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Lobe a González, MP.; Se a Al a o, JM.; Foghmoes, SP.; Søgaa d, M.; Kaise , A. (2011).
On he Use o Suppo ed Ce ia Memb anes o Oxy uel p ocess / Syngas p oduc ion.
Jou nal o Memb ane Science. 385(1-2):154-161. doi:10.1016/j.memsci.2011.09.031
h p://dx.doi.o g/10.1016/j.memsci.2011.09.031
h p://hdl.handle.ne /10251/75670
Documen downloaded om:
This pape mus be ci ed as:
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Addi ional In o ma ion
Else ie
Lobe a González, MP.; Se a Al a o, JM.; Foghmoes, SP.; Søgaa d, M.; Kaise , A. (2011).
On he Use o Suppo ed Ce ia Memb anes o Oxy uel p ocess / Syngas p oduc ion.
Jou nal o Memb ane Science. 385(1-2):154-161. doi:10.1016/j.memsci.2011.09.031
h p://dx.doi.o g/10.1016/j.memsci.2011.09.031
h p://hdl.handle.ne /10251/75670
1/19
On he Use o Suppo ed Ce ia Memb anes o Oxy uel p ocess /
Syngas P oduc ion
M. Pila Lobe a1, José M. Se a1*, Sø en P. Foghmoes2, Ma in Søgaa d2, And eas
Kaise 2
1Ins i u o de Tecnología Química (Uni e sidad Poli écnica de Valencia - Consejo Supe io de
In es igaciones Cien í icas), A . Na anjos s/n, E-46022 Valencia, Spain.
2Fuel Cells and Solid S a e Chemis y Depa men , Risø Na ional Labo a o y o Sus ainable Ene gy,
Technical Uni e si y o Denma k - DTU, Building 228, P.O. Box 49, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denma k
* Co esponding au ho . Tel: + 34.963879448 E-mail: jmse a@i q.up .es
Jou nal o Memb ane Science 385– 386 (2011) 154– 161
(doi: 10.1016/j.memsci.2011.09.031)
Abs ac
Ce amic oxygen anspo memb anes (OTMs) enable selec i e oxygen sepa a ion om
ai a high empe a u es. Among se e al po en ial applica ions o OTMs, he use in (1)
oxygen p oduc ion o oxy uel powe plan s and (2) he in eg a ion in high- empe a u e
ca aly ic memb ane eac o s o alkane upg ading h ough selec i e oxida i e eac ions
a e o special in e es . Ne e heless, hese applica ions in ol e he di ec con ac o he
memb ane su ace wi h ca bon- ich a mosphe es. Mos s a e-o - he-a pe meable
memb anes a e based on pe o ski es, which a e p one o ca bona ion unde ope a ion in
CO2- ich en i onmen s and/o decomposi ion in educing gas en i onmen s. The
oxygen lux h ough suppo ed hin ilm memb anes o Ce0.9Gd0.1O1.95-δ (CGO) wi h 2%
mol. o cobal was measu ed o oxygen sepa a ion in oxy uel p ocesses and in syngas
p oduc ion and deg ada ion was compa ed o pe o ski e memb anes. The CGO
memb anes consis o a 27 µm- hick gas igh CGO laye suppo ed on a po ous CGO
subs a e. The la su ace o he memb ane was coa ed using wo di e en po ous
ca aly ic laye s aiming o imp o e he oxygen ac i a ion a e on he pe mea e side while
he po ous subs a e was in il a ed wi h an oxygen educ ion ca alys . Oxygen
sepa a ion was s udied using ai as eed and a gon/CO2 o a gon/CH4 mix u es as sweep
gas in he empe a u e ange 750-1000 ºC. The suppo ed memb ane exhibi ed a
maximum oxygen lux o ca. 5 ml·min-1·cm-2 a 1000 ºC when dilu ed me hane was
used as sweep gas. The CGO memb ane showed high s abili y in CO2 (in con as o
es s on La0.6S 0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3- (LSCF) memb anes) and no de imen al e ec on he
oxygen lux is obse ed when CO2 is p esen in he sweep gas e en a empe a u es
below 800 ºC. Mo eo e , he SEM analysis showed ha memb ane in eg i y emained
s able a e he pe mea ion es s using CO2.
