3,
M4, and M5, bu in o ma ion is ca ied o wa d o o he samples i households ha e no
mo ed.
Fo mo e in o ma ion, con ac : Ca s en Sch öde , <csch oede @diw.de>
hgeqpshw – Dwelling Has Indoo Ba h,Showe
1Yes 280620
2No 4860
-1 No answe 1880
-2 Does no apply 0
-3 No alid 0
-4 Fo bidden Mul iple Response 0
-5 No Included In Ques ionnai e Ve sion 0
-6 Ques ionnai e Ve sion Wi h Modi ied Fil e 0
-7 Only a ailable in less es ic ed edi ion 0
-8 Ques ion no pa o he su ey p og am his yea 141010
Wa es: 1984-2013
The a iable indica es whe he a household has a ba h o showe in he la . I was in oduced
in Wa e A (1984). Only in Wa e H, Wa e O, and om Wa e V onwa ds, HGEQPSHW is
asked om e e y household. In p e ious yea s, he a iable was only collec ed om new
households and households who had mo ed since he p e ious in e iew. Fo his eason, in
case no add ess change has aken place, he in o ma ion o HGEQPSHW is ca ied o wa d
om he p e ious yea s. Addi ionally, om Wa e B onwa ds, he in o ma ion is upda ed i
he household has s a ed ha i mode nized i s ba h oom since Janua y o he p e ious yea .
Since Wa e BE, HGEQPSHW is no asked anymo e. Since Wa e BF, he in o ma ion is no
ca ied o wa d.
Fo mo e in o ma ion, con ac : Ca s en Sch öde , <csch oede @diw.de>
hgeqpsol – Dwelling Has Sola Sys em
1Yes 20235
2No 198338
-1 No answe 9350
-2 Does no apply 0
-3 No alid 0
-4 Fo bidden Mul iple Response 0
-5 No Included In Ques ionnai e Ve sion 14557
-6 Ques ionnai e Ve sion Wi h Modi ied Fil e 0
-7 Only a ailable in less es ic ed edi ion 0
-8 Ques ion no pa o he su ey p og am his yea 185890
Wa es: Since 2007
SOEP Su ey Pape s 1309 18
SOEP-Co e ( 38.1) hgen
The a iable indica es whe he a household has a sola collec o o sola ene gy sys em. I
was in oduced in Wa e X (2007). In Wa e BJ (2019), HGEQPSOL was no collec ed, bu
in o ma ion is ca ied o wa d om p e ious yea s i households ha e no mo ed.
Fo mo e in o ma ion, con ac : Ca s en Sch öde , <csch oede @diw.de>
hgeqp el – Dwelling Has Tele one
1Yes 265719
2No 6768
-1 No answe 4603
-2 Does no apply 4640
-3 No alid 0
-4 Fo bidden Mul iple Response 0
-5 No Included In Ques ionnai e Ve sion 7083
-6 Ques ionnai e Ve sion Wi h Modi ied Fil e 0
-7 Only a ailable in less es ic ed edi ion 0
-8 Ques ion no pa o he su ey p og am his yea 139557
Wa es: Since 1990 (eas ) o 1991 (wes ) o 2008, 2010–2015
The a iable indica es whe he a household has a elephone. I was in oduced in Wa e G
(1990. The ques ion has a ied o e he yea s. In some yea s, households we e asked e y ge-
ne ally i hey had a “ elephone“. In o he yea s hey we e asked mo e speci ically o a “land-
line elephone“ and a “cellphone“. HGEQPTEL is se o 1 i a household s a ed ha i had
a elephone, landline elephone, o cellphone. Addi ionally, he in o ma ion om HBRUT-
TO (HTEL) is used o comple e missing in o ma ion. In Wa e N, Wa e P, and Wa e Z, he
household ques ionnai e did no ask abou he possession o a elephone and HBRUTTO is
he only sou ce o da a. Fo Wa e K, no in o ma ion is a ailable.
Since Wa e BG, HGEQPTEL is no longe asked in he household ques ionnai e (excep o
he samples M3 and M4 as HGEQPTEL was asked in he mig a ion household ques ionai e).
Fo his eason, i is no longe p o ided since Wa e BG o any o he samples han M3 and
M4.
Fo mo e in o ma ion, con ac : Ca s en Sch öde , <csch oede @diw.de>
hgeqp e – Dwelling Has Balcony,Te ace
1Yes 311344
2No 102946
-1 No answe 14080
-2 Does no apply 0
-3 No alid 0
-4 Fo bidden Mul iple Response 0
-5 No Included In Ques ionnai e Ve sion 0
-6 Ques ionnai e Ve sion Wi h Modi ied Fil e 0
-7 Only a ailable in less es ic ed edi ion 0
-8 Ques ion no pa o he su ey p og am his yea 0
Wa es: all
The a iable indica es whe he a household has a balcony, e ace, o po ch. I was in odu-
ced in Wa e A (1984), Be o e Wa e V, HGEQPTER was collec ed only om new households
and households who ha e mo ed since he p e ious in e iew. Fo his eason, in case no
SOEP Su ey Pape s 1309 19
SOEP-Co e ( 38.1) hgen
add ess change has aken place, he in o ma ion o HGEQPTER is ca ied o wa d om he
p e ious yea s. Excep ions a e Wa es H and O, when all households we e su eyed. In Wa e
BJ (2019), HGEQPTER was only collec ed om samples M3, M4, and M5, bu in o ma ion
is ca ied o wa d o o he samples i households ha e no mo ed.
