On Genus-Species and Whole–Part Structure of Linguistic Terminology

K xapakTepucTtike poJoBUIOBOU H 11€7I09aCTHOM CTPYKTYPBI JIMHTBUCTUYECKOU TEDMHHOJIOTHHU“ - CEPFTEA WENOB 1963 m. – Vytautas Šalkauskas, Lietuvos krepšininkas. /Ivea Tojicmoezo (Mocksa, Poccust) favore [INIenos 2009] Opin npeacTaBIeHbl KOMITBIOTEPHBIE H TUHTBUCTUYECKHUE PE3YIbTAThI, IIOTYUEHHbIe H pealu30BaHHble B ABTOMATH3HDOBaHHOHK HHPOPMALIMOHHON CUCTEME HAYYHOU TEDMHHO/IOTHH WinTerm Tepmunonoruueckoro nenrpa MHcTHTYTa pycckoro s3BIKa UM. B. B. Bunorpagora. 3akaouanach B GopmannsoBAHHOM TIPE/ICTAB/IEHUN TNIOHATHHHOH CTPYKTYPDbI JTMHTBUCTUIECKON TepMMHOIOTUH, IOCTPOCHHOU Ha TEDMHHO/IOTHUeCKOM MaTepuane yyebHuKa no s3pikosHanuio YO. C. Macnosa Beedenue 6 g3vikosnanue (M.: Bricimas mona, 1998; B manpueiinenm Ha3brBaerca " Herounnx", cm. [Macnos 1998]. AHaNMM3UPOBAIUCH TOJIbKO TE TEPMUHBL, KOTODbIe Mubo nMeroT COGCTBEHHBIE onpeneleHUA UH pasbacHeHUs B MlcTounuke, mnbo BCTpewaroTcsd B COCTaBE TEKCTOBBIX OparMeHTOB, CJIVXKAIIOIHX ONpee/Ie HUME (TO/IKOBAHHAMH) TUX TEDMHHOB (T. €. UCIIOMB3YIOTCS VISI UX OIPEee/IeHus] WIN TOMKOBAHUS), Bcero rakux Tepmunos B Mctounnke 2066. Krasnrach 3a7aua npeacTaBuTh IOHSATUHHBIE CTPYKTYPbl TEDMHHO/IOTHH OOpMAa/IH3OBaHHbIM OOpa3oM Ha OCHOBe OIIpee/IeHU WIN OOBSACHEHHS COOTBETCTBYIOUIUX TepMUHOB B Hcrounuke. [pr peimmenuH mocraB/leHHBIX 3allau4 aKTHBHO HCIIO/Ib3OBA/IMCb HEKOTODBIeE /IMHHTBHCTHUECKHE H KOMOBIOTEDHBbIE DpE3Y/IbTATbI, IOIYYEHHbIE B XOIe pa3zpaG0TKH H OYHKUHOHHpOBaHHS KOMIBIOTEpHOU TepmunonoruuecKoH 6a3bi 3HaKHHH (Hanee TB3): Hx HocTaTOuHO JeTanpbHOe ONnHCaHHe umeercs B paborax [enor 2002; enor 2003; [enor 2004; IIeznos 2009; 2003 m. – „Švyturys“, 2005 m. – „Švyturys“. Cpenu Takux pe3ynbTaTOB —HAXOXKĮJĮEHHe H JeMOHCTPAIUS BCEX JIOTHUCECKUX KPYTOB B CHCTeMe TePpMHHOIOTUYECKHUX ONDpeHe/IEHHH, KOMIIbIOTepHOe yCTaHOBIeHUE (MACHTUPUKAIUA) PA3TUYHBIX TIOHITHHHBIX CTPYKTYP Crarsst nogroronnera npu $uiancoroif otepxke Poccuitckore rvamanutaproro gavudoro dora {upoexr 07-04-24 1a) Terminologija | 2009 | 16 23 TEDMHHO/IOTHH (JIJOTHKO-110HSATHŪHOM, POJOBUIOBOU, HEe/1OUaCcTHOH) V UX YpOoBHEeBOH OpraHH3a]HHH, a TaKXe YCTaHOB/IEHHe HEKOTODPbIX BUIOB CIIOpHBIX HIM HeYJAUHBIX IIOHATHHKHBIX IIOCTDOCHHH, JVIA MCIIDAB/IEHHA KOTODBIX TpebyeTcs "BHEKOMHbIOTEpHAaS;, UHCTO TBOPUECKAS OIEHKA CJIOXHKMBINEHMCS CHTYAIHH WK [JAXKe BMEIIATEIbCTBO CITeIH|HMA/IHCTa-HCC71e [O BA TEJISI. B makrosien CTaTbe MbI IpeJCcTaBUM XapaKTePHCTUKY POIOBUIOBOU H 