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Bulle in UASMV Ag icul u e, 66 (1)/2009
P in ISSN 1843-5246; Elec onic ISSN 1843-5386
The E ec o he Design o he Sp eading De ice on he Wo king Wid h
and E ennes o Sp eading in he Case o Cen i ugal Sp eade s
E zsébe ANCZA, Ágnes GINDERT-KELE, Zol án HAGYMÁSSY
Facul y o Ag icul u al Sciences, Uni e si y o Deb ecen
Abs ac . Today a signi ican pa o solid e ilize s a e sp ead by cen i ugal sp eade s all
o e he wo ld, and i is gene al in Hunga y as well. Thei popula i y is due o hei mul iple usage,
simple cons uc ion, low main enance demand, easy ope a ion and low p ice. The ield pe o mance o
spinning disc e ilize sp eade s basically depends on wo ac o s: he o wa d speed and he wo king
wid h. As he e a e some echnical, ope a ional and ene ge ic limi s o inc easing he o wa d speed,
my se objec i e in his s udy is o make u he de elopmen s ela ed o hese machines’ wo king
wid h. Rising he wo king wid h one can lowe he damage o he soil, he cos s o ope a ion, and a
he same ime he a ea o o e lapping alling on uni a ea, and so he une enness o sp eading. Une en
e ilize dis ibu ion will esul in yield loss. The main objec i es o he examina ions p esen ed
he eina e we e o explo e he ela ionships be ween he pa ame e s conside ed impo an om he
abo e men ioned poin o iew.
Keywo ds: cen i ugal sp eade , sp eading de ice, une enness o sp eading, wo king wid h.
INTRODUCTION
The nu ien con en o he soil de e mines he quan i y and he quali y o he yield. In
Hunga y, a i icial e ilize s a e dominan in nu ien supply, as he o ganic manu e
p oducing capaci y o he coun y can only co e one i h (0.5 animal /ha) o o al nu ien
demand. Besides he quan i y and p opo ion o he agen s, de e mined by he demand o he
plan , he high quali y o applica ion is ge ing mo e and mo e impo an .
Today a signi ican pa o solid e ilize s a e sp ead by spinning disc e ilize
sp eade s all o e he wo ld, and i is gene al in Hunga y as well. Thei popula i y is due o
hei mul iple usage, simple cons uc ion, low main enance demand, easy ope a ion and low
p ice. The ield pe o mance o spinning disc e ilize sp eade s basically depends on wo
ac o s: he o wa d speed and he wo king wid h. As he e a e some echnical, ope a ional
and ene ge ic limi s o inc easing he o wa d speed, my se objec i e in his s udy is o make
u he de elopmen s ela ed o hese machines’ wo king wid h.
Rising he wo king wid h one can lowe he damage o he soil, he cos s o ope a ion,
and a he same ime he a ea o o e lapping alling on uni a ea, and so he une enness o
sp eading. Une en e ilize dis ibu ion will esul in yield loss.
The mos signi ican ac o s a ec ing he wo king wid h o cen i ugal e ilize
dis ibu o s and he e enness o hei sp eading a e: he physical p ope ies o applied
e ilize s; he olume o e ilize low; he loca ion o eeding on he su ace o he spinning
disc ; he numbe o blades; he leng h o blades; he shape o blades; he pi ch angle o blades
wi h he di ec ion o he adius; he discs heigh posi ion; he axial dis ance o he discs; he
numbe o o a ion o he discs; he diame e and he shape o he discs.
F om he abo e lis ed ac o s I s udied he loca ion o dosage on he su ace o he
spinning disc, he numbe , he leng h, he pi ch angle o blades in he unc ion o wo king
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wid h and sp eading e enness. All he o he ac o s we e cons an . I did no examine he
design o he eede de ice, bu he e enness and he symme y o dosage we e egula ly
checked.
I pe o med my examina ions on he measu ing ack o he Depa men o Machine y,
Facul y o Ag icul u al Sciences, Deb ecen Uni e si y. The measu ing ack capable o
pe o m ou -doo s measu emen s, and so du ing he examina ions we ied o elimina e he
e ec s o ex e nal in luences (i egula i ies in ield su ace, oge he wi h inclina ion o
e ain, he wind, e c.)
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The measu ing ack consis s o a conc e e ack and a ow o collec ing ays, se up
pe pendicula ly o he ack. The a ea o he measu ing ays is 500x500 mm squa e and hey
a e equipped wi h a g id o p e en pa icles om escaping. The line o he ays is aised
abo e he g ound o 800 mm. Unde he measu ing ays he e a e numbe ed collec ing boxes.
A e epea ing he es h ee imes he boxes a e collec ed and he quan i y o hei s is
measu ed wi h an accu acy o 0.1 g. The alues a e ed in o a compu e and wi h he help o
a ge so wa e he compu e de e mines he main quali a i e cha ac e is ics o he sp eading
de ice.
Depending on he sp eading wid h, de e mined by he pa ame e s o he applied
sp eading de ice, I used he measu ing ack om 25 o 40 me e s. To cha ac e ize he
ans e sal une enness o sp eading, in compliance wi h in e na ional s anda ds, I used he
coe icien o a ia ion (CV):
1n
xx
x
100
CV
n
1i
2
ii
i
-
)(
∑
=
−
= %,
whe e:
xi is he a e age o e ilize quan i ies om h ee eplica ions on one measu ing
si e;
i
x is he a e age o g ain olume om h ee eplica ions on all he measu ing si es;
n is he numbe o measu ing si es.
Pe missible alue o CV is 15% (MSZ-05-10. 0283).
