6
Vi u io: I lib i di Gené. by F anco Dal Molin, 18/06/2013, used unde CC BY 2.0, modi ica ion: cu , sou ce:h ps://www. lick .com/
pho os/o so ama/9114436079/in/pho olis -7GEWh -aj8uWW-7emAD-eTpSiD-y3UNx -yGoVH-4p8R3w
Vi u io
In e na ional jou nal
o A chi ec u e
Technology and
Sus ainabili y
Volume 0
1
ABSTRACT
Dipa imen o di A chi e u a, Uni e si à degli S udi “G. D’annunzio” di Chie i-Pesca a
Vi u ius w o e he i s ea ise o A chi ec u e and in i we ind he undamen al ecommenda ions o
a good design. In he pas 50 yea s i seems, ins ead, ha each o hese di ec ions had been los and
he e is oday he need o p omo ing a new design pa adigm ha is a en i e o nowadays c i icali ies
and di ec ed o sus ainable de elopmen .
The e m sus ainabili y s a s o con igu e he quali y o human ac ions since he 80’s ollowing
e lec ions on he esou ces limi ( aw ma e ials and ossil uels) and he en i onmen capaci y limi o
abso bing emissions and was e.
The concep o sus ainable de elopmen was elabo a ed in 1987 in he B und land epo acco ding
o he need o dis inguishing i om he concep o g ow h, ha is o say wi h he goal o ending
simul aneously owa d he quali y e i ica ion o p og ams in he en i onmen al, social and economic
dimensions.
All ha in i ed he whole socie y o econside i s "li es yle" ha , in he speci ic ield o a chi ec u e,
mean inding a new design app oach gea ed o a lowe consump ion and g ea e cau ion and
esponsibili y in he choices.
The con igu a ion o a new design pa adigm can ace hei oo s in he s udy o his o y and can
p oceed o e alua e he ac ions in a b oad con ex o skills o ensu e he quali y o he p oduc s.
KEYWORDS
p ojec cul u e; sus ainabili y; e alua ion
The a chi ec u al design in ime o c isis
A esea ch o " oo s" o suppo he de elopmen
Ma ia C is ina Fo lani
h p://dx.doi.o g/10.4995/ i u io-ija s.2015.4471
2
1. SHORT ANALYSIS OF THE CRISIS
The a chi ec u al design in his e a o 'c isis'
needs a deep e lec ion ha encompasses om
he o igins o he easons o he p ojec o hose
o he cu en c isis and is able o announce a
' ecap' o he undamen al p inciples, unde lying
he 'choices', no only o echnicians bu also o
he o ma ion o u u e designe s. (Rai e i, 2014)
I is e iden he accele a ed ans o ma ion o
he s udies and p ac ice o making a chi ec u e
in conjunc ion o s uc u al and echnological
inno a ions: o ee hemsel es om he weigh
o he s uc u es, owa ds mo e "dema e ialized"
and ligh sys ems and a he same ime igno ing
he p oblems o he cold o he hea in homes,
because hey a e en us ed o a echnical plan
design always mo e sophis ica ed and e icien ,
i eleased he designe by a se ies o "s ings" o
he p ojec , his mean he illusion o an ex eme
eedom in he de ini ion o a "d awing" only
subjec o laws o o mal composi ion.
Fo hese easons ma e ials and sys ems deemed
o be obsole e and/o no economic con enien
we e abandoned: hey ha e been using no mo e
massi e s uc u es bu ligh e skele ons able
o gua an ee s uc u al e iciency wi h minimal
ma e ial consump ion and wide a ailabili y in
he managemen o emp y space in walls and
plan s. The o e o new echnical plan s, also,
con ibu ed o he possibili y o minimize he
hickness and o assume o al openings.
The challenges ela ing o he objec i es o
minimizing he s uc u es and maximizing
he com o can no be he only e e ence
pa ame e s; o example, he o e all quan i y
o ene gy equi ed o con igu a ion o indoo
com o mus be e alua ed; no only ha
di ec ly used o cool he en i onmen s bu
also ha needed o ge s uc u al ma e ials
mo e ad anced which mus be added a u he
consump ion o he nume ous anspo a ion-
always mo e conside able as i ela ed o a
cen alized p oduc ion ha do no conside he
ela ions wi h he e i o y.
The ene ge ic issues and he en i onmen al
eme gency shall no be deal sepa a ely because
hey placed/a e pu ing in c isis e en he cu en
de elopmen model.