Fo mo e in o ma ion, con ac : Ca s en Sch öde , <csch oede @diw.de>
hgeqpwa – Dwelling Has Wa e , Biole
1Yes 246907
2No 3103
-1 No answe 1847
-2 Does no apply 4640
-3 No alid 0
-4 Fo bidden Mul iple Response 0
-5 No Included In Ques ionnai e Ve sion 0
-6 Ques ionnai e Ve sion Wi h Modi ied Fil e 0
-7 Only a ailable in less es ic ed edi ion 0
-8 Ques ion no pa o he su ey p og am his yea 171873
Wa es: Since 1990 (eas ) o 1991 (wes ) o 2013
The a iable indica es whe he a household has wa m wa e o a boile . I was in oduced
in Wa e G (1990). Excep o Wa e H, Wa e O, and om Wa e V onwa ds, HGEQPWAT has
been collec ed only om new households and households who ha e mo ed since he p e-
ious in e iew. Fo his eason, in case no add ess change has aken place, he in o ma ion
o HGEQPWAT is ca ied o wa d om he p e ious yea s. Since Wa e BE, HGEQPWAT
is no asked and since Wa e BF, he in o ma ion is nei he ca ied backwa d no o wa d.
Fo mo e in o ma ion, con ac : Ca s en Sch öde , <csch oede @diw.de>
hgeqpai – Dwelling Has Ai Condi ione
1Yes 4690
2No 213822
-1 No answe 9411
-2 Does no apply 0
-3 No alid 0
-4 Fo bidden Mul iple Response 0
-5 No Included In Ques ionnai e Ve sion 14557
-6 Ques ionnai e Ve sion Wi h Modi ied Fil e 0
-7 Only a ailable in less es ic ed edi ion 0
-8 Ques ion no pa o he su ey p og am his yea 185890
Wa es: Since 2007
The a iable indica es whe he a household has an ai condi ione (con olled en ila ion sys-
em). I was in oduced in Wa e X (2007). In Wa e BJ (2019), HGEQPAIR was no collec ed,
bu in o ma ion is ca ied o wa d om p e ious yea s i households ha e no mo ed.
Fo mo e in o ma ion, con ac : Ca s en Sch öde , <csch oede @diw.de>
hgeqpalm – Dwelling Has Ala m Sys em
SOEP Su ey Pape s 1309 20
SOEP-Co e ( 38.1) hgen
1Yes 15911
2No 241418
-1 No answe 20886
-2 Does no apply 0
-3 No alid 0
-4 Fo bidden Mul iple Response 0
-5 No Included In Ques ionnai e Ve sion 0
-6 Ques ionnai e Ve sion Wi h Modi ied Fil e 0
-7 Only a ailable in less es ic ed edi ion 0
-8 Ques ion no pa o he su ey p og am his yea 150155
Wa es: Since 2004
The a iable indica es whe he a household has an ala m sys em. I was in oduced in Wa e
U (2004). In Wa e BJ (2019), HGEQPALM was only collec ed om samples M3, M4, and M5,
bu in o ma ion is ca ied o wa d o o he samples i households ha e no mo ed.
Fo mo e in o ma ion, con ac : Ca s en Sch öde , <csch oede @diw.de>
5 Cos s o Li ing, Size, and Rooms (Impu ed Va iables)
hg en – Amoun O Ren Minus Hea ing Cos s
0 33
1 6
2 4
3 7
4 5
5 21
6 15
7 12
8 18
9 27
10 61
11 32
12 62
13 68
14 61
... (1889 ows omi ed) 224938
5040 1
5148 1
5700 1
5915 1
6000 2
6700 2
7318 1
-1 No answe 310
-2 Does no apply 189863
-3 No alid 0
-4 Fo bidden Mul iple Response 0
-5 No Included In Ques ionnai e Ve sion 12818
-6 Ques ionnai e Ve sion Wi h Modi ied Fil e 0
SOEP Su ey Pape s 1309 21
SOEP-Co e ( 38.1) hgen
-7 Only a ailable in less es ic ed edi ion 0
-8 Ques ion no pa o he su ey p og am his yea 0
Wa es: all
HGRENT is a measu e o g oss en , i.e. i equal o he base en plus u ili y cos s (HGUTIL)
bu does no include hea ing (HGHEAT), elec ici y cos s (HGELECTR) and addi ional gas
cos s (HGGAS). HGRENT is con e ed in o Eu o alues o all wa es including hose p io
o Wa e S.
The ques ions o HGRENT and u ili y cos s ha e changed conside ably since he i s SOEP
ques ionnai e in Wa e A. F om Wa es A o Wa e G, he amoun o en s a ed by he house-
holds in SOEP is in p inciple he desi ed concep o g oss en , i.e. basic en excluding hea-
ing and elec ici y cos s bu including u ili y cos s. Howe e , in hese wa es he in o ma ion
on u ili y cos s was no collec ed.
F om Wa e H onwa ds, households simply s a e he amoun o en hey pay. Following his
ques ion, i is asked whe he hea ing and u ili y cos s a e included in ha amoun o en
and wha he exac cos s o hea ing and u ili ies e en ually a e (in he la e case only i hey
a e included).
