Mi iga ions isk o adema k igh s law as c edi
bank gua an ee
EL DERECHO DE MARCA COMERCIAL COMO GARANTÍA DE CRÉDITO BANCA-
RIO PARA LA REDUCCIÓN DEL RIESGO
T isadini P asas inah Usan i
Uni e si y o Ai langga
isadinip asas [email protected]
Recibido: 13 de mayo de 2020 | Acep ado: 19 de junio de 2020
Анотація Ключові слова
Зусилля щодо мінімізації юридичного ризику щодо гарантій торгових
марок у банківській практиці шляхом проведення професійного ана-
лізу брендів. Головне, що робиться банком, - це визначити, чи відпові-
дають права на марку юридичним та економічним вимогам як гарантії,
а важливим є накладення досконалих закладів застави або довірених
осіб, то це призводить до того, що майнові права народжуються та банк
має місце проживання як кращий кредитор. Аналіз гарантії - це зусилля
банку щодо запобігання такому юридичному ризику, як слабкість альян-
су до тих пір, поки не будуть виконані договірні умови чи не доскона-
лі зобов›язання щодо застави, навіть скасування сертифікату торгової
марки. Якщо це не буде пом’якшене, це завдасть шкоди позиції банку як
кредитора, оскільки банк розташований лише як супутній кредитор.
юридичний ризик
гарантія торговельної
марки
гарантія
банк
ABSTRACT KEYWORDS
The E o s o minimize legal isk o e b and ce i ica e gua an ees in ban-
king p ac ices by conduc ing a p o essional analysis o b ands. The main
hing ha is done by he bank is o iden i y whe he he igh s o he ma k
mee he legal and economic equi emen s as a gua an ee and he impo -
an is imposi ion o pe ec pawn colla e al ins i u ions o iducia ies hen
i cause he p ope y igh s is bo n and bank domiciled as a p e e ed c e-
di o . The analysis on gua an ee is he bank e o o wa d o legal isk such
as weakness o he alliance un il no ul illed he con ac ual e ms o no
pe ec o colla e al binding e en he cancella ion o he b and ce i ica e.
I his is no mi iga ed, i will be de imen al o he posi ion o he bank as a
c edi o because he bank is only loca ed as a concu en c edi o .
Legal Risk
T adema k gua an ee
Gua an ee
Bank
IUS ET SCIENTIA
2020 • Vol. 6 • Nº 1 • ISNN 2444-8478
h ps://edi o ial.us.es/es/ e is as/ius-e -scien ia
h ps://dx.doi.o g/10.12795/IETSCIENTIA • © Edi o ial Uni e sidad de Se illa 2020
CC BY-NC-ND 4.0.
h ps://doi.o g/10.12795/IESTSCIENTIA.2020.i01.04 • pp. 32 - 41
1. INTRODUCTION
C edi om he bank balance shee asse s is he la ges po ion o ope a ional unds
bu a he same ime i is he la ges business isk sou ces. C edi p oblem and e en
bad c edi a e a p oblem o banks, because he exis ence o c edi p oblem is no only
dec ease he bank incomes bu dec ease he p o i because each c edi is ca ego ized
as p oblem c edi so he obliga ion o bank is o make he P o ision o Loan Losses
(PPKA) (P esiden Republik Indonesia, 2019)1, his condi ion in he end can des abilize
he bank and e en ually de imen al o deposi o s. The e o e, in (Bank Indonesia, 1992)
A icle 2 Cons i u ions Numbe 7/1992 junc o Cons i u ions Numbe 10/1998 ega ding
o Banks (Banks Cons i u ions) egula ed ha Indonesian Banking in doing business
based on economic democ acy wi h using he p ecau iona y p inciple. The applica ion
o he p ecau iona y p inciple aims o he bank always in s able condi ion, always in he
condi ions o liquid, sol en and p o i able. The applica ion o he p ecau iona y p inci-
ple is expec ed so ha he le el o public us h ough he Banks always high un il he
ci izen is eady and no hesi a ion in deposi ing unds in he bank (Sjadeini, 1994).