A he o igins o 'c isis' he e a e complex easons
and choices aimed a apid imp o emen s o
'wellbeing', poo ly e alua ed in ou comes o e
he long e m. (Ca son, 1962)
Fo I aly, i is unnecessa y o emembe he
link be ween he mid-cen u y ene gy policy
(abandonmen o esea ches on enewable
ene gies which also had a ole in he 30’s) and
pe ochemical de elopmen ; he economic
boom and he g ow h o manu ac u ing
indus y; he displacemen o popula ions om
he coun yside o he ci y wi h he change o
ag icul u al wo k/mechanized and connec ed
o he chemical p oduc ion o e ilize s and
pes icides. (Be ilacqua, 1996). We a e e e ing
o abou i y yea s, in which he new cul u e
was consolida ed (disposable) ocused on he
boundless us in he p og ess o science and
echnology, able o sol e p oblems and c ea e
an a i icial eali y hypo hesized be e han he
na u al.
I is con igu ed a c isis o de elopmen model
wo en wi h ecological-en i onmen al c isis
now e y ad anced and ce ainly caused
and agg a a ed by he ype o de elopmen .
(Be ilacqua, 2006).
Many esponsibili y a e also ound in he ield
o a chi ec u al design; indeed, he a chi ec
ac i i y has consequences on he en i onmen
and on he ene gy consump ion igh om
he app oach o he p ojec and he esul ing
modali ies o execu ion o wo ks.
Vi u io
In e na ional jou nal
o A chi ec u e
Technology and
Sus ainabili y
Volume 0
3
I would su ice o conside ha o e 35% o
ene gy consump ion is ound in he ci il sec o
( o building 100 squa e me e s a e used abou
100 on o was e ma e ials; he 40% o was e is o
imply o cons uc ion and demoli ion ope a ions;
abou he 20% o emissions come om he
cons uc ion indus y).
The cons uc ion sec o , he e o e, is s ongly
esponsible o bo h soil consump ion, ene gy
and ma e ials and p oduc ion o was e as well as
o emissions, a all s ages o he p ocess.
The 'da a', which can be de e mined by he si es
o minis e ial and o icial bodies esponsible,
highligh he e o e a g owing sho age o
esou ces ( he 80% o he used ene gy is s ill o
ossil o igin; he ene gy p ices in he las 15 yea s
ha e quin upled), a conspicuous use o ma e ials
( aised o 80% o e he las 10 yea s wi h a ise
in p ices ha ha e ipled), excessi e land use
(which con inues wi hou being s opped) and a
s ill uncon olled emission o CO2 ( alling wi h
consequen clima e change).
All ha p omises ex emely c i ical si ua ions
o wa e s ess, amine, clima e mig a ions,
epidemics, po e y, and de e mines he
need o de eloping 'new challenges' o he
o e all go e nance o he e i o y and o mee
addi ional needs in speci ic p ojec s.
2. METHODOLOGY AND PROJECT
CHECKLIST
The no es below summa ize he way owa ds
he de elopmen o a mo e app op ia e
me hodology unde lying he sus ainable and
en i onmen ally conscious p ojec ; in o he
wo ds, we wan o highligh a p ojec app oach
inno a ed in he ield o echnological design
ha emphasizes, me hodological and quali y
issues.
Fo he “ echnological design o a chi ec u e”
he gene al me hodological dimension e e s
o he ‘sys emic logic’ unde s ood as a co pus o
concep s, p inciples and applica ions acco ding
o in e ac i e and in e disciplina y modali ies.
The pu sui o quali y and he in oduc ion o he
concep o e alua ion o he p ojec -p ocess,
be o e o he a chi ec u e-p oduc come om
a need-pe o mance se ing and e u n, mo e
ma kedly, o he p ojec ac esponsibili y.
An e hics ecall o making a chi ec u e egains
impo ance ha oday knows mo e se ious
implica ions han all p e ious e as.
I ecall he p oblems ha gene ally ha e been
in es ed, since he indus ial e olu ion, he
‘making a chi ec u e’ and mainly he e en s
which, s a ing om he las h ee decades
o he ‘900, ga e new esponsibili y o he
a chi ec : he ene gy c isis ( om he 70’s) and
he ea e he en i onmen al c isis ( om he
80’s) showed consis en p oblems – aised by he
consciousness o esou ce limi a ions (ma e ials
and ene gy) closely ela ed o ques ions o
cons uc ion-which ne e had eme ged wi h so
much weigh and did no i in he conce ns o
he designe o oo long.