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Keywo ds: ce ium gadolinium oxide, suppo ed memb ane, ape cas ing, MIEC;
syngas; oxy uel
3/19
1. In oduc ion
Ce amic mixed ionic-elec onic conduc ing (MIEC) memb anes enable he selec i e
oxygen sepa a ion om ai a high empe a u es. Two key indus ial applica ions o
oxygen- anspo memb anes a e (1) oxygen p oduc ion o powe gene a ion om
ossil uel in oxy uel powe plan s [1, 2] and (2) he in eg a ion in high- empe a u e
ca aly ic memb ane eac o s o me hane o alkane upg ading by selec i e oxida i e
con e sions, o ins ance, pa ial oxida ion o me hane (POM) o p oduce syngas [3, 4].
Howe e , hese applica ions in ol e he con ac wi h ca bon-bea ing a mosphe es and
mos o s a e-o - he-a highly-pe meable MIEC memb anes do no ole a e he
ope a ion unde CO2- ich en i onmen s, due o ca bona ion p ocesses [5-7]. The mos
p omising ma e ials a e pe o ski es wi h he o mula ABO3 [8], comp ising alkali-ea h
me al ca ions in he A-posi ion. High oxygen pe mea ion luxes ha e been epo ed e en
in oxidizing condi ions, o single phase ma e ials such as S Co0.8Fe0.2O3- (SCF) [9],
Ba0.5S 0.5Co0.8Fe0.2O3- (BSCF) [10, 11], La0.6S 0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3- (LSCF) [12]. Howe e ,
hese pe o ski es a e chemically uns able unde la ge oxygen chemical po en ial
g adien s (e.g. ai /me hane) and in p esence o CO2, SO2 o H2O, leading o deg ada ion
in oxygen lux and possibly mechanical in eg i y wi h ime [6, 7, 13].
Lan hanide subs i u ed ce ia ma e ials p esen a combina ion o high oxygen-ion
mobili y and chemical compa ibili y wi h wa e and ca bon dioxide a high
empe a u es. n- ype elec onic conduc i i y can be in oduced in o he s uc u e by
pa ial educ ion o he ce ium (IV) ion a high empe a u es unde educing condi ions.
Recen epo s show he po en ial o oxygen sepa a ion in monoli hic doped/mul idoped
ce ia memb anes [14-16]. Mo eo e , gadolinium doped ce ia (Ce0.9Gd0.1O1.95-δ, CGO)
was sugges ed as oxygen sepa a ion memb ane o syngas applica ion. On plana , hin
ilm CGO memb anes on po ous NiO-YSZ suppo s oxygen luxes as high as 16 ml
min-1 cm2 could be ob ained by placing he memb ane be ween ai and humidi ied
hyd ogen (o me hane) a 900°C [17, 18].
The p esen wo k shows he unc ional cha ac e iza ion o oxygen sepa a ion
memb anes made o a gas igh hin ilm laye o Ce0.9Gd0.1O1.95-δ (CGO), suppo ed on a
po ous CGO subs a e. The op la su ace o he memb ane was coa ed using wo
di e en po ous ca aly ic laye s aiming o imp o e he oxygen ac i a ion a e on he
pe mea e side. Oxygen sepa a ion was s udied using ai as eed and a gon/CO2 o

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a gon/CH4 mix u es as sweep gas in he empe a u e ange 750-1000 ºC. Special
a en ion is paid o he memb ane s abili y in CO2 unde ope a ion.
