On Genus-Species and Whole–Part Structure of Linguistic Terminology

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HanoHeq, B- e Bep b x, caMa < opuynupoBKa po4oBo o oH z l qacTo oKa3b Bae c noKa3a eneM ceMaH qT ecK 4x o Ho eH { , n no opn e Bc ynae onpeAen le i epl. . u (D d) c Apy l ep4HaM Mu o peAen- l o qe o Bb paxeH 4 l (D n); Bb AanHe i xeM B B eHHb e aK 4u o6pa:ou CMAHTI{IICC KI{E OTHO IIIEHU- l MO IYT NPCACTABII l Tb NOH l TII il HVTO CTPYKTYPY TepM 4HOnO { {. Ta un o6pa:ou, aHa 3 poAoB {Aono i uepapxwL noHs l i o i unu a oi o6nac u 3Ha , sa$HxcupoBaHHo i cHc e o i o[peg,e, e u i, o (pb Bae xpo ( le epcne ileB ' A,' l Bb BH l.KT "V peAc aB e nq" (e ou c e n KoM o ep o o) "c py {T) p ' HayqHo o 3lla l l. B6o ax [Llleaon 2003: LLLeaos 2009; Shelo 2003] 6 na onucaHa np oqe,qyp a nH Han 3a nep BklcT {q ecKo o a 6aa H ' x (anH Tep4-M ) Ho o , qec K ,lx o p enea e ul . 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I c. . a {c 4 {e c Ko i c Py (T)?e ) p a e e o Pe Aene Hn i ep - * ww (wnu cBo6oAHoe co {e a ue paHee o peAeneH ,D( epu a on), An-a (o opo i oc aB B a l a{ qac bKx(e l *Ble c l 3a (oHe Hooe L i i' oclle Tail OT) OT 3 PATAI'I'I qacq qac' 'o o o GoA le o B q pa- )H ' ' ' ' , qqqq p ( Q Q P)B Ac aB o i)O' (D(D( epu ono), An-a Rp ( Q) O' a (O' Q) O'RRRRRRRRRR (O) O'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I- 'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I'I 3TO IPABI4NO OTHOc 4Tc KM Tep HaM z c . c eMe x onpeAe'nenn i He3aB 4cI4Mo a ba TeMa l4a ec o i o6nac 4 pa3 ena suanui , a e o o6 qa 4ne l 3K/ oqae c B loM, - o 6au)Kaliu ee po4oBoe oH- lT . {e 1) nupaxae HeKo op i e cMb c; oBoM a Hol eH . 3aKoHqeHu , i (pa ueHT TeKc a, 2) klaida Qpa u eH coAep)( 4T ue bHo BblpaxeHHoe caMo o Tepo6o:Ha. eH? e sac Ho o u3 Bo3Mo)KHnIX M . Ro i xe oSaac n 3HaH 4J a 3) u o oc aenludca Qpa eu eKc a Ta)Ke on)KeH 6 ' b a cMbIC/ oBol,I o HoLI eH lLI 3aKoHqeIlHbIM Iz BbI Io/ nx SyHn 1u c onpeAe/ eH { n a6o o4uo o, l 6o HecKo/ LKZx o6ne oe, Ha. Ba.Hh x B B ' ne, eHo ppa eH e Flonax eu, KaKa. l poqeAypa pealz3ye 3To paBl4no Ha Ma epuane:- p Be,HanqeHHb x Bb [ e ip MepoB! An. l ]e o ilpoa. 