In Wa e BE and Wa e BF, he ques ionnai e design was di e en o all o he wa es. In a
i s s ep, households we e asked o hei o e all mon hly housing cos s (sum o base en ,
hea ing cos s, addi ional u ili y cos s, elec ici y and gas). In a second s ep, hey s a ed he
espec i e expenses. In o de o ob ain RENT$$, hea ing, gas, and elec ici y cos s ha e o
be deduc ed om hese o e all mon hly housing cos s. In Wa e BE, some households s a e
mon hly housing cos s ha p esumably do no include all possible expenses. They migh do
so because hey do no know all hei expenses o because hey misunde s ood he ques ion.
We a ibu e he d op o en om Wa e BD o Wa e BE and Wa e BF o he di e en ques-
ionnai e design and do no longe adjus he alues as we did in da a elease 31. The e o e,
he a e age en o Wa e BE (da a elease 31) is abou 10 Eu os lowe in da a elease 32 and
33 han i was in 31. Bo h, in Wa e BE and Wa e BF, implausible alues o en (e.g. i u i-
li y cos s a e abo e o al li ing cos s) ha e been se o missing o be impu ed in he ollowing
s ep.
The ques ionnai e design in Wa e BG was se back o he o ma o Wa e BD.
Missing alues o HGRENT a e ea ed as ollows: In a i s s ep, pas alues o he wo las
yea s a e ca ied o wa d and adjus ed o in la ion gi en ha he household s ill li es a he
same add ess and he dwelling’s size has emained he same. The ype o en (hea ing/u ili y
cos s included o no ) is hen also ca ied o wa d. In a second s ep, i HGRENT is s ill
missing, alues o he wo subsequen yea s a e ca ied backwa ds in he same manne .
In a hi d s ep, he emaining missing alues o HGRENT a e impu ed by S a a’s chained
impu a ion p ocedu e. Impu ed alues a e no ca ied o wa d.
Gene al In o ma ion on he Impu a ion P ocedu e Since da a elease 31, missing alues o
HGROOM, HGSIZE, HGRENT, HGHEAT, HGUTIL, and HGELECTR a e impu ed wi h
S a a’s chained impu a ion p ocedu e (mi impu e chained). We impu e sepa a ely o each
wa e, o Eas and Wes and o owne s and enan s. The eg ession speci ica ions a y be -
ween hese g oups bu in gene al hey include:
• Fo owne :
–HGROOM, HGSIZE, HGCONDIT, HGCNSTYRMAX
–Numbe o pe sons in household
–Household ne income as s a ed in ques ionnai e
–Type o dwelling ( amily house, apa men , e c.)
SOEP Su ey Pape s 1309 22
SOEP-Co e ( 38.1) hgen
1909 47
1910 19
1911 18
1912 69
1913 22
1914 33
... (101 ows omi ed) 393042
2016 9776
2017 7687
2018 5945
2019 4510
2020 2243
2021 1334
2022 1
-1 No answe 0
-2 Does no apply 3421
-3 No alid 0
-4 Fo bidden Mul iple Response 0
-5 No Included In Ques ionnai e Ve sion 0
-6 Ques ionnai e Ve sion Wi h Modi ied Fil e 0
-7 Only a ailable in less es ic ed edi ion 0
-8 Ques ion no pa o he su ey p og am his yea 0
Wa es: all
HGMOVEYR con ains he yea o mo ing in o he household o he pe son who answe s
he household ques ionnai e. Fo old households a hei old add ess da a is ca ied o wa d
o up o wo yea s. Fo new households in SOEP and o old households ha ha e mo ed
he a iable is based on newly collec ed da a. In case he in o ma ion is missing and an old
household has mo ed ha yea o he p e ious yea , HGMOVEYR is gi en he alue o he
yea o he espec i e wa e.
The ca ying o wa d o da a en ails he possibili y ha he yea o mo ing in o he new
dwelling may lie be o e he yea o bi h o he oldes household membe .