1[€/IOYACTHOU CTPYKTYP /IMHTBHCTHYECKHX TEDMHHOB, OODpa30BaHHOH COBOKYITHOCTBIO BCEX POAOBUIOBBIX H, COOTBETCTBEHHO, OHEe/IOUACTHLIX OTHOTNIEHHH MeXIy TEepMHHaMH HcTOuHHKA H JauM KDaTKHH KOMMEHTADHH K IIOTIYUeHHbIM pe3y/IbTaTaM (3AMeTHM, UTO IOTy4YeHHE psijia pe3yabraToB GbI71O NpaKTHYECKH HEBO3MOXHBIM 663 MHCITOJIb30BaHHS IOpOrpaMMHbIX CpeJICTB, nMmeromencs TB3). Hs aganusa COJEpKATEJ- /IbHOK CTDYKTYDbI TEDMHHOJIOTHH Kak YaCTH HaYyuHOTO 3HaHHA NOJOOHad XapaKTEpHCTHKA OCOGeHHO BaxHa. BO-NepBbIX, OGypnyun TeCHO CBA3AHO UM C TEOpHeH K/lacCHOHKanHH, HC TEOpHeH OrIpelHeeH, H3VUEHHE DOHOBHHOBbIX OTHONIEHHUH 00BEKTOB H OHOHATHH TOH H/IH MHOM HaVyuKHOH OO/naCcTH HMeeT OoOraTeZIIIyIO TPAAUIINIO, UAVIIYIO, [10 KpalHel Mepe, oT ApucroTend, Ang KoToporo pos 0bur “cyrsro Bern. 1999 m. liepą buvo išleistas debiutinis albumas „Hepes Jiotuky, Jothmyeckyio MW Jiumhtbuctuyeckyio CEMAHTHKY, HHOOpmathky H TepMuhobejichue UCCIeJOBAHNE POJOBUIOBBIX CBA3EH MEXK/Iy IIOHSTHAMH H TEDMHHAMH JOLIIO Jo Hamux Hed. Pogosuaosas nepapxusi, riyboko 3pEHHS, ABISETCS TAKXKE J0CTATOYHO OOTraThIM TEOPEeTHYECKUM KOHCTPYKTOM, YTOOBI HpeCTaB/ISTL BAXKHVIO YaCTh CTPYKTYPBI 3HaHUA. B vakarienė. OHA He 0Os3aHa ObITH TOJIBKO (OpPUEHTUPOBAHHOM) JpeBeCHOM CTPYKTYPOH (KOTOPOU ee varie BeeTO WIAOCTPHUPYIOT), B CHITY TOrO 0OCTOATENBCTBA, YTO VY OJHOTO BUJOBOTO MOHATHS (00beKTa) MOXKeT ObITh HECKOJIBDKO OIMKANIINUX K HEMY POJIOBBIX NIIOHATHH (OOGbEKTOB). Bo-BTOpbIX, pOJ[OBH/JJOBOH IIOHATHHHbIH AaHa/iH3 YyCTaHaPB/IHBaeT IIEpCIIEKTHUBHBbIE B IPAKTUYECKUX IPUTOKEHHUAX OuHapHbIe CTPYKTYPHI THIIA «XIOHATHE (OBBEKT) —ETO CIIELHEHMUYECKHH IIPH3HAK> un «IOHATHE (OBbEKT) -OTHOWEHUE —(IIOHA) ObbEK T». Kaxjjan m3 HHX rIpejiCTaB/ISeT BaxHOe yTBepx1eHHe (IpeliHKaOHIO) TOH WIM WHOM OO/IaCTH 3HAHVUS, OpHUeM B C/rygae TEDMHHOJIOTHUECKHX OIpeHenenuH TO yTBepXKAeHHe BepHO (OnpoCTO B CH/Iy Onpegejenus). 2010 m. rugsėjo 24 d., 15:00 val. BbIBOJĮ COMIaCHO M3BECTHOMY IIpDHHHOHIIY «HaC/IEJJOBAaHHSA IpH3HAKOB»: BCE, 4YTO BEPHO VIS POIOBOTO MOHATHA (OObEK TA), CIIPABEIUIMBO H JŲIS BUAOBOTO noHaTUs (00beKTa) u, Takum 0Opa3oM, KaXKIbI BUIOBON OOBEKT «HaCJIEIyeT» MHOXECTBO IIPU3HAKOB POJIOBOTO 0bBeEKTA. B-rperbux, ponosuoBast nepapxus OOBEKTOB SAB/IASTCS VHUBEPCATLHOM, CTaTHCTHUECKH 3HAYNMOM CTPYKTYPOH, IIPOHUIBIBAIOIEN TIOOVIO TEMATHYeCKyIo 00macTh. Tak, IO HEKOTOPBIM JaHHBIM, IPH pa3paboTKe TEDMHHOJIOTUYECKUX CTAH/APTOB IIOHATHS, CBSI3aHHBIE POIOBU/[OBBIMU OTHONIEHHAMM, KOTOpBIe 337Jaf0T COOTBETCTBYOLIMe