3l pyeM o lpeAen ]oul]{e B , palKeHl - l c oo Be c oq 4x 4eQuu ql i (np neueuue II o6oc n HoBaH e o i x<e pa3Hoo6pa:uo , poqe,q M KoKoKoKoKoR M Ma eplane aH a icno o : KoB c , e6aL Ka 4 Jenon): 2003 uy1 a A6 aym. "9cpe.qonaHne" ( epuu H B 4c iK . c e71oBa e bHo, sB -ae c Ka . Aa oM n <pop aupon 6; . xaiiu e o noua . ) "qepe.BlqoHIBa{e polloBo o lacHu " ( cp u nilll c l4K . "Ci eoBa enbllo". 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T a nn o6pa:o. , llcKoMb i Qpa l.eu eKCTa, BbIpDKalo qui 6anxa i u ee poAoBoe oH. l T 4e An-s epMu Ha aKKoMoaauu l " ilp lcnoco6neH 4e ap 4Ky qun i co nacHo o u /IacHo o': Bs nonnenHa coBepileHHo aHa/ o z RHb M o6pasou Ha Ma epl4a/ e Apy l4x p {BeAeHHb x oB IIp Haxo)KAeH]1- p {M oqeAypa ep 6n 4)Ka i o me o p o4oBo IIoHTI4 l IIpI'IBOAIIT CI KleAyloulla a pe3|[bTaTaM: AII9 TepMIIHa aHmuaunaUu l 5 lKa i uee po4oBoe oH lT {e "o K oHe { 4e o oc eAoBa e bHoc 1 3 eMeHToR aHaoopbI", A s ep/M 4Ha zpaMMamuqecKa Kamezopu l - "Cllc e- Te minologija | 2009 | 16 27 lMa p- l.4oB paMMa 4 ecKl x Qopa", iJn l TepM {Ha ucmopu3M - " eKc 4.lecKa- l e/InH . qa a 3Ha {eH {eH Kc 4 {ec <o i e4zu aq ' 'i llpn 3ToB M oc ax 4ec i eKc 4Ko-c 4HTaKc?ec qKL e o3{Ha T qacT { onpeAeAe_ _o le o Bpa_b }(eHl_ _ l pa3n 4qH) 4u$ bepenqua/ bH , e B 4,{oBb e np 43HaK 4 (o,ql n 4l 4 HecKo/ b o) onpe4e/ - eMo o B paMMa , qe oH - l: Ha p 4Mep. c c eMe pgAoB C <u (;opl A[ o o..11<)6 '1 3Ta c zc e]! "Mo a c a paM a . ecxo i (a e opae i, e u p lAb Aon)Kn , 6 ' , npo {Bonoc aB eHb Apy Apy y, paMMa 4qecK 4e Qopn Io/ lKHbI 6 ' c oAHopoAHb M 3Ha {eHn l.M . HecKonbKo np {MepoB poAoB {AoBb x o Hoil eH { , sb .ss- eHHb x Ha Ma ep ane l4c o. {H 4Ka, B Bl ne o lenbHb x c/ oBapHh x c a ei cooTBeTCTBy cLqux TepMKHOB: , uccumun lUu l Bnu>xa i u a p ogoeo i: "P c c no0o6 neH ue".3 6 Ko B Ea a; Na iul i nugonoi: , u c ma um n aq 7uccu u l Uu q 14 uepqu o n ua n 0 uc c u Mu l u K o ums cmnas 0 uccu MU n l Uu l IIpe 0 a okxuuJa o Ua l 0 uccu l u n l JU l Yuuaepcanuu E x<ai. u- z i p ogonoii: Ilonos euus , Qopn ynupyenwe o6 4uM. u. BacmHocmu, munonoz K uM xsw co a e0 eu ue l uL ec 6l. >xaii u ui nugono il: A6c o n cmHb c y Hu 6epc anuu C m amu cn uq e cKUe y Hu 6epc a J uu @onoepamma E n x<a y i p o71oH oi: Aš jį iš aukiau. suax 2 8 Cepleii IIIc, on I K xapaxmepucmuKe po0oeu0oao " ... E> nuxa i.my i nm o s ou: lpoco0emozpaMMa Cunna6ozpoMMs QouemozpaMMa Onp caHnax npoqeAypa HaxolKAeHV l poAoBb x epl . {HoB (u noux u i) np MeH 4Ma 4 K 4e zuaq a epM 4Ha ncuxonuHzlL cmuKa, npl xo opo i no yqaeM,qua 