The wo-disc sp eade o he expe imen al machine can be equipped wi h wo and
h ee-bladed spinning discs. The blades a e o di e en leng h. The pi ch angle o he blades
is adjus able in h ee s ages, acco ding o Fig.1. The angle o he sp eading blade included
wi h he adius in A posi ion is 40
o
, in B posi ion 35
o
and
in C posi ion 30
o
backwa d o he
di ec ion o o a ing. In he case o wo blades he longe blade is indica ed i s , and he
sho e a e wa ds, e.g. A/A. In he case o h ee blades he long blade is indica ed i s , han
he medium, and han he sho one, e.g. A/B/C.
The e is a de ice on he expe imen al machine which is o adjus he loca ion o
eeding on he su ace o he spinning discs in se e al di ec ions. The adjus able eeding
loca ions can be seen in Fig.2. La e hese a e indica ed as e.g. A9, B8.
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Fig.1 Possibili ies o adjus ing he pi ch angle o blades
Fig.2 Loca ions o eeding ela ed o he su ace o he spinning disc (Mene i ány: Di ec ion o a elling;
Fo gási ány: di ec ion o o a ion o he spinning disc)
A eeding loca ion can also be gi en wi h i s coo dina es,
o
; ψ
o
, as i is shown in Fig.3.
Fig.3 Coo dina es o he eeding loca ions
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RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
1. The wo king wid h in he unc ion o he eeding loca ion
The diag ams, shown in Fig.4 illus a e he ela ion be ween he coo dina es o he
eeding loca ions (
o
; ψ
o
) and he ob ained wo king wid h: i can be seen clea ly, ha he e is a
linea connec ion in he gi en di ec ion. Dec easing he alues o
o
and ψ
o
in he ma ked
di ec ion, he wo king wid h will inc ease. When o he e ilize ypes we e used, and when
h ee-bladed disc was examined, he same esul was ob ained.
Fig.4 Rela ion be ween he coo dina es o eeding loca ions and he ob ained wo king wid h
2. The e ec o he pi ch angle o he blades on he wo king wid h
When he blades we e se in A/A posi ion (Fig. 1.) he sp eading cu e had wo
minimal alues, i.e. a he wo king wid h o 12 me e s, and 25 me e s (Fig. 5), bu 25 me es
can no be conside ed as wo king wid h, because he une enness is highe han 15%.
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Fig. 5 T ans e sal sp eading pa e n and sp eading cu e on C2 eeding loca ion, in A/A blade posi ion
The expe imen s we e ca ied ou wi h wo- bladed discs, and he pi ch angle o bo h
blades was se in h ee posi ions. Acco ding o he esul s, he al e a ion o he pi ch angle o
he longe blade has a g ea e e ec on he ans e sal sp eading pa e n, and so on he
wo king wid h. Se ing he blades in B/A posi ion ( he longe blade in B, he sho e one in A
posi ion), he wo king wid h inc eased om 12 me e s o 28 me e s ( ig. 6).
l
Fig.6 Filling in he cen e o he ans e sal sp eading pa e n, adjus ing he pi ch angle o he longe blade
3. Inc easing he wo king wid h by al e ing he leng h o he sp eading blades
Acco ding o he basic lows o physics, by inc easing he leng h o he blades we can
inc ease he cas dis ance o he e ilize pa icles, and so he sp eading wid h can inc ease.
Inc easing he leng h o he blades he discha ge eloci y o pa icles will inc ease. Howe e ,
he e a e cons uc ional limi s o inc easing he leng h o blades. Then leng h o he blades
was al e ed in di e en combina ions.
Acco ding o he measu emen s, conside ing he wo king wid h and he e enness o
sp eading, he 350/300/300 mm leng h combina ion was be e han he 350/350/350 mm
combina ion. Fu he inc easing he leng h o one blade he expe imen s we e pe o med by
using h ee combina ions o blade leng hs. Acco ding o he expe imen esul s he mos
ad an ageous is o use h ee blades o di e en leng h. By using he 400/350/300 mm blade
leng h combina ion on an op imal eeding loca ion we we e able o each a ela i ely la ge
wo king wid h (e.g. on B4 eeding loca ion, 26 me es wo king wid h).

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4. The e ec o he numbe o he blades on he alue o he wo king wid h and he
e enness o sp eading
Two conclusions we e d awn acco ding o he expe imen esul s: he e is a linea
ela ion be ween he coo dina es o he eeding loca ion (
o
; ψ
o
) and he ob ained alues o
wo king wid h, in bo h cases, using wo o h ee blades. The ob ained wo king wid h was
always la ge by using wo blades (Fig. 7).
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
A6 A5 A4 A3
Wo king wid h [m]
Feeding loca ions
Wo king wid hs wi h 2 and 3 blades
2 blades 3 blades
Fig.7 The ob ained wo king wid hs by using wo and h ee blades
REFERENCES
1. Ancza, E. (2005). Theo e ical and p ac ical ela ions o inc easing he wo king wid h o cen i ugal
e ilize sp eade s. Doc o al disse a ion. Deb ecen
2. Csizmazia, Z. – Polyák, N. I. (1997). Design and Con ol Ques ions o Ro a y Disc Fe ilize Sp eade
Machines. Hunga ian Ag icul u al Enginee ing. No 10. 22-24. p.
3. Csizmazia, Z. (1993). Vizsgálóbázis ejlesz ése mű ágyaszó ó gépekhez. Já mű ek, Épí őipa i és
Mezőgazdasági Gépek. 40. é . 3. sz. 109-112. p.