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P inciples o compu e simula ion design o he needs o imp o emen
o he aw ma e ials combined anspo sys em
Ma in S aka1, And ea Roso á1, Radim Leno 2, Pe Bes a3
and Janka Šade o á1
This a icle is ocused on compu e simula ion design o aw ma e ials anspo a ion. The c ea ion o a simula ion model o he
combined anspo sys em o he aw ma e ials anspo a ion has i s own p oblema ic pa s. In gene al, hese a e pa s, which ep esen
anspo nodes, i.e. pa s o he sys em in which aw ma e ials a e eloaded om one ehicle o ano he . The gi en ope a ions a e in
p ac ice dependen on he p epa edness o all anspo a ion means, which pa icipa e in i . To loca e ope a ions o eloading o he aw
ma e ials om one ehicle o ano he and he check o he p epa edness o he ehicles o he eloading in he simula ion sys em is mo e
demanding because i is necessa y o ake in o conside a ion se e al aspec s, such as an exis ence o a ehicle wi h aw ma e ials, an
exis ence o a ehicle o which i is o be eloaded, a sui able eeloade , and so on. The a icle ocuses on de ining a p ocedu e and co ec
s eps a he c ea ion o he simula ion compu e model o he combined aw ma e ials anspo sys em in he EXTENDSIM simula ion
sys em based on speci ic da a om a eal anspo sys em. As is clea om he p oposed p ocedu e o he c ea ion o he combined aw
ma e ial anspo sys em, as a check elemen o he anspo sys em p epa edness, i is sui able o use he "Ga e" block and i s ea u es in
he EXTENDSIM simula ion sys em. As anspi es om he esul s o simula ion o he combined aw ma e ial anspo sys em, abou
322,000 ons o aw ma e ials a 90-96% wi h he use o all ehicles is anspo ed du ing he yea .
Key wo ds: compu e simula ion, EXTENDSIM, combined anspo sys em, aw ma e ials, imp o emen .
In oduc ion
Success ul ealisa ion o anspo a ion o millions o ons o aw ma e ials wi h he use o di e en ypes o
anspo a ion depends on many ac o s. I is impo an o e ec i ely se he logis ic ac i i ies, such as loading,
ma e ial ans e and unloading, e ec i ely use echnical esou ces and minimisa ion o delay and econs uc ion
imes. I is no easy o design such a sys em due o ime and dis ance easons. Tha is why a sui able ins umen
o e ec i e se ing and es ing such sys ems ocusing on aw ma e ial anspo a ion appea s o be he use o
compu e simula ion. The quali y o he ou pu and da a depends on he quali y o he ealised analysis and a
co ec p ocedu e, e i ica ion, alida ion and ealisa ion o he simula ion model. Wha p ocedu e is be e o
designing such a sys em is no clea . Tha is why he a icle ocuses on de ining a p ocedu e and co ec s eps a
he c ea ion o he simula ion compu e model o he combined aw ma e ials anspo sys em. An
ins umen ali y o he compu e simula ion will be he EXTENDSIM sys em. The consequence o he s eps is
howe e usable o wha e e simula ion sys em and p ojec o eigh anspo .
Ac i i ies closely ied o ma e ial low can p oceed simul aneously wi h he ma e ial low, hey can ollow
he ma e ial low, o e en agains he ma e ial low (S aka, 2010; D as ich, 2017). The p oblema ics o
iden i ica ion o he common signs du ing designing combine anspo sys ems wi h he help o pa icula
simula ion sys ems is in gene al signi ican and impo an , wha is p o ed - among o he s - by gene al in e es o
he sol ed p oblema ics o many o he au ho s and designe s. Some gene al p inciples a e necessa y o conside
in he design and analysis o he ma e ial low, o example a classi ica ion o he s a es, a sys em, cell o
wo ks a ion and ips on how o de ine o he possible al e na i e ma e ial low scena ios (Delgado Sob ino e al.,
2013; Pacana e al., 2014; Malindzako a e al., 2015). F om he poin o iew o he mining ac i i y and
consequen ial ea men o aw ma e ials, i is necessa y o e alua e such ac i i y e y sensi i ely and ho oughly
and emphasise he li ing en i onmen . Acco ding o he au ho s Bu cha -Ko ol e al. (2016), Wi kowski and
Kiba-Janiak (2012) and Khou i e al. (2017), li e cycle assessmen is impo an o he en i onmen al e alua ion
o mining ope a ions, which enables assessmen o he ac o s ha a e bo h di ec ly and indi ec ly a ec ing he
en i onmen and a e associa ed wi h he p oduc ion o aw ma e ials and ene gy used in p ocesses. I is clea
om he abo e men ioned ha sol ing a combine aw ma e ial anspo sys em wi h he help o simula ion
sys ems has such highe impo ance because i enables us o se and p opose a sys em in such ac i i y o emo e
many impo an inadequacies (G ujic e al., 2011).