One o he e o s made by banks in minimizing c edi isk is by conduc ing c edi
analysis. The c edi analysis is he p e en i e o which mus be done by he bank ca e-
ully and deeply because can play a ole as i s il e in sha ia bank e o o wa d o he
dange o p oblem c edi . The c edi analysis ac i i y aims o assess he will and abili y
om p ospec i e ecipien s o c edi acili ies in ul illing he achie emen s in acco d-
ance wi h he clause in c edi ag eemen . Based on he esul s o he assessmen hen
he bank can es ima es he le el o isk bank i ag eed hose c edi .
One o he assessmen in c edi analysis conduc ed by bank is by assessing objec s
o be submi ed by deb o cus ome as gua an ee objec . The exis ence o Gua an ee
(colla e al) o c edi conside ed impo an e en hough i canno be said o be abso-
lu e. Realizing in Cons i u ion o Banks as con i ed in A icle 8 ha he i s hing o no e
is bank con idence in he abili y and abili y o deb o cus ome s o pay he c edi un il
he gua an ee is no become he main equi emen in g an ing c edi e en ough he
exi ence o colla e al will be impo an i he e is a p oblem c edi . Then i he bank eels
con iden abou he abili y and capbili y o he deb o cus ome , he gua an ee is a
o m o goods, p ojec o he bill igh s inanced wi h he conce ned c edi .
One hing ha possible becomes he gua an ee objec in he o m o In ellec ual
P ope y Righ s (HKI), which is in ol ed he adema k igh s, copy igh , pa en , ade
sec e , indus ial design and in eg a ed ci cui layou design, besides he gua an ees
commonly ecei ed by banks, which is land igh s, he mo o ehicle, machine, gold, e-
cei ables o claim igh s. One o he HKI ha has been accep ed as gua an ee objec o
con en ional bank as well as o sya ia bank is adema k igh s al hough only accep ed
a Banks o BNI Company (pe se o) and Bank Muamala Indonesia, as has been done by
1. BERDASARKAN, P., Pe a u an o o i as Jasa Keuangan Nomo 40/POJK.03/2019 en ang Penila-
ian Kuali as Ase Bank Umum.
IUS ET SCIENTIA • 2020
Vol. 6 • Nº 1 • pp. 32 - 41
ISNN 2444-8478 • h ps://doi.o g/10.12795/IESTSCIENTIA.2020.i01.04
Mi iga ions isk o adema k igh s law as c edi bank gua an ee
T isadini P asas inah Usan i
33
S i Mulyani and in he esea ch ha I ha e done (Usan i, 2017). The land se ice has been
ca ied ou h ough a ious ac i i ies using compu e s, s a s om he in o ma ion un il
he las esul p oduc in he o m o dec ee o eehold i le (Widodo e al., 2019).
The adema k igh is accep as objec o colla e al bo h on con en ional banks as
well as o sha ia banks i he adema k igh s has been egis e ed in Gene al Regis e
a he Di ec o a e Gene al o In ellec ual P ope y (DJKI) wi h p o en b and ce i ica e.
Bu , he exis ence o a adema k ce i ica e does no gua an ee he bank will be sa e
because i is possible o he ma k o be canceled. When ha happens, he bank is clea ly
e y disad an aged because wi h he cancella ion o he b and esul s in he gua an ee
ag eemen being dele ed and impac on he posi ion o he bank as a c edi o . Based on
he desc ip ions abo e hen he p oblem will be analyze is mi iga ion isk conduc ed by
he bank on he objec o colla e al igh s o he b and.
2. METHODOLOGY
This s udy is using no ma i e me hod wi h using s a u o y and concep ual app oach.
