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61
Expe imen al on-line pla o m o p oduc concep ual
design: OpenDesigNe
Pla a o ma expe imen al pa a el diseño concep ual de p oduc os
OpenDesigNe
Te esa Magal-Royo1, Begoña Jo da-Albiñana2 and Rod igo Lozano-Suaza3
ABSTRACT
This pape highligh s he need o using specialised on-line collabo a i e en i onmen s by designe s and p oduc enginee s who in-
c easingly use Web 2.0 echnology o sea ch o in o ma ion. Al hough he e a e p o essional channels and ne wo ks, he e is no spe-
ci ic pla o m which helps du ing a new p oduc ’s concep ualisa ion phase. Open communica ion mus hus be p omo ed and en-
cou aged amongs design p o essionals and companies o o m wo king g oups he eby allowing hem o wo k collabo a i ely in he
mos open and c ea i e phase o p oduc design, i.e. concep ualisa ion. The OpenDesigNe (ODN) expe imen al pla o m has been
de eloped so ha designe s and small- o medium-sized companies (SMC) can access on-line collabo a i e ools o suppo he c e-
a ion and p omo ion o new on-line p oduc s and assess hei immedia e social impac . This a icle p esen s some o he esul s ob ained
du ing he alida ion phase in ol ing a pla o m sa is ac ion su ey o design enginee ing s uden s and has led o a i s -hand assess-
men o he new pla o m’s po en ial impac on hei p o essional u u e.
Keywo ds: p oduc enginee ing, Web 2.0, collabo a i e en i onmen s, p oduc design, Open Sou ce.
RESUMEN
Es e a ículo mues a la necesidad u u a del uso de en o nos colabo a i os, especializados en la ed pa a los diseñado es e ingenie os
del p oduc o, que cada ez más, u ilizan las ecnologías Web 2.0 pa a la búsqueda de in o mación. De hecho, aunque exis en
canales o edes p o esionales de ca ác e gene al, no exis e una pla a o ma especí ica que les ayude en la ase de concep ualiza-
ción de un nue o p oduc o. Po lo an o, se hace necesa io p omociona y omen a la comunicación abie a en e los p o esionales
del diseño y las emp esas, pa a o ma así, g upos a ines que pe mi an abaja de mane a colabo a i a du an e la ase más abie a
y c ea i a de un p oduc o: la concep ualización. La pla a o ma expe imen al OpenDesigNe ODN ha sido desa ollada pa a que las
PYMES y los diseñado es dispongan de he amien as colabo a i as on-line de apoyo, que gene en la c eación y p omoción de
nue os p oduc os en la ed, e aluando su impac o inmedia o a ni el social. El a ículo mues a pa e de los esul ados ob enidos en
la ase de alidación, que se ealizó median e una encues a de sa is acción sob e la pla a o ma en es udian es de Ingenie ía y de
Diseño, que ha pe mi ido e alua de p ime a mano el posible impac o de la nue a pla a o ma en su u u o p o esional.
Palab as cla e: ingenie ía de p oduc o, Web. 2.0, en o nos colabo a i os, diseño del p oduc o, Open Sou ce.