1 Ma in S aka, And ea Roso á, Janka Šade o á, Ins i u e o Logis ics, BERG Facul y, Technical Uni e si y o Kosice, Pa k Komenskeho
14, 04384 Kosice, Slo akia, ma in.s aka@ uke.sk , and ea. oso a@ uke.sk, janka.sade o a@ uke.sk
2 Radim Leno , Depa men o Logis ics, Quali y and Au omo i e Technology, ŠKODA AUTO Uni e si y, Na Ka meli 1457, 293 01 Mlada
Bolesla , Czech Republic, adim.leno @sa s.cz
3 Pe Bes a, Depa men o Economics and Managemen in Me allu gy, Facul y o Me allu gy and Ma e ials Enginee ing, VŠB - Technical
Uni e si y o Os a a, 17. lis opadu 15, Os a a-Po uba, 708 33 Os a a-Po uba, Czech Republic, pe .bes a@ sb.cz
Ma in S aka, And ea Roso á, Radim Leno , Pe Bes a and Janka Šade o á: P inciples o compu e simula ion design o he needs
o imp o emen o he aw ma e ials combined anspo sys em
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Acco ding o he au ho s S aka e al. (2017), in he same way as he company g adually goes h ough
di e en s ages o de elopmen , so can he means o simula ion modelling adap o he equi emen s o any
gi en de elopmen s age. Simila ly, as a house is g adually being cons uc ed so he simula ion models can be
buil om speci ic blocks, objec s, componen s and o he ools wi hin he simula ion sys ems. The cu en
possibili ies o he compu e simula ion app oach enable us o mimic he eal p ocesses o logis ic p oduc ion
ac i i ies as well as o he ac ual p oduc ion and anspo a ion.
Li e a u e e iew
The use o compu e simula ion o sol ing sys ems ha a e complica ed, dange ous, icky, in a phase o
he p o o ype, una ailable, expensi e and so on, became ine i able. F om he poin o iew o he adminis a ion
o he anspo sys ems in ime, i is mainly dynamical sys ems and dynamical simula ion. Acco ding o he
au ho s Zemano á, Bo ek and S acho o á (2017), S aka (2017) dynamic simula ion is a powe ul ool o
op imising p ocesses wi hin he company. The meaning o compu e simula ion and he co ec se ing o he
en i e combine anspo sys em is also impo an om he poin o iew o he e ec i e managemen o he
ans e o millions o ons o aw ma e ials. E ec i e managemen o he p o ision o aw ma e ials a he aw
ma e ials eloading poin shall sa e cos s o he anspo i sel and does no sa u a e a gene al anspo ne wo k
(Bes a e al., 2016; Folega and Bu cha -Ko ol, 2017). The compu e simula ion is one o he s able ins umen s
o he implemen a ion o in e nal and ope a ional cos s. Con empo a y en e p ises a e cons an ly looking o
new me hods and solu ions (including simula ion) ha allow hei compe i i eness o be inc eased and help hem
o imp o e he quali y o decision-making and educe he ime and cos o he p ocesses (Saniuk e al., 2014).