Fo mo e in o ma ion, con ac : Ca s en Sch öde , <csch oede @diw.de>
hgu il – O he Mon hly U ili y Cos s
0 5
1 254
2 469
3 165
4 128
5 647
6 183
7 297
8 311
9 139
10 2373
11 178
12 778
13 223
SOEP Su ey Pape s 1309 29
SOEP-Co e ( 38.1) hgen
14 186
... (377 ows omi ed) 176205
831 1
850 1
860 1
880 1
900 5
930 1
1400 1
-1 No answe 7651
-2 Does no apply 173535
-3 No alid 0
-4 Fo bidden Mul iple Response 0
-5 No Included In Ques ionnai e Ve sion 26950
-6 Ques ionnai e Ve sion Wi h Modi ied Fil e 0
-7 Only a ailable in less es ic ed edi ion 0
-8 Ques ion no pa o he su ey p og am his yea 37682
hgu ilin o – Reason o Missing Addi ional U ili y Cos s
1U ili y Cos s Unknown 30
3No O he Addi ional U ili y Cos s 14092
-1 No answe 249
-2 Does no apply 113821
-3 No alid 0
-4 Fo bidden Mul iple Response 0
-5 No Included In Ques ionnai e Ve sion 12818
-6 Ques ionnai e Ve sion Wi h Modi ied Fil e 0
-7 Only a ailable in less es ic ed edi ion 0
-8 Ques ion no pa o he su ey p og am his yea 287360
hgse al – Adequacy O Li ing Space In Housing Uni
1Much Too Small 12059
2A Bi Too Small 63820
3Jus Righ 298539
4A Bi Too La ge 42618
5Much Too La ge 5594
-1 No answe 5740
-2 Does no apply 0
-3 No alid 0
-4 Fo bidden Mul iple Response 0
-5 No Included In Ques ionnai e Ve sion 0
-6 Ques ionnai e Ve sion Wi h Modi ied Fil e 0
-7 Only a ailable in less es ic ed edi ion 0
-8 Ques ion no pa o he su ey p og am his yea 0
Wa es: all
Subjec i e assessmen by esponden (household head). F om Wa e C o Wa e G, he in o -
ma ion on HGSEVAL was only collec ed o new households o households ha had mo ed
SOEP Su ey Pape s 1309 30
SOEP-Co e ( 38.1) hgen
(households wi h “blue” ques ionnai es) and immobile households whose HGSIZE had ch-
anged. In hese Wa es, HGSEVAL is ca ied o wa d om p e ious yea s.
Fo mo e in o ma ion, con ac : Ca s en Sch öde , <csch oede @diw.de>
hgsize – Size O Housing Uni In Sq M
6 16
7 1
816
9 35
10 142
11 55
12 358
13 49
14 158
15 401
16 361
17 99
18 309
19 89
20 1229
... (321 ows omi ed) 421085
698 1
700 1
720 1
754 1
800 1
838 2
938 1
-1 No answe 3959
-2 Does no apply 0
-3 No alid 0
-4 Fo bidden Mul iple Response 0
-5 No Included In Ques ionnai e Ve sion 0
-6 Ques ionnai e Ve sion Wi h Modi ied Fil e 0
-7 Only a ailable in less es ic ed edi ion 0
-8 Ques ion no pa o he su ey p og am his yea 0
Wa es: all
Up o Wa e R (excep o Wa e O), HGSIZE was collec ed only in he i s in e iew wi h
new households. In case a household had mo ed o whe he a household‘s housing uni
size had changed due o eno a ions o addi ions (up o Wa e G, hese households illed ou
a “g een” ques ionnai e). F om Wa e S onwa ds, he ques ion on he size o he housing
uni has been posed o all households annually. Fo households s ill esiding a hei old
add ess and nei he ha ing mo ed no eno a ed hei dwelling, he in o ma ion on he size
o he housing uni is ca ied o wa d as a s a us a iable in o de o p o ide alid cu en
in o ma ion. Analogously, he in o ma ion is ca ied back o ill gaps i households missed
o s a e he size o he housing in he i s yea a e mo ing.
In he case he in o ma ion on he size o he housing uni is s ill missing, i is impu ed
simul aneously wi h o he a iables using S a a‘s chained impu a ion p ocedu e. Impu ed
SOEP Su ey Pape s 1309 31
SOEP-Co e ( 38.1) hgen
alues a e no ca ied o wa d. Fo in o ma ion on he impu a ion p ocedu e, see he de-
sc ip ion o HGRENT.
Fo mo e in o ma ion, con ac : Ca s en Sch öde , <csch oede @diw.de>
hg 2 en – De ailed Impu a ion Flag, Ren Minus Hea ing Cos s
0No impu ed 348705
1Repo ed Ren Co ec ed o Impu ed Hea 31286
2Repo ed Ren Co ec ed o Impu ed U il 35586
3Repo ed Ren Co ec ed o Impu ed Elec 628
4Repo ed Ren Co ec ed o Hea and U il 3661
5Repo ed Ren Co ec ed o Hea and Elec 2174
6Repo ed Ren Co ec ed o U il and Elec 24
7Repo ed Ren Co ec ed o Hea , U il and Elec 15
8Repo ed Ren , a leas one Sub-Agg ega e Impu ed 3932
9Ren Imp., Sub-Agg ega es No Impu ed 804
10 Ren Imp. and Co ec ed Fo Imp. Hea 588
11 Ren Imp. and Co ec ed Fo Imp. U il 436
12 Ren Imp. and Co ec ed Fo Imp. Elec 11
13 Ren Imp. and Co ec ed Fo Imp. Hea and U il 158
14 Ren Imp. and Co ec ed Fo Imp. Hea and Elec 269
15 Ren Imp. and Co ec ed Fo Imp. U il and Elec 25
16 Ren Imp. and Co ec ed Fo Imp. Hea , U il and Elec 10
17 Ren Imp. & a leas one Imp. Sub-Agg ega es 58
-1 No answe 0
-2 Does no apply 0
-3 No alid 0
-4 Fo bidden Mul iple Response 0
-5 No Included In Ques ionnai e Ve sion 0
-6 Ques ionnai e Ve sion Wi h Modi ied Fil e 0
-7 Only a ailable in less es ic ed edi ion 0
-8 Ques ion no pa o he su ey p og am his yea 0
Wa es: all
HGF2RENT indica es whe he o no HGRENT has been impu ed (=1) by S a a’s chained
impu a ion p ocedu e.