This s udy aims o analyze he mi iga ion isk on objec gua an ee in he o m o ade-
ma k igh s ha conduc ed by bank. The legal ma e ial used is p ima y legal ma e ial,
which is Bu ge lijk We boek (BW), he Cons i u ions Numbe 20/2016 (P esiden Repub-
lik Indonesia, 2016) abou B ands and Geog aphic indica ion, he Cons i u ion o Banks,
(P esiden Republik Indonesia, 1999) The Cons i u ion Numbe 42/1999 abou he Fidu-
cia y Gua an ee and Implemen ing he Regula ion. The seconda y legal ma e ial is in
he o m o books, jou nal, esea ch epo , and a icle.
3. RISK ON THE TRADEMARK RIGHTS AS GUARANTEE OBJECT
As s a ed be o e ha he e o o ac i i y ha conduc ed by banks a e ull o isks, banks
a e equi ed o manage hose isks. Acco ding o B aman o Djohanopu o ha isk is
o en said o be unce ain y, unce ain y is o en in e p e ed by a si ua ion wi h se e al
possible e en and each e en will cause a di e en esul s. Bu , he le el o p obabili y
and p obabili y o he e en i sel is no known in quan i a i ely. While he basic unde -
s anding o isk is ela ed o he unce ain y measu ed quan i a i ely (Djohanopu o,
2006). In he ealm o Ci il Law he e a e eachings abou isk ( isico lee ) which eaches
ha isk is an unexpec ed e ec . In o he wo ds, in he law con ex hen he isk con-
ains nuances o legal unce ain y (Janua i a, 2020).2
The meaning o isk based on he A icle 1 poin 2 Financial Se ices Au ho i y Reg-
ula ions Numbe (P esiden Republik Indonesia, 2019)18/POJK.03/2016 abou Applica-
ion o Risk Managemen o Comme cial Banks (POJK 18/2016) is loss po en ial cause
occu ing he ce ain e en . While in Dic iona y o Banks, he meaning o isk is he le el
2. RATNA JANUARITA, R., h ps://c msindonesia.o g/publica ions/mengenai- isiko-hukum/
IUS ET SCIENTIA • 2020
Vol. 6 • Nº 1 • pp. 32 - 41
ISNN 2444-8478 • h ps://doi.o g/10.12795/IESTSCIENTIA.2020.i01.04
Mi iga ions isk o adema k igh s law as c edi bank gua an ee
T isadini P asas inah Usan i
34
o possible losses ha mus be bo ne in he p o ision o c edi , in es men o ano he
ansac ion i can be o m o weal h, losing p o i o ano he economic abili y because a
change in in e es a es, go e nmen policy and business ailu e ( isk).3 The e o e, bank
mus apply isk managemen in e ec i ely. E o s o apply managemen Risk is no
only in ended o he bene i o bank bu i is also o cus ome in e es and in he o -
de o isk con ol is in o ma ion anspa ency ela ed wi h he p oduc o Bank ac i i-
ies. One isk ha mus managed by banks is ela ed o objec gua an ee o adema k
igh s is legal isk. The meaning o legal isk based on POJK 18/2016 is legal isk appea
which because lack o suppo ing cons i u ions o bound weakness such as he con-
ac ’s legal equi emen s a e no ul illed o no pe ec he binding o colla e al. Based
on Black’s Law Dic iona y means wi h he legal isk is: Po en ial a ec in deb se ice o
loan eco e y as a p obabili y caused by a de ec in loan documen a ion (The Law Dic-
iona y, 2020).4
Binding weakness such as he con ac ’s legal equi emen s a e no ul illed as
s ipula ed in A icle 1320 BW, which is i no ul illing he subjec i e equi emen ,
such as ag eemen elemen and p o iciency hen he ag eemen can be cancelled
( e nie ig baa ) while i he objec i e equi emen a e no ul illed, i is ela ed wi h
he elemen o objec and cause is allowed hen he ag eemen is cancelled (nie ig).