Compu e simula ion and simula ion so wa e can be used in many b anches. Acco ding o he au ho s Bo ek
(2005), Dupláko á, Knapčíko á e al. (2017) and S aka e al. (2018), i is possible o use simula ion so wa e in
he manu ac u ing plan s. They a e using he simula ion so wa e o cu ing, milling, d illing, planning,
assembly, manu ac u ing, managemen . I is possible o use he simula ion so wa e du ing he p oduc ion o
composi e ma e ials in he simula ion o ma e ial lows.
Acco ding o he au ho s Taušo á e al. (2017) and Wi enbe ge e al. (2012), he mining indus y is in
cons an de elopmen on e e y con inen . The eason is inc easing demand o aw ma e ials. The acquisi ion o
mine al aw ma e ials is he mos impo an pa o he mining indus y, which p oduces aw ma e ials wo h
hund eds o millions o eu os pe yea in Slo akia alone. I is ela ed o and inc eases he impo ance o he
anspo o aw ma e ials.
Eu opean anspo policy has unde gone signi ican ans o ma ions bo h aking in o accoun i s ange as
well as implemen a ion ins umen s since 1957. Con empo a y condi ions o he social and economic si ua ion
de e mine he exis ence o wide in e ac ions be ween objec i es o he s a egy T anspo 2050 and o he
Eu opean Union policies, like en i onmen al and cohesion policy o suppo o esea ch and inno a ions. In his
si ua ion, he e icien coo dina ion o bo h p og amming (simula ion oo), as well as implemen a ion
ins umen s o hese policies, has become a undamen al challenge (S aka and Malindzak, 2009; D eje ska,
2011; Kiba-Janiak, 2017). The Cen al and Eas e n Eu opean egion has g own dynamically o e he pas
decade, s a ing i s de elopmen e en be o e he accession o many o he leading economies o he Eu opean
Union. In as uc u e shapes mobili y. No majo change in anspo will be possible wi hou he suppo o an
adequa e ne wo k and mo e in elligence in using i (H ico á, 2017).
Acco ding o he au ho s S aka e al. (2016), logis ics as a c oss-sec ional a ea in companies, including
hose wi h chemical p oduc ion, aims o combine he ma e ial, spa ial and empo al di e en ia ion o he
p oduc ion and consump ion in he liaison posi ions be ween he single economic subjec s logically and cos -
e ec i ely. Howe e , i is impo an o ealise ha a p agma ic delimi a ion o logis ics cha ac e ises i s mission
na owed o he sub-a eas o he logis ics sys em p ima ily o supply, s o age o anspo .
Analysis o he e alua ed combined anspo sys em
To enable he composi ion o a complex simula ion model o he aw ma e ials anspo sys em ac i i y, i
is necessa y o p epa e and ealise a ho ough analysis o he anspo sys em elemen s. The ac i i y o he
objec i e anspo sys em can be classi ied as a lexible connec ion be ween he sou ce o he aw ma e ials and
he poin o hei indus ial using. The whole aw ma e ials anspo sys em consis s o se e al pa s. The i s
pa o he sys em is c ea ed by he ailway eigh anspo . The second pa o he sys em is a loade , which
wi hd aws aw ma e ials om he eigh wagons and eloads hem o he ucks. The nex pa o he anspo
sys em is c ea ed by he ins umen s o he eigh anspo ha ca y ou he loaded aw ma e ials o he place o
hei p ocessing. The las pa o he eigh sys em is c ea ed by he oad in as uc u e.
The inpu low is c ea ed by housands o ons o he deli e ed aw ma e ials by means o he ailway
anspo esou ces. The aw ma e ials a e loaded om he wagons wi h he help o a loade o he a i ed
ucks, which ca y ou hem o he aw ma e ials dumping place ha se es o he indus ial usage.
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The ollowing indings esul om he sys em analysis o he anspo sys em ac i i y:
• Annually, abou 322,000 ons o aw ma e ials a e anspo ed by he ailway.
• T anspo ed aw ma e ials come h ough se e al le els o anspo a ion. The i s le el o anspo a ion is
c ea ed by he anspo o aw ma e ials om he place o mining by means o ailway eigh anspo .