A he end o he 60’s many in ellec uals ook
a c i ical a i ude owa d ha echnology
ha was iden i ied in he cons uc ion o
he con empo a y ci y whe e he skysc ape
ook on he alue o symbol o economic
powe . The “dispu e” was mani es ed wi h
coun e cul u al communi ies, which esul ed
as eal labo a o ies o al e na i e esea ch;
i con ibu ed o al e na i e echnologies,
based p ima ily on he esea ch on
enewable ene gies as opposed
4
o con en ional ossil ma e ials, such as
sola and wind. The esea ch in o med o
local peculia i ies and he edisco e yo
local cul u es led hen o deal wi h he
p oblems o he hi d wo ld, has always
been conside ed he na u al ma ke and he
expansion ield o building p oduc ion ha
appea ed in hose yea s, e en mo e o eign
o he cul u e o he dwelling o places, o
clima e and local esou ces.
So “poo ” o “in e media e” echnologies
we e p oposed o imp o e he quali y o he
ac ions in he D.C.; hese echnologies we e
used o in e en ions in a eas un ela ed o
wes e n cul u e, capable o enhancing he
cha ac e s o he adi ions o he places,
conside ed cul u al he i age ep esen a i e
o he speci ic iden i y as opposed o he
p ocesses o cul u al and en i onmen al
la ening. (No be g-Schul z, 1979).
The philosophy behind his di e en way
o unde s anding he echnology, a en i e
o he needs o use s, in o he wo ds, bu
e en mo e awa e o he en i onmen al
c i icali y, local esou ces and enewable
ene gy, in he 80’s, led o he heo y o
app op ia e echnology ha also oday a e
in e ening ins umen use ul o e ain he
iden i y o Eu opean wo ld, cha ac e ized
by his o ical p esence, landscape alues
and en i onmen al esou ces o pa icula
ichness and complexi y.
App op ia e echnologies began o
con on he adi ion and ake on he
ask o p omo ing and enhancing u ban
p e-exis ences, p ese ing he iden i y o
exis ing geog aphical a eas ha ha e g ea
landscape alue.
Cu en ly hey include also highly inno a i e
ins umen s p o ided ha he solu ions
appea cong uen wi h he demands o high
quali y and limi ed ans o ma ion. The asks
a e essen ially he managemen and he
coo dina ion.
The pa h o echnology, since he
con es a ion and ebellion o he
ensla emen o he echnique and i s use
as a means o headless ep esen a ion
o powe , a i ed inally o iden i y wo
ways o unde s anding he possibili ies o
echnology and science:
a) an scou a i ude, iden i ying he esea ch
always mo e aimed owa ds new goals
o science and echnology, which se s no
limi s o he explo a ion o knowledge and
ools whose inno a i e con en can also be
des uc i e o he habi a ; he echnological
challenge is con igu ed, in his way,
ense o p oduce la ge and sophis ica ed
echniques, s uc u es wi h high-cos o
cons uc ion and managemen , buildings
in which he o e o com o is inc easingly
mechanized and a i icial;
b) an a i ude cha ac e ized by a long and
pa ien e ision wo k o he equipmen o he
indus ial e a ha con igu e echnologies
conside ed means o en i onmen al
quali y con ol, ope a ing wi hin indi idual
eali y and exp essing hemsel es h ough
“in elligen ” managemen o esou ces, in
o de o p opose en i onmen al sys ems
no se ial and s ongly iden i iable. The la e
aims o build a li eable and en i onmen ally
con olled habi a and a e o en called o
epai aul s p oduced by uncon olled
inno a ions. (Gangemi, 1985).

Vi u io
In e na ional jou nal
o A chi ec u e
Technology and
Sus ainabili y
Volume 0
5
Re- eading he ea ises and hese buildings
handed down by adi ion wi h a speci ic
a en ion o comp ehensi e p ocess o design-
cons uc ion become a i s s ep o econnec
he oo s o knowledge and o p ac ices o he
solu ions o ac ual c i ical issue. (Eme y, 2007).
Re lec ions, in pa icula , on e eading he
“T ea ise” by Vi u ius, iden i y signi ican con ac
poin s wi h he p esen p oblems in he cu en
cul u al deba e. I mean he c isis o building
cul u e: he c i icism ha di usely is di ec ed o
some ‘a i udes’ in a chi ec u al design, ex emely
o ien ed o o mal wills, o e looking he ac ual
answe s o he needs which de e mine; he
need o go e n a complex and in e disciplina y
amewo k ha o en escapes, o is subjec o
unc i ical p oxies; he u gency o econside
con ex p oblems oo long igno ed on accoun
o a possible eloca ion o ‘p oduc s’.