Recei ed: Ma ch 23 h 2012
Accep ed: Oc obe 4 h 2013
In oduc ion
123
Indus ies h oughou he wo ld ha e ound i necessa y o pa -
icipa e in global designs in ol ing collabo a ion amongs in e na-
ional ac o s o ensu e be e compe i i e ad an ages (Rodge s &
Cla kson, 1998). Fu u e p oduc enginee s will hus ha e o ace
challenges ega ding he use o on-line collabo a i e ools o ien-
a ed owa ds he in eg a ed managemen o design in ol ing pa -
icipa ion in mul idisciplina y eams dis ibu ed a ound he wo ld
(Yuanyuan e al., 2008). Collabo a i e design he e o e ep esen s
a me hodology which enables many designe s o pa icipa e in de-
signing a pa o p oduc (Ma ion, 2008), and o en p o ides an
1
Te esa Magal-Royo. PhD Fine A s. A ilia ion: Associa e p o esso . G aphic Engi-
nee ing Depa men . Supe io Technical School o Design Enginee ing ETSID. Uni-
e si a Poli écnica de Valencia, Spain. E-mail: [email p o ec ed]
2
Begoña Jo da-Albiñana. PhD Fine A s. Associa e p o esso . G aphic Enginee ing
Depa men . Supe io Technical School o Design Enginee ing ETSID. Uni e si a Po-
li écnica de Valencia, Spain. E-mail: [email p o ec ed]
oppo uni y o a p oduc ’s inal use s o judge such design so ha
i mee s hei eal needs (Que ani & Gza a, 2008). Web 2.0 In-
e ne communica ion ools p omo e collabo a ion and he quick
and e icien exchange o in o ma ion abou indus ial p oduc s
amongs he use s o a communi y o iden i ied social ne wo k,
based on use communi ies and se ices, such as social ne wo ks,
blogs o Wikis (Joslin e al., 2003). Such ools also suppo p oduc
de elopmen phases by ac ing as communica ion pla o ms be-
ween p oduc designe s o o he specialis s o make a p oduc
mo e e icien compa ed o a adi ionally designed p oduc (Pu -
nik e al., 2008; Zhan e al., 2003). Enginee ing design s uden s
should acqui e skills such as good in o ma ion managemen using
3
Rod igo Lozano-Suaza. Indus ial Design Enginee . Uni e sidad Nacional de Co-
lombia. Colombia. MSc in P oduc Design. Uni e si a Poli écnica de Valencia, Spain.
E-mail: [email protected]
How o ci e: Magal-Royo, T., Jo da-Albiñana, B., Lozano-Suaza, R., Expe imen al on-
line pla o m o p oduc concep ual design: OpenDesigNe ., Ingenie ía e In es i-
gación, Vol. 33, No. 3, Decembe 2013, pp. 61 – 65.
Expe imen al on-line pla o m o p oduc concep ual design: OpenDesigNe
INGENIERÍA E INVESTIGACIÓN VOL. 33 No. 3, DECEMBER - 2013 (61-65)
62
hei knowledge o on-line collabo a i e ools (Uchihi a e al.,
2007), secu i y p o ocols wi h a clien , on-line documen manage-
men and moni o ing cu en echnology ends in he ma e ials
and p ocesses ield (Bai e al., 2005; Ca bone, 2005).
Collabo a i e design wo k
Design in he ield o new p oduc s has unde gone p o ound me h-
odological changes, due mos ly o he compu e isa ion and digi i-
sa ion o adi ional indus ial p ocesses (Pibe na -Domenech &
Cha es, 1989). Fo example, he indus ial de elopmen o ech-
nology, called compu e -aided design (CAD), has led o he i u-
alisa ion o managemen and c ea ing p oduc - ela ed in o ma ion
om he e y momen o concep ualisa ion.
Mo e compu e ised ools ha e become inc easingly a ailable o
help p oduc enginee s du ing any s age o p ojec de elopmen
and communica ion wi h a clien o company (I añez Gimeno,
2000). P oduc de elopmen and communica ion asks ha e led o
he concep o collabo a i e design i sel unde going changes in
pe spec i e since he 1980s acco ding o he echnological ad-
ances made o e he pas 30 yea s. The i s gene a ion o CAD
ools o p oducing wo-dimensional objec s p o ided o mal and
objec i e in o ma ion ega ding a p oduc bu ew oppo uni ies
o exchanging in o ma ion ac oss pla o ms and hey had li le
scope o de elopmen ega ding hei subsequen implemen a-
ion in a business en i onmen .
Ad ances in g aphical echnology ga e way o mo e sophis ica ed
and specialised CAD p og ammes allowing an enginee o plan and
di e si y p oduc in o ma ion om a g aphical and echnical poin
o iew; his could hen be ex apola ed o an indus ial se ing
h ough CAM, CAE and CIM echnologies whe e s udying p ob-
lems in ol ing exchanging da a and in o ma ion low wi hin a com-
pany had al eady begun. Collabo a i e design s a ed i s de elop-
men as a heo y applied o manu ac u ing wi h he second gene -
a ion o CAD ools in he ea ly 1990s. Wi h he accep ance o he
need o add ess p oblems and analyse p oduc e i ica ion by in-
eg a ing manu ac u ing p ocesses and p oduc li e-cycle, CAD
sys ems (Ren e al., 2010) posed he need o sha e and e i y in-
o ma ion and echnical da a and ans e his o p oduc manu-
ac u e and in ol e on-line communica ion p o ocols h oughou
he de elopmen p ocess (Winblad e al., 1993).
