M
Medi e anean Ch onicle
Fo me Edi o s in Chie
† Spy os Asoni is (Ionian Uni e si y)
†Al onso Leone (Uni e si à Fede ico II, Napoli)
Edi o
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Giuseppe Gilibe i (Uni e si à di U bino “Ca lo
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Nick Gonis (UCL)
Gelina Ha la is (Ionian Uni e si y)
Nicolas Ka apidakis (Ionian Uni e si y)
A nd Ke khecke (Ins i u ü Klassische
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Masako Kido (Kyo i su Uni e si y, Tokyo)
Liana Lomien o (Uni e si à di U bino "Ca lo Bo")
Dominique Mulliez (Uni e si é de Lille III)
Ge assimos Pag a is (Uni e si y o A hens)
Theodo os Pappas (Ionian Uni e si y)
Susan Shapi o (U ah S a e Uni e si y)
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Spy idon Tzounakas (Uni e si y o Cyp us)
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Medi e anean Ch onicle
A jou nal on cul u e/s in he Medi e anean
Wo ld
h p://www.medi e aneanch onicle.o g/
ISSN 1791-9266
Volume 7
Co u 2017
Medi e anean Ch onicle is an in e na ional
e e eed jou nal, wo king unde he aegis o
Ionian Uni e si y.
MC aims a p omo ing a discussion on cul u e/s
in he Medi e anean wo ld ocusing on he
G eek and Roman wo lds (Medie al-Byzan ine
cul u e will also be included). Pape s ha will
p esen con ibu ions in all he ields o
Humani ies conce ning Medi e anean
ci iliza ion will be published.
MC will be published p o isionally as one
olume pe yea .
Con ibu ions a e welcome in one o he
ollowing languages: I alian, G eek, F ench,
English, Po uguese, Spanish o Ge man.
All a icles should be accompanied by an
abs ac o abou 200 wo ds.
Topics: Humani ies, His o y, A chaeology,
Classical Philology.
La p esen e pubblicazione è s a a ealizza a
con il con ibu o dell’Uni e si à degli S udi di
U bino Ca lo Bo – Dipa imen o di Scienze
della Comunicazione, S udi Umanis ici e
In e nazionali: S o ia, Cul u e, Lingue,
Le e a u e, A i, Media (DISCUI).
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con ibu ion o he Uni e si y o U bino Ca lo
Bo “Dipa imen o di scienze della
comunicazione, s udi umanis ici e
in e nazionali Uni e si à di U bino Ca lo
Bo”.
Con en s
Ioannis Deligiannis: In oduc ion................................................................................................7
Gianca lo Abbamon e: Gua ino o Ve ona T ansla o o Plu a ch’s De libe is
educandis (1411) and he Las Legacy o he Pope Alexande V (Pe e Fila gis).................15
Ga y allia A hanasiadou: Epig ams on My on’s Cow in T ansla ion:
an Example by Taddeo Ugole o...............................................................................................31
Malika Cécile Bas in-Hammou: T ansla ing A is ophanes’ Plu us in o La in
du ing he Renaissance. The D ama is pe sonae: om Tex o S age.................................41
Ma in M. Baue : Bad Re-T ansla ions: The S ange Case o Ba holomaeus
Picenus de Mon e A duo ........................................................................................................55
Ioannis Deligiannis: “Wi nessing” a T ansla o a Wo k: Obse a ions
on Ma ia Palmie i’s La in T ansla ion o He odo us’ His o ies..........................................69
Roumpini Dimopoulou: Ci iaco d’Ancona, De Sep em Mundi Spec aculis:
Aspec s on His Language .......................................................................................................89
Sil ia Fiaschi: T ansla ions as Repe oi es o An iqui y: he My hog aphic Collec ion
o Palaepha us, be ween E udi ion and G eek Lea ning ......................................................101
Adam T. Foley: Saying No o he Pope: Basinio’s Re usal o T ansla e Home ......................125
Ma ine Fu no: How Did They Use Lexica? An O e iew o G eek-La in Dic iona ies
and Thei Reade ships du ing he Six een h Cen u y (1478-1595).....................................139
Eleni Gas i & E angelos Gougoulis: Melanch hon’s La in T ansla ions o Eu ipides’
Bacchae and O es es ..........................................................................................................159
No een Humble: T ansla ing Ancien G eek: Jacob Kau mann and Xenophon’s Cy opaedia.....171
Sophia Kou e i: B uni as T ansla o o A is ophanes: T ansla ion P ac ices
and S a egies in Plu us.......................................................................................................187