Fo mo e in o ma ion, con ac : Ca s en Sch öde , <csch oede @diw.de>
hg elec – Impu a ion Flag, Cos s o Elec ici y
0No impu ed 200166
1Impu ed by PMM 4438
2Elec ici y Cos s om P e ious o Subsequen Yea s 3240
-1 No answe 0
-2 Does no apply 0
-3 No alid 0
-4 Fo bidden Mul iple Response 0
-5 No Included In Ques ionnai e Ve sion 0
-6 Ques ionnai e Ve sion Wi h Modi ied Fil e 0
SOEP Su ey Pape s 1309 32
SOEP-Co e ( 38.1) hgen
-7 Only a ailable in less es ic ed edi ion 0
-8 Ques ion no pa o he su ey p og am his yea 220526
Wa es: Since 2010
HGFELECTR indica es whe he HGELECTR alue has been impu ed (=1) by S a a’s chained
impu a ion p ocedu e o whe he i has been ca ied o - o backwa ds (=2) om pas /subsequen
wa es.
Fo mo e in o ma ion, con ac : Ca s en Sch öde , <csch oede @diw.de>
hg hea – Impu a ion Flag, Cos s O Hea ing And Wa m Wa e
0No impu ed 370508
1Impu ed by PMM 25497
2Elec ici y Cos s om P e ious o Subsequen Yea s 21122
-1 No answe 0
-2 Does no apply 0
-3 No alid 0
-4 Fo bidden Mul iple Response 0
-5 No Included In Ques ionnai e Ve sion 11243
-6 Ques ionnai e Ve sion Wi h Modi ied Fil e 0
-7 Only a ailable in less es ic ed edi ion 0
-8 Ques ion no pa o he su ey p og am his yea 0
Wa es: Since 1986
HGFHEAT indica es whe he HGHEAT has been impu ed (=1) by S a a’s chained impu a-
ion p ocedu e o whe he i has been ca ied o - o backwa ds (=2) om pas /subsequen
wa es.
Fo mo e in o ma ion, con ac : Ca s en Sch öde , <csch oede @diw.de>
hg en – Impu a ion Flag, Amoun O Ren Minus Hea ing Cos s
0No impu ed 348903
1Ren and/o Sub-Agg ega e Impu ed by PMM 60903
2Ren and/o Sub-Agg ega e om P e ious o Subsequen Yea s 16004
3Ren and/o Sub-Agg ega e F om P e ./Subs. Yea s and/o PMM 2560
-1 No answe 0
-2 Does no apply 0
-3 No alid 0
-4 Fo bidden Mul iple Response 0
-5 No Included In Ques ionnai e Ve sion 0
-6 Ques ionnai e Ve sion Wi h Modi ied Fil e 0
-7 Only a ailable in less es ic ed edi ion 0
-8 Ques ion no pa o he su ey p og am his yea 0
Wa es: all
HGFRENT indica es whe he HGRENT o expenses added o sub ac ed o HGRENT has be-
en impu ed (=1) by S a a’s chained impu a ion p ocedu e, whe he HGRENT i sel o expen-
ses added o sub ac ed o HGRENT was ca ied o - o backwa ds (=2) om pas /subsequen
wa es o whe he HGRENT is he esul o a mix u e o impu ed and pas /subsequen wa es’
alues. The ou h ca ego y ma ks households who e y likely did no include all u ili y cos s
SOEP Su ey Pape s 1309 33
SOEP-Co e ( 38.1) hgen
in hei o e all housing cos s in Wa e BE ( he ques ion om which HGRENT is gene a ed).
We iden i ied hese households by hei longi udinal in o ma ion on housing cos s and did
no sub ac HGHEAT and/o HGELECTR o ob ain hei HGRENT. HGF2RENT con ains
mo e de ailed in o ma ion abou which impu ed expenses we e added o sub ac ed.
Fo mo e in o ma ion, con ac : Ca s en Sch öde , <csch oede @diw.de>
hg oom – Impu a ion Flag, Numbe O Rooms Lage Than 6 Sq M
0No impu ed 424444
1Impu ed 3926
-1 No answe 0
-2 Does no apply 0
-3 No alid 0
-4 Fo bidden Mul iple Response 0
-5 No Included In Ques ionnai e Ve sion 0
-6 Ques ionnai e Ve sion Wi h Modi ied Fil e 0
-7 Only a ailable in less es ic ed edi ion 0
-8 Ques ion no pa o he su ey p og am his yea 0
Wa es: all
HGFROOM indica es whe he o no HGROOM has been impu ed (=1) by S a a’s chained
impu a ion p ocedu e.
Fo mo e in o ma ion, con ac : Ca s en Sch öde , <csch oede @diw.de>
hg size – Impu a ion Flag, Size O Housing
0No impu ed 425447
1Impu ed 2923
-1 No answe 0
-2 Does no apply 0
-3 No alid 0
-4 Fo bidden Mul iple Response 0
-5 No Included In Ques ionnai e Ve sion 0
-6 Ques ionnai e Ve sion Wi h Modi ied Fil e 0
-7 Only a ailable in less es ic ed edi ion 0
-8 Ques ion no pa o he su ey p og am his yea 0
Wa es: all
HGFSIZE indica es whe he o no HGSIZE has been impu ed (=1) by S a a’s chained im-
pu a ion p ocedu e.