3. SINCE THE FORMATION OF
ARCHITECT
Vi u ius maybe was he i s a chi ec who el
he need o w i e a «sys ema ic ea men on
a chi ec u e»; i is o echnicians, bu also collec s
in o ma ion o he p o essional a chi ec (Book I,
I), an issue closely connec ed o and p ojec ed
owa ds he u u e; a i s pa o he aining
conside s ha i mus be necessa ily b oad and
in e disciplina y.
«In he o ming o he p epa a ion o he
a chi ec con ibu e cul u al con ibu ions o
many sciences and he expe ience o o he a s.
The e is, indeed, a p ac ice and a heo y o he
a chi ec u e. The p ac ice in ol es con inual
exe cise o a manual ac i i y in espec o any
ma e ial, o o m i in o shape. The heo y is,
howe e , ha echnical and me hodological
capaci y ha conc e e i sel in he design o he
wo k. [… ] He should be compe en in he ield
o li e a u e and especially o his o y, skilled in
design and good ma hema ician; he should be
cu e his philosophical and musical p epa a ion;
he shouldn’ igno e he medicine, he should
know he law and he ules go e ning he
mo ions o he hea enly bodies. » p. 8-9
The p epa a ion in le e s, his o y and
philosophy means as undamen al o he
‘cul u ed’ con igu a ion o he p ojec ha , wi h
he d awing, make i ansmissible, able o be
ansc ibed and ou come o ‘knowledge’, o
“ hinking”, o he buildings handed down om
his o y; bu i mus no ail ma h, unde he
double aspec o geome y and a i hme ic: he
i s as a wo k ool, he second as p ac ice o
he economic managemen o he p ojec ; s ill
highligh ed he medical science, compa able o
he knowledge o he ‘en i onmen al’ issues ( he
pic u e is comple ed by he knowledge o he
mo emen o he s a s) and ju isp udence; o
hese la es is subsequen ly cla i ied he aim o
he de e mina ion o heal hiness o places and
he capaci y o p oceed in acco dance wi h he
laws and egula ions.
«in o de o know he elemen s ha may be
help ul o ha m ul o he heal h o man: he
in luences o clima e, he cha ac e is ics o he
ai in he place, o wa e . Dis ega ding hese
ac o s we can no build any heal hy house. Legal
knowledge o con ol dispu es, he as onomy
o hei clea laws ela ing o o ien a ion and
wea he » p. 11
The e e ence o he in e disciplina y p epa a ion
is he e o e mo e imely han e e ; e en mo e
u gen i is he need o con igu e he discipline
6
o ‘p ojec ’ om “in o ma ion o building” o
“consul a ion be ween he p o agonis s o he
same” is de e mina e, whe e he p o agonis s
a e he leade s o all he conside ed skills. I is
p omo ing a ca e ul and esponsible planning
whe e an impo an ea u e, o en no disclosed,
ou come o a long and labo ious esea ch, o a
punc ual knowledge o he echnical solu ion
and o handed down s o y, is highligh ed; on
he con a y i o en lea es oo much space
o ‘c ea i e’, unde s ood as spon aneous and
sudden inspi a ion.
I is epo ed he s o y o Dinoc a e ha p oposes
sui able p ojec s o glo i y Alessand o when
he came o powe ; he a chi ec Dinoc a e had
«concei ed he design o ca e Mon e A hos in
he igu e o a man, wi h his le hand holding
he b oad pe ime e o he walls o a big ci y
and wi h he igh hand a so la ge pa e a o
ca ch he wa e o all he i e s ha came down
om he moun ain and hen pass hem in o he
sea. The p ojec appealed o Alessand o who
immedia ely asked i a ound he ci y we e ai ly
ex ensi e campaigns o p o ide whea needs o
he inhabi an s. When he was old ha o he
supply i would ha e been necessa y o use he
impo by sea, he said: “Dinoc a e, I admi e you
a wo k and I welcome his, bu I hink ha he
ounda ion o a colony in ha place is a p ojec o
disapp o e. As an in an can no eed hemsel es
and g ow wi hou milk o he me cy, so a ci y
can no a ise i i is no su ounded by ields ha
p o ide hei p oduc s, and can no ha e a la ge
popula ion wi hou a wide a ailabili y o ood o
sus ain i .» Book II, P e ace p. 30-31
 %8)'%.#)%30%2&/2-Ø.#%
METHODOLOGY
Toge he wi h an in e disciplina y wo k he
sys emic- pe o mance app oach mus be
e alua ed, as a gua an o o he weigh and
balance con ol pos s a s ake by he choices
o he p ojec compa ed o he quali y o he
p oduc and he p o ec ion o he en i onmen .
