Re is a de Es udios Andaluces (REA) | Núm. 46, julio (2023) | e-ISSN: 2340-2776
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SUMMARY OF ARTICLE: hTTpS://dx.dOI.ORg/10.12795/REA.2023.I46.07
G ow h and di e si ica ion o uses in ishing po s. The ole o he
Common Fishe ies Policy in Galician po s in he 21s cen u y
Jesús Felicidades-Ga cía
[email p o ec ed] 0000-0002-4194-8768
Uni e sidad de Huel a. Depa amen o de His o ia, Geog a ía y An opología,
Facul ad de Humanidades. 21007 Huel a, España.
Ma ía Ángeles Piñei o-An elo
manx[email p o ec ed] 0000-0002-8837-989X
Ma ía José Piñei a-Man iñán
ma iajose.pinei [email p o ec ed] 0000-0003-3223-2239
Uni e sidad de San iago de Compos ela. Depa amen o de Geog a ía
Facul ad de Geog a ía e His o ia. 15703 San iago de Compos ela, España.
KEYWORdS
Po s
Fishing ac i i ies
Common Fishe ies Policy
Di e si ica ion
Galicia (Spain)
The Eu opean ishe ies sec o , and he Spanish one in pa icula , is hea ily subsidised and subjec o a se
o common ules applicable o all Membe S a es wi h he aim o gua an eeing he sus ainabili y o ishing,
he s abili y and quali y o employmen in he sec o and he conse a ion and eco e y o li ing aqua ic
esou ces (Mil , 2022). Fishing po s ha e been bene i ing om hese CFP unding lines because hey a e
conside ed he i s en y poin in he sea ood ade chain.
Since he end o he 20 h cen u y, a signi ican pa o he Eu opean unds in es ed in ishing po s ha e
been de o ed o imp o ing wo king condi ions and p omo ing hei de elopmen as a dynamic and mod-
e nising elemen o he ac i i ies linked o he sec o . The esul has been he enla gemen o he po a ea
and he imp o emen o i s acili ies. Al hough no all he in es men made in ishing po s comes om
hese Eu opean unds, hei impac mus be conside ed high, especially among small and medium-sized
po s, hose highly specialised in ishing and hose loca ed in a eas wi h high a es o dependence on he
ac i i y –p opo ion o employmen in he sec o and con ibu ion o he local economy (Su ís-Reguei o &
San iago, 2014).
The main objec i e o his esea ch is o examine he impac o public subsidies om he Common
Fishe ies Policy on po in as uc u es a egional le el in Galicia (Spain), analysing he in e es o inancial
ins umen s and unds de i ed om his policy in ela ion o ishing po s, he scope o subsidised measu es,
and he g ow h and di e si ica ion o po su ace a ea and uses since he 1990s. Ano he objec i e o he
pape is o s udy how he unc ional de elopmen o hese po s has in luenced he in e ac ion wi h he
su ounding ci y, in a con ex o loss o weigh o he ishing sec o and he consolida ion o Blue Economy
s a egies.
DOI: h ps://dx.doi.o g/10.12795/ ea.2023.i46.07
Fo ma o de ci a / Ci a ion: Felicidades-Ga cía, J., Piñei o-An elo, M.A., & Piñei a-Man iñán, M.J. (2023). G ow h and di e si ica ion o uses in
ishing po s. The ole o he Common Fishe ies Policy in Galician po s in he 21s cen u y. Re is a de Es udios Andaluces,(46), 144-164.
h ps://dx.doi.o g/10.12795/ ea.2023.i46.07
Co espondencia au o es: [email p o ec ed] (Jesús Felicidades-Ga cía)
Jesús Felicidades-Ga cía e al. / REA N. 46 (2023) 144-164
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© Edi o ial Uni e sidad de Se illa 2023 | Se illa, España| CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 | e-ISSN: 2340-2776 | doi: h ps://dx.doi.o g/10.12795/ ea.2023.i46.07
F om a me hodological poin o iew, his esea ch is de eloped in se e al phases o analyse he epe -
cussions o he implemen a ion o CFP unds on he p ocess o g ow h, equali ica ion and di e si ica ion o
Galician ishing po s. The i s phase o he pape ocused on he analysis o he policies, egula ions and
ac o s in ol ed in he p ocess. In o de o add ess he objec i e o analysing he po en ial o ishe ies aid in
po s, he esea ch explo es he di e en planning and egula o y documen s o EU unds (communica ions,
esolu ions and p og ammes), as well as hose coming om he na ional and egional le els.
In a second s age, he case s udy, cen ed on wo Galician po s (Ribei a and Mu os) has been ca ied
ou wi h a combined quan i a i e and quali a i e analysis, using s a is ical and ca og aphic sou ces. Fo
he ca og aphic ea men o he po in o ma ion, ec o ial geog aphic in o ma ion om he opog aphic
bases o he Na ional Geog aphic Ins i u e o Spain (IGN) and he ca og aphic se ice o he Xun a de
Galicia has been used, as well as images om he Na ional Ae ial O hopho og aphy Plan (PNOA) and o he
pho og amme ic ligh s since 1984, also a ailable a he IGN. All he analysis was ca ied ou using GIS
o he delimi a ion o pe ime e s, buildings and po acili ies and hei quan i ica ion. Subsequen ly, his
pho o-iden i ica ion phase was c oss-checked h ough he DEUP epo s, he exploi a ion o he Spanish
Land Occupa ion da abase (SIOSE, be ween 2005 and 2016), in o ma ion on land co e and land use, and
ield wo k in he wo po s o he s udy. Finally, a de ailed assessmen o he deg ee o e olu ion and ans-
o ma ion o hese in as uc u es and spaces was also ca ied ou using he GIS, which in eg a ed all he
a o emen ioned da a sou ces.