Fo mo e in o ma ion, con ac : Ca s en Sch öde , <csch oede @diw.de>
hg u il – Impu a ion Flag, O he Mon hly U ili y Cos s
0No impu ed 276534
1Impu ed by PMM 83761
2Elec ici y Cos s om P e ious o Subsequen Yea s 16261
-1 No answe 0
-2 Does no apply 0
SOEP Su ey Pape s 1309 34
SOEP-Co e ( 38.1) hgen
-3 No alid 0
-4 Fo bidden Mul iple Response 0
-5 No Included In Ques ionnai e Ve sion 14132
-6 Ques ionnai e Ve sion Wi h Modi ied Fil e 0
-7 Only a ailable in less es ic ed edi ion 0
-8 Ques ion no pa o he su ey p og am his yea 37682
Wa es: Since 1991
HGFUTIL indica es whe he HGUTIL alue has been impu ed (=1) by S a a’s chained impu-
a ion p ocedu e o whe he i has been ca ied o - o backwa ds (=2) om pas /subsequen
wa es.
Fo mo e in o ma ion, con ac : Ca s en Sch öde , <csch oede @diw.de>
6 Subsidiza ion o Housing Cos s
hgosubs – Amoun O Subsidies Las Yea
1Yes 13048
2No 80190
-1 No answe 1225
-2 Does no apply 108728
-3 No alid 0
-4 Fo bidden Mul iple Response 0
-5 No Included In Ques ionnai e Ve sion 0
-6 Ques ionnai e Ve sion Wi h Modi ied Fil e 0
-7 Only a ailable in less es ic ed edi ion 0
-8 Ques ion no pa o he su ey p og am his yea 225179
Wa es: 2000–2014
S a emen by esponden . HGOSUBS con ains in o ma ion on cash housing subsidies e-
cei ed by owne s om he go e nmen du ing he yea p io o he in e iew. Wa e W was
he las wa e house owne s could apply o he 8-yea s-long inancial suppo such ha since
Wa e BF, HGOSUBS is no asked any longe . In o ma ion is no ca ied o wa d.
Please no e: The old a iable $FOERD (a ailable un il SOEP da a elease 25 in $HGEN)
is disca ded. Homeowne subsidies in Ge many ha e been subjec o majo e isions and
luc ua ions o e ime. The co esponding ques ion in SOEP was in some wa es only posed
o new households and hose ha ha e mo ed, in some wa es i was no su eyed a all. Fo
hese easons, he ques ion o go e nmen housing subsidies was changed in Wa e Q o
co e di ec subsidies ecei ed he p e ious yea . HGSUBSID and HGOSUBS eplace he
old a iable $FOERD.
Fo mo e in o ma ion, con ac : Ca s en Sch öde , <csch oede @diw.de>
hg educ – Dwelling A A Reduced P ize
1Yes 18562
2No 199056
-1 No answe 20960
-2 Does no apply 173757
-3 No alid 0
SOEP Su ey Pape s 1309 35
SOEP-Co e ( 38.1) hgen
-4 Fo bidden Mul iple Response 0
-5 No Included In Ques ionnai e Ve sion 4792
-6 Ques ionnai e Ve sion Wi h Modi ied Fil e 0
-7 Only a ailable in less es ic ed edi ion 0
-8 Ques ion no pa o he su ey p og am his yea 11243
Wa es: 1986–2002 (wes ), 1990 & 1992–2002 (eas ), since 2008 (bo h)
HGREDUC s a es whe he he la is o e ed by he owne a a educed en . In o ma ion
is ca ied o wa d om p e ious wa es o old households esiding a hei old add ess. Fo
newly su eyed households and o old households ha ha e mo ed, newly collec ed da a
is used. F om Wa e T o Wa e X, his in o ma ion was no collec ed. I is ca ied o wa d
om Wa e S o households who ha e no mo ed and whose s a ed amoun o en a y only
sligh ly. The new in o ma ion om Wa e Y is hen ca ied backwa d o households wi h he
same cha ac e is ics i HGREDUC is s ill missing a e ca ying o wa d om Wa e S.
Fo mo e in o ma ion, con ac : Ca s en Sch öde , <csch oede @diw.de>
hg subs – Go e nmen Subsidized Housing
1Yes, Wi h Due Diligence 21824
2Yes, Wi h Run Ou Due Diligence 4896
3No 210421
-1 No answe 5763
-2 Does no apply 175919
-3 No alid 0
-4 Fo bidden Mul iple Response 0
-5 No Included In Ques ionnai e Ve sion 9547
-6 Ques ionnai e Ve sion Wi h Modi ied Fil e 0
-7 Only a ailable in less es ic ed edi ion 0
-8 Ques ion no pa o he su ey p og am his yea 0
Wa es: Since 1984 (wes ), 1990 & since 1994 (eas )
HGRSUBS s a es whe he he en is subsidized by go e nmen . Up o Wa e K (1994), he
ques ion was asked only o new households and households who had mo ed since las yea .
Fo he emaining households, he in o ma ion is ca ied o wa d om p e ious wa es. Eas
Ge man households we e asked o he i s ime in Wa e J (1993).