CAD so wa e echnology cu en ly o e s applica ions such as
li ecycle p oduc managemen (LPM) acili a ing in o ma ion con-
ol and p o iding new knowledge o p ojec de elopmen . Com-
panies c ea ing LPM some imes o e on-line in o ma ion manage-
men se ices in eg a ed in wo king g oups wi hin a company.
Such sys ems sha e p ojec echnical in o ma ion, g aphics and
documen a ies, inco po a ing collabo a i e and communica i e
ools ( o ums, ideo con e encing, cha s, e c.) ypical o web 2.0
(Lau & Mak 2003). They may also include speci ic applica ions op-
imising and gene a ing specialised in o ma ion di ec ed a manu-
ac u ing and p oduc ion (Xu & Liu, 2003).
Rega ding applica ions, Dassaul Sys emes’ DS ENOVIA
4
, Au o-
desk’s Buzzsaw
5
, Siemens’ Team Cen e
6
o PTC’s Windchill
7
all
o e collabo a i e en i onmen s o speci ic modules on a sales
le el, hese being e y expensi e o small- o medium-sized com-
panies (SMC) and only la ge companies can hus a o d hem. The
applica ions a e la gely o a closed na u e and a e cen ed on he
4
h p://www.3ds.com/p oduc s-se ices/eno ia Las isi Oc obe 2013
5
h p://www.au odesk.com/p oduc s/buzzsaw Las isi Oc obe 2013
collabo a i e adminis a ion and sha ing o all o a company’s in-
ellec ual asse s. This allows o con olling and op imising p od-
uc design, de elopmen and manu ac u ing, he eby making busi-
ness and li e-cycle analysis ools a ailable o p oduc de elop-
men .
Howe e , hese applica ions do no co e web sea ches o op-
po uni ies wi h p o essionals, ou sou ced wo ke s o business
people who wan o wo k on a common p ojec , such aspec being
undamen al o eelance o con ac ed p o essional designe s
wo king o an SMC. Aspec s ela ed o a sea ch o business op-
po uni ies, business con ac s wi hin SMCs, businesses o ou -
sou cing o c ea ing on-line mul i-disciplina y g oups should be
ca e ully planned, e en be o e designing a p oduc .
An en i onmen mus be c ea ed on he in e ne whe e designe s
and enginee s can e alua e, analyse and concep ualise p oduc i-
abili y be o e such p oduc has ac ually been designed and, once
concep ualised and o malised du ing i s i s s ages, i can be seen
as es ic i e o open o consume s ega ding p e ious assess-
men .
The la e aspec has unde gone he mos signi ican change e-
ga ding new p oduc de elopmen . Recognising he need o peo-
ple om di e en echnical disciplines, geog aphical loca ions and
speaking di e en languages o communica e be o e, du ing and
a e a new p ojec has o ced design and enginee ing schools o
encou age in e disciplina y echnical and pe sonal skills conce n-
ing o ganisa ion and managemen o aising awa eness o he im-
po ance o digi al communica ion a eas inside and ou side a uni-
e si y en i onmen which can be ex apola ed o u u e business
en i onmen s (ANECA, 2006).
Indus ial sys ems and p ocesses in Spain ha e e ol ed in pa allel
wi h o he Eu opean coun ies in e ms o educa ion and business
in ol emen in he use o new echnology and i s me hodological
use ega ding esou ces ea ma ked o new p oduc de elopmen
(DDI, 2005; DDI, 2008). Spanish MSC ha e unde gone necessa y
compu e ised upda ing conce ning indus ial p ocesses and e-
sou ces o e he las ew yea s, he eby allowing i o become
compe i i e on a Eu opean and wo ldwide le el (COTEC, 2008).
Technological de elopmen ega ding new digi al pla o ms has
hus allowed Spanish SMC o gene a e R+D+I o ien a ed
knowledge a a Eu opean le el which has been aimed a e y ma-
u e o old sec o s (i.e. u ni u e and ela ed indus ies) whose
p og ess owa ds new echnology has cu en ly s alled due o
economic ecession (Pé ez, 2007).