Th ough his pape , he unc ional de elopmen o ishing po s and hei capaci y o di ec ly condi ion
hei u ban en i onmen and hei mo phology and unc ionali y (Hoyle, 1989; Hesse, 2018; Hein, 2021) has
been explo ed in dep h, making isible he co-dependence be ween u ban and po de elopmen . Indeed,
he p ocesses o economic di e si ica ion o a eas adi ionally dependen on ishing ha e hei physical
exp ession in po spaces, and hus in po ci ies and “ ishing places” (U quha & Aco , 2013). The g ow h
and di e si ica ion obse ed in he po s o he s udy is due o a ans e o unc ions in line wi h he so-
cio-p oduc i e es uc u ing encou aged by he EU in ishing and coas al communi ies. This p ocess expe-
ienced by po s and ci ies has led o momen s o mo e o less in ense a ac ion o epulsion p oduced by
he socio-economic ela ions gene a ed be ween hem (Hoyle, 2011), bu in gene al has b oadly enabled
a way o li e ha gene a es a deep- oo ed a achmen o place and builds an ‘iden i y o place’ in coas al
communi ies.
Inc easingly, howe e , he de elopmen o policies a ou ing ci y-po in eg a ion is becoming mo e
p e alen , based on he conside a ion o po s as places ha make ci ies mo e a ac i e o hei inhab-
i an s and isi o s (Má quez, 2022). In he case o ishing po s, hese in eg a ion p ocesses a e s onge , as
hese places ac i ely con ibu e o he sus ainable de elopmen o coas al a eas (Kahkzad & G i i hs, 2016;
U quha & Aco , 2013), and play a key ole in wha Symes & Phillipson (2009) call he ansi ion owa ds a
mo e di e si ied local economy o ishing communi ies.
This is he p ocess ha has been obse ed in he po s o Ribei a and Mu os whe e, wi h public unds, in-
e en ions ha e been inanced ha , mo e o less di ec ly, humanise he po spaces, and de e mine mixed
places o coexis ence be ween po uses and ci izens. In gene al, his dynamic has led o a signi ican in-
c ease in he su ace a ea o almos all he ishing po s in Galicia. Al hough he Galician po geog aphy is
cha ac e ised by i s high “smallholding” and a s ong ishing oca ion, and by cons i u ing a complex po
sys em dedica ed o ishing, a p esen mos po s a e mul i unc ional spaces in which he e is a p og essi e
di e si ica ion- e ia isa ion de i ed om he inco po a ion o nau ical-spo s, ou is and comme cial uses
and no s ic ly po uses.
F om a inancial poin o iew, 73,8 MEUR o public unds (Eu opean, s a e and egional) we e alloca ed in
Galicia be ween 1994 and 2013 o he cons uc ion and expansion o po acili ies, which con ibu ed o an
inc ease in hei acili ies wi hou any medium- e m g ow h in he sec o . In bo h case s udies, he g ow h in
su ace a ea (since 1984 in Mu os by 310 % and in Ribei a by 375 %) and in po acili ies (since 1999 in Mu os
by 240 % and in Ribei a by 175 %) was no suppo ed by he inc ease in he numbe o essels based in he
po , which dec eased conside ably, no by he inc ease in ishing p oduc ion, which eached much mo e
modes alues be ween 2004 and 2021, 5,6 % in he case o Ribei a and 15 % in he case o Mu os.
Jesús Felicidades-Ga cía e al. / REA N. 46 (2023) 144-164
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© Edi o ial Uni e sidad de Se illa 2023 | Se illa, España| CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 | e-ISSN: 2340-2776 | doi: h ps://dx.doi.o g/10.12795/ ea.2023.i46.07
Funds om he CFP inancial ins umen s imp o ed po se ices in gene al. Howe e , he in es men s
wen hand in hand wi h a p ocess o educ ion o he ishing lee and we e no suppo ed by a de ined
g ow h s a egy acco ding o he expec a ions o he sec o , bu we e a ou ed by he s ong a ailabili y o
public subsidies coming, among o he s, om he Eu opean CFP unds. In his sense, he au ho s conside
ha an oppo uni y has been missed o o ganise, om a egional app oach, he se ices a ailable in he
po s o hei specialisa ion, which would ha e con ibu ed o imp o ing hei compe i i eness and o a-
ou ing he de elopmen o sus ainable ishing, bo h in he small-scale and indus ial ishing segmen s,
bo h in Eu opean and in e na ional ishing g ounds.
On he o he hand, i is also a missed oppo uni y no o ha e a icula ed un il now mechanisms o in e-
g a ion be ween he planning o po a eas and he e i o ial and u ban planning ha a ec s abo e all he
po umland. In his espec , he e is a lack o p ojec s o encou age he c ea ion o go e nance s uc u es
a local le el o acili a e coo dina ed decision-making. The challenge o ishe ies policy is he e o e o
implemen a sec o al policy om a e i o ial pe spec i e wi h an emphasis on local de elopmen . Policy
s a egies o ishe ies equi e a s ong commi men o a ishe ies sec o and i s po s ha a e placed a
he hea o he local (blue) economy. Indeed, secu ing ishing ac i i ies is he basis o he di e si ica ion o
ishing po s.