T ans e o aw ma e ials wi h he help o ins umen s o loading and unloading c ea es he second le el o
anspo a ion. The hi d le el o anspo a ion is c ea ed by he oad eigh anspo o he place o
des ina ion and p ocessing he aw ma e ials.
F om he poin o iew o he gene al ac i i y o he aw ma e ials anspo sys em, i is necessa y o
emembe some ollowing indings and pa ame e s:
• One ain consis s o ens o eigh wagons.
• The second le el o anspo a ion o he aw ma e ials consis s o one loade wi h a sho el capaci y o
0.86 on.
• The hi d le el o anspo a ion is c ea ed by h ee ucks. One uck has a capaci y o 7.8 ons.
• The loade needs 4 minu es o he loading o one uck.
• The uck will o e come he oad o he dumping place o aw ma e ials by 1.75 minu es.
• One ull wagon con ains 70 ons o aw ma e ials, wha ep esen s loading abou o 9 pcs o ucks.
• P o ided all ehicles be loaded, he ain and he loade ha e o wai o e u ning back emp y ehicles.
• When he ain is unloaded, he ehicles and he loade ha e o wai o he addi ion o he ollowing ain
loaded by aw ma e ials.
• An addi ion o one wagon akes app oxima ely o 1.5 minu es.
The composi ion o a o malised and block scheme o aw ma e ials anspo
Raw ma e ials anspo a ion and he ac i i y o he en i e anspo sys em has i s pa ame e s, limi a ions
and a p ecise sequence. Based on he in o ma ion men ioned abo e and he analysis o he anspo sys em
ac i i y, i is possible o compose i s o malised scheme (Fig. 1). The o malised scheme ep esen s he whole
anspo sys em wi h i s elemen s and in e connec ions. Elemen s o he sys em c ea e sepa a e pa s and le els
o anspo a ion and anspo ope a ions wi h aw ma e ials.
The composed o malised scheme c ea es a e y impo an base o he c ea ion o he simula ion sys em
i sel . Pa icula pa s o he o malised scheme a e consequen ly eplaced by app op ia e blocks o a speci ic
simula ion sys em. The c ea ion o he simula ion model consis s o wo pa s. The i s pa is ep esen ed by a
block scheme o a co esponding simula ion sys em (Fig. 2) and he second pa is he simula ion model i sel
wi h he ealisa ion o he esea ch o he sphe e o anspo a ion o aw ma e ials and he logis ics (Fig. 3).
The composi ion o he block scheme as sou ce ma e ials o he simula ion model i sel is impo an o he
p epa a ion o da a and in o ma ion ha a e necessa y o he se ing o sepa a e blocks o he simula ion model.
Fig. 1. Fo malised scheme o he combined anspo sys em o he aw ma e ials a ic.
Ma in S aka, And ea Roso á, Radim Leno , Pe Bes a and Janka Šade o á: P inciples o compu e simula ion design o he needs
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Fig. 2. Block scheme o he combined anspo sys em o he aw ma e ials a ic.
P oposal o a simula ion model o he combined aw ma e ials anspo sys em
I is clea om he s a is ical da a ob ained om he ope a ion o he aw ma e ials anspo sys em ha he
ans e o aw ma e ials o a ailway- eloading cen e is app oxima e o 322,000 ons o aw ma e ials annually.
As is clea om he de ailed da a analysis, abou 0.613 ons o aw ma e ials is deli e ed by he ailway e e y
minu e.
F om he poin o iew o he c ea ion o he simula ion model i sel and co e ing he ac i i y o he en i e
anspo sys em, wo pa s a e e y impo an :
1. The ain wi h aw ma e ials is added and is no emp y, bu all ucks a e loaded, i.e. hey ealise
anspo a ion o he dumping place o aw ma e ials o a e on he way.
2. The ucks a e p epa ed o loading, bu he ain is a e unloading, and i is necessa y o wai up o he
addi ion o he nex ain ull wi h aw ma e ials.