Web 2.0 echnology o new p oduc o ganisa-
ion and in o ma ion managemen
Web 2.0 o pos -Web 2.0 echnology has p o ided ools, e-
sou ces and applica ions in he social communica ion a ea and has
become mo e pe missi e in ecen decades. The democ a isa ion
o on-line communica ion en i onmen s has gi en way o he ise
o di ec indus ial and p o essional communica ion wi h use s
h ough in e es g oups’ collabo a i e en i onmen s. Such in e es
g oups ha e unde gone a signi ican change in he de elopmen o
collabo a i e en i onmen s o people ha ing common in e es s in
business o p o essional en i onmen s.
6
h p://www.plm.au oma ion.siemens.com/en_us/p oduc s/ eamcen e /
Las isi Oc obe 2013
7
h p://es.p c.com/p oduc /windchill/ Las isi Oc obe 2013
MAGAL-ROYO, JORDA-ALBIÑANA AND LOZANO-SUAZA
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63
Communica ion pla o m and p oduc p omo ion by design engi-
nee s and p o essionals in hei own social ne wo ks has become
a ocal poin o ends and lows o inc easingly selec i e opinion.
New p oduc in o ma ion o ganisa ion and managemen in com-
panies has unde gone signi ican changes ega ding he physical lo-
ca ion o in o ma ion. Some in o ma ion is digi al oday and may
be sha ed, e alua ed and commen ed on-line in a con en ional and
luid manne (Skel on & Thamhain, 2005) using Web 2.0 echnol-
ogy and ollowing basic c i e ia in he ield o communica ion and
in o ma ion exchange o ien a ed owa ds he p oblem o de el-
oping new p oduc s. Howe e , e y ew de eloped echnologies
ha e been ound aking he ollowing p emises in o accoun (Royo
e al., 2011):
- C ea ing a p o essional en i onmen o ien a ed owa ds p o-
mo ing design se ices o p o essionals;
- C ea ing a p o essional en i onmen enabling he con olled
and e i iable exchange o design p ojec - ela ed da a;
- C ea ing a pe sonalised en i onmen o designe s enabling
con ac wi h SMCs;
- Dynamising a co po a e communica ion en i onmen enabling
a company o know abou and look o design se ices;
- Making u u e p oduc enginee s awa e o he use o new com-
munica ion en i onmen -based echnology on Web 2.0; and
- P omo ing indus ial sec o p o essional, design and business
se ices ha ing a low le el o compe i i eness which will help
s imula e ma ke s.
OpenDesigNe .ODN expe imen al pla o m
An expe imen al digi al pla o m was hus de eloped using
OpenDesigNe
8
(Figu e 2). ODN was concep ually based on a col-
labo a i e en i onmen o ien a ed owa ds he speci ic a ea o en-
ginee ing p oduc design. An ODN pla o m is s uc u ed in ou
modules; use a ea, collabo a i e design wo kshop, business uni
and design explo e (Figu e 1).
Figu e 1. OpenDesigNe pla o m o e all s uc u e
The use a ea allows use s o cus omise hei p o iles wi hin he
pla o m a wi he public o p i a e le el. A use can en e in o -
ma ion conce ning hei p o essional and pe sonal p o iles and ac-
cess speci ic applica ions such as bulle in boa ds, in e nal mail,
news edi ing, c ea ing po olios, c ea ing in e es g oups, e c...
The collabo a i e design wo kshop a ea allows a use o c ea e
and manage design p ojec s om he pla o m by using a collabo-
a i e on-line wo k en i onmen o assis use s in de eloping he
documen a ion equi ed du ing each phase o concep ualising a
new p oduc .
8
h p://www.opendesigne .com/ Las isi Sep embe 2013
Figu e 2. Main page OpenDesigNe in e ace
The business uni a ea allows a use o publicly o p i a ely show
designs c ea ed wi hin o ou side he pla o m helping o p omo e
design se ices, including designe s and SMCs h ough accessing
p oduc ca alogues, o e s and job applica ions o design se ices,
e c...
The design explo e a ea enables use s o expe imen wi h solu-
ions and applica ions ela ed o compu e aided design (CAD),
ins umen ally suppo ing he c ea ion o design p ojec g aphical
and ex ual documen a ion.