NepUHUIINHU, BCTpeuaroTCA B 71% C/Iy4aeB BCX CBA3eU MeX/Yy TEDMHUHAMM. Haxonen, B-dyerBepThiX, cama GOPMYIUPOBKA POIJOBOTO MOHSTUS YUacCTO OKa3bIBAeTCH TMOKa3jaTelleM CeMaHTHYeCKUX OTHONIEHHH, B KOTOpbIE BcTymnaeT ompegensiembin repmun (Dtd) ¢ apyrumu TEepMHHAMH ompenensirornero BbIpaxeHHs (Din); B gqanbHeHmIeM BbIAB/IEHHbIE TAKUM 00pasom CeMaHTHYECKHUe OTHOINIEHHS MOTYT ONpeJICTaB/ISTb IOHSTHHŪHYIO CTPYKTYPY TePMHUHOIOT HH. Takum obpaszom, aHa/iH3 POLOBUIOBOM HepapxXHH IMOHATHH TOM H/IH HHOH obmacTH 3HaHHusA, 3aPUKCHPOBAHHOH CHCTeMONH OrIpeJde/TeHHH, OTKPbIBAET IUHPOKHE IIEpCIEKTHBPBI JŲISI BDISB/IEHHS H IpeaCTaB/IeHAs (B TOM YKC/ie H KOMIIBIOTEPHOTO) CTPYKTYPbI HayuHOTro 3HaHHA3. B pa6orax [Illenos 2003; Llenos 2009; Shelov 2003] 6112 onucaHa IIponejypa /IMHTBHCTHUeECKOTO aHa/IH3a BepbanbHBIX (SBHbIX) TEDMHHO/IOTHYECKHX Onpeneenyž. Ilporjejiypa nCXoauT U3 IIpejįBapHTe- /IbHOTO YCIIOBHS BbINO/IHEHHA, BOODLE TOBODA, JTOBOIBHO CTPOTUX H JKECTKUX, HO B I11€IOM JOCTAaTOUYHO M3BECTHBIX TpeOOBAHHH, IIPE/IBSBASIEMBIX K CUCTEMe oIIpefle/IeHHU: OTCYTCTBHA B ONDpeHE/ISIOMEM BbIDAxX6HHH CHHOHHMOB, MHOTO3HAYHBIX CJIOB H KOHCTDYKIŪHMŪ, HCHOJIb30BAHHS OJIHOTUITHBIX CHHTAKCHUECKHX KOHCTDYKOMAŪ B C/Iy4asix OJHOTUIIHBHS JTOTMKO-CEMAHTUUECKUX VCAOBUU U T. II. PesyjnbrTaTbI NpHMEHEHUA TOK IPOIE/yPhl IIO3BOJISIIOT O/IHO3HAYHO OTBETUTD Ha CJIeIYIOIIME BOTNpOCbI: ABIACTCS JIM JAHHOE OIIpeJereHUe POIOBUIOBBIM, a €C/IH ITO ĮEMCTBHTE/IbHO TAK, TO YCTAHOBUTH, KaKOH KOHKPETHO ero TeKCTOBBIM $parMeHT HasbIBaeT Onmkaimree (mis ornpepenseMoro oHATHs (iu obbexra)) pogoBoe nousTue (Wim pogoBOn 00beKT), a kakou —crenuduaecku (quddepeHNNANbHDIN) TIDpDH3HaK UH OpH3HaKH TOTO HOHSATHH (WIM 0OBeKTa). B uacTrHoCTH, B 2THX paboTrax HpHBOJAUTCA CIeVIOH|ee IIPABUIO, C Terminologija | 2009 | 16 25 [IOMOIIBIO KOTOpOTO YCTAHaB/IHBA/IMCb COOTBETCTBYPONIHe OparMeHTbI B [peCTABIEHHOM HIDKe MaTepuare: PonoBbiMm pparMeHTOM orpe ge/IAIOLIEro BbIparkeHHs AB/ISETCSH ero MHHHMMa/IbHasi CEMAHTHUECKH 3aKOHYE€HHasl, CHHTAKCHYIeCKH He3aBHCHMAS1 YaCTh, BK/IIIOYAFOLIAsl MAKCHMAIbHbBIŲ (110 C/IOBECHOH JJIHHE K CUHTAKCUYeCKOH CTPYKTYpe) paHee onpee/IeHHbIH TepMHH (Win cBODOgHOE COuUeTaHHne paHee Ope Je/IeHHbIX TEDMHHOB), O11 KOTOPOH OCTABINAACH UACTb TaKXE SB/ISETCS 3aKOHUYEHHOM H OCMPIC/IEHHOB; JTa OCTABHINASCH YAaCTh ONpene/ISIONMeEro BpipaXKEHHA NIpejzCcTaB/- aeT cobol BnHnAOBOH npH3Har (eC/IH aTa yacTh CHHTaKCHUECKH OTHOCHTCA K OJHOMY HM TOMY X C/IOBY) WH 00bejnneHnue (KOHBIOHKLHIO) BHAOBBIX