The second esponse ca ego y, which indica es expi ed subsidiza ion, was added in Wa e
L (1995). In Wa e BG (2016), he ca ego y was emo ed. In Ge many, en subsidiza ion is
ypically se up as a sys em o subsidized loans o eal es a e in es o s and an obliga ion o
o e below ma ke en s. The obliga ion expi es a e one o se e al decades. In p inciple,
he e is he possibili y ha households say o li e in a subsidized la , al hough subsidiza ion
has expi ed.
Fo mo e in o ma ion, con ac : Ca s en Sch öde , <csch oede @diw.de>
hgsubsid – Go e nmen Subsidizes Housing Paymen s
1Yes 5274
2No 8767
-1 No answe 11769
-2 Does no apply 66348
SOEP Su ey Pape s 1309 36
SOEP-Co e ( 38.1) hgen
-3 No alid 0
-4 Fo bidden Mul iple Response 0
-5 No Included In Ques ionnai e Ve sion 21422
-6 Ques ionnai e Ve sion Wi h Modi ied Fil e 0
-7 Only a ailable in less es ic ed edi ion 0
-8 Ques ion no pa o he su ey p og am his yea 314790
Wa es: 1984–1999 (wes ), 1994–1999 (eas )
S a emen by esponden . HGSUBSID con ains in o ma ion on go e nmen subsidies a he
ime he housing was buil o bough . F om Wa e B o Wa e N, his was only asked o new
households o in case an old household had mo ed. In o ma ion is hen ca ied o wa d. In
Wa e O and Wa e P, he ques ion was again posed o he whole popula ion.
Fo mo e in o ma ion, con ac : Ca s en Sch öde , <csch oede @diw.de>
7 Typology o Household
hgowne – Tenan O Owne O Dwelling
1Owne 177627
2Main Tenan 232584
3Sub-Tenan 10234
4Tenan 109
5Li ing In A Home o Sha ed Accommoda ion 2987
-1 No answe 37
-2 Does no apply 0
-3 No alid 0
-4 Fo bidden Mul iple Response 0
-5 No Included In Ques ionnai e Ve sion 4792
-6 Ques ionnai e Ve sion Wi h Modi ied Fil e 0
-7 Only a ailable in less es ic ed edi ion 0
-8 Ques ion no pa o he su ey p og am his yea 0
Wa es: all
Up o Wa e H, he in o ma ion o HGOWNER was collec ed in sepa a e ques ionnai es
o “old” and i s - ime esponden s, espec i ely (“blue” and “g een” ques ionnai es). In all
wa es and o each household wi h he o iginal alue o -1 (“no answe ”), codes a e se o
=1 and =4 i a leas one owne - o enan -speci ic i em is gi en. Code 4 is also used i a
change in owne ship ( om owne o enan ) has aken place bu no o iginal in o ma ion o
HGOWNER was gi en. Code 5 (‘ esiden o a home o ins i u ional li ing acili y’) has only
been assigned by in e iewe s du ing ieldwo k since Wa e P.
Fo mo e in o ma ion, con ac : Ca s en Sch öde , <csch oede @diw.de>
hg yp1hh – Household Typology, One Digi
11-Pe s.-HH 104876
2Couple Wi hou Child en 119355
3Single Pa en 35151
4Couple Wi h Child en LE 16 95570
5Couple Wi h Child en GT 16 37483
SOEP Su ey Pape s 1309 37
SOEP-Co e ( 38.1) hgen
6Couple Wi h Child en LE And GT 16 23513
7Mul iple Gene a ion-HH 4938
8O he Combina ion 7354
-1 No answe 130
-2 Does no apply 0
-3 No alid 0
-4 Fo bidden Mul iple Response 0
-5 No Included In Ques ionnai e Ve sion 0
-6 Ques ionnai e Ve sion Wi h Modi ied Fil e 0
-7 Only a ailable in less es ic ed edi ion 0
-8 Ques ion no pa o he su ey p og am his yea 0
Wa es: all
HGTYP1HH is an agg ega ion o HGTYP2HH. Fo u he in o ma ion on HGTYP1HH,
please e e o o HGTYP2HH.