In bo h cases, a los ime has o occu in pa o he anspo sys em, which is jus physically una ailable.
Ano he in e es ing hing om he poin o iew o he c ea ion o he simula ion model o he e alua ed
anspo sys em is ha a dynamical elemen unde he gene al name o " eques " ep esen s coming anspo
means. F om he i s en y, hese a e gene a ed wagons, and om he second en y, hese a e gene a ed ca go
ehicles.
The gi en s a e om he poin o iew o he c ea ion o he simula ion model o he whole anspo
sys em, i is necessa y o imi a e in a conc e e simula ion sys em so ha i co esponds o he ac i i y he
e alua ed eal sys em, wha is no easy in many simula ion sys ems.
Pa s o he simula ion model a e cha ac e ised by he a ailabili y o blocks ha a e connec ed wi h
junc ions, which uniquely de e mine he di ec ion o he lows. Thei posi ion, icon and a block name, blocks
connec o s, junc ions, dialogue boxes wi h ope ands and lows de ine basic cha ac e is ics o pa icula blocks o
he model. Each used block occupies a ce ain place, a posi ion in he simula ion model, which ep esen a eal
e alua ed sys em. The blocks hemsel es ep esen ce ain pa s o he p ocesses o ope a ions om which he
model o he e alua ed eal sys em i sel is c ea ed. Icons and names o he blocks a e illus a i e images o he
blocks wi h hei p ecise unique name ha desc ibe hei basic unc ion. Each block has i s unique icon and i s
unique name ha exp esses i s basic usage wi hin he models. The block named „C ea e“ ep esen s gene a ing
en ies o eques s (was e in ons) o he model; he block named „Queue“ cha ac e ises he c ea ion o se ies o
eques s, wi h an en y in o he se ies, including i s lea ing. The block named „Exi “ ep esen s an ou pu om
he model acco ding o he eques s ha will inpu in o he block.
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Connec o s o he blocks a e pa s o he icons ha enable connec ion o he blocks be ween each o he ,
whe eas a ule has o be obse ed ha i is necessa y o connec only inpu connec o s wi h ou pu connec o s.
By connec ing he connec o s o wo di e en blocks, a logical sequence o blocks co esponding o a eal
sys em and he base o o igina ion o he low o eques s and alues is c ea ed. The connec ion o he blocks
be ween each o he will p o ide he c ea ion o lows and in oke hei con ol and check. The connec ion o he
blocks has o ep esen a eal sequence o he blocks as well as in he examined sys em. By connec ion o wo
blocks ia hei connec o s, a junc ion will be c ea ed (a doubled o simple line), which unequi ocally encloses a
sequence o he blocks and a di ec ion o he low o he eques s and alues. Dialogue boxes and ope ands
ep esen speci ic i ems, ea u es o he blocks, which a e cha ac e is ic o sepa a e blocks and necessa y o he
ac i i y o sepa a e blocks. In case o he opening he dialogue box o he block, speci ic pa ame e s and ea u es
o he block will be displayed, which can be o ha e o be se o he conc e e block.
As a as dynamic elemen s in he simula ion model a e ep esen ed by he equi emen s o „Wagon“ and
„T uck“ ype, e c., gene a o s o inpu s will be adap ed o he gi en condi ions.
Pa ame e s o he gene a ion o he en y o wagons in o he modelled anspo sys em o he i s en y
gene a o named „C ea e1-Wagons en y“ a e se o he dis ibu ion unc ion wi h a di ision o „Cons an “ o 36
min. The gi en se ing will ensu e he inse ion o one wagon ull o aw ma e ials in o he examined anspo
sys em.
Pa ame e s o he gene a ion o he en y o ucks in o he modelled anspo sys em o he second
gene a o o en y named „C ea e2-Vehicles en y" a e se o he dis ibu ion unc ion wi h a di ision o
„No mal“ 5±2 seconds; he maximum numbe o he gene a ed eques s is adjus able o he alue o 3. The gi en
se ing will ensu e inse ion o a he mos o 3 ucks in o he examined anspo sys em in he gi en ime
di ision. As a as he aw ma e ials dumping place is close o he loading poin o he ucks wi hin he whole
sys em, h ee ucks a e enough.