IpH3HaKOB (EC/IH aTa 4acTh CHHTAKCHUECKH OTHOCHTCS K pa3HbIM C/IOBaM), JTO IIPaBUIO OTHOCHTCS K TEDMHHAM H CUCTEME UX ONpeJe/IEHHŪ HE3aBHCHMO OT TeMaTHUeCKOH OO/7NTacTH HM pasjesa B3HaHHAH, a ero OINas umes 3aKJ/IOUaeTCS B TOM, gro Onuxafee pojįoBoe MOHATHE 1) Bbipa>xxa6T HEKOTODPBIH B CMBIC/IOBOM OTHOINIEHHH 3aKOHUEHH5IK OdparMeHT TeKCTa, 2) 3T0T dOparMeHT TeKCTA TaK)Ke JO/KeH OLITb B CMBICIOBOM OTHOKIEHHH 3aKOHYEHHBIM H BBIIOJHATh QYHKIUIO OTpejierieHus mubo 0HOrO, /IMOO HECKOMBKUX 0OBEKTOB, Ha3BaHHBIX B BbI/IC/IEHHOM (PparMeHTe. [Toxaxkem, Kaka Ipo1ieypa peanusyeT JTO IIpaBHAO Ha MaTepuare IIpHBE/ĮEHHBIX BBINIe IIDpHMEDpOB, JIS YeTrO NpoaHa/IH3HpyeM ONpejle/sIOnIHe BbIDA>KEHHA COOTBETCTBYIONLIMX ĮednuunKAA (ipuMeHeHbyHe H obocHOBaHMe TOM Ke IPOLeypbl Ha PA3HOOOPA3HOM TEMaATHUeCKOM MAaTEpHa/Ie pyCCcKOro H AHT7/IMŪCKOTO s3BIKOB CM. B niybsimkaruu [Lemos 2003]): A6naym. "MUepenoranne" (TepMuH JIUHTBUCTHKM, CJIEjĮOBATE/IbHO, SBISETCS KaHAMAaTOM B QOPMYIHPOBKY OnHxaHInIero POIZOBOIO MOHATHS) —"uepe]noBaHHe DaCHBIX" (TCPMUH JMHTBACTHKH, CHIeJAOBATENbHO., TaKXKe SB/ISCTCH KAHHOMIJATOM B bhopMynuposBky GnnxaHniero pOjJOBOro MOHATHS, IOpHYeM B Ka4eCTBE TAKOBOILO OH aydiue, UEM TIDpejuIeCTBYPONIHH, TIOCKOJIbBKY TEDMHHOJIOTHUeECKH Bbipaxaer Bojrnee JACTHOE nOHATHe) —"uepenoBaHHe I/IaCHbIX, 00YCIOBICHHOE/He OBGyCHOB/IeHHOR.,..“ (CeMaHTHYECKM HE3AKOHUEHHOEe RBIPAXKEHHE, HO BKIKOUAET JIOMOJHUTENbHOE IIOJIHO3HAYHOe C/I0BO (0byCnoBaeHHOETM), He ABIAIOUICSCS TEDMHHOM THHIBHCTHKH, 4TO JUKTYeT BO3BpaT K OparMeHTy "“uepenoBaHHMe ITIACHBIX. 26 Cepreit Hlenos | K xapakmepucmuke podosudosoti- ... Onuxainiee pojįoBO2e HouaTHe; "JbhoneryuecKH He OBYCAOBHACHHOE H BbIpaXAIOMee... C/I0BOM3MEHUTE/IbHbIC H CTTOBOODpasoBaTe/IbHbIe 3HAUeHUS —GOPMYIMPOBKA BHHOBOTO IIPM3HAKA"). Takum 06pa30M, HCKOMbIŽ pparMeHT TeKCTa, BhIpaXKaoUu Onmai11ee po OBOE IIOHATHE [II TEpMHHa abiiaym —“uepegoBaHHe rnacHBIX Centras – Akmenė. “llpucrnocobiaenue” (He ABAACTCA TEDMHHOM HHHTBHCTHKH H, COOTBETCTBEHHO, He CTAHOBUTCA KAIAMIATOM B GOPMYITHPOBKY OiirKakiero poJoBoro MOHATUS —“MIPUCTIOCOONeHNEe ApTHKYJISOMĖ“ (TOPMHE NHHTBUCTHKM, HO BhIpaXkeHue CEMAHTHYECKH He 3aKOHYEHO! NPUCIOCODIeHUe —K UeMy? apTHKYIANUY —Yero?) — “IIPUCNIOCObIe He aPTUKYIAIUI CONTacHOT0” (TEDMHH JIMHTBHCTHKH, HO BBIpaKeHUe CeMaHTHYECKI He 3aKOHUEHO! HPHCIIOCObIeHNe apTHKY/IAUUN COTIACHOTO —K 4eMy) — “mpuciocobneHre ApTHKYJIAIIMĖŪ COMIAaCHOTO H TAaCHOro (TEDMHH JTHHIBHCTUKU, BBIDAXCHHe CEMAHTHYSCKH 3aKOHYEHO H