I he c edi ag eemen as main ag eemen cancel hen he gua an ee o ag eemen
as accessoi e/addi ional ag eemen is cancelled. Realizing he exis ence o he ag ee-
men gua an ee depend on he basic ag eemen , which is c edi ag eemen . I he
gua an ees o ag eemen cancel hen esul ing in he posi ion o he bank only as a
concu en c edi o , which is c edi o is only gua an eed by he gene al gua an ee as
s ipula ed in A icle 1131 BW.
Legal isk can cause i binding o ag eemen is no pe ec . I he b and has no been
egis e ed so he e is no b and ce i ica e and i he bank accep as gua an ee he binding
o gua an ee is no pe ec because he B and ce i ica e is he p oo o owne ship on
hose b ands. In b and ce i ica e includes:
a) Name and Full Add ess o egis e ed adema k owne
b) Name and Full Add ess o he Powe o A o ney, in he case o an Applica ion
h ough a P oxy
c) Receip da e
d) The coun y name and he eceip da e o he applica ion o he i s ime in he
case o an applica ion being iled using P io i y Righ s
e) B and Labels ha a e egis e ed, including in o ma ion on he kinds o colo s i
he B ands use colo elemen s, and i he B ands use a o eign language, le e s
o he han La in le e s, and/o numbe s ha a e no commonly used in Indone-
3. h ps://www.bi.go.id/id/Kamus.aspx access da e: 30 Janua y 2020.
4. h ps:// helawdic iona y.o g/, diakses pada anggal 30 Janua i 2020.
IUS ET SCIENTIA • 2020
Vol. 6 • Nº 1 • pp. 32 - 41
ISNN 2444-8478 • h ps://doi.o g/10.12795/IESTSCIENTIA.2020.i01.04
Mi iga ions isk o adema k igh s law as c edi bank gua an ee
T isadini P asas inah Usan i
35
sian accompanied by ansla ions in Indonesian, La in le e s and numbe s ha
a e commonly used in Indonesian and how o p onounce hem in La in spelling
) Numbe and egis e ed da e
g) Class and ypes o goods and/o se ices whose ma ks a e lis ed; and
h) The pe iod o alidi y o a T adema k egis a ion.
The o he legal isk is he exis ence o he cancella ion o he b and aken by one
o he pa ies o sea ch and emo e he egis a ion exis ence om a b and o Gene al
B and Lis o exis ence in alida es igh s based on b and ce i ica es. In gene al, he
pa y belie es ha he has been ha med by he egis a ion so ha he may submi a
cancella ion pe i ion (Can ika, 2018). The claim o cancella ion o a egis e ed b and
is submi ed o he Comme cial Cou by an in e es ed pa y based on he based on
easons as egula ed in (P esiden Republik Indonesia, 2016) A icle 20 and/o A icle 21
o he T adema k and Geog aphical Indica ions Law. The b and owne is no egis e ed
5 can ile a lawsui a e submi ing an applica ion o he minis e . The claim o cancel-
la ion o a egis e ed b and can only be submi ed wi hin a pe iod o 5 ( i e) yea s om
he da e o adema k egis a ion. Cancella ions can be iled inde ini ely i he e is an
elemen o bad ai h and/o The B and conce ned is agains he ideology o he s a e,
Laws and egula ion, Mo ali y, eligion, decency, and gene al o de . Comme cial Cou
Decision on he cancella ion can be submi ed a cassa ion. The b and cancella ions
cause he b and c ossed ou in Gene al B and Lis and b and ce i ica e become is no
longe alid. I he b and ce i ica e is no longe alid again hen he gua an ee ag ee-
men s become emo ed ealizing he gua an ee objec was conside ed des oyed. As
a esul o he law he bank is no longe posi ioned as a p e e ed c edi o bu changed
as a concu en c edi o .