Fo mo e in o ma ion, con ac : Ca s en Sch öde , <csch oede @diw.de>
hg yp2hh – Household Typology, Two Digi
11 1-Pe son HH LE 35 Y. 27054
12 1-Pe son HH 35- LT 60 Y. 32003
13 1-Pe son HH GE 60 Y. 45819
21 Couple Wi hou Child en 119355
31 Single Pa en ,1 Child, LE 16 10913
32 Single Pa en ,2 O Mo e Child en, LE 16 6817
33 Single Pa en ,1 Child en, GT 16 10532
34 Single Pa en ,2 O Mo e Child en, GT 16 2592
35 Single Pa en ,2 Child en, LE and GT 16 2369
36 Single Pa en ,3 O Mo e Child en, LE and GT 16 1928
41 Couple, 1 Child, LE 16 34812
42 Couple, 2 Child en, LE 16 40656
43 Couple, 3 O Mo e Child en, LE 16 20102
51 Couple, 1 Child, GT 16 24736
52 Couple, 2 Child en, GT 16 10706
53 Couple, 3 O Mo e Child en, GT 16 2041
61 Couple, 2 Child en, LE and GT 16 10810
62 Couple, 3 O Mo e Child en, LE and GT 16 12703
71 3-Gene a ion-HH 4435
72 4-Gene a ion-HH 33
73 G andPa en s-G andChild en-HH 470
81 O he Combina ion Wi hou K. LE 16 7351
82 O he Combina ion Wi h K. LE 16 3
-1 No answe 130
-2 Does no apply 0
-3 No alid 0
-4 Fo bidden Mul iple Response 0
-5 No Included In Ques ionnai e Ve sion 0
-6 Ques ionnai e Ve sion Wi h Modi ied Fil e 0
-7 Only a ailable in less es ic ed edi ion 0
-8 Ques ion no pa o he su ey p og am his yea 0
SOEP Su ey Pape s 1309 38
SOEP-Co e ( 38.1) hgen
-5 No Included In Ques ionnai e Ve sion 0
-6 Ques ionnai e Ve sion Wi h Modi ied Fil e 0
-7 Only a ailable in less es ic ed edi ion 0
-8 Ques ion no pa o he su ey p og am his yea 0
hg hinc – Impu a ion Flag, Mon hly Ne Household Income
0No impu ed 408551
1Impu ed 19809
-1 No answe 3
-2 Does no apply 7
-3 No alid 0
-4 Fo bidden Mul iple Response 0
-5 No Included In Ques ionnai e Ve sion 0
-6 Ques ionnai e Ve sion Wi h Modi ied Fil e 0
-7 Only a ailable in less es ic ed edi ion 0
-8 Ques ion no pa o he su ey p og am his yea 0
HGFHINC is a dummy a iable indica ing whe he an obse a ion was missing on HGHINC
and was he e o e impu ed o no .
Fo mo e in o ma ion, con ac : Jan Goebel (Tel. +49-30-89789-377), <[email protected]>
9 Time and Me hod o In e iew
iyea – Household Rela ed Su ey Yea
2017 18771
2018 19033
2019 19454
2020 19255
2021 13882
2022 812
-7 Only a ailable in less es ic ed edi ion 0
-8 Ques ion no pa o he su ey p og am his yea 337163
hghmon h – Mon h O In e iew
1Janua y 25204
2Feb ua y 101251
3Ma ch 102222
4Ap il 60476
5May 38723
6June 29401
7July 22002
8Augus 16322
9Sep embe 12914
10 Oc obe 9132
11 No embe 6382
SOEP Su ey Pape s 1309 45
SOEP-Co e ( 38.1) hgen
12 Decembe 4303
-1 No answe 37
-2 Does no apply 0
-3 No alid 1
-4 Fo bidden Mul iple Response 0
-5 No Included In Ques ionnai e Ve sion 0
-6 Ques ionnai e Ve sion Wi h Modi ied Fil e 0
-7 Only a ailable in less es ic ed edi ion 0
-8 Ques ion no pa o he su ey p og am his yea 0
Wa es: all
The mon h o pa icipa ion in he su ey is gene a ed using da a om he household ques-
ionnai e. Missing in o ma ion is illed in using da a om he HBRUTTOL ile. In e iews
ha ook place in he mon h o Decembe , and p io o he 20 h o ha mon h, we e ecoded
o –3.
Fo mo e in o ma ion, con ac : Pe e K ause (Tel. +49-30-89789-690), <pk [email protected]>
hghmode – In e iew Me hod
100 Wi h In e iewe Assis ance 4460
110 O al In e iew 101706
120 W i en Ques. In e iewe 64992
131 W i en Ques. No In e iewe 6176
132 O al And W i en 7396
133 P oxy 12
134 Thi d Pe son P esen 1334
135 No Thi d Pe son P esen 9175
140 CAPI - Since 1998 (O) 171280
150 CAWI Since 2014 (BE) 6301
160 CATI since 2021 484
170 CASI since 2021 0
210 W i en, By Mail 44093
220 Telephone In e iew 3166
230 CAPI by Phone 7784
-1 No answe 11
-2 Does no apply 0
-3 No alid 0
-4 Fo bidden Mul iple Response 0
-5 No Included In Ques ionnai e Ve sion 0
-6 Ques ionnai e Ve sion Wi h Modi ied Fil e 0
-7 Only a ailable in less es ic ed edi ion 0
-8 Ques ion no pa o he su ey p og am his yea 0
Wa es: all
The in e iew me hod is gene a ed h ough da a om he household ques ionnai e. Missing
in o ma ion is illed in wi h da a om he co esponding HBRUTTO ile.
Fo mo e in o ma ion, con ac : Pe e K ause (Tel. +49-30-89789-690), <pk [email protected]>
SOEP Su ey Pape s 1309 46
SOEP-Co e ( 38.1) hgen
inpu da ase – Sou ce da ase
ahgen 5921
bahgen 15414
bbhgen 16819
bchgen 16508
bdhgen 18093
behgen 16037
b hgen 15991
bghgen 17775
bhgen 5322
bhhgen 19701
bihgen 18682
bjhgen 19030
bkhgen 20183
blhgen 13611
chgen 5090
... (8 ows omi ed) 48145
lhgen 6968
mhgen 6894
nhgen 6810
ohgen 7668
phgen 7388
qhgen 13249
hgen 11947
shgen 12692
hgen 12061
uhgen 11796
hgen 11440
whgen 12499
xhgen 11689
yhgen 11058
zhgen 11889
SOEP Su ey Pape s 1309 47