ABISETCA HPHCIIOCObIeHNe apTHKY/IAUUN COTIACHOTO —K 4eMy) — “uacTH4uHOE IIpHCIOCOONeHHE ApTHKYJISIKAŪ COTJIACHOTO H TiacHOTro" (Te Ke VCJIOBHS, YTO H LIATOM BBbINE, HO BBIDAXEHHĖ BKIIIOYAET JOIOMHUTENbHOE MOJHO3HAYHOe C/10BO ("uacTrHuHOe“), He ABISIONIEeCH TEDMHHOM JIMHTBUCTHKH, UTO OUKTYET BO3BpaT K paHee HaMEeUeHHOMY KaHAMaTy) —„npucriocobreHne apTUKY/IALUN CMEXKHBIX COIIACHOTO H IaacHoro“ (Te Xe VCAOBHA, YTO H IIaroM BIE, HO BBIPAXKeHME BKIIOUAET JIOMOJHHUTENBHOE [IOTHO3HAYHOE COBO („cMexHpIX“), He ABIAIOUICECT TEDMHHOM JIMHIBUCTUKH. YTO JIUKTYeT BO3BpAT K paHee HAMEUEHHOMY KaHIHJaTy —"TIpHCIHIOCOG/eHHe ap TUKYALMI COMIAaCHOIO H IacHOTo KOTOPBIN H Ha3blBaeT O/MIKauIlee pOJOBOe MOHATHE: “dacTH4Hoe —POpMynIMpoOBKa BH/JOBOTO IPM3HAKA, OTHOCALICTOCA K IOHITHIO NpUCIOCObienus; “cmexupx” — ¢popmyHpoBKa BHIOBOI'O IIpU3HAKA, OTHOCAINECTIOCH K NMOHATHIO COITIaCHOTO H IIaCHOTO, Takum 0o6pa30M, HCKOMBIN OparMeHT TEKCTAa, BbIpaxKAIOIIOHĖ OrnxaHInIee poj10BOe MOHATHE IA TepMUHA akkomodayus “npucriocobnenune apTHKYHSHHŪ COT/IaCHOTO H TJIaCHOTO | Brmonuennas COBEpIIeHHO aHa/IOTHYHbIM OODpa3OM Ha MaTepHa/Ie Apyrux HDpHBeACeHHbIX IIPUMEPOB ONpoOnejypa HaXOXJeHHSA O/IMXKAŪINNeTO pogoBoro mHOHATHA HPUBOAUT K CJIEJYIOLIHM Pe3yIbTaTaM: VIS TEpMHHa aHmMuyunayus Onuxaiunee pogoBoe NOHATHE "OTK/OHEHHe OT NOCHEJOBATE/IbHOCTH 97eMeHTOB aHaOODEI", 171 TePMUHA epamMmamuueckas Kame2opus —‘CucreTerminologija | 2009 | 16 27 Ma pAJOB rpaMMaTHUeCKHX OopM“, Js TepMHHA UCMOPUIM —"neKCcHueCKas eJMHUIA H 3Ha“UeHHe JIEKCHUeECKOH enuunnsl. [Tpu STOM ocrapmuecs JIEKCHKO-CHHTAKCHHUECKHE UACTH ONpeHE/IAIOMETO BbhIpa)KeHUs O3HAYAIOT pa3sūuunbie nuddepeHuanpbHble BHAOBbIe IIDH3HaKH (OHHH H/IH HECKOJIbKO) ONpeEHeEJ/ISE MOTO IIOHATHSA: HAINIDHMEDp, B CHCTEME PH0B rpaMMaTHUCeCKHX OOpM ĮVIS TOTO, YTOOBI ITA CHCTE MA MOIJIA CTaTb TpDaMMaTHUeCKOH KaTerOpHeH, 5TH DA/Įbi JO/IXHBI ObITB IIpDOTHBONOCTAB/IEHbI JIPYT Įpyry, a TpaMMAaTHUeCKHe OOpMBI ĮĮO/DKHBb OBITH € OJHOPOJIHBIMU 3HAUSHHAMH. IlpuBejjeM eme HeCKO/IbKO IPHUMEPOB pOJĮOBHHOBbIX OTHONICHHH, BbISIBJIeHHBIX Ha MaTepuasne HeTOuHHnKa, B BHJIE OT/Ie/IbHBIX C/1I0BAPHBIX CTaTEH COOTBETCTBYIOLIUX TEDMHHOB: Huccumunsiyusn bmxanmmni ponoson: “PacnodJdo6jrenue" 36yko06 bramxanmmn BUIOBOM: Zlucmanmnas duccumuirayus Huekapalannasn duccumunayuss Koumarmnas duccumursiyus Ynueepca/tuu DAHxaž1HnH poOHOBOHK: Ilonoxenua, dopmyJiupyemote oGujum, U, 6 HACMHOCMU, MUNOJIO2UHeCKUM SI3bIKO6edeH eM bryant BHAOBONM: AbcosrromHuble yHusepcatuu