4. MITIGATION RISK BY BANK
The E o s o minimize legal isk ha mus be ca ied ou by banks on colla e al objec s
in he o m o igh s o b ands is conduc an analysis o colla e al objec s. The main
hing o do is o iden i y whe he he igh s o he ma k mee he legal and economic
equi emen s as colla e al: (Usan i, T isadini P asas inah, 2017).
1. P e e ed T adema k igh s a e owned by he po en ial Deb o cus ome , i he
hi d pa y owned hen owne ship mus be ensu ed.
2. T adema k igh s a e no in dispu es because i is possible ha b and ce i ica es
can be canceled, making i isky o banks.
5. MENURUT PENJELASAN, P., Me ek dan Indikasi Geog a is yang dimaksud dengan pemilik me ek
yang idak e da a an a a lain pemilik me ek yang be i ikad baik e api idak e da a a au pemilik
me ek e kenal e api me eknya idak e da a .
IUS ET SCIENTIA • 2020
Vol. 6 • Nº 1 • pp. 32 - 41
ISNN 2444-8478 • h ps://doi.o g/10.12795/IESTSCIENTIA.2020.i01.04
Mi iga ions isk o adema k igh s law as c edi bank gua an ee
T isadini P asas inah Usan i
36

3. T adema k igh s a e accep ed as gua an ee objec i he adema k igh s a e e-
gis e ed T adema k igh s in Gene al Regis e o T adema k Righ s in Di ec o a e
Gene al o In ellec ual P ope y Minis y o Law and Human Righ s Republic o
Indonesia wi h e idenced he exis ence o a B and Ce i ica e.
4. Bank mus no ice he pe iod o p o ec ion o adema k igh s, because he le-
gal p o ec ion on T adema k Righ s is egis e ed o 10 yea s om he da e o
eceip . As example: eceip da e o he applica ion o egis a ion o T adema k
Righ is 1 May 2019 hen he p o ec ion will apply un il 1 May 2029. The pe iod
o p o ec ion o adema k igh s can be ex ended e e y 10 yea s con inuously
as long as he adema k igh s conce ned a e s ill in used in he goods and se -
ices as lis ed T adema k Ce i ica e and goods o he se ice is s ill in p oduc-
ion and/o aded. I i is no used and no longe p oduced and/o aded, he
applica ion will be ejec ed. The holde o T adema k igh s can al eady apply
o an ex ension o T adema k Righ s om 6 (six) mon h be o e he end o he
T adema k igh s p o ec ion pe iod is egis e ed and applica ions o ex ension
can s ill be submi ed no la e han 6 (six) mon hs a e he end o he T adema k
Righ s p o ec ion pe iod. This p o isions means he owne o T adema k Righ s
i is no easy o lose he T adema k Righ as a esul o he delay in submi ing an
ex ension o egis a ion o he T adema k Righ .
5. Banks mus eques he inancial s a emen s o he company which owns he i-
gh s o he adema k o know whe he he igh s o he b and ha e alue o no .
6. Banks conside ing ha he T adema k Righ is T adema k Righ ha has a good
epu a ion and has a ma ke sha e.
7. Economic alue in adema k igh mus be s able and i will be be e i i
inc eases.
8. Especially o Sha ia Bank, ha e o make su e ha T adema k Righ s om halal
p oduc s no om illegi ima e p oduc s.
9. The T adema k igh is ee and is no being gua an eed by ano he pa y.
I is al eady ul ill he Ju idical equi emen and economic hen he impo an hing
mus do by bank is bu den i wi h he gua an ee agency. The gua an ee agency is pos-
sibly o bu den is iducia y gua an ee agency o mo gage insu ance agency (Usan i,
T isadini P asas inah dan Sil ia, 2018). As in Bank o BNI Company (Pe se o) is using idu-
cia y gua an ee agency while mo gage insu e agency used by Bank Muamala Indone-
sia. Gua an ee bu den on adema k igh become e y impo an ealizing he posi ion
o he bank as a c edi o is de e mined by he imposi ion o a pe ec gua an ee. The
meaning o pe ec is he gua an ee bu den cause he goods igh bo n un il he bank
posi ion as p e e ence c edi o . This hing can be illus a e in he able 1.