F om he poin o iew o modelling a p ocedu e o he en i e ain ia he aw ma e ials eloading cen e,
he connec ion o „Queue1-Ga e1-Ac i i y1-Ac i i y2-Ga e2-Exi “ blocks will ollow up.
The „Queue1“ block ep esen s an accumula o , i.e. auxilia y ack, o which i is possible o place e en ual
nex incoming wagons wi h aw ma e ials.
The „Ga e1“ block p o ides a check o an incoming wagon ha has been al eady ully unloaded. I he
incoming wagon has no ye been unloaded, hen he „Ga e1“ block will no le go he nex wagon o unloading.
P o ided he incoming wagon has been al eady ully unloaded, he „Ga e1“ block will le go he nex wagon o
unloading.
The consequence „Ac i i y1“ block ep esen s an addi ion o he wagon o he place o unloading, wha
s anda dly las s 1.5 minu es. Tha is why he block is se o a delay wi h he „Cons an s“ segmen a ion o 1.5
minu es. A he same ime, no o he wagon can be unloaded.
The nex „Ac i i y2“ block ep esen s unloading o aw ma e ials om sepa a e wagons. Unloading o a
whole wagon akes app oxima ely 36 minu es. Tha is why he block is se o a delay wi h he „Cons an s“
segmen a ion o 36 minu es.
The „Ga e2“ block p o ides a check whe he he wagon is al eady ully unloaded in he aw ma e ials
unloading posi ion. I he wagon is no ye ully unloaded, hen he „Ga e2“ block o he wagon will no le i go
he s ands and unloading o aw ma e ials. P o ided he wagon is ully unloaded, he „Ga e2“ block will le he
wagon lea e he anspo sys em ia he „Exi “ block. The „Ga e2“ block is in o med o he ull unloading o
he wagon ia he „Decision“ block p o ided he condi ion be me ha he gi en wagon main ained a leas 9 pcs
o ucks, wha ep esen s a discha ge o one ull wagon.
The „Exi “ block enables he unloaded wagons o lea e he whole examined anspo sys em.
F om he poin o iew o modelling he ac i i y o he oad ca go anspo a ion depending on he need o
loading, d i ing-away and unloading o aw ma e ials on a closely si ua ed aw ma e ials dumping place, a
connec ion o „Selec I em In-Queue2-Ga e3-Ac i i y3-In o ma ion-T anspo 1-Queue3-Ac i i y4-T anspo 2“
blocks ge s on.
The „Selec I em In“ block se es o he secu i y o he posi ion o he incoming ucks in o a queue in
on o he loade o aw ma e ials.
The „Queue2“ block ep esen s a queue o he una ended non-loaded ucks, which wai in a queue o
loading.
The „Ga e3“ block p o ides a check whe he he e is a ailable a wagon wi h accessible aw ma e ials. I
p esen , a wagon is no added, and ucks a e p epa ed o loading, hen he „Ga e3 block will no le he nex
uck go o he a endance, o he loading wi h aw ma e ials. I a wagon wi h aw ma e ials is a ailable, hen he
„Ga e3 block will allow in he nex uck o he loading wi h aw ma e ials.

Ma in S aka, And ea Roso á, Radim Leno , Pe Bes a and Janka Šade o á: P inciples o compu e simula ion design o he needs
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The „Ac i i y3“ block ep esen s loading o he ehicles wi h aw ma e ials om sepa a e wagons. The
loading o one uck las s app oxima ely 4 minu es. Tha is why he block is se o a delay wi h he „Cons an s“
segmen a ion o 4 minu es.
The „In o ma ion“ block se es o he sending in o ma ion abou he se iced ucks ia he connec o „L“
o he „Holding Tank“ block, which consequen ly summa ises he numbe o he se iced ucks, o he needs
o assessmen o he condi ion o he check o wagon unloading.
