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Accesibilidad y turismo ¿Un binomino posible en cualquier recurso patrimonial? El caso de los mercados de abastos

Abstract

La discapacidad como variable no depende exclusivamente de la persona que la padece, sino también del ambiente y organización social en la que vive y en el caso turístico del entorno que va a visitar (Bieles, 2008). En los destinos maduros la adaptación está siendo lenta y no se da siempre del mismo modo en todas las infraestructuras y recursos turísticos del destino que se visita. En estas últimas décadas los mercados de abastos se han añadido como un recurso más a ser visitado por los turistas, pero, ¿puede todos los turistas visitarlos? Uno de los objetivos principales en el ámbito turístico radica en dotar a las infraestructuras y a los recursos patrimoniales de las estructuras necesarias para poder ejercer el derecho de “turismo para todos”. En este estudio se han escogido dos ciudades: Barcelona y Palma de Mallorca y sus mercados de abastos. El objetivo es poder entender cómo se convierten en recursos turísticos y ver si la premisa “turismo para todos” también se cumple en estos espacios pensados inicialmente como elementos funcionales y que sirven actualmente como un aporte patrimonial turístico más en las ciudades.

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Accesibilidad y turismo ¿Un binomino posible en cualquier recurso patrimonial? El caso de los mercados de abastos

Author: Abril Sellarés, María; Domínguez Pérez, Marta; Sánchez Fernández, María Dolores; Azpelicueta Vallbona, Montserrat
Publisher: Facultad de Turismo y Finanzas
Year: 2015
Source: https://idus.us.es/bitstreams/ce70c9a6-e990-4fa4-8a87-bd78756c3a9f/download
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