Be ween he pe ec bu dens hen needed o p epa ed clause in a pawning and
iducia y gua an ee ag eemen o p o ide legal p o ec ion o banks as c edi o s. Fo
example, he minimum equi emen s con ained in a pawn ag eemen a e as ollows:
(Usan i, 2017).
IUS ET SCIENTIA • 2020
Vol. 6 • Nº 1 • pp. 32 - 41
ISNN 2444-8478 • h ps://doi.o g/10.12795/IESTSCIENTIA.2020.i01.04
Mi iga ions isk o adema k igh s law as c edi bank gua an ee
T isadini P asas inah Usan i
37
—In connec ion wi h using o T adema k Righ by pawnb oke , ha while wanp es-
asie (b each o con ac ) is no happen and discon inue o pawnb oke ha e
he igh o use he en i e igh in connec ion wi h he T adema k Righ in con-
nec ion wi h he hi d and gi es he igh o he hi d pa y o use T adema k
Righ as con ained in he T adema k Righ s ce i ica es.
—Rela ed wi h bene i s and sha es. As long as he e is no b each o p omise he
pawnb oke has he igh o ecei e and main ain any and all o he p o i s and
sha es paid in connec ion wi h he T adema k Righ . A e b each o p omises
hen he en i e igh s om pawnb oke o g an s hi d-pa y name usage igh s
and o he di isions cease o exis and a e ha all such igh s o mo gagee.
The mo gagee has soli ai e igh o ecei e and main ain o he T adema k Ri-
gh and p o i sha ing.
—In connec ion wi h a p ohibi ion ha mus be obeyed by he pawnb oke . Tha
pawnb oke no ans e o bu dening is pe mi ed o T adema k Righ in any
o m. Pawnb oke is p ohibi ing using T adema k Righ wi h which a e con a y
o he in e es s o he pawn ecipien .
—Clause ela ed he sol ing lawsui . In he e en o inju y o he pledge ecipien
o he ex en pe mi ed by applicable law can ake all ac ions ha in his own
decision a e deemed necessa y o p o ec each o his igh s unde his ag ee-
men , including bu no limi ed o selling, ans e ing, ans e ing o o he wise
submi ing any pa o he b and ce i ica e h ough di ec sales, auc ion sales
o h ough any o he me hod pe mi ed by applicable condi ions.
T adema k egis a ion in Indonesia in p ac ice, using cons i u i e sys em. In his sys-
em, he egis an mus egis e he b and o ge p o ec ion. This sys em is also known
as Fi s o File sys em. This sys em con i m ha he i s man who egis e he b and
hen he has he igh on he b and. Indonesia adhe e o b and egis e cons i u i e sys-
em, he p o ec ion o amous b and which no egis e ed in Indonesia will s ill ge he
p o ec ion, because Indonesia is al eady a i y Pa is Con en ion and TRIPS Ag eemen .
Applica ion o he p inciple o i s o ile is conside ed o be able o c ea e:
1. Legal ce ain y o condi ion who ac ually owns he mos impo an b and o be
p o ec ed.
2. The p oo o legal ce ain y, because only based on he ac o egis e om b and
ce i ica e. Regis e o b and ce i ica e become he only one p oo om p ima y
e idence.
3. Achie e alleged law who he b and owne is mos en i led o wi h ce ain y, no
cause he con o e sial be ween he i s egis e and i s use (No ian i, 2017).6
6. NOVIANTI, Pe lindungan Hukum Pemegang me ek e kenal dalam Pe spek i Pa is Co en ion
dan Undang-Undang Me ek, h ps://be kas.dp .go.id/pusli / iles/buku_ im/buku- im-public-80.pd .