The „T anspo 1“ block ep esen s a way as a mul i-channel se icing equipmen . I is he way, which has
o be o e come om he s a ion o loading o he en e p ise mine o aw ma e ials. Any numbe o ucks may be
in he way a he same ime. The e a e h ee ucks in ou sys em. The uck will o e come he way by 105
seconds. The e o e he block in he „T a el ime“ i em is se o „Mo e ime“ o 105 seconds.
The „Queue3“ block ep esen s a queue o he una ended non-unloaded ucks, which wai in a queue o
unloading in on o he en e p ise mine o aw ma e ials.
The „Ac i i y4“ block ep esen s unloading, emp ying he ucks in he en e p ise mine o aw ma e ials.
The unloading, emp ying one uck las s app oxima ely 1 minu e. Tha is why he block is se o a delay wi h he
„Cons an s“ segmen a ion o 1 minu e.
The „T anspo 2“ block ep esen s a way as a mul i-channel se icing equipmen . I is he way, which has
o be o e come om he en e p ise mine o aw ma e ials o he s a ion o loading o ucks, i.e. he way back o
he s a ion. Any numbe o ucks may be in he way a he same ime. The uck will o e come he way by he
same ime o 105 seconds. The e o e he block in he „T a el ime“ i em is se o „Mo e ime“ o 105 seconds.
The closu e o he cycle o he ucks is being ealised by he en y connec o o he „Selec I em In“ block.
The p epa ed block scheme o he model o ac i i y o he combined anspo sys em ep esen s an inac i e
pa o he compu e simula ion model i sel . An applica ion o he block scheme in a pa icula simula ion model
comes on, hanks o which he inac i e pa will become an ac i e compu e simula ion sys em. The esul o he
ac i e pa o he ealisa ion o he simula ion model is da a ep esen ing he p esen s a e o ac i i y o he
combined anspo sys em. By modi ica ion o pa ame e s and examina ion o o he e ec s o he c ea ed
simula ion model, i is possible o de ine ecommenda ions and imp o emen s o he ac i i y o he combined
aw ma e ials anspo sys em.
The simula ion model o he combined anspo sys em consis s o blocks (Fig. 3) ep esen ing sepa a e
pa s, ope a ions wi hin he anspo sys em (addi ion, wi hd awal, unloading, loading, anspo a ion). Each
block o he simula ion model has i s own meaning and subs an ia ion. No all ope a ions can be modelled wi h
one co esponding block, bu se e al blocks ha e o be used in a sequence, which co esponds wi h a eal
ac i i y o he combined anspo sys em. No less impo an pa o he en i e simula ion model is he ho ough
se ing o pa ame e s o he simula ion model as i esul s om he analysis, he o malised and block scheme.
Fig. 3. The simula ion model o he combined anspo sys em o he aw ma e ials a ic.
Ac a Mon anis ica Slo aca Volume 23 (2018), numbe 2, 163-174
169
Se ings o he simula ion model o he combined aw ma e ials anspo sys em
To pu blocks on he modelling a ea o a pa icula simula ion sys em is no p oblem. The p oblem is o gi e
a logical sequence o he connec ion o he blocks and se he pa ame e s o he blocks so ha hey co espond
o he eal ac ual sys em.
The „C ea e1 Wagons En y-Queue1-Ga e1“ blocks (Fig. 4), ep esen d i ing-in he wagons wi h he
loaded aw ma e ials. In case o occupa ion o he ailway, a posi ion on which ano he wagon wi h aw
ma e ials is jus being unloaded, he nex incoming wagon will emain in a queue o wai ing o non-unloaded
wagons, ull o aw ma e ials.
Q
WAGONS ENTRY
R L
QUEUE1
#
senso
max
GATE1
Fig. 4. Blocks „C ea e1 Wagons En y-Queue1-Ga e1“.
Fo he p o ision o he en y o he incoming loaded wagons o he eloading place o aw ma e ials, i is
necessa y o se a dis ibu ing unc ion acco ding o he pa ame e s eco ded in he block scheme o he model
(Fig. 5).
