4 h
4 h In e na ional
In e na ional Zooplank on
Zooplank on
P oduc ion Symposium
P oduc ion Symposium, Hi oshima,
, Hi oshima,
Japan
Japan
May 2007
May 2007
Enzyma ic Regula ion o Zooplank on Respi a ion
*T. T.
*T. T. Packa d
Packa d & **M. G
& **M. Gó
ómez
mez
*Ma ine Science Ins i u e, Ba celona, Spain
*Bigelow Labo a o y o Ocean Sciences, USA
**Ma ine Science Facul y, Uni e sidad de Las
Palmas de G an Cana ia, SPAIN
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ULPGC
ULPGC BLO
S
Me abolic Theo y o Ecology
Me abolic Theo y o Ecology
by B own e al.
by B own e al. Ecology (
Ecology (2004) ;85:1771
2004) ;85:1771-
-1
1789.
789.

Based on me abolism (
Based on me abolism (Kliebe
Kliebe ’
’s
s Law
Law), bu
), bu
applied o g ow h, o de elopmen ime, o
applied o g ow h, o de elopmen ime, o
he ocean, & o many o he biological
he ocean, & o many o he biological
phenomenon.
phenomenon.

Philosophy: Supply
Philosophy: Supply-
-side Economics
side Economics*
*

R = F(Me abolic Dis ibu ion Ne wo ks)
R = F(Me abolic Dis ibu ion Ne wo ks)

R = Deli e y a e o hese ac al ne wo ks
R = Deli e y a e o hese ac al ne wo ks
Me abolic Theo y o Ecology
Me abolic Theo y o Ecology
by B own e al.
by B own e al. Ecology (
Ecology (2004) ;85:1771
2004) ;85:1771-
-1
1789.
789.
R = KoM3/4e-Ea/kT

Pa A:
Pa A: Nu ien
Nu ien dependency
dependency [
[ eac an s
eac an s]
]

Pa B:
Pa B: Biomass
Biomass dependency (
dependency (Kleibe
Kleibe ’
’s
s Law)
Law)
[
[ eac an luxes, eac ion a es
eac an luxes, eac ion a es]
]

Pa C:
Pa C: Tempe a u e
Tempe a u e dependency
dependency
(
(Bol zmann
Bol zmann Fac o ) [
Fac o ) [sys em kine ic ene gy
sys em kine ic ene gy]
]
Why Kleibe ’s Law is co ec .
Zooplank on R &
Zooplank on R & Φ
Φobey
obey Kleibe
Kleibe ’
’s
s Law
Law
Kleibe 's Law
(Zooplank on, 5 phyla)
y = 0,7565x + 0,1757
R2 = 0,9363
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3
Log (D y Weigh )
R = 1.5W0,76
Kleibe 's Law
(Zooplank on, 5 phyla)
y = 0,7913x +
0,5155
R2 = 0,9458
-3
-2
-1
0
1
2
3
-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3
Φ = 3.3W0,79
Log (D y Weigh )
Why he
Why he MTE
MTE is igh .
is igh .
R = (M + T)
R = (M + T)

Biomass, Respi a ion and Nu ien as ( ime)
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
0 5 10 15 20 25 30
TIME (hou s)
Py u a e (x15), P o ein,
& R
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Why
Why Kleibe
Kleibe ’
’s
s Law and he
Law and he MTE
MTE a e w ong.
a e w ong.
Cell P o ein
Respi a ion
Nu ien
The MTE & Kleibe ’s Law can’ p edic espi a ion
unde nu ien limi a ing Condi ions.
R = KoM3/4e-Ea/kT
R = SΦA(e
-Ea/RT )/(Kβ+ S)
Ou al e na i e is based on he ecogni ion:
1. Tha he elec on anspo sys em (ETS) con ols
espi a ion and is a measu e o po en ial espi a ion (Φ).
2. ha mi ochond ial NADH (and NADPH) con ol he
ac i i y o he ETS.
3. and ha Michaelis-Men en kine ics desc ibes he impac
o subs a e ( eac an ) limi a ion on eac ion a es.
Ae-Ea/RT
R = SΦA(e
-Ea/RT )/(Kβ+ S)
In addi ion, we can build on 100
yea s o esea ch by ecognizing
he A henius equa ion’s
e iciency in desc ibing he
empe a u e dependence o
biological as well as chemical a e
p ocesses. No e! Ais necessa y!
A coun e p oposal: A Fi s P inciple Respi a ion Model*
A coun e p oposal: A Fi s P inciple Respi a ion Model*
R = SΦA(e
-Ea/RT )/(Kβ+ S)

Based on:
Based on: espi a o y po en ial
espi a o y po en ial (
(Φ
Φ) as se by
) as se by
he espi a o y elec on anspo sys em.
he espi a o y elec on anspo sys em.

Philosophy: Demand
Philosophy: Demand-
-side
side Economics
Economics*
*

R = (Cellula Demand o ATP)
R = (Cellula Demand o ATP)

R = Deli e y a e o
R = Deli e y a e o e
e-
- o
o Cy
Cy a
a-
-a
a3
3
R = SΦΑ(e-Ea/RT )/(Kβ+ S)
0
25
50
0,00 10,00 20,00 30,00
TIME (hou s)
RESPIRATION
(P edic ed & Measu ed)
Measu ed
Modeled
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A Fi s P inciple Model o Respi a ion
A Fi s P inciple Model o Respi a ion

R = (T). Use he A henius Equa ion, i inco po a es he Bol zmann Fac o !
R = SΦΑ(e-Ea/RT )/(Kβ+ S)
Zooplank on
ba hipelagic Zooplank on
ba hipelagic
Temp (ºC) 1/Temp X 103 (ºK)
POTENTIAL RESPIRATION ( nl O2 h-1 l-1).
LOG e (POTENTI AL RESPIRATION).
16
16
0.20
0.40
0.60
0.80
1.00
1.20
0.00
-4.00
-3.20
-2.40
-1.60
-0.80
0.00
-4.60
0 15 30 45 60 3.0 3.2 3.4 3.6 3.8
Φ= Ae-Ea/RT
Slope = -Ea/R
Ea = 13.2 kcal/mol
CONCLUSION
CONCLUSION

The
The MTE
MTE and
and Kleibe
Kleibe ’
’s
s Law alone can no p edic o
Law alone can no p edic o
explain espi a ion on he small scale.
explain espi a ion on he small scale.

Po en ial espi a ion, subs a e deple ion, and
Po en ial espi a ion, subs a e deple ion, and
Michaelis
Michaelis-
-Men en kine ics can explain and p edic
Men en kine ics can explain and p edic
espi a ion on he
espi a ion on he small scale.
small scale.
Fo all hei help, suppo , and
encou agemen we hank
San iago To esCu belo and Miguel
Alca az.
ULPGC
ULPGC
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
BLO
S
ULPGC
ULPGC
QuickTime™ and a
TIFF (Uncomp essed) decomp esso
a e needed o see his pic u e.
QuickTime™ and a
TIFF (Uncomp essed) decomp esso
a e needed o see his pic u e.
Thanks o you a en ion
Thanks o you a en ion.
.
BLO
S