Diakses pada anggal 31 Janua i 2020.
IUS ET SCIENTIA • 2020
Vol. 6 • Nº 1 • pp. 32 - 41
ISNN 2444-8478 • h ps://doi.o g/10.12795/IESTSCIENTIA.2020.i01.04
Mi iga ions isk o adema k igh s law as c edi bank gua an ee
T isadini P asas inah Usan i
38
The owne o b and egis e ha e exclusi e igh s o p e en all he hi d pa y is no
ha e he pe mission o use in ading ac i i ies, he same signs, o goods o se ice
which in iden ical o simila , wi h he good o se ice on which he egis e ed o ade
b and whe e he using will cause con usion (Djuwi yas u i, dan Ahmad, 2019). I was
s a ed by Nis ina A ikah ha : (A ikah, 2019).
In Indonesia, egis e ed adema k owne has exclusi e igh o use hei adema k
and gi e pe mission o ano he pa y o use hei adema k. Based on TRIPS Ag ee-
men is a i med ha egis e ed adema k owne has exclusi e igh o p e en hi d
pa y who does no ha e he owne pe mission, o use i on ading ac i i y, signs
which ha e simila i y, o he same commodi y o se ice o simila wi h commodi y o
se ice on egis e ed adema k, whe e i mus be p edic ed be o e ha is usage can
cause a like hood o con usion. I a adema k is ag eed o be egis e ed, hen egis e ed
adema k owne has exclusi e igh o use ha egis e ed adema k. The e a e wo
sys ems which a e belie ed in adema k egis a ion which a e decla a i e sys em and
cons i u i e sys em (a ibu i e).
Beside i he e is some ad an age om b and p o ec ion, which is: (No ian i, 2017)7
1. The B ands can p oduc income o company om license, selling, comme ciali-
za ion om he p o ec ion o he b and.
2. The b ands can inc ease alues o gua an ee in he eye o in es o and inancial
ins i u ion.
3. In selling o me ge asse b and can inc ease he company alue in signi ican .
4. The b and inc eases he pe o mance and compe i i eness.
5. Wi h b and egis e is help he p o ec ion and en o cemen o i s igh s
The exis ence o b and as gua an ee and he impo an meaning o minimize he
isk on gua an ee objec in he o m o adema k igh mus conce n by c edi p o ide ,
as s a ed by (Nguyen, Xuan-Thao and Hile, 2018)8:
T adema ks ha e an illus ious his o y o se ing as colla e al in inancing deals o
business. A company in need o inancing as a back as in he a ea o cha el mo ga-
ge could include adema ks in he mo gage g an o a loan. Then, i he company
ailed o epay he loan o mee i s obliga ions unde he mo gage ag eemen , he
mo gagee would employ an agen o succeed o he mo gago ’s business; i was he
only way o o eclose on he adema k colla e al. Much has changed in he inancing
landscape whe e adema ks a e pa o he colla e al. One hing ha does no change,
howe e , is he c edi o s wan ing o educe hei isks.
7. NOVIANTI, Pe lindungan Hukum Pemegang me ek e kenal dalam Pe spek i Pa is Co en ion
dan Undang-Undang Me ek, h ps://be kas.dp .go.id/pusli / iles/buku_ im/buku- im-public-80.pd .
diakses pada anggal 31 Janua i 2020.
8. NOVIANTI, Pe lindungan Hukum Pemegang me ek e kenal dalam Pe spek i Pa is Co en ion
dan Undang-Undang Me ek, h ps://be kas.dp .go.id/pusli / iles/buku_ im/buku- im-public-80.pd .
diakses pada anggal 31 Janua i 2020.