Fig. 5. Dialogue o he block „C ea e1-Wagons En y“ and i s se ing acco ding o he equi emen s o he simula ion model.
2304
EXI T
D F
GETTHEWAGON
DF
UNLOADING
demand
AD
GATE2
Fig. 6. Blocks „Ac i i y1 Ge TheWagon-Ac i i y2 Unloading-Ga e2- Exi “ and „Plo e “.
The „Ac i i y1 Ge TheWagon-Ac i i y2 Unloading-Ga e2-Exi “ blocks (Fig. 6) and „Plo e “ which
ep esen s ad addi ion o he wagons, hei unloading, lea ing he sys em and simula ion da a eco ding. The
„Ac i i y2-Unloading“ block ep esen s unloading o he incoming loaded wagons. In he block, i is necessa y
o se pa ame e s o he du a ion o wagons unloading (Fig. 7) acco ding o he analysis and acco ding o he da a
in he block scheme.
Ma in S aka, And ea Roso á, Radim Leno , Pe Bes a and Janka Šade o á: P inciples o compu e simula ion design o he needs
o imp o emen o he aw ma e ials combined anspo sys em
170
Fig. 7. Dialogue o he block „Ac i i y2-Unloading“, which ep esen s he du a ion o he unloading o
he wagons.
Q
LORRIES ENTRY
R L
QUEUE2
SELECT
demand
AD
GATE3
Fig. 8. Blocks „C ea e2 T ucks En y-Selec I em In-Queue2-Ga e3“.
The „C ea e2 T ucks En y-Selec I em In-Queue2-Ga e3“ blocks (Fig. 8) ep esen d i ing-in he ucks
in o he combined anspo sys em. In case o occupa ion o he posi ion o loading o he ucks by ano he
uck, he nex incoming uck will emain in a queue o he wai ing non-loaded ucks.
Fo he p o ision o he en y o he incoming emp y ucks o he eloading place o aw ma e ials, i is
necessa y o se a dis ibu ing unc ion acco ding o he pa ame e s eco ded in he block scheme o he model
(Fig. 9).
Fig. 9. Dialogue o he block „C ea e2-T ucks En y“ and i s se ing acco ding o he equi emen s o he simula ion model.
Ac a Mon anis ica Slo aca Volume 23 (2018), numbe 2, 163-174
171
Q
LORRIES ENTRY
RL
QUEUE2
SELECT
demand
AD
GATE3
Fig. 10. Blocks „Ac i i y3 Loading-In o ma ion“.
The „Ac i i y3 Loading-In o ma ion“ blocks (Fig. 10) which ep esen d i ing-in he ucks, hei loading
and sending in o ma ion abou a numbe o he loaded ucks o he nex pa s o he sys em depending on he
needs o he con ol o he cou se o he simula ion model. In he block, i is necessa y o se pa ame e s o he
du a ion o ucks loading (Fig. 11) acco ding o he analysis and acco ding o he da a in he block scheme.
Fig. 11. Dialogue o he block „Ac i i y3-Loading“, which ep esen s he du a ion o he loading o he ucks.
Fig. 12. Blocks „Ac i i y3 Loading-In o ma ion“.
The „T anspo 1-Queue3-Ac i i y4T ucksUnloading-T anspo 2“ blocks (Fig. 12) which ep esen a
ans e o he loaded ucks o he place o unloading, sequencing he ucks in o a queue o he wai ing non-
unloaded ucks, he ealisa ion o unloading o he ucks and hei e u n o he place o loading wi h he nex
aw ma e ials. In he block, i is necessa y o se pa ame e s o he du a ion o he ans e o he loaded and he
e u n o emp ied ucks („T anspo 1“ and „T anspo 2“) (Fig. 13) as well as he du a ion o unloading o aw
ma e ials in he mines o he company („Ac i i y4T ucksUnloading“) (Fig. 14) acco ding o he analysis and
depending on he da a in he block scheme.
Fig. 13. Dialogue o he blocks „T anspo 1“ and „T anspo 2“, which ep esen o e coming he dis ance.