6au; a ii ux poAoB ' x l oH- l4-T l - 1. " . . qp / 4Ha, pa3B 4Ba oLqaqc- Ha c b Ke - 3b KoBeAe:o:,z, l L c 4xo/ o 4 " n 2. " lncqun nua, KOTOpa U3yqaeT 3aKOHOMePHOCTZ nopo)KneH 4 l , Bocnp[ lT 4 l pe ]eBb x Bb cKa3 Bau . i; nexaHp 3Mb , ynpaRn l o q {e 3T Mll npoueccaMz z o6ecne { {Ba o q 4e BnaAeH 4e u oB/ aAeH 4e l3b KoM; 3b KoBy o cnoco6 oc n . enoe <a o aosuox<Hoc l 6nu; a i " ( ue o x HeoAHo3Ha Ho o o:u lTll l. Bb Ae/ eH 4- l poAoBo o An onHo o o o )Ke onpeAe leH -s cl.. e pa6o e [lIIenon 2007] ). L oc non y aHa lu3y oABep ae cx Sopnyl 4poBKa c oc seuuo o lpe,4en l ou{e o Bb paxeH { l, MHo o3HaqHb e Tep] lHH zc o. n , Ka. pa3Hb e 3Ha {e lHz KoTopb x {Me oT pa3,[I4qHb e onpeAe]IeH 4 , Mo yT {MeTb pa3Hb e 6nux<aiz ; ue polloBb e epM Hb ( a ou- l us): nanpnnep, TepMl H 3M UMO]IO Z U,a B I4KO/IOII{I{, "C ICIJIIAII bHA" OTPACNb JICKC 3HAIICHI,]II KOTOPA- l 3aHl4Mae c. :a6u . . Bbl- cHeH len o6pa:on. ccneAoBaH . eM po 4cxo)KAeI{ . l coo Be c By o l 4x pa eHHblx Mo {B} poBoK u, TaKLTM c oB" {Mee 6nux aiu ee poAoBoe oH- lTue, Bb pa) (eHHoe { pa uen o ul "o pac ' eKc?IKo o {11", aKe ) o ep,M IH B 3{eHHa [ ] "caMO npoucxo)KAeHl4e c loBa e o nepBoHa a bHa l Mo B {poBKa" I4Mee 5x<nila mee poAoBoe loH e, Bb pa)KeHH- ( pa l-eu - oe o cxo c oM " e o ep Bo p)KneH 4eRoBa L / Haqa bHa l Mo 4BHpoB <a". Asp ano Ho, pa3Hb e poAoBb e epM Hb L o L l HMee MHO O 3Ha U , i epl u u u e p e0 0 aH ue'. B oAH oM 3Ha eHz { 6 nwx<a w M p o - AoBb M A - He o qBJTqe c epM 4Hono a. ec uii clpa ', eu "3aMeHa $oueu ( napunuuaH on <poue u)", a B Apy oM - epM { ":Hny ono i:axou". O6pa l u aK)Ke BH 4MaH e Ha o, q o na[eKo He BCe (6a:oen e) TepMuHb BCTyna o B poAoB .qoBb e o Ho eHu llpy c Apy oM. 3 o ney,quB ei bHo: Be,4b Jis 6asoen e epMl Hb {Me o onpeAeneH l, He BCe ep{Ho/ o 4 {ecK} e onpeAeneHnq B[- l o c l poAo AoBb {M . Dešim ue MeHee! Ko 4a onpeAel eHne (Sasonui ) ep qs LIMee poAoB AoBoe. KaK poAoBoe o- H l.T {e, Bce TaK { B 4AoBb e p 43HaK 4. B3 npeACTaBJ eHb poAoB {AoBb e Bb B eHHb e o Hol eH l J KaK Mex Ay c o6c eeHHo 6a:oel - a epM HaM , TaK 14 Me)K 6a3oBb Ml z ne6asoBb Ml epM {HaM 4. Te minologija I 2009 m. I 16 29 C)6 Koqee/ uqec Bo aK 4x uap, o6pa:y cq e poAoB {AoBb e cB- 3 4, - 448. Ha nepeol ypoR e pogoB {AoBoi c pyx ypb HaxoA l cs, cpe39M 4HoB, .q . aKm a Hm, aHg umuqecK oe o6pa soaauu e, sccuMu J uus , oQQuxc, zpaMMamueecKsi zpynnuponKs e ccuqecKux e?uuu l3b , zpaMMamuqecKa Ka ezopu , apaMMamuqecilKupoil, EuccuMu l yu l...Ka QpaseonozusM, Ko pasoe y apeuue, "*""i " c pcc o6a, g m Qm 3HoKa, i smKb . Ha a opo . _ poBHe - I47M Tep4HoB, Ha peTbeM - a 47, ua L e Bep oM - 6. Ma ka as? ' / bHb i ypoBeHb poAo ugoeo i c pyKTypb - n lTbli. Ha e , paclo/ a ae c l {e b pe 6a:oeb x epM HoB { cpel ux - Oeenpuuacmue, uuQuHumuz, npuau cmue, cynuu. XapaTep {c {Ka s x 'M ep{HoB KaK.qoc a o Ho ny6oK x B pogoB . lono i nepapx , 4 Mo (e 6 ' n npounn oc papoBaua cne zp oquM 4 p .Aa { poqoRAoBo i aepapx '.Ay_enpuqscmue - aep6ou - zmb szo - qac pequ - zpoMMJomuqunucKa lynnLupon J eKkucu&Kux eq3b Ka, unQuuumue - aKa6ou - qmbJ Quq - zpawMQQQQ4Ka, cKa lynnKa lynnJ Qup - Jmb oququququququ eqmucKauc, eq3mb oqu eq QuucKa lynn - eQa lynn - eq3b Ka, eQuucnucKa lynn - eq3b Ka, eQuQuuc Jei, IecTI' epM {HoB Haxo.q {Tc Ha qe Bep oM ypoBHe poAoB - 4oeoi uepapx 4 : 6ep6ou A, 63su M HoKoH azoJ b , eepcu Hb e zJ zJ yxoil, saou cu "KoH4aHue, cyQQu cc". Heo6 o4 . uo oco6o y[oN Hy b BHeypoBHeBb e epMn , poAo a,4,o o i c pyKT)?n , - ax . [peAc aB na o:(l i, caMocTo ei ,u THHTBHCTT{ {ecKHii B cauol Ae e, cy qec BoBaH 4e Sason , x ep 4HTepec. MIHOB, KOTOpb e RCTyna OT B POAOB 4nOBb e OTHO IeH 4, l C HeKOTOpb M { TePMZHO'IO|HTIeCKI{MI4 HOMHHaI]H- lMI{! I{O He IIIMeIOT IIId pOAOB X, HII BIIAoBT' x 6asonn x epMl-I oB, - Aa eKo He oqe.qHn i <Bu a : . Ten se MeHee. TaKue TepM . {Hono l ecK 4e el{ H 4 lb Jis npocTo cyl lecTBy oT, Ho o6pa:y o caMylo qac b po,qoBI4iIoBb x a [c'n i:coo ee c ByHol oul .lx nap, BK ol a olq 4x 3T 4 el 4H { lb , - 238. H . x<e B Ka {ec Be npaMepoB IIpuBo,q- Tc. l lapb ; R x nepe , i TepM 4H "K a. e" - 6a:osl l, a 'nux<ailu i po4ono i A/ He o - He6a3oBb i (nocaegn . i. cnegoBa e/ bF o! He 4Meel 4 co6c seF Holi cnonapuo i c a 'n), cp. azz amu 6u a z meu4 eHuu : om u H aQQu cca yuu - meHAeHIJu ac l uxcc 4uL , eKKoMo4aqux - usMeHeHu { 6 apmuKyn lauu cozuacHb x u B apmuKyn auu?IacHb x, aKmBa - npoaecc, oxBamb Pequo 4uii zoaopeHue c) yxo6oe locnpunmue u noHuHue q yc biluaH-Ma L Hozo, aKmua uo il cmpoil npei }no ceHui - cn poii npe}nosneul l... i sb Ko6oe o6 qeuue - o6ueu uu<pop laquei c no oulb o KoKoao-nu5o ssa xa: 3 "Cep e i LIIe os I K xupaxmepucmuKe po)oeu)oaoil. i sb Koloil 3HsK - eduHuLJa cbxa; sb Koloil con3 - o1uluocma nbxos; " zemepozpaMMa" - nucbMeHHa i sua c. "Tanepu ul o {caHLIe nonq' l iuoi c p < pbI )II{HI'BI{CT a- ecxoli Tep - Ho o 4 l cBe.qeH .sMu (()) uenoqac Hoii c pyx ype. B .ssaeHHb e Ha Ma ep a/ e epM 4Hono uqecKux o pe qeneH i 4cTOqHLTKa lenoqacTHh e oTHo[ eHu l pa3.qenJl o c l Ha IBe pyb : Ha oTHol eH zq Me)KAy 6a:og ' , , u ep4HaM . , a' aKl. Ha o Ho en Ke l)KHaHaqy Tep MI M . 3 Ko opb x 6asosu i, a gpy oi. - Jos. O6 uee Ko } o/q {H ec Bo ap, o6pa:y cqux qeloqac Hoe o1'Ho eHl e, - 55. B npeAenax II4H BI, ICTIII{CCI(O|O MATCPI4ANA OTHOIUCH 'I', cyu{Hoc l B BXAe n a6o a) HeKo opb e KAK IIPABIIIO, qCNOqACTHbIC cB, l3b Ba o MeTaH/ bHb eqHb e pa3AeloB 14 a ba HayAej bHb x "luc lu l. us o i, n L ] sloii" HayKu p HayK . I B qe/]oM, a a6o 6) Ma ap a? bHb e {ac l ( }pa l.en , ) x: , oeb x 3HaKoB oSpa-:osau[i , coo Be c BeHHo, BKi oqa oq {e 4x e,4 RH qb , KaK Ha p {Mep: Qouonoau l - i 3b KoneAeHue, cmunucmuKa - qso coae0eHue, ceMacuonozu l - J eKcuKoJ oz l , npu cna)uoe l3b Ko6e0euue - l3b Ko6e4e uue, Sop uoo6po3y ouJai Hoas cnoaa - c o6o, uHleHmapb zpa( en ) Qoue aozpaSuuecxozo nucbMa - AnQo aum. Haepnou ypoBHe lenoqac Hoi c pyn yp 6a: on x Tep . H B c . qecKl xMUHOB HaxOA TC l, HanplIMep, TepMUHF,I CJ$IoO IO CJ?' "Tl3b Ko6asl ceMb l, l3b KoleAeHue". Ha e opoM ypoBHe {eJ oqac Hoii c pyx ypb pacno/ a a o c-a 6a:on ' e e'pM lHb zpaM Mgm uK oz ! a, J e ccuKoJ i , oc Ho6s cJ o o, po}c naeuHb e l3b Ku, cmuJ ucmuKe, Qopmoo6ps3y o ya l ocHona cJ oaa u 1p. Tpe bl M ypoBHeM Je oqac soii c pyK ypb - apaK- Tepu3y o c l TepM {Hb mopQonozu. ecKa l munoJ ozux, mopQonozu , ceMacuoJ oz l , cuHmQKc lc, cuHmaKcuqecKa l munono7ug. Mancn-. az 'un i ypoBeH , c p < VpbI pacilona {enoqacTHo Ha e. N - TRep l in; 5a:osl e ep M H , co6cm.aeuuo wopQon ozu u c n oaoo6pa soaoHUe, KOT'Op'Hyb e {Me}o oAHo un y o " lelouac }o qenol Ky', n o opoi. na; ; 1ui oc e /y cqu i epul. oH6o: naqae B ac b o o, ITo o6osnaq ae npe Ab , opa l, TaKl{M o6pa:ou, u 3b o 6Ka1 Be c c q nepe i- ; .sso coae)eHue - zpaMMomuKa - mopQonozuz codcn ae u uo mopQono?u l, ss ' coae0eHue - zpaMMsmuKa - mopQo- J ozu l - cnoaoo6pa3o6oHue. Ilpl ee, Qel. Eule HecKo/ ,Ko np {MepoB qenoqac' Hb x olnou enu Z. Bb J{B eHHb x Ha Ma ep {ane l4c o. H Ka. B. B Ae o Ac n Hb X C,TOII&pHb x c a e i c ooTBeTc TRylo ill x TepM: HoR Te minologija | 2009 I 16 31