Liana Lomien o: Anac eon and he Anac eon ic Odes T ansla ed by Hen icus
S ephanus and Elie And é in an I alian Edi ion o 1712 .....................................................199
Vasileios Pappas: Leucippe and Cli ophon in La in: The T ansla ion o Achilles
Ta ius’ No el by Annibal C uceius ......................................................................................213
Michael Paschalis: Compa a i e Challenges: Home and Theoc i us in o La in,
Vi gil in o G eek ..................................................................................................................227
Ma ia Luísa Resende: F om he Manusc ip o he P in ed Ve sion: In es iga ing
he P ocess o Sel -Censo ship in Jo ge Coelho’s La in T ansla ion o De Dea Sy ia ........235
Kei h Sidwell: S ep by S ep and e en Ve se: T ansla ion o Lucian as a Tool
o G eek Lea ning in he Ea ly Mode n Pe iod ..................................................................247
Fabio S ok: La in T ansla ions o he O aculum de Is hmo ..................................................269
Indices........................................................................................................................................287
I. An iqui y (mainly au ho s, up o c. 600)........................................................................287
II. Middle Ages, Renaissance and Ea ly Mode n Pe iod ................................................288
III. Manusc ip s .....................................................................................................................294
Guidelines o au ho s.............................................................................................................297
INVESTIGATING
THE TRANSLATION PROCESS
IN HUMANISTIC LATIN TRANSLATIONS
OF GREEK TEXTS
P oceedings o an In e na ional Con e ence
Democ i us Uni e si y o Th ace
Komo ini, 28–29 Ap il 2017
EDITED By
IOANNIS DELIGIANNIS
Co u 2017

In memo iam
Paola Tomè
Ma ia Luísa Resende
Uni e sidade de Lisboa, Po ugal
F om he Manusc ip o he P in ed Ve sion: In es iga ing he P ocess o
Sel -Censo ship in Jo ge Coelho’s La in T ansla ion o De Dea Sy ia*
Cum adolescens supe io ibus annis exe cendi ingenii g a ia G aeca nonnulla in
la inum se monem ue e em, ueni in men em Luciani opusculum de Dea Sy ia, ad ea
empo a (quod sci em) ab in e p e ibus in ac um, la ini a e dona e.1
The adi ion o using Lucian o Samosa a’s wo ks in he class oom was
de e minan o i s wide dissemina ion in he Eu opean Renaissance. Due o
he b eui as, ua ie as o , mo e impo an ly, he mo al alue o his wo ks, he
adequacy o he co pus luceaneum o he s udy o he G eek language
p omp ed he i s La in ansla ions in he Wes and was u he
acknowledged by humanis s such as Gua ino Ve onese and E asmus o
Ro e dam.2
Al hough he e is some e idence o he eso o Lucian’s Dialogues in
he con ex o G eek eaching in Po ugal in he six een h cen u y, he only
ex an ansla ion, published in 1540 by Jo ge Coelho, was subjec o an
exhaus i e e ision, hus being o li le help in unde s anding he use o he
sophis ’s wo ks as school ex s.3 Ne e heless, he pa a ex s o De Dea Sy ia –
especially he le e o Lou enço de Cáce es quo ed abo e – e eal he ini ial
phase o he ansla ion as an a emp o de elop his linguis ic skills. The
ecen disco e y o an ea lie e sion o he ansla ion in Biblio eca Pública
de É o a demons a ed ha De Dea Sy ia was ac ually ende ed while he
Po uguese humanis was s udying G eek in I aly, be o e 1526.4 Since i
* This pape was de eloped wi hin he con ex o an ongoing PhD disse a ion unded by
Fundação pa a a Ciência e Tecnologia (SFRH/BD/95419/2013).
1 Geo gij Coelli Lusi ani De Pa ien ia Ch is iana Libe Vnus. I em nõnulla alia quae in ine uidebis,
apud Ludouicum Ro ho igium, [Lisbon] 1540, . 57 .
2 C ., e.g., C. Lau e gna -Gagniè e, Lucien de Samosa e e le Lucianisme en F ance au XVIe siècle.
A héisme e Polémique, Gene a 1988, pp. 27, 62-66; M. O. Zappala, Lucian o Samosa a in he Two
Hespe ias. An Essay in Li e a y and Cul u al T ansla ion, Po omac 1990, pp. 37-39; D. Ma sh,
Lucian and he La ins. Humo and Humanism in he Ea ly Renaissance, Ann A bo 1998, pp. 7-15;
E. Rummel, E asmus as a T ansla o o he Classics, To on o-Bu alo-London 2012, pp. 49-51.
3 The ansla ion o Lucian’s De Dea Sy ia was published among o he wo ks in he book
Geo gij Coelli Lusi ani De Pa ien ia Ch is iana, op. ci ., . 32 -59 .