(Spadolini, 1974).
The conside a ion o he basic needs (secu i y,
well-being, usabili y, appea ance, managemen ,
en i onmen p o ec ion) can become he
e e ence, he guide o design consciously
aking in o accoun , in a balanced manne , and
by es ing, compa ed o e e y need, he choices
mo e app op ia e and sus ainable.
The so ecommended sus ainabili y becomes
he esponsibili y o he a chi ec -builde o
ealizing he p ojec .
(The) « buildings mus ha e s eng h
equi emen s, u ili ies and beau y. They will ha e
s eng h when he ounda ion, buil wi h ca e ully
chosen ma e ials and wi hou g eed, will deeply
and i mly on he g ound below; u ili ies when
deploymen o in e io space o each building
o any kind will be co ec ed and p ac ice o
use; beau y inally when he aspec o ope a will
be nice hanks o ha monious p opo ion o he
pa s ha is achie ed wi h he sh ewd calcula ion
o symme ies.» Book I, III, Pa s o a chi ec u e
p. 17-18
Bu i he sus ainabili y mus b ing oge he all
p ojec s, he knowledge o local peculia i ies
(ma e ial and imma e ial) is he e ec i e
implemen a ion o his ecommenda ion and i
is, he e o e, om he knowledge o his o ical
expe iences and adi ion ha can s a a ui ul
cul u al mending ope a ion be ween pas and
u u e. (Da ey, 1965).
Vi u io
In e na ional jou nal
o A chi ec u e
Technology and
Sus ainabili y
Volume 0
7
(Men ha e he chance) [... ] « o handle easily
wi h inge s any objec , began [... ] o build hu s
co e ed wi h b anches, who dig ca e ns benea h
he moun ains, who, also, o build wi h mud and
b anches o he shel e s unde which shel e s,
imi a ing he cons uc ion echnique o he nes s
o swallows. [… ] when he e o e wi h he daily
ac i i ies, he men inc eased hei manual abili y
in ab ica e [...] and when hey no iced many
ma e ials o e ed by na u e [... ] h ough hei wo k
we e able o do mo e pleasan and com o able
li e, which he a made mo e e ined. I will alk so
abou hese ma e ials use ul o he ab ica ion,
desc ibing ea u es and ad an ages. » Book II, I,
The o igins o cons uc ion a p. 32-34
5. THE ‘ENVIRONMENTAL’ QUESTION
«Fo a p ope posi ioning o he buildings, i s
o all, we mus conside in which a eas and
unde wha la i ude should be buil . We can'
indeed assume ha a single a chi ec u al model
is sui able o all egions [... ].I is necessa y o
emedy wi h a o he d awbacks o na u e. Also
in o he egions i is necessa y o y o imp o e
en i onmen al condi ions, using app op ia e
c i e ia acco ding o he di e en la i udes. [… ]
because, he e o e, di e en clima ic condi ions
cha ac e ise a ious egions [... ] I didn'
hesi a e o indica e a di e en ype o buildings
acco ding o a ious cha ac e is ics [ ... ]. » Book
VI, In luences o clima e on he a chi ec u e p.
109-111
«Now I say in which o ien a ion should ha e each
en i onmen o be unc ional.
The win e iclinia and ba h ooms look inwa ds
wes win e , pe ch need o be exposed o he
ligh o a e noon [... ]. The bed ooms and he
lib a ies a e ins ead di ec ed o he eas , as i is
o hem mo e han use ul a mo ning ligh ing. […
] Sp ing and au umn iclinia ha e o see in he
Eas : he di ec exposu e o he Sun, which ises
om he Eas in he sky o seek wes , will mi iga e
he empe a u e in hose hou s o he day
when i is usually used. The summe ones ha e
ins ead o ace he no h, because his egion is
no in he days mo e ho o he summe like he
o he s; […] Always in he No h pic u e galle ies,
wo kshops o wea ing and emb oide ing o
issues and s udies o pain e s mus also a ise, o
hese is needed a cons an ligh ing, i main ains
unchanged he hue colou s du ing p ocessing
he wo k. » Book VI, IV, O ien a ion o he house
115-116 p.
