P ocedia Enginee ing 44 ( 2012 ) 678 – 680
1877-7058 © 2012 Published by Else ie L d.
doi: 10.1016/j.p oeng.2012.08.527
Eu omemb ane Con e ence 2012
[P1.005]
Fab ica ion and cha ac e iza ion o o ganic pe apo a ion memb anes o eco e e hyl
ace a e o aqueous solu ions
J. Ga cía-I a s, M.I. Alcaina-Mi anda*, M.I. Ibo a-Cla , A. Ibo a-Cla
Uni e sidad Poli écnica de Valencia, Spain
In oduc ion
Nowadays, he e a e many indus ies ha employ o ganic sol en s in hei p ocesses,
gene a ing was ewa e s ha cause se ious en i onmen al p oblems. These o ganic compounds
a e mainly ola ile chemical p oduc s a oom- empe a u e condi ions (VOCs) which may in ol e
heal h p oblems o humans [1]. To elimina e and eco e hese compounds adi ional p ocess
as dis illa ion is no a a ailable al e na i e, p incipally o highe ene gy consume, low
concen a ion o p esence o azeo opes [2, 3] in he e luen s. Howe e eme ging echnologies
as pe apo a ion (PV) and memb ane dis illa ion (DM) can be a e y sui able al e na i es,
especially in he emo al o ola ile o ganic compounds (VOCs) om indus ial was ewa e s o
con amina ed g oundwa e s.
PV is a sepa a ion p ocess in which mino componen s o a liquid mix u e a e p e e en ially
anspo ed by pa ial apo iza ion h ough a non-po ous pe mselec i e memb ane. Du ing PV,
he eed mix u e is in di ec con ac wi h he memb ane whe eas pe mea e is emo ed in a
apo s a e om he opposi e side in o a acuum and a e is condensed [4]. Fo his eason,
his applica ion has a g ea in e es in many indus ial ields, o example, o ganic compounds
dehyd a ion, azeo opic mix u es sepa a ion, o ganic compounds eco e y, e c.
Among PV p ocess pa ame e s documen ed he e a e p ocess empe a u e, pe mea e p essu e,
eed concen a ion, and eed low a e. The e ec s o hese pa ame e s on PV selec i i y and
pe mea ion lux ha e been s udied ex ensi ely and hese s udies ha e bo ne ui in a be e
unde s anding o many aspec s o PV p ocesses. The challenge in implemen ing PV in p ac ical
ope a ions lies in he u he enhancemen o memb ane quali y o speci ic VOCs as well as
imp o ed managemen and con ol o possible ad e se hu dles coming om eal sys ems.
In his wo k, we s udied he de elopmen o a PV memb ane o labo a o y scale capable o
eco e y e hyl ace a e (EA) om was ewa e p oduced in pain s and a nishes indus ies. The
expe imen s we e ocused on he e iciency o labo a o y an comme cial in es iga ed
memb anes used o he emo al o EA om wa e . Du ing he expe imen s, he ollowing
pa ame e s cha ac e izing sys em we e de e mined: he sepa a ion ac o (α) and he pe mea e
lux (J) in he ba ch mode PV. The in luence o he eed empe a u e and he ini ial con en o
EA in he eed we e in es iga ed. I was p o ed ha wo kinds o memb anes we e selec i e in
he emo al o EA om wa e . The selec i i y and anspo p ope ies as well as he e iciency
pa ame e s we e dependen s ongly no only on he kind o he memb ane and he kind o he
sepa a ed eed mix u e bu also on he p ocess pa ame e s.
Me hods
Fo his objec i e we ha e es ed a sel -made o ganophilic composi e memb ane p epa ed by
c oss-linking eac ions be ween hyd oxyl e mina ed polydime hylsiloxane (PDMS) and
A ailable online a www.sciencedi ec .com
679
J. Ga cuc0u8730 u8800 a-I a s e al. / P ocedia Enginee ing 44 ( 2012 ) 678 – 680
polyme hylhyd osiloxane wi h pendan hyd ide (PHMS) o e polye he sul one suppo ob ained
by phase in e sion. Expe imen al PV memb anes we e es ed join a simila comme cial
o gano ilic PV (PERVAP-1060) supplied by Sulze Chem ec Memb ane Sys ems, in o de o
compa e he bo h memb anes beha iou . Expe imen s we e ca ied ou in a labo a o y pilo
plan ( igu e 1), p o ide wi h a memb ane la module (78cm2 o e ec i e a ea) using di e en
eed concen a ion (1, 3 and 5 % EA-wa e mix u es) a di e en empe a u es.
Figu e 1. Schema ic diag am o ab ica ed labo a o y PV pilo plan .
In o de o analyze he anspo mechanism in PV p ocesses, as well as he consequences
su e ed by he memb anes o such p ocess, he s uc u al changes o he memb anes abo e
men ioned we e s udied h ough mic oscopic echniques, like scanning elec on mic oscopy
(SEM) and a omic o ce mic oscopy (AFM). Also, he pe o mances o bo h memb anes we e
sys ema ically in es iga ed by means o a e ac ome e o de e mine he selec i i y ac o (D)
es ima ed by Eq. (1) and he o al pe mea e lux (J). The pa ial lux was es ima ed by Eq. (2):
EA
EA
EA
EA
x
x
y
y


1
1
D
(Eq.1)
EAiy
JJ
·
(Eq.2)
Whe e yEA e e s o he liquid ac ion o EA in he pe mea e and xEA e e s o he liquid ac ion
o EA in he eed.
Resul s
The in luence o wo expe imen al pa ame e s ( eed solu ion empe a u e and solu e
concen a ion, EA) on he beha iou o he wo PV memb anes was es ed, ob aining he
e olu ion o he sepa a ion ac o , o al and pa ial pe mea e lux du ing all ime o he p ocess.
Re e ences
680 J. Ga cuc0u8730 u8800 a-I a s e al. / P ocedia Enginee ing 44 ( 2012 ) 678 – 680
[1] G.L. Jada , V.K. Aswa , P.S. Singh. Cha ac e iza ion o polydime hylsiloxane pe apo a ion
memb anes using small-angle neu on sca e ing. Jou nal o Memb ane Science 378 (2011)
194– 202.
[2] Y. Naidu, R.K. Malik. A gene alized me hodology o op imal con igu a ions o hyb id
dis illa ion–pe apo a ion p ocesses. Chemical Enginee ing Resea ch and Design 89 (2011)
1348-1361.
[3] S. Xia, X. Dong, Y. Zhu, W. Wei, F. Xiangli, W. Jin. Dehyd a ion o e hyl ace a e–wa e
mix u es using PVA/ce amic composi e pe apo a ion memb ane. Sepa a ion and Pu i ica ion
Technology 77 (2011) 53-59.
[4] J. Neel. In oduc ion o pe apo a ion; in: Pe apo a ion Memb ane Sepa a ion P ocesses;
R. Y. M. Huang (Ed.); Ams e dam, 1, 1991.
Keywo ds: Pe apo a ion, VOCs, memb ane ab ica ion