4 C . É o a, BPE, ms. 229, . 35 : Cum supe io ibus annis Flo en iae, quae o ius E u iae cla issima
ciui as es , li e is G aecis ope am da emus magno umque au ho um exemplo exe ci a ionis g a ia
G aeca nonnula la inis edde emus, ueni e nobis in men em Luciani opusculum de dea Sy ia, ad ea
empo a in ac um, e g aeco se mone in la inum ue e e. Despi e he limi ed biog aphical
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Ma ia Luísa Resende
Medi e anean Ch onicle 7 (2017)
cons i u es an amended e sion o he schola ly exe cise and an ea lie a ian
o he p in ed ansla ion, he É o a manusc ip , p oduced some ime be ween
1526 and 1531, discloses ha Jo ge Coelho con inued wo king on he same
ex o app oxima ely hi y yea s.
E en hough he loss o he i s schola ly exe cise inhibi s us om
analysing Coelho’s ansla ion om i s incep ion, he compa ison o he
manusc ip wi h he ansla ion p in ed in 1540 p o ides a aluable insigh
in o i s p og ession, e ealing no only a signi ican de elopmen o his skills
as a ansla o and w i e o La in, bu also a delibe a e a emp o diminish
he e e ences o Lucian o Samosa a and De Dea Sy ia’s sa i ical one. The
pu pose o his pape is he e o e o analyse he mos signi ican al e a ions
unde aken by he Po uguese humanis , in o de o shed some ligh on one o
he ew e sions o a G eek au ho di ec ly ende ed om he o iginal,5
which, despi e i s impo ance o unde s anding he impac o G eek s udies
in Po ugal, is ye o p o oke any academic analysis, e en among Po uguese
schola s.6
in o ma ion ega ding Jo ge Coelho, he e is e idence ha in 1526 he was al eady in Po ugal
(ANTT, Co po C onológico, Pa e I, mç. 34, no. 36). C . H. C espo, “O p ocesso da Inquisição de
Lisboa con a Dua e Gomes alias Salomão Usque: mó eis, êx eis e li os na econs i uição da
casa de um humanis a (1542-1544). Em o no da gua da- oupa, li a ia e ma ea ia do ei”,
Cade nos de Es udos Se a di as 10-11 (2011), pp. 587-688, a 589. Fo Jo ge Coelho’s biog aphical
da a, see especially S. Te a, “O Humanis a Po uguês Jo ge Coelho e a sua co espondência
com os Ca deais Bembo e Sadole o”, in A. Joucla-Ruau (ed.), Mélanges à la mémoi e d’And é
Joucla-Ruau, Aix-en-P o ence 1978, pp. 1133-1160; C espo, op. ci .; id., “And é de Resende na
Inquisição de É o a e a apologé ica an i-judaica: ciência eológica, dou ina e cas igo (1541).
Um au óg a o inédi o. No os documen os pa a as biog a ias de And é de Resende e Jo ge
Coelho”, in A. And ade, J. To ão e al. (eds.), Humanismo, Diáspo a e Ciência (séculos XVI e
XVII): Es udos, Ca álogo, Exposição, Po o 2013, pp. 151-212, a 163-164.
5 The limi ed numbe o philological wo ks p oduced du ing he Po uguese Renaissance
does no imply a lack o in e es in, o as has al eady been s a ed, a poo dissemina ion o he
s udia humani a is. Indeed, Po uguese lib a ies con ain a ich collec ion o books impo ed
om he main Eu opean p in ing houses and he e is e idence o an in ense ci cula ion o
humanis ic edi ions, ansla ions and commen a ies du ing he six een h cen u y. This was
pa ly possible due o a oyal dec ee which, since 1483, exemp ed book selle s om paying
axes o e he impo a ion and sale o books in o de o encou age he dissemina ion o
classical au ho s. C . S. Vi e bo, A Li a ia Real especialmen e no einado de D. Manuel: memo ia
ap esen ada à Academia Real das Sciencias de Lisboa, Lisbon 1901, pp. 5-7, and A. Ta ío, Lei o es
dos Clássicos. Po ugal e I ália, séculos XV e XVI: uma geog a ia do p imei o Humanismo em
Po ugal, Lisbon 2015. Fo a gene al su ey o G eek s udies in Po ugal du ing he six een h
cen u y, see especially F. de Boa en u a, “Do começo, p og essos, e decadencia da Li e a u a
G ega em Po ugal desde o es abelecimen o da Mona quia a é o einado do Senho D. José I”,
His o ia e Memó ias da Academia Real das Sciencias de Lisboa 8:1 (1823), pp. 1-55, and S. T. Pinho,
Humanismo em Po ugal, II, Lisbon 2006, pp. 297-322.
6 Aside om my ongoing PhD disse a ion (“S udia g aeca em Po ugal no século XVI: lei o es
e adu o es de Luciano de Samósa a”), which will p o ide a c i ical analysis o Jo ge
Coelho’s ansla ion, only Sena Ma ins (“Jo ge Coelho e a adução de Luciano, De dea Sy ia”,
in C. Pimen el, S. Ta a es de Pinho (eds.), O Humanismo Po uguês no Con ex o da Eu opa: no 5º
- 236 -
F om he Manusc ip o he P in ed Ve sion: In es iga ing he P ocess o Sel -
Censo ship in Jo ge Coelho’s La in T ansla ion o De Dea Sy ia
on he Po uguese king was becoming mo e e ec i e, ul ima ely explains
Coelho’s a emp o p o ec his ansla ion om any possible mis eading.33
Indeed, Coelho’s links o he Po uguese Cou p o ided him wi h a
p o ound awa eness o he changes ha we e occu ing in he i s yea s o
he 1530s and may he e o e, ha e been esponsible o he supplan ing o he
i onic Lucian wi h he his o iog aphe Lucian. His insigh in o he g owing
ideological con ol could no ha e been any deepe : ha ing been a he se ice
o he Royal House since a leas 1526, he became he sec e a y o D.
Hen ique, he u u e “Inquisido -mo ”, in 1538 and one yea la e expanded
his unc ions o hose o no a y o he Inquisi ion. A he se ice o D.
Hen ique, he was esponsible o he ansc ibing o a le e o Luís Rod igues
and Ge mão Galha de in 1540, p ohibi ing hem o he p in ing o books
wi hou p e ious au ho isa ion, and one yea la e , he le e in o ming
Damião de Góis o D. Hen ique’s p ohibi ion o he ci cula ion o Fides, eligio
mo esque Ae hiopum due o “cousas da ee” (“ ai h issues”).34
Despi e he co espondence he had main ained wi h E asmus, which is
un o una ely los ,35 in 1536 Coelho was al eady dissocia ing himsel om he
humanis ’s sa i ical wo ks, as can be seen by he ac ha he w o e he
p e ace-le e o Ai es de Ba bosa’s An imo ia, a poem condemning he
ecou se o Folly in he Mo iae Encomium.36 While his wo ds o p aise a e
pu ely ci cums an ial and ne e deepen he dep eca ion o E asmus’ wo k,
no e eal his ue ideas ega ding he dialogue, a up u e is p obably al eady
in mo ion a his ime.
Seen in his con ex , he ew i ing o he i s pa ag aph o he le e o
Lou enço de Cáce es quo ed in he beginning o his s udy acqui es a new
conno a ion. The emphasis on he example o magni au ho es in he manusc ip
e sion sugges s an associa ion wi h he p e ious adi ion ha p aised
Lucian’s adequacy o he class oom and o which his o iginal e sion o De
Dea Sy ia – as he humanis s essed, an opusculum [...] ad ea empo a in ac um –
would ul ima ely con ibu e:
Cum supe io ibus annis Flo en iae, quae o ius E u iae cla issima ciui as es , li e is
G aecis ope am da emus magno umque au ho um exemplo exe ci a ionis g a ia
33 As e ealed by Diogo de Tei e in his Inquisi o ial p ocess, Diogo de Gou eia Sénio used o
desc ibe hose who knew G eek as Lu he ans; c . B andão, op. ci ., p. 466. On Diogo de
Gou eia Sénio , see J. S. da Sil a Dias, A Polí ica Cul u al da Época de D. João III, Coimb a 1969,
I, pp. 65-71.
34 Sá, op. ci ., p. 16.
35 C . P. S. Allen (ed.), Opus Epis ola um Des. E asmi Ro e odami, XI (1534-1536), Ox o d 1947,
pp. 206-207.
36 Jo ge Coelho’s le e was published in A. Ba bosa, Ob a Poé ica. I. Epig amas. II. An imó ia
[1495-1536], Coimb a 2013, pp. 18-19.
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Ma ia Luísa Resende
Medi e anean Ch onicle 7 (2017)
G aeca nonnula la inis edde emus, ueni e nobis in men em Luciani opusculum de
dea Sy ia, ad ea empo a in ac um, e g aeco se mone in la inum ue e e.
Howe e , he p in ed e sion dep i ed us o his eading. The
ew i en le e elimina ed he e e ence o magni au ho es, and ins ead
ex olled he in luence o S Je ome by implici ly e oking his p e ace o
Eusebius’ Ch onicon h ough he exp ession exe cendi ingenii g a ia.37
E en hough his sub le supplan ing may seem innocuous, seen in he
ligh o all he al e a ions unde aken by Coelho, i appea s as an a emp o
a oid any connec ion o o he ansla o s o Lucian (including E asmus),
eplacing hei possible in luence wi h he auc o i as o he ansla o o he
Vulga e.
The a emp o conceal he i onic app oach o De Dea Sy ia which
ul ima ely p esen ed Lucian as mocke o eligion and insis ed on his
associa ion wi h E asmus is hus unde s ood in he ligh o he epoch: despi e
publishing he same ea ise he had ansla ed in his you h, i onic Lucian had
no place in Po ugal in 1540. The passage o ime be ween he wo e sions
obliga ed no only a philological e ision o he ansla ion, bu mos
impo an ly, a change o in e p e a ion o gua an ee he ci cula ion o he
au ho in Po ugal.
The ambigui y o he Lucianic co pus and i s abili y o pe mi di e en
eadings was he e o e c ucial o i s con inued p esence du ing he second
hal o he six een h cen u y and ul ima ely insu ed i s use in Jesui classes. As
a ansla o , E asmus oo was s ill ound in he monas ic lib a ies, al hough
hea ily edi ed, e ised and censo ed, indispensable only as an asse o he
unde s anding o he G eek au ho s.
Abs ac
F om he Manusc ip o he P in ed Ve sion: In es iga ing he
P ocess o Sel -Censo ship in Jo ge Coelho’s La in T ansla ion o De Dea
Sy ia
In 1540, Jo ge Coelho published, among o he wo ks, a La in
ansla ion o Lucian’s De Dea Sy ia. Howe e , he ecen disco e y o a
manusc ip a Biblio eca Pública de É o a con aining a p e ious e sion o he
same ansla ion e ealed some signi ican changes which e lec no only his
de elopmen as a ansla o , bu also an a emp o ed ess he pe cep ion o
37 C . Jo ge Coelho, op. ci ., . 57 ; Eusebius o Caesa ea, Die Ch onik des Hie onymus /
Hie onymi Ch onicon. Eusebius We ke. Sieben e Band, ed. by R. Helm, Be lin 1956, p. 1: Ve us is e
dise o um mos ui , u exe cendi ingenii causa G aecos lib os La ino se mone absolue en e , quod
plus in se di icul a is habe , poema a inlus ium ui o um addi a me i necessi a e ans e en [...].
On his exp ession, see P. Bo ley, La in T ansla ion in he Renaissance. The Theo y and P ac ice o
Leona do B uni, Giannozzo Mane i and Deside ius E asmus, Camb idge 2004, p. 9.
- 244 -
F om he Manusc ip o he P in ed Ve sion: In es iga ing he P ocess o Sel -
Censo ship in Jo ge Coelho’s La in T ansla ion o De Dea Sy ia
Lucian and o dep i e him o his sa i ical image. Despi e he doub s
su ounding he o iginal au ho ship o his ea ise, i s aised in 1615, his
e sion is o c ucial signi icance when s udying he ansmission and
ecep ion o he sophis in Po ugal, no only because i is one o he ew
e sions o a G eek au ho di ec ly ende ed om he o iginal, bu also due o
he ac ha i accompanies he poli ical and social changes du ing he i s
hal o he six een h cen u y and e lec s he changing a i udes owa ds one
o he mos di e se w i e s o he Ancien G eek wo ld.
Keywo ds
Lucian o Samosa a; Jo ge Coelho; ansla ion; Po uguese Inquisi ion;
E asmus o Ro e dam
Ma ia Luísa Resende is an in eg a ed esea che o Cen o de Es udos
Clássicos (Faculdade de Le as da Uni e sidade de Lisboa) and has been
de eloping he esea ch in he a ea o T ansla ion and Recep ion o Classical
Li e a u e in Po uguese Humanism and Li e a u e o he Renaissance. She is
cu en ly a PhD candida e a he Uni e si y o Lisbon, unded by Fundação
pa a a Ciência e Tecnologia (SFRH/BD/95419/2013) o w i e a disse a ion on
he ansmission and ecep ion o Lucian o Samosa a in Po uguese
Humanism.
Ma ia Luísa Resende
Uni e sidade de Lisboa, Po ugal
esendema [email protected]
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