IUS ET SCIENTIA • 2020
Vol. 6 • Nº 1 • pp. 32 - 41
ISNN 2444-8478 • h ps://doi.o g/10.12795/IESTSCIENTIA.2020.i01.04
Mi iga ions isk o adema k igh s law as c edi bank gua an ee
T isadini P asas inah Usan i
39
Acco ding o Debo ah Sch ey Ru , Maye B own & Pla and as quo ed by S i Muly-
ani ha he use o adema ks as a colla e al o sa e inancing has become a dancing
choice o bo owe s. The ade b and as pa o HKI ecognized mo e in e es ing a he
han he kind o he o he gua an ee because he c edi isk is lowe and o en ade-
ma k gua an ee ag eemen s will allow bo owe s o secu e inancing wi hou he need
o change hei capi al s uc u e (Mulyani, 2012).
CONCLUSION
The adema k igh is al eady accep ing o con en ional banks o sha ia banks as gua -
an ee objec . Bu , bank mus an icipa e he legal isk which possible appea ed om he
b and, such as binding o p incipal ag eemen ha which does no ul ill he condi ions
o he alidi y o he ag eemen o he colla e al ag eemen which is no pe ec he
binding, e en on he b and ce i ica es is possibly o be cancel. When hose occu i will
ha m he bank as a c edi o because he bank’s posi ion is no as a p e e ed c edi o bu
only as a concu en c edi o .
REFERENCES
A ikah, N. (2019) ‘Pie e Ca din T adema k Dispu e’, Mulawa man Law Re iew. doi: 10.30872/
mul e . 4i1.51.
Bank Indonesia (1992) Undang-Undang Nomo 7 Tahun 1992 Ten ang Pe bankan, Bank Indonesia.
Can ika, D. P. (2018) ‘Pemba alan Hak Me ek Yang Telah Dijadikan Jaminan Fidusia’, Ju nal Yu-
idis, 5(1), p. 7. doi: 10.35586/. 5i1.314.
Djohanopu o, B. (2006) Manajemen Risiko Te in eg asi. Jaka a: PPM.
Djuwi yas u i, dan Ahmad, F. (2019) ‘Kajian Yu idis Sengke a Keabsahan Logo sebagai Sebuah
Me ek dan Hak Cip a’, Ju nal P i a Law, VII(1), p. 90.
Janua i a, R. (2020) Mengenai Risiko Hukum, CRMS Cen e o Risk Managemen & Sus ainabili y.
A ailable a : h ps://c msindonesia.o g/publica ions/mengenai- isiko-hukum/ (Accessed:
30 Janua y 2020).
Mulyani, S. (2012) ‘PENGEMBANGAN HAK KEKAYAAN INTELEKTUAL SEBAGAI COLLATERAL
(AGUNAN) UNTUK MENDAPATKAN KREDIT PERBANKAN DI INDONESIA’, Ju nal Dinamika
Hukum, 12(3), p. 571. doi: 10.20884/1.jdh.2012.12.3.128.
Nguyen, Xuan-Thao and Hile, E. D. (2018) ‘The Puzzle in inancing wi h adema k colla e al’,
Hous on law e iew / Uni e si y o Hous on.
No ian i (2017) Pe lindungan Hukum Pemegang me ek e kenal dalam Pe spek i Pa is Co en ion
dan Undang-Undang Me ek. Jaka a: Yayasan Pus aka Obo Indonesia. A ailable a : h ps://
be kas.dp .go.id/pusli / iles/buku_ im/buku- im-public-80.pd .
P esiden Republik Indonesia (1999) Undang-Undang Nomo 42 Tahun 1999 Ten ang Jaminan
Fidusia (Lemba an Nega a Republik Indonesia Tahun 1999 Nomo 168, Tambahan Lemba an
Nega a Republik Indonesia Nomo 3889).
IUS ET SCIENTIA • 2020
Vol. 6 • Nº 1 • pp. 32 - 41
ISNN 2444-8478 • h ps://doi.o g/10.12795/IESTSCIENTIA.2020.i01.04
Mi iga ions isk o adema k igh s law as c edi bank gua an ee
T isadini P asas inah Usan i
40