2. Expe imen al
A hin ilm CGO memb ane suppo ed by a po ous CGO subs a e was p epa ed using
ape cas ing, lamina ion, co-sin e ing and cu ing. The e hanol based slu ies o ape
cas ing o he suppo and memb ane laye we e p epa ed by ball milling an ul a low
su ace a ea powde o CGO om Rhodia S.A. (F ance), a PVB based binde sys em
and a polye hylene imine (PEI, b anched, M.W. 10,000, 99% Al a Aesa ) as a
dispe san . 2 mol% o cobal (II) ni a e (Cobal (II) ni a e hexahyd a e, 97.7 % min,
Al a Aesa ) was added as a sin e ing aid a e d ying in a desicca o o emo e excess
wa e . In he slu y o ape cas ing o he po ous CGO subs a e abou 5 ol.-% g aphi e
(V-UF1, 99.9, G aphi K op mühl AG, Ge many) was added as a po e o me . The ape
cas ed laye s o he hin ilm CGO memb ane and he po ous CGO suppo we e
combined by lamina ion (i.e., applica ion o hea and p essu e on o he ubes be ween
wo olls). Round memb anes (Ø = 34 mm) we e s amped ou om he g een memb ane
apes be o e sin e ing. In a binde emo al s ep he o ganics we e emo ed by a e y
slow de-binde ing p o ile o a oid damage o he s uc u e. Subsequen ly, he s uc u e
was sin e ed in ai a 1300 ºC o 2 h. The sin e ed memb ane s uc u es we e lase -cu
o he inal dimensions (diame e o 15 mm, o al hickness o abou 0.3 mm and a CGO
memb ane hickness o abou 25 µm). A e sin e ing, he po ous suppo s o CGO we e
imp egna ed wi h ni a es co esponding o he nominal composi ion La0.6S 0.4Co1.05O3-
(LSC40). In a p e ious s udy i has been shown ha LSC40 imp egna ed in a e y
po ous (>70%) and hin (25 µm) backbone s uc u e p o ided a highly ac i e oxygen
educ ion elec ode/ac i a ion laye [19]. In ha case i was ound ha an op imal
pe o mance was ound i LSC40 was imp egna ed in an amoun co esponding o 17
ol% in he CGO backbone. The imp egna ion o he suppo s cha ac e ized he e was
ca ied ou in a simila way as by Samson e al. [19], excep ha he cells be ween each
imp egna ion we e inse ed di ec ly in o a u nace a 350°C.
On op o he CGO memb ane laye , a po ous ca aly ic laye was applied by sc een-
p in ing. The ca alys laye s we e composed o ei he Ba0.5S 0.5Co0.8Fe0.2O3- (BSCF) o
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cobal -doped Ce0.8Tb0.2O2- (CeTbO+Co). BSCF powde was p o ided by F aunho e
IKTS (He msdo , Ge many) and cobal -doped Ce0.8Tb0.2O2- (CeTbO+Co) was
p epa ed by a co-p ecipi a ion ou e ollowing he p ocedu e desc ibed in e . [14].
Fo ma ion o he co esponding c ys alline s uc u e (pe o ski e o luo i e) was
checked by X- ay di ac ion, using a Philips X’pe P o equipped wi h X’cele a o
de ec o using monoch oma ic Cu K adia ion. XRD pa e ns we e eco ded in he 2
ange om 10 o 90 º and analyzed using X’pe Highsco e Plus so wa e (PANaly ical).
The sc een-p in ing inks we e p epa ed by mixing he ball-milled powde s wi h a
solu ion o 94 w .% e pineol and 6 w .% e hylene cellulose. G aphi e (Ald ich) was
added as a po e o me in he sc een-p in ing ink. Then, g aphi e is emo ed in he
ul e io sin e ing s ep. This p ocess gene a es a mac opo ous sys em ha aims o
p omo e he gas anspo h ough he ca aly ic laye . The ink homogeniza ion was
conduc ed using a h ee- oll mill. The coa ed memb anes we e sin e ed in ai o 2 h.
The sin e ing empe a u e o he sc een p in ed laye s esul s om he di e se sin e ing
ac i i ies o each ma e ial, he eby he memb ane wi h a BSCF coa ing was sin e ed a
1010 ºC and he memb ane wi h a CeTbO+Co coa ing, a 1050 ºC. The ma e ial
CeTbO+Co has been chosen o he ollowing easons [14]: (1) s abili y in CO2-bea ing
a mosphe es; (2) mixed ionic-elec onic conduc i i y a high pO2 and high
empe a u es; and (3) high su ace exchange ac i i y as de e mined by conduc i i y
elaxa ion. Figu e 1 shows a schema ic c oss sec ion o he memb ane assembly and
de ails o he es ing se up. The mic os uc u e o he memb anes was analyzed by SEM
and EDS in a JEOL JSM6300 elec on mic oscope.
