SOCIALINES
LINGVISTIKOS
PROBLEMOS
LIETUVIU
KALBOTYROS
KLAUSIMAI,
XIX
(1979)
Buga
lOososna
MUX
AJIBUEH
KO
AKTYAJIbHBIE
COMMOJIMHTBUCTHYECKHE
MPOBJIEMbI
ASbIKOBOM
DKH3HH
JIATOBCKOM
CCP
Tlocuequee
jecaTueTHe
pasBUTHA
COBETCKOTO
A3bIKO3HaHHA
XapakTepu3yeTCA
BOSPOXeHHeM
HHTepeca
K
CBA3H
A3bIKa
H
MbIIWIeHHA,
ASbIKa
H
TICHXHYECKOH
JeA-
T@/IbHOCTH,
K
N1pOOeMe
3aBHCHMOCTH
ASbIKOBOTO
PasBHTHA
OT
COUMAJbHBIX
ABJC-
HHH,
U3yYeHHe
KOTOPBIX
B
CBA3H
C
MPeHMYIeCTBEHHbIM
BHHMaHHeM
A3bIKOBe1OB
K
BHYTpeHHeil
CTpyKType
A3bIKa
B
SHAaYHTebHOH
CTeNeHH
Obi0
MpekpalileHo.
Jlas
coppeMeHHol
HayKM
XapakTepHbI
Ba
IPOTHBOMOOAKHBIX
Npowecca
—
AUp-
(bepeHHauia
H
MNTe pallua,
KOTOpBIe
B
OOMACTH
ASbIKOSHAHHA
MPOABJIAIOTCA
B
BOSHHKHOBCHHH
TakKHX
JMCIMIWIMH,
KaK
MCHXOJMHIBHCTHKAa,
3THOJMHIBACTHKa,
COMMOJIMHTBUCTHKA,
HHTCPpHpYIOulMx
JMHIBUCTHKYy
C
Apy iMH
HayKaMH
HM
Mpo-
ABJIAIOWUX
TCH
AEHUMIO
K
OOOCOO/IeHHIO
B
OTAebHbIe
OTpac.u.
TocueqHuM
O6cTOA-
TEJIbCTBOM
BbISBaHO
CTpeMJIeHHe
YYEHBIX
K
CO3aHHIO
TeOpeTHYeCKHX
OCHOB
CO-
UHaJIbHOH
JIMHPBUCTHKH,
K
BbIpPaGOTKe
CBOe O,
OPHTHHAJIbHOTO
MOAXOsa
K
Hsy4e-
HHIO
ASbIKa,
K
CO3aHHIO
NOHATHMHOFO
alimapa a,
a
Tak*Ke
CielMaJIbHbIX
MCTOJOB
uecueqopanua
(Jlemepues
10.
JI.,
1977;
Huxonpexuii
JI.
B.,
1976;
LUsei -
uep
A.
J1.,
1977).
Tlepeg
cope cKoii
cOWuMOJHHTBUCTHKOM,
BOspo xkAeHHOK
B
70-e
osbI
B
Kawec-
TBe
peaKUMH
Ha
KpaliHocTH
BHYTPeHHeH
JIMHTBUCTHKH,
JA
yOB/eTBOpeHHA
COUMAJIBHBIX
MOTpeOHOCTeli,
OOyCIOBJICHHLIX
Pa3BUTHEM
ASbIKOBO!
2KH3HA
MHOTO-
HallMOHaJIbHOTO
COBETCKOFO
Hapo la,
CTOHT
3ajjaua
pasBepTbIBAHHA
COMMOJMHTBHC-
THYECKHX
HCC/IeOBaHH
M0
LeOMy
PAY
AKTYa/bUbIX
[1/1
COBPEMeHHOH
ASbIKO-
BOli
2kH3HH
Hapogzos
CCCP
npo6sem.
K
HUM
OTHOCATCH
pasBuTHe
OOUeCTBEHHEIX
(PYHKUMIi
ASbIKOB
Ha
COBPeMeHHOM
9Tale
H
B
MPOLIIOM,
XapakTep
BAMAHHA
TOTO
ipolecca
Ha
pasHbIe
yPOBHH
ASbIKOBOH
CTPyKTYpbl,
3aKOHOMEpHOCTH
(PYHKUMOHH-
POBaHHA
PyCCKOFO
ASbIKa
Kak
A3bIKa
MeMKHAMOHAIbHOTO
OOWeHHA
Ha
PasHbIX
9TalaX
pasBUTHA
COBETCKOM
CTPaHbl,
IPOWeCChI
pasBUTHA
PasHbIX
THNOB
OnJIMHY-
BH3Ma
MH
HanOosee
BaxKHOTO
B
COMMaIbHOM
IJlaHe
—
HallMOHaJIbHO-pyccKo o
ABYASLMMA,
UCCeAOBaHHe
HaHOosee
pallMOHaJIbHbIX
NyTeH
Co3,aHHA
TepMHHOI0-
THYCCKHX
CHCTeM
B
A3bIKax
HapogoB
CCCP
u
Ap.
u
npobleMbl
H3y4yaloTcs
pas-
HBIMH
aBTOPaMH
MyTeM
OCMBICJICHHA
SASbIKOBbIX
IIPOLeCCOB,
XapaKTepHbIX
AIA
OTJ@/JbHBIX
PEFHOHOB
HAM
ASbIKOBEIX
pyum
(JlapGeepa
A.
A.,
1969;
Xacanos
B.,
1976
u
ap.),
HM
2Ke
MyTeM
BHIACHeHHA
OOUIHX
AIA
BCell
CTPaHbl
3aKOHOMepHOC-
eli
(Jlemepues
IO.
JI.,
1976).
Tako
noAxo
BbIsBaH
HeOOXOAMMOCTbIO
BEIABAeHHA
Kak
OOILHX
SAKOHOMePHOCTeH
ASbIKOBOTO
pasBUTHA,
TaK
H
YaCTHBIX
OcOOeHHOCTel
HX
MPOABJICHHA
B
KOHKPeTHBIX
ITHOKYIbTYPHBIX,
ITHOMMHTBUCTHUCCKUX
YCJIOBHAX.
Ilenb
wac on eli
c aTbu
—
OMpeeJHTb
OCHOBHBIe
aKTYaJIbHbIe
MpOO/IeMBI
s3bI-
KOBOM
2%KuSHH
B
JIMTBe,
BLIABHTb
BOSMOXHBIC
WYTH
HX
HCCeLOBaHHA,
a
TakxKe
MHTeplpeTHpOBaTb
TeopeTHYeCKyIO
H
MpaKTW¥eCKy!0
3HaYHMOCTb
HX
pellleHHs.
OcyulecTBHTb
3TO
MOXKHO
JIHIlb
C
YYCTOM
OOUIMX
TeHAeHIMi
PasBUTHA
ASbIKOBO
2ku3HH
B
CCCP.
@yHKWHOHMpOBaHHe
ASbIKOB
Hapo os
CCCP
B
copeTcKoe
BpeM®,
C
OJHOM
CTO-
POHBI,
OMpeyemAeTcA
OOWMMH
3aKOHOMePHOCTAMH
Pa3sBHTHA
CoOBeTCKOTO
OGIe-
cTBa,
C
{py oli
—
KOHKPeTHBIMH
STHOJIMHTBHCTHYeCKHMH
YCJIOBAAMH,
B
KOTO-
a
19
PIX
STH
3aKOHOMEPHOCTH
peamHsyloTcA.
OAHHM
U3
OCHOBHEIX
(pakTOpoB,
JeTep-
MHHHP
OMX
TeHJeHLHM
ASLIKOBOTO
PasBHTHA
B
Hallie
CTpane,
ABAAeTCA
OOpa-
30BaHHe
HOBOli
HCTOpH4eCKOl
OGIIHOCTH
—
COBeTCKO O
Hapoa,
KOTOpBI
cos
saul
eQUHYy10
10
AyXy
H
IPHHUMNHAaAbHOMY
COjepxKaHUIO
COMMA
THCTHYECKY1O
KYJIbTY-
PY,
BKwHOYaIOLLy10
Ha Oo lee
LeHHbIe
YePTHI
M
TPaquuMH
KyJbTyp
Haposos
Hawieli
CTpaHbl.
OJHOBpeMeHHO
¢
cos aHHeM
OOUlecoBeTCKOi
KyJIbTypbI
CoxpansioTca
H
PaSBUBalOTCA
CaMOObITHDIe
YePTbI
COMMAJIHCTHYCCKMX
HallHOHaJIbHLIX
KYJIbTYp.
Paspu ue
oOulecoBeTcKol
KyJbTYpbI
H
JabHelimMi
paciieT
HalHOHaIbHbIX
COMMAMCTHYCCKHX
KYJIbTYP
COMPOBORKLAIOTCA
EAHHBIM
COCYUIeCTBOBaHHeM
JBYX
TeHJCHUM
ASbIKOBOTO
PasBHTHA
HapOAOB
Hallleli
CTpaHbl:
3TO
peamu3aluA
NoTeH-
IHaJIbHBIX
BO3MOAKHOCTeH
ASbIKOB
HapoyoB
CCCP
nu
oHOBpemMeHHoe
HHTeHCHBHOE
pacmpoc pa HeHue
pyccko o
SASbIKa
KaK
s3bIKa
M@KHAUMOHATbHOTO
OOLLeHHA
(Ipo pamma
Kommyxuc wueckoi
nap un
Cope cKo o
Coiosa,
1976,
c.
115—116).
Heo6xoquMmo
yuec b,
YTO
OCHOBHBIe
YePTHI
ASLIKOBO!
KUSH
HaposoB
Hallleli
eTpa-
HI
MO yT
ObITh
MpaBHJIbHO
OCBELeHbI
JHU
NOCTe
BbIABAeHHA
NyTel
peam sa-
UHH
3THX
3AKOHOMePHOCTeH
B
KOHKPeTHBIX
YCOBUAX
TOH
HH
HHO
pecnyOauKH,
To o
HM
HHO O
pe ona.
TlosToMy
Ha
COBpeMeHHOM
9TaNe,
Ha
Halll
BSA,
Becb-
Ma
aKTYaJIbHbI
COMMOJMHTBHCTHYECKHe
HCCAEMOBaHUA
ASHIKOBOL
2uBsHH
JIuTOBC-
Koi
CCP,
npoBojuMpie
B
AByX
HampaBsiennax:
1)
usyaenne
BOMPOCOB
(PyHKI{HOHH-
POBaHHA
M
PasBHTHA
JIMTOBCKO O
sA3bIKa;
2)
UCCeOBaH e
OCHOBHEIX
TeHJeHI i
yHKUMOHHpOBaHHA
H
pacnpocTpaHeHHA
B
pecnyOmuKe
pyccKo o
s3bIKa
Kak
A3bIKa
M@KHALMOHAIbHOTO
OOIMIeHHA.
Uccueqosan e
cbyHKUMOHHpOBaHHA
HU
pasBHTHA
JMTOBCKOTO
A3bIKa
BKTIOGaeT
PAX
MHTepeCHbIX
B
TEOPeTHYECKOM
H
MIpaKTHY€CKOM
aCII€KTaX
BOMPOCoB:
pasBHi-
THE
OOLLECTBEHHBIX
(PYHKUHH
JMTOBCKOTO
A3bIKa
B
PasJIMYHBIe
UCTOpPHYecKHe
Te-
PHOAbI
H
BMAHHE
STOO
Mpolecca
Ha
PasHble
ETO
YPOBHH;
CBA3b
OOLeCTBeHHOTO
H
KYJbTYpHO O
Mpo pecca
AWTOBCKOTO
Hapoya
C
PasBHTHEM
JIMTOBCKOFO
A3bIKa;
COMMaJIbHaA
OOYCOBJICHHOCTS
SI3bIKOBbIX
H3MCHeHHIi;
CONMOMHTBUCTHYeCKaA
OCHOBa
MIPpOWeCCOB
HOPMHPOBAHUA
JIMTOBCKOTO
ASbIKa;
NPHHUMMbI
CoslanuA
Hayy-
HO-TEXHHYECKOH
H
OOMECTBEHHO-OAMTHYeCKON
TepMHHOMO HH;
pe eBasd
KyETy-
Pa
Kak
OJHa
H3
COCTABHBIX
YacTeH
OOWLECOBETCKOM
KYIbTypbI;
XapakTep
u
chopMbI
B3aUMOJeHCTBHA
JMTOBCKOTO
A3bIKa
C
PYCCKMM
H
APyTUMH
A3bIKAaMH,
(byHKUAOHH-
PylolluMn
B
pecnyOnke,
u
T.1.
Oc aHopuMcs
noxpobHee
Ha
HeKOTOPBIX
43
ym10-
MAHYTBIX
BOMpOcos.
O6mec BeHHEIe
PYAKUMH
AMTOBCKOTO
A3EIKa
PaccMaTPUBANHCb
B
OOULAX
yep-
Tax
B
pajle
pa6o
(Kpyonac
H.,
1969;
Jlemepues
IO.
JI.,
1976;
Muxampuen-
xo
B.
10.,
1975),
onnako
ly6oKo o,
BCeCTOPOHHe o
HCCAeTOBAHUA
CONMAJIbHBIX
byHkuni
HTOBCKOTO
AsbIKa
NO
cHXx
Top
He
cyllecTBye .
Kak
u3BecTHO,
JMTOBCKUii
s3BIK
JO
cepequHb
XVI
B.
(PyYHKUMOHHpOBad
B
Ka-
ueCTBe
O€CIHCbMeHHOTO
HapOHO-pas oBOpHO O
ASbIKa
JIHTOBCKOTO
Hapo la,
a
TaKKE
ASbIKa
YCTHOTO
HapOHO-MosTHYecKo o
TBOpyecTBa
(Lie u iy
li e a i os
is o ija,
1957).
JImu
oTjeabHbe
MTOBCKHe
caoBa
Yilo pe61a1HCb
B
JOKYMeHTAaX,
HanMCaHHBIX
Ha
SallaqHOPyCCKOM,
HEMeLKOM
M
JlaTHHCKOM
s3biKax.
B
cepexune
XVI
8.
B
cBA3H
C
NOABJeHHeM
MMCbMeHHOCTH
pacuIMps oTca
ccbep
mipHMenenusa
AMTOBCKOTO
AsbiKa.
Jla bHelillee
pasBUTMe
cONMaNbHBIX
yHKUMi
mMTOBCKOTO
AsbIKa
B
PasHbIX
Cibepax
KYJIbTypPHOH
2KH3HH
MHTOBCKOTO
Haposa
UWI0
10
nyTH
TOCTeNeHHOTO
BbITECHEHHA
APYTUX
ASBIKOB
(HEMeILKOFO,
3anajHOpyccko o,
MosbC-
ko o).
B
cBoeM
pa3BuTHH
AMTOBCKUiT
ASBIK
poe
ClowHeHIIM
NyTh
—
OT
Hapos-
HO-PaSTOBOPHOTO,
A3bIKa
YCTHOTO
HapO HO-MOSTHYeCKOTO
TBOPYeCTBa
JO
ASbIKa
JNTOBCKO!
COlMaJIHCTHYeCKOH
Halu,
OOCYyKMBaIOMIe o
BCE
ccbepp
couMabHOoi
H
KYJbTYPHOM
*usHH
Hapo a.
PasBu ne
o6mlecTBeHHBIX
@yHKUHH
THTOBCKOTO
ASbIKA
HE
ObIIO
ACKJOUNTEAHO
BOCXOAAUAM
MpoweccoM:
cyllecTBOBaJIH
TepHo-
AI
OTHOCHTEIBHO
OpICTPOTO
NMpo BMKeHMA
BHepe_
HM
MepHOLLI
HeKOTOpO O
3a-
20
c oa.
e
u
Apy e
3aBucesM
OT
HCTOPHYeCKOTO
PasBHTHA
JIMTOBCKOTO
Haposa,
OT
pA la
MONMTHYeCKUX,
COUMAIbHbIX,
STHMYECKHX
H
KYJIbTYPHbIX
CakTOpos,
pasJM4HOe
CO“eTAHHe
KOTOPBIX
B
pasHble
MCTOPpHYeCKMe
MepHO bI
Co3{aBailo
60-
jee
WJM MeHee
OJla onpuATHBIe
yCJIOBHA
Jia
paciinpenua
cep
npHMenenua
aMTOBCKO O
A3bIKa.
HeoOxoxuMo
usy4UTb,
KaK
BMA
COMMa/IbHO-9KOHOMHAeCC-
KHe
YCJOBMA,
STHOKYJbTYPHbIe
MpOLecchl
Ha
COMMAJIbHBIe
(yHKUMH
JHTOBCKOTO
sgbiKa,
Ha
e O
MpHMeHeHHe
B
ccbepax
AeOMpousBocTBa,
KHHTOMeyaTaHuA,
BbIC-
we o
M
cpeqHe o
OOpa30Banua
u
T. .
Ji
STOTO
HYAKHO
BCKPbITh
CTPyKTyPpy,
OObeM
ASbIKOBLIX
(PYHKUMi
TOTO
HIM
HHOTO
MepHo a,
MOKasaTb
COlUMa/bHY!O
OO
ycOBeHHOCTS
THX
syHKUMii,
Onpe emuTH,
KaK
B
Toll
HIM
MHOM
Ccbepe
Ky.1b-
TYPHOH
2KH3HM
JIMTOBCKOTO
HapoO la
COCYLeCTBOBAJIN
1Ba
WJIM
Tp
ASbIKa,
KakHe
COUMaJIbHBIe
(PaKTOPbI
CMOCOOCTBOBAaJH
HIM
2Ke,
HaOOOPOT,
Mella
pacuIMpeHHio
cbyHKUHi
JIMTOBCKOTO
s3bIKa.
Viccaenosan e
nmpoueccos
pasBuTHa
COuMadbHbIX
(PyHKUMi
JIMTOBCKOTO
ASBI-
Ka
MpeAcTaBneT
MHTepec,
TaK KaK
MO3BOAHeT
yI IyOeHHO,
Hay¥HO
CCBETHTb
TyTH
OpMHPOBaHUA
HalMOHA/IbHOTO
CaMOCO3HaHHA
JIMTOBCKOFO
Hapowa,
B
ST-
HUYECKUX
MpoleccaxX
KOTOPOTO
ASHIK
34HHMa/I
BECbMa
SHAYHTe/IbHOe
MeCTO,
OCO-
Genno
HawuHaa
c
XIX
B.
B
CBASH
C
KOHCOJMAalMell
AMTOBCKOM
Haun.
OOcTos-
TeAbHOe
AHAXPOHHOE
COMMOMMHTBUCTHYeCKOe
HCCMEAOBAHMe
PasBATHA
OOMLeCTBeH-
HbIX
(YHKUMi
MHTOBCKOTO
ABbIKAa
CMOCOOCTBOBAIO
Obi
OCBELeHHIO
ASbIKOBOH
2Ku3HH
JINTBEI
B
MPOUNIOM,
BBIABJICHHIO
POJIM
JMTOBCKOTO
H
APYTHX
ASbIKOB
B
COmMaAbHOl
M
KYAbTYpHOM
wKusHM
Hace eHua.
Ha
done
sbyHKUMOHaTbHOTO
pa3-
BUTHA
JIMTOBCKOTO
ASbIKa
Goslee
peAbe pHO
MOXHO
ObINIO
Obl
OCBETHTb
OCHOBHBIC
TeHJeHIHM
e o
HOPMUPOBaHHA,
NyTH
pasBUTHA
e o
CTpyKTypsI.
Kpome
To o,
Bo3s-
MOMKHBI
OMPeseTeHHBIe
YTOUHeHHA
OO leTeopeTMuecKHX
MosomwKenui .
Hanpumep,
IIPHHATO
CYHTATb,
YTO
(PyHKUHOHATbHOe
PasBUTHe
ABbIKa
OMpeeiAeT,
MeTep-
MHHHpyeT
B
3HauHTeMbHOM
CTeneHH
U3MeHeHHA
e o
OTMeAbHBIX
ypoBHeli
(JLenie-
pues
IO.
JI.,
1977,
c.
233).
OnnaKo
9T0
mpaBHIbHOe
TeopeTH4eCKOe
MoulowKeHHe
HE
OTPullaeT
HaIMYMA
B
pasHooOpasHoli,
MPOTHBOPeYHBOM
ASBIKOBOH
2KH3HH
Mpolll-
JOTO
TaKUX
CJIy4aeB,
KOPa
9Ta
OOYCMOBJEHHOCTh
MPOABANaCb
HeEOAHOSHATHO,
cBoeo6pasHo.
BHYTpHCTpyKTypHoe
pa3BHTHe
ASbIKa
MOXKET
MPOHCXOLHTb
OYeHb
MHTeCHCHBHO
MPH
CpaBHHTe/IbHO
He3HaYHTeIbHOM
PaClIMpeHHH
€TO
COMMa/