Cmamucmuueckue ynueepcajiuu Ponozpamma BnuxaHimnž pogoBou: Ilucomennbiti 3Har 28 Ceprett Ulenor | K xapaxmepucmuxe podosudosoi. Bbriu xaštmini BUIOBOM: IIpocodemozpamMmMa Cunnnabozpamma donemozpamma OrmucaHHas npoueaypa HaXOX/JEHHA POJOBBIX TEDMHHOB (H MOHATUHN) IpuMeHHMA H K Įedununuu TepMHHa NCUXOTIUHZ6UCMUKA, TIPU KOTOpONH rnojnyugaeM [Ba OJIMXAHINHUX pOJHIX INoHATHA —1. „IlucyuiimHa, pa3BUBAFOIIACS Ha CTHIKE A3BIKOBEJIEHUA K nicuxosnorun’ HI 2. „Jucnuminna, KOTOpas U3ydaeT 3aKOHOMEPHOCTH IOPOXKIEHUS V BOCIPHUATHS pe4ueBbIX BbICKA3bIBaHHH; MEXaHU3MBI, YIIPABIAIONUIME DTHMH ONponeccaMH nu obecIEUKMBAIOINHE BilaJleHue U OBJIAJeHUE SI3BIKOM; SI3BIKOBYIO CITOCOOHOCTH uej10BEeKa“ (O BO3MOXKHOCTSX HEOJHO3HAUHOTO BBIJE/IEHUS OMMKAUIEETO POJIOBOrO MOHATHA A719 OTHOTO H TOTO Xe ollpejernenus cM. B pabore [1ileito 2007]). Ilockonbky ananunay moasepraercs GopMyInpoBka COBCTBEHHO onpeJieASIONeTO BhIpa’KeHUs, MHOTO3HaYHble TEpMHHbI VcTouHuKa, pa3Hble 3HAUEHMS KOTOPBIX MMEIOT pa3/IMUuHbIeE OlIpele/IeHUs, MOTYT HMETb pa3HbIie OrNMxaHImHe POJOBbIe TEDMHHb (H NOHATHS); HAIpUMEpP, TEPMUH DMUMOJIOZUSI B 3HAYEHUHN "CITEIHĮMA/IbHAS OTPaACib JIEKCHKOJIOTHH, KOTODpas 3aHMMAETCs BbISCHEeHHeM 3a0bIThIX, VTpa4eHHbIX MOTHBHDOBOK H, TAKUM obpaszoMm, uccieJoBaHIEeM MIPOUCXOXKIEHUS COOTBETCTBYIONHLHX CJIOB" HMEeET OGnuxažirmee pojįĮ0BOe OOHSTHE, BbIipaxXeHHOe PparMeHTOM "OTDpaCJIb JIEKCHKOJIOTHH *', a TOT XKE TePMUH B 3HaUeHHH ‘CAMO IPOUCXOXKICHUE COBA H ero IIEpBOHaUAJIbHAS MOTUBHPOBKA MMeeT O/iMxAHINEe pOHOBOE IOHSTHE, BbIpaxKeHHOe PparMeHTOM “"IIpOHCXOXKJJEHHE C/IOBA H ETO IIEpBOHaU4UA/IbHASI MothubhupKaa. AHa/iOTHUUHO, pa3Hble POJIOBbIEC TEDMHHbI H HOHSTHS UMEET MHOTO3Ha4uHbIŪ TePMUH 4uepeJdo6aHhue: B OJHOM 3HaYeHUU OIMIKANIITUM poTOBBIM [1/151 HETO ASB/ISIE TCS TEDMHHOJIOTUUECKHŪ PpparMenT “3ameHa Gponem (unn BapuaHToB OboHeM)“, a B IPYrOM —TEPMHUH 3BYKOBOW 3aKOH O6parumM TaKxXe BHUMAaHME Ha TO, YTO J1aieKo He Be (0a30Bbie) TEDMHHbI BCTYHAIOT B POJOBUIOBBIE OTHONHIEHHA JIPYT € IPYTOM. ITO HEY IUBUTE/IBHO: BeJIb He BCe 0a30oBble TEDMHHbI UMEIOT OIIpee/eH! 1999 m. rugpjūčio 15 d. 1996 m. – Arūnas Žebriūnas, Lietuvos krepšininkas, žaidžiantis puolėjo pozicijoje, 2000 m. – Arūnas Žebriūnas, Lietuvos krepšininkas, žaidžiantis saugo pozicijoje. B Tb3 ripejncraB/teHbI Bce BbILAB/IEeHHBIE POIOBUIOBBIE OTHOMIEHHUS KAK MEXY COOCTBEHHO 6a30BLIMH TEDMHHAaMMH, Tak ¥ MeXy 0a30BBIMHU H He623OBbIMH TEDMHAMH. Terminologija | 2009 | 16 29 1943 m. – Vytautas Žukauskas, Lietuvos ir Klaipėdos krašto politinis bei visuomenės veikėjas (g. 1883 m.). Ha rrepBoM ypoBHe pOJJOBHĄOBOH CTpYyKTYDpbI HAXOASMTCA 39 TEDMHHOB, CpeJM KOTOPBIX GKMAHM, anajiumuveckoe obpasosanue, accumuisyus, agppukc, epammamuyeckas epynnupoeka JteKcuueckux eOuHUY A3blKa, epammamuueckas Kamezopus, epammamuyeckuti cmpoii, duccumusayus... ¢ppaseosrozusm, Pppaszosoe ydapenue, sKk3eMnaAp cosa, aKkcnonenm 3unaka, w3vik. 1947 m. – Vytautas Žukauskas, krepšininkas, rinktinės žaidėjas (g. 1926 m.). MakKcHMAa/IbHbIĖ YPOBEHB POJOBUIOBOU CTpYyKTYpbI —nATh. 1930–1932 m. – A. Smetona, 1932–1936 m. – A. Smetona, 1936–1939 m. – A. Smetona, 1939–1940 m. – A. Smetona, 1940–1941 m. – A. Smetona, 1941–1944 m. – A. Smetona, 1944–1945 m. – A. Smetona, 1945–1946 m. – A. Smetona, 1946–1947 m. – A. Smetona. XaPaKTepucthka 3Tux TEPMHUHOB Kak JOCTATOYHO ITTYDOKUX B POJOBUIOBOM HepapxXHH MOXKeT OBITh IPOUIIIOCTPUPOBAHA CHEAVIOMIMMU PsijiaMuU POJOBHIOBOY Hepapxuu: deenpuyacmue —eepboud —znazon —uacmo pesuu —epamMmamuyeckas epynnuposeKa jekcudeckux eduHuy A 3vika, ungunumue —eepboud —2;1a20/1 —uacmb peuu —2paAMMAMUYECKAA 2pynnuposka Jiekcuyeckux eJunuų sI3blkad, cynuH —eéepboud —ajia20J1 —YACITIb peuu —zpamMamuueckas epynnupoeka jgekcudeckux eduHuy asvika. II lecrb TepMUHOB HAXOAUTCSA Ha YETBEPTOM YPOBHE POLOBHIOBOU Mepapxuu: éepboud, 63auMHOKOHBepPCUBHbIE 2/1420Tbl, 2JTYXOli, 360HKUŪ, OKOHuanue, cypduxc. Heo6xojiuMo ocobo yrioMaHyTb BHEYpOBHEBPIC TEDMHHbI pojJOBHAOBOH CTPpYKTYDPPBI, —GaKT, NPeACTABIAIOMUN CAMOCTOSTE/bHBbIM NMHTBHCTHYeCKHUH nHTepec. B caMOM genas, CyImeCTBOBaHHe 6930BbIX TepMHHOB, KOTODBbIE BCTYTNIaIOT B POJOBUIOBbIE OTHONIEHHA C HEKOTOPHIMU TEDMHHOJIOTHYECKHMH HOMUHAOUAMH, HO HE UMEKOT HU POJOBBIX, HH BHĄAOBPpIX 0A30BbIX TEPMHHOB, —ĮĮA/IEKO He odeBuaHbid dakr. Tem He MeHee, TaKHe TEDMHKHO/IOTHUECKHE eUHUIIBI He TIPOCTO CYIIECTBYIOT, HO obpa3yroT CaMyIo 4acTh DOJOBHOBbIX OTHOLICHUH: COOTBETCTBYIONUX Jap, BK/IIOYAIOLUX OTH eAuHULb, —238. 100 mg 1 kartą per parą, 2 savaites. B HUX IEPBBIM TepMHH —0a30BbIN, a O7IMXAHMINIHUŪ POJIOBOM JŲIS Hero —He6a3OBbIH (ITOCTIETHNN, C/IeIOBATE/IbHO, HE HMEET M COOCTBEHHOH C/IOBapHOH CTAThH), CP. A22JIHOIMUHAIMUE6HAA MeHOe Hy agppukcayuu —mendenyusi aPpukcayuu, akkomodayust —USMEHeHUS 8 ApMuKyYJIAYUL COZTACHbIX U 6 APMUKYJIAYUL JTACHbIX, AKI peydu —npoyecc, 0X6aMbIBAIOW ULL 2080peHue L CITYX080€ 6e0Cnpusimue U NOHUMAHUE YCITbILLAHH020, AKIMUGHDLLI Cmpoli NPped/IOMCeHU —Cmpoli NPeOTONCEHUN... A3blKo6oe obweHue —obmen undopmayuell ¢ NOMOWbIO KAKO2O-TUOO A3bIKA: 30 Cepreit Illenos | K xapakmepucmuxe podosudosotl... A3bIK060L 3HaK —eJUHUYA si3bika; SI3bIKOGOL COr03 —ODLYKOCINb fI3bIKOSB; „zemepozpamma“ – nuUCbMeHHbIL 3HAK. 3aBepIM ONMUCAHUE TIOHATHHHON CTPYKTYPDI IUHI BAC TUYECKOH TEDMHHOJIOTHH CBEJICHUSIMM OO ee I[€/I09aC THON CTPYKTYpe. BrisiBennbie Ha MarepHate TEDMHHOJIOTHYeCKHX OrpejenenuHh McTOYHUKA HE/IOUACTHPIE OTHOINEHUS Da3jĮe/ISIOTCS Ha /IBe TPYIIIbI Ha OTHOINEHUS MeXK/Ay Oa30BbIMH TEDMHHAMH, a TaKXe Ha OTHOIUEHUS MEXIy TEpMHHAMH, OJUH H3 KOTODpPIX Oa30BbIK, a ApyroH —Her. 1954 m. – Algirdas Butkevičius, Lietuvos krepšininkas, rinktinės žaidėjas (g. 1905 m.). B mpenenax JTMHI'BUCTHUECKOTO MaTepuasia He/IOUaCTHbIE OTHOIIEHUs, KaK IHpaBH/IO, CBA3BIBAIOT MOO a) HEKOTOPbhle MEHTANIbHbIE HAVUHBIE CVIIHOCTH B BHIE pas/iesioB HH OTHE/IBHBIX JUCIUILIMH TON H/IH HHOHM HAYKHM H HAYKU B He/IOM, mbo 6) MarepnansHbIe YacTH (PpparmMeHTH!) S3bIKOBBIX 3HAKOBBIX OGpa30BaHHHM H, COOTBETCTBEHHO, BKIIOUAKOIME MX eIUHUIIbI, KaK HalpUMep: ¢donoroeusn —asvikosedenue, cmutucmuxka —si3vlko6edeHue, cemacuostoeust —JIEKCUKOJIO2Usl, NPUKJIadHoe s3biko6edeHue —A3bIKO6eJdenue, popmoobpasyrowsast ocnosa c/ro8a —C1060, UHEEHMAPL 2padem ponemozpaduueckoeo nucoma —asipasum. Ha nepsom ypoBHe 11e/104aCTHON CTPYKTYPHL 0a30BBIX TUHTBUC TUYECKUX TePMHUHOB HAXO/STCS, HAIIDHMEDp, TEDMHHĖbI €JI060, C102, A3bIKOBAST Cemos, sa3vikoeedenue. Ha Bropom pwBHE I1€109aCTHOM CTPYKTYPBI pacnonaratrorcsa 0azoBble TEDpDMHHbI 2PAMMAIMUKA, JIEKCUKOJI02US, OCH06a croea, podcmieéeHHble A3bIKU, cmurucmuka, ¢popmoobpasyrowas ocHoea c/106a Vi Jip. TpeTbum ypoBHEM He/IOUacTHOH CTPYKTYPBI XapakTePU3YIOTCA TEpMHHbI Mopgposrozuyeckas munosiozus, mopgonoaus, ceMacuosio2ust, CUHIMAKCUC, CUHIMAKcu4eckas munogoeust. MakcnMaJIbHBIM YPOBEHD 11€/104aC THOM CTPYKTYPbI —YeTBEP THIN; Ha HEM PacIIoiararoTcd bazosble TEepMHHbI Co6cmeenHno mopgostozust K ciro6006paszosaHue, KOTOpble UMEIOT OJHOTUITHYIO “11€7I09aCTHYIO I11eMOUYKY, B KOTOPOU KAXKĮĮbIŪ IIOC/IEJĮYIOLIHH TepMHUH ODO3HauaeT B 94acTh TOTO, UTO O0603HauaeT OpEeLINYLIHHU, H KOTOpas, TAKUM 00pasoM, AOKa3bIBaeT riybuHy COOTBETCTBYIOIIEH MepapXHH: H3biKOG6eJenue —epaMMamuKa —mopgposrozus — co6cmeenno mopgostozust, sizvikoeedenue —zpammMamuKa —mopgoJrozus —c10600bpasosanue. [TpuBesieM ele HeCKOMBKO IPUMEPOB IHĮC/IOUaCTHbIX OTHOIIEHUN, BbISBNeHHpIX Ha Marepuane Mcrounuka, B Bue OTAENbHBIX C/IOBAPHBIX CTaTeH COOTBETCTRYIOMIUX TEDMHHOB: Terminologija | 2009 | 16 31