La0.6S 0.4Fe0.8Co0.2O3- (LSCF) monoli hic memb anes we e p epa ed as e e ence by
uniaxial p essing ollowed by sin e ing a 1250 ºC. The inal memb ane dimensions
we e 15 mm in diame e and ~ 0.8 mm hickness. A e sin e ing he memb ane su ace
was polished p io o es ing.
Oxygen pe mea ion es s we e pe o med on 15 mm diame e disk-shape memb anes.
Sealing was done using gold gaske s in a qua z lab-scale eac o desc ibed p e iously
[5]. The empe a u e was measu ed by a he mocouple close o he memb ane su ace.
Oxygen was sepa a ed om a syn he ic ai mix u e (21% / O2). The pe mea e was
analyzed by on-line gas ch oma og aphy using a mic o-GC (Va ian CP-4900) equipped
wi h Molsie e5A, Po a-Plo -Q glass capilla y, and CP-Sil modules. All s eams we e
6/19
indi idually mass low con olled. Memb ane gas leak ee condi ions we e ensu ed by
moni o ing ni ogen concen a ion on he pe mea e gas s eam.
3. Resul s and Discussion
3.1 Memb ane mic os uc u e
Figu e 2 p esen s he SEM images o ac u e c oss-sec ion o he samples a e
pe mea ion es s. Figu e 2a shows an o e iew o he CGO po ous suppo ( hickness o
suppo is app oxima ely 300 µm). The po osi y o he suppo is abou 25% de e mined
by Hg po osime y. The po e size o he subs a es anges om 1 o 4 µm while he
CGO g ain size in he suppo is 0.5 o 1 µm. Rega ding he ca aly ic subs a e
in il a ion, EDS analysis o e la ge a eas indica ed ha i was only easible o
imp egna e 1-2 Vol% o LSC40 in he po ous suppo s uc u e a e 6 imp egna ions.
The low amoun imp egna ed in he p esen po ous s uc u e is a ibu ed o he
ela i ely low po osi y and small po e size. This can pose a p oblem as he e is no
enough oxygen educ ion ca alys ma e ial in he s uc u e and he e o e a la ge pa o
he d i ing o ce o he oxygen anspo can in a wo s case scena io be loca ed a he
eed side o he memb ane. Fu he ce amic p ocessing de elopmen on CGO
memb anes (no epo ed in his pape ) indica es ha he po osi y in he suppo can be
adjus ed o 35 o 45% by he amoun o po e o me (g aphi e) and he sin e ing
condi ions.
The hickness o he gas igh CGO memb ane was de e mined o be 27  0.5 m om
SEM images (see Figu e 2b). Figu e 2c and 2d show he memb ane wi h di e en
ca aly ic laye s composed o BSCF and CeTbO+Co, espec i ely. The oxygen BSCF
ac i a ion laye ha e an open mic os uc u e wi h mac opo es and a homogeneous
hickness o 19  0.5 µm. The CeTbO+Co ca aly ic laye p esen s a la ge hickness o
54  0.5 µm and he mean po e size in his case is signi ican ly smalle due o he lowe
sin e ing ac i i y o CeTbO+Co. Bo h laye s show an a e age pa icle size well below 1
µm while he mean size o he p ima y CeTbO+Co c ys alli es is 60 nm as de e mined
by XRD. Finally, he in eg i y o bo h ca aly ic po ous laye s was p ese ed du ing he
whole oxygen pe mea ion es s, as in e ed by XRD and SEM analysis.