ODN pla o m a chi ec u e
Figu e 3. OpenDesigNe a chi ec u e
So wa e a chi ec u e in an expe imen al en i onmen made up o
al eady exis ing ee so wa e solu ions based on h ee le els o
in eg a ion (Figu e 3):
A pla o m le el: his is he pla o m’s co e, ha ing all he ex-
pec ed componen s o a common Ex JS-based in e ace;
A se ice le el: his uses se ice-o ien a ed a chi ec u e (SOA)
in eg a ing se ices. The de elopmen o each se ice is based
on a h ee-laye ed model iew con olle (MVC), es ablishing
Expe imen al on-line pla o m o p oduc concep ual design: OpenDesigNe
INGENIERÍA E INVESTIGACIÓN VOL. 33 No. 3, DECEMBER - 2013 (61-65)
64
di ision be ween use in e ace laye , business ules and access
o da a conce ning MySQL; and
An en i onmen le el: his allows access o supplie s o public
se ices h ough a bi-di ec ional API and he gene a ion o web
se ices o p o ide he on end wi h aluable in o ma ion gen-
e a ed in he pla o m (access o da a bases – ADOdb).
ODN pla o m su ey assessmen
Expe imen al de elopmen o any use -o ien a ed digi al pla o m
equi es a alida ion phase con aining he p o iles in ol ed in i s
u u e use. The e o e, di e en su eys and expe imen s we e de-
eloped wi h use s allowing he pu i ica ion o wo k lows and in-
o ma ion, as well as he aes he ic and unc ional alida ion o he
pla o m. The Uni e si a Poli écnica o Valéncia e ised he pla -
o m om an aes he ic and unc ional poin o iew and analysed
managemen o inal asks.
The asks we e ocused on u u e designe s (g adua es) whose
knowledge abou he In e ne and new echnologies would de ine
hem as po en ial expe use s in digi al en i onmen s and appli-
ca ions o ien a ed owa ds indus ial p oduc design.
O ien a ion o he s uden p o ile su ey was aimed a analysing
hei p io knowledge and use o a ailable ICTs and sa is ac ion
wi h collabo a i e ools es ablished on he ODN pla o m. The
su ey was designed aking heu is ic e alua ion (HE) c i e ia in o
accoun (Nielsen, 1994) and Web usabili y e alua ion p ocess
(WUEP) c i e ia based on use sa is ac ion wi h end-use s
(Younghwa & Koza , 2012; Fe nandez e al., 2013).
The ques ions posed e alua ed o e all aspec s ela ed o he
ODN pla o m and he pla o m’s collabo a i e ools (cha , o-
ums, e c...). The c i e ia p oposed o ques ions in he su ey o
s uden s ook in o accoun s uden s’ p edisposi ion ega ding
knowledge o he In e ne and compu e media. A se o c i e ia
o ien a ed owa ds h ee main blocks o ques ions was hus es-
ablished; pa 1 in ol ed ques ions ega ding gene al in o ma ion
abou s uden s, pa 2 ques ions ela ed o hei knowledge and
use o ICTs and pa 3 ques ions o assessing he pla o m’s sa -
is ac ion le el.
The su ey was conduc ed la e on in he second qua e o he
i s yea , since he s uden s would ha e acqui ed a basic
knowledge o wha p oduc design was all abou . The su ey was
ca ied ou wi h 106 i s yea Indus ial Design s uden s s udying
a he Uni e si a Poli écnica o Valéncia (42 male and 64 emale).
The ime in ol ed in p esen ing/ aking he su ey was as ollows:
- An in o ma i e p esen a ion o he su ey (5-10 minu es), in-
ol ing a p esen a ion o he in en ion o he ODN pla o m
and he su ey;
- An access phase and egis a ion on he ODN pla o m (5-10
minu es), demons a ing main access o he pla o m and s u-
den s we e enabled quick egis a ion o he pla o m by using
e-mail and a passwo d c ea ed by he s uden s hemsel es.
Once con i ma ion had been ecei ed, use s we e asked o
access he a ea o hei p o iles and comple e he applica ion
ega ding hei public and p i a e p o iles;
- A collabo a i e ools’ access phase in he "my p o ile" a ea (20
minu es) in ol ed s uden s ag eeing o he communica ion
ools a ailable wi hin he pe sonalised a ea, mo e speci ically
o h ee applica ions; a o um, a blog and he news a ea. Use s
we e asked o pe o m speci ic asks like iewing / answe ing
a o um, iewing / answe ing a blog and seeing / c ea ing a
s o y/news; and
- A elema ic su ey phase (20 minu es) whe e he in e iewe
p o ided a link o access he on-line su ey c ea ed by he
s uden s.