I wan o p opose a way o ackling he p ojec
awa e o cul u al oo s, a en i e o en i onmen al
issues, needs o use s and able o p o ide a
"sus ainable" de elopmen in he ull sense o
he e m. (Tiezzi, 1992).
The design mus he e o e pay close a en ion
o all s ages o he p ocess o he implica ions o
each o hem on he en i onmen ; in sho , we
mus s i e o ealize he "p ojec " in he di icul
balance be ween he choices ha in ol e he
en i e 'package o needs' wi hou indulging
in a ou ing one aspec (s uc u al, aes he ic,
unc ional, ...) a he expense o o he s.
The sys emic app oach and he equi emen s-
pe o mance assessmen -a en i e o
en i onmen al impac -in he con igu a ion o
he design choices hus becomes a "way" ha
can gua an ee he bes esul s in any ac i i y o
ans o ma ion.
To exi om ac ual economic and en i onmen al
c isis, we mus e iew he cul u al pa adigm o
de elopmen and, in pa icula , o dwelling.
(IIIich, 1973).
We mus ha e he pe cep ion o he na u al
limi s o g ow h and e hink he e i o y and
8
exploi a ion o local esou ces ( angible and
in angible). (Ruzzenen i, 2011).
To hink, hen, on he new complexi y coming
om he pa adigm o sus ainabili y (consump ion,
emissions, was e) and he in oduc ion o u he
s udy ela ion (declina ion o en i onmen al
p o ec ion); he need, in essence, o swi ch om
a linea o a cyclical me hod in which he concep
o "e alua ion" eme ges as a e e ence. (Donolo,
2007).
The se ing o he p ojec in e ms o li e cycle
equi es a special a en ion o he choice o
ma e ials, and, as consequence o he building
sys ems, o clima ic and esou ce usage o
he com o quali y; hese "a en ions" impose
a cons an e e ence o he local si ua ion,
knowledge o "place", he mos ex ensi e
and ho ough as possible, like in oduced by
"app op ia e echnologies" and oday ecalled
and upda ed as a s a egy o mee he demands
o sus ainabili y.
The me hodology o wo k is based on
in e disciplina y collabo a ion o he
de elopmen o excellence a ailable locally
(cul u al and p oduc i e le el); his is o p o ide
adequa e suppo o commissioning o quali y
he ques ion and make i complian wi h ' eal
needs' by sp eading and sha ing he cul u e
o sus ainabili y, new o ms o economy and o
li ing necessa ily lexible and adap able o new
eques s.
The goal is he inno a ion o he 'model'
acco ding o he pa ame e s o ecology: cycles
closing by he eclama ion, he egene a ion and
he enewal o he exis ing, ma e ial and spa ial,
he i age.
6. NEW CHALLENGES OLD
PARAMETERS
The new challenges a e: ai , clima e p o ec ion,
wa e and ood; wi hou hose elemen s he e
is chance o enjoy any hing else. We a e in a
si ua ion al eady a isk in di e en pa s o he
wo ld. (F iedman, 1978).
I seems necessa y, he e o e, o mo e om
hese elemen s o e hink he p ojec in a holis ic
app oach, so as o ensu e a leas he su i al o
he human species:
sȩ THEȩQUALITYȩOFȩTHEȩAIRȩRECALLSȩFORȩTHEȩPLANNERSȩ
he ques ion o mobili y o e hink along wi h
app op ia e means and ene gy p oduc ion,
a he same ime should be posed he
p oblem o educ ion o mobili y inc easing
he possibili y o i ual communica ion (a
sys em o in e connec ed cycles, o ac ions and
in ol emen o di e en sec o s is de e mina e,
whe e is undamen al he ans-disciplina ily and
a plan oge he );
sȩ THEȩȩCLIMATEȩPROTECTIONȩCALLSȩINTOȩQUESTIONȩTHEȩ
use o ene gy, om sa ings o change o esou ce
a i s managemen ; he goal should be aimed
no so much a he new buildings, bu especially
a he his o ical he i age and in a ecen op ical
o enewal- egene a ion connec ed o he ‘ze o
land use’ objec i e; in his sense i is necessa y
no only e-designed he buildings bu also he
ci ies and he e i o ies ( o p oduce e ec s o
mi iga ion and educ ion o demand); se ing
up a holis ic design p ocess ha mo es om
use o ma e ials (p ocu emen and p oduc ion),
connec s o he p oblems o he cons uc ion
and i s managemen up o con igu e end-o -
li e scena ios (e en in his case he e a e many
c ucial policy choices o a ou skills and i uous
pa hs); (Bu e a, 2007).