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3.2 Oxygen pe meabili y
3.2.1 In luence o sweep gas low a es, QSweep
Figu e 3 shows he oxygen pe mea ion luxes h ough he su ace-ac i a ed CGO
suppo ed memb anes a a ious low a es o A as sweep gas (QSweep). The J(O2) was
s ongly in luenced by he inc ease o he sweep gas low a e; and his is a ibu ed o
wo main e ec s. Fi s ly, he dec ease in he oxygen pa ial p essu e in he pe mea e
side (pO2“) and he consequen inc ease in he oxygen chemical po en ial g adien ac oss
he hickness o he memb ane (i.e. he d i ing o ce o he oxygen pe mea ion p ocess).
Secondly, he a ia ion o he sweep gas low a e also a ec s he luid dynamics
beha io o he memb ane eac o (Figu e 1b) due o an inc ease in he sweep gas low
a e educes he concen a ion pola iza ion esis ance a he pe mea e memb ane side.
Concen a ion pola iza ion becomes ypically mo e ele an in his kind o se up [20]
o gas low a es below 100 ml·min-1 and his is p obably he eason o he s eep
change a 50 ml·min-1 in Figu e 3, which is mo e isible o he memb ane eaching he
highes lux alues. Consequen ly, gas-phase esis ance appea s o be a mino
con ibu ion o he whole p ocess esis ance, especially a low J(O2) alues and when
compa ed o ha o solid s a e di usion and exchange eac ions [10, 20]. On he o he
hand, p ope gas sweeping allows dec easing he pe mea e pa ial p essu e jus by a
simple dilu ion p ocess.
The pe mea ion lux ob ained using he memb anes wi h wo di e en ac i a ion laye s
di e subs an ially. Namely, he BSCF-ac i a ed laye allows achie ing an oxygen lux
a ound 4 imes highe han he lux ob ained using he CeTbO-ac i a ed memb anes.
The main easons o his a e ela ed o cha ac e is ics o he CeTbO+Co po ous laye :
(1) The ambipola conduc i i y o he CeTbO+Co ma e ial unde high pO2 is e y
limi ed especially ega ding BSCF and he e o e he expec ed ca aly ically ac i e
hickness o he po ous laye may be e y small. Addi ionally, he CeTbO+Co
laye p esen s a la ge hickness (54 µm, almos a 3 imes o he BSCF laye ).
Bo h e ec s would lead o (a) he educ ion o he ca aly ically-ac i e hickness o
he po ous laye and (b) possible concen a ion pola iza ion in he gas anspo
h ough he po e sys em. In summa y, i seems ha he CeTbO laye adds a new
14/19
Acknowledgemen s
Financial suppo by he Spanish Minis y o Science and Inno a ion (P ojec
ENE2008-06302) and by he EU h ough FP7 NASA-OTM P ojec (NMP3-SL-2009-
228701) is kindly acknowledged.

15/19
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memb anes. Jou nal o Memb ane Science 378 (2011) 290-300.
[21] C. Cha zich is odoulou, M. Søgaa d, P.V. Hend iksen, Oxygen pe mea ion in hin,
dense Ce0.9Gd0.1O1.95-δ memb anes. Pa I: Model s udy. Jou nal o The Elec ochemical
Socie y, 158 (2011) F61-F72.
[22] E. Gi dauskai e, H. Ullmann, V.V. Vashook, U. Gu h, G.B. Ca aman, E. Buche ,
W. Si e, Oxygen anspo p ope ies o Ba0.5S 0.5Co0.8Fe0.2O3- and
Ca0.5S 0.5Mn0.8Fe0.2O3- ob ained om pe mea ion and conduc i i y elaxa ion
expe imen s. Solid S a e Ionics, 179 (2008) 385-392.
17/19
[23] W. Xie, H.F. Cheng, Z.Y. Chu, Z.H. Chen, E ec o ca boniza ion ime on he
s uc u e and elec omagne ic pa ame e s o po ous-hollow ca bon ib es. Ce amics
In e na ional, 35 (2009) 2705-2710.
[24] C. Table , G. G ube , H. Wang, T. Schies el, M. Sch oede , B. Langanke, J. Ca o,
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pe o ski e oxides wi h CO2 in he absence and p esence o H2O and O2. Applied
Ca alysis B: En i onmen al, 80 (2008) 24-31.