SPSS so wa e was used o analysing su ey esul s, based on
me hodological c i e ia such as equency analysis o su ey e-
sponses (wi hou gende di e ences), a e ages and s anda d de i-
a ion conce ning all ques ions, analysing co ela ion be ween a -
iables, using he Chi-squa ed es and using con ingency g aphic
cha s o isualise compa ed answe dis ibu ion.
The o e all esul s led o d awing he i s conclusions ela ed o
each block o ques ions. A signi ican inc ease in women aking
echnical ca ee s was ound in pa 1, as well as compu e a aila-
bili y in 100% o cases.
Pa 2 (conce ning ICT managemen ) e ealed a high pe cen age
o compu e a ailabili y a home, accompanied by domes ic use s’
knowledge o i s use. Rega ding In e ne use and managemen o
i s applica ions, i was ound ha he e was a g ea di e ence e-
ga ding a e age knowledge conce ning he managemen o ope -
a ing sys ems such as Windows compa ed o Open Sou ce (OS)
sys ems. Howe e , a good ange o knowledge ega ding he use
o e-mail, collabo a i e en i onmen s, b owse s, social ne wo king
ools and on-line communica ion was seen.
Pa 3 (designed o e alua e gene al sa is ac ion abou he use o
OpenDesigNe as a pla o m) e ealed posi i e e alua ion ega d-
ing all ques ions ela ed o use ulness, use, lea nabili y and sa is-
ac ion. Howe e , he mos signi ican e alua ion conce ned he
ools and collabo a i e applica ions ollowing he same c i e ia,
which led o e i ying s uden s’ accep ance o implemen ed appli-
ca ions on he pla o m as an aid o documen managemen and
communica ion ega ding o e all p ojec design (Figu e 4).
Conclusions
The mos impo an conclusion eached conce ned de ec ing
g ea po en ial in de eloping new on-line collabo a i e en i on-
men s o designe s ocused on imp o ing mul idisciplina y eams’
communica i e managemen wi h companies (SMC). The need o
op imise esou ces and p omo e u u e p oduc s om he ne
wi hin a p oduc enginee ing en i onmen will a ec he way in
which we cu en ly es ablish communica ion wi h SMC and de-
signe s (i.e. g adua es wo king in his a ea).
No ice designe s know how o un a el he collabo a i e en i on-
men s on he ne a a social le el, bu do no know ha his
knowledge can be used in hei p o ession (i.e. once hey g adua e)
conce ning communica ion wi h SMC, making communica ion and
p omo ion conce ning new p oduc s on he ma ke mo e lexible.
The su ey e ealed posi i e willingness ega ding he use o pla -
o ms like OpenDesigNe by u u e designe s and he accep ance
o his ype o i ual en i onmen as an a ea o expe imen ing
and collabo a i e wo k in designing and c ea ing new p oduc s.
An impo an conclusion conce ned he g ea po en ial in de el-
oping new on-line collabo a i e en i onmen s o p o essionals
aimed a imp o ing managemen and communica ion aspec s be-
ween mul idisciplina y eams and businesses. The need o op i-
mise on-line esou ces and p omo e u u e p oduc s in he ield
o p oduc enginee ing a ec s cu en communica ion be ween
companies and designe s.
MAGAL-ROYO, JORDA-ALBIÑANA AND LOZANO-SUAZA
INGENIERÍA E INVESTIGACIÓN VOL. 33 No. 3, DECEMBER - 2013 (61-65)
65
No ice designe s know how o unc ion in collabo a i e en i on-
men s on social ne wo ks bu do no know ha such knowledge
can help hem in hei u u e ca ee s wi h companies, s eamline
communica ion and p omo e new p oduc s on he ma ke .
The su ey indica ed an o e all posi i e willingness in using pla -
o ms like OpenDesigNe o u u e designe s and he accep ance
o i ual en i onmen s as an a ea o expe imen a ion and collab-
o a i e wo k in designing and c ea ing new p oduc s.
Acknowledgemen s
This a icle has eme ged om in es iga ion wi hin a p ojec en i-
led, "De elopmen and implemen a ion o goods and se ices
based on new echnologies o collabo a i e wo king p ocess de-
sign and p oduc de elopmen in SMC in he wooden u ni u e
sec o ." "Open Design Se ices - ODS" TSI-020110-2009-297, i-
nanced by Plan A anza I + D, 2009-2010.
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