[27] V.B. Ve , J.M. Se a, S udy o CO2 s abili y and elec ochemical oxygen
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TbBaCo3ZnO7+ sys em. Jou nal o Powe Sou ces, 196 (2011) 4270-4276.
18/19
FIGURE CAPTIONS
Figu e 1. (a) Scheme o a c oss sec ion o he assembly hin ilm CGO memb ane. (b)
Schema ic o he qua z memb ane eac o design
Figu e 2. SEM images o he ac u e c oss-sec ion o he ce ia memb anes a e he
pe mea ion es (a) CGO po ous suppo ; (b) CGO suppo ed memb ane (c) BSCF as
ca aly ic coa ing (d) CeTbO+Co as ca aly ic coa ing
Figu e 3. Dependence o he oxygen pe mea ion lux h ough ac i a ed memb anes on
he sweep gas low a e (QSweep). (a) BSCF as ca aly ic coa ing, (b) CeTbO+Co as
ca aly ic coa ing. Inse : co esponding a ia ion o he oxygen lux as a unc ion o pO2
in he pe mea e.
Figu e 4. The dependence o he oxygen pe mea ion lux o a CGO suppo ed
memb ane on he oxygen pa ial p essu e di e ence on he ai side (pO2‘) and sweep
side (pO2“) a 950 ºC and 850 ºC. A gon is he sweep gas. (a) BSCF as ca aly ic coa ing;
(b) CeTbO+Co as ca aly ic coa ing.
Figu e 5. Oxygen pe mea ion lux h ough ac i a ed memb ane as a unc ion o he
empe a u e and oxygen pa ial p essu e in he eed side. CeTbO+Co as ca aly ic
coa ing; A gon as sweep gas; QSweep=400 ml·min-1; QFeed=100 ml·min-1.
Figu e 6. Oxygen pe mea ion lux h ough ac i a ed memb anes as a unc ion o he
empe a u e and ai low a e. A gon as sweep gas; QSweep=400 ml·min-1; pO2‘=0.21 a m;
(a) BSCF as ca aly ic coa ing; (b) CeTbO+Co as ca aly ic coa ing.
Figu e 7. Oxygen pe mea ion unde me hane eed as a unc ion o he empe a u e.
QSweep=65 ml·min-1; QFeed=60 ml·min-1; syn he ic ai as eed (pO2’=0.21 a m);
CeTbO+Co as ca aly ic coa ing.
Figu e 8. Tempe a u e dependence o oxygen pe mea ion lux h ough coa ed CGO
suppo ed memb ane and he monoli hic LSCF memb ane. Pe o mance a e 48 h in
CO2 a mosphe e a 750 ºC. A gon as sweep gas; QSweep=65 ml·min-1; QFeed=60 ml·min-
1; syn he ic ai as eed (pO2’=0.21 a m); ca aly ic coa ing: CeTbO+Co.
Figu e 9. E ec o he p esence o CO2 in he sweep gas. Tempe a u e dependence o
oxygen pe mea ion lux h ough MIEC memb anes. .Syn he ic ai as eed (pO2’=0.21
a m), QFeed=60 ml·min-1; sweep gas was A o a mix u e A /CO2 (85/15 ol.); QSweep=65
ml·min-1. (a) LSCF (b) ac i a ed CGO suppo ed memb ane; ca aly ic coa ing:
CeTbO+Co.
Figu e 10. Tempe a u e dependence o oxygen pe mea ion lux h ough ac i a ed
memb anes: e ec o he pO2 a ia ion in he inle sweep gas. QSweep=400 ml·min-1,
19/19
QFeed=60 ml·min-1; syn he ic ai as eed (pO2’=0.21 a m); (a) BSCF as ca aly ic coa ing;
(b) CeTbO+Co as ca aly ic coa ing.

On heUseo Suppo edCe iaMemb anes o Oxy uelp ocess/Syngasp oduc ion
ByM.Pila Lobe a,JoséM.Se a,Sø en P.Foghmoes,Ma inSøgaa d, And easKaise
Figu e1
(a) (b) T
A (Sweep gas)
N2 + O2
A + O2
A + O2
100 m
Po ous CGO suppo
Imp egna ed wi h LSC
CGO memb ane
Ca aly ic coa ing
Sweep gas
Feed
(a)
10 m
Suppo
(b)
10 m
Memb ane
(c)
20 m
Ca . Laye : BSCF
(d)
20 m
Ca . Laye : CeTbO+Co
On heUseo Suppo edCe iaMemb anes o Oxy uelp ocess/Syngasp oduc ion
ByM.Pila Lobe a,JoséM.Se a,Sø enP.Foghmoes,Ma inSøgaa d, And easKaise
Figu e2
On heUseo Suppo edCe iaMemb anes o Oxy uelp ocess/Syngasp oduc ion
ByM.Pila Lobe a,JoséM.Se a,Sø en P.Foghmoes,Ma inSøgaa d, And easKaise
Figu e3
0 200 400
0.0100.010
0.050
0.1000.100
0.500
0 200 400
QSweep (ml min-1)
J(O2) (ml min-1 cm-2)
(a) Coa ing: BSCF (b) Coa ing: CeTbO+Co
10-4 10-3
0.0
0.1
J(O2) (ml min-1 cm-2)
pO2'' (a m)
900 ºC
850 ºC
800 ºC
10-4 10-3
0.0
0.2
0.4
pO2'' (a m)
900 ºC
850 ºC
800 ºC
J(O2) (ml min-1 cm-2)
On heUseo Suppo edCe iaMemb anes o Oxy uelp ocess/Syngasp oduc ion
ByM.Pila Lobe a,JoséM.Se a,Sø en P.Foghmoes,Ma inSøgaa d, And easKaise
Figu e4
0.00 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08
0.0
0.2
0.4
0.6
J(O2) (ml min-1 cm-2)
pO2' n-pO2'' n0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20
0.00
0.05
0.10
0.15
0.20
J(O2) (ml min-1 cm-2)
pO2' n-pO2'' n
(a) Coa ing: BSCF (b) Coa ing: CeTbO+Co
950 ºC 950 ºC
n=0.0074
R2=0.9892 850 ºC
850 ºC
n=0.0086
R2=0.9985
n=0.0016
R2=0.9923
n=0.0022
R2=0.9958
020406080100
2 he a
In ensi y (a.u.)
Suppo ingIn o ma ion
F om “On he Use o Suppo ed Ce ia Memb anes o Oxy uel p ocess / Syngas p oduc ion “ by
M. Pila Lobe a; José M. Se a*; Ma in Søgaa d; And eas Kaise
Figu eS1
-.XRD pa e ns. Ba0.5S 0.5Co0.8Fe0.2O3-

and Ce0.8Tb0.2O2-

+ 2% Co mol powde sa e inal sin e ed.-
BSCF
CeTbO+Co

10-4 10-3
0.00
0.05
0.10
J(O2) (ml min-1 cm-2)
pO2'' (a m)
900 ºC
850 ºC
800 ºC
10-4 10-3
0.0
0.2
0.4
pO2'' (a m)
900 ºC
850 ºC
800 ºC
J(O2) (ml min-1 cm-2)
Figu eS2
-. Dependence o he oxygen pe mea ion lux h ough ac i a ed memb anes as a unc ion o pO2in he
pe mea e; (a) BSCF as ca aly ic coa ing, (b) CeTbO+Co as ca aly ic coa ing.-
(a) Coa ing: BSCF (b) Coa ing: CeTbO+Co
Figu eS3
48 h
15 % CO2in A
T=750 ºC
Oxygen pe mea ion es
A as sweep gas
T=750 ºC o 1000 ºC
Oxygen pe mea ion es
A as sweep gas
T=1000 ºC o 750 ºC
-. Expe imen al p ocedu e o he CO2s abili y s udy, including a ca bona ion s ep and
subsequen pe mea ion es .-
Figu eS4
-. Pos mo em SEM analysis o he ac u e c oss-sec ion co esponding o he LSCF memb anes, he
op side is he side exposed o he sweep gas du ing he pe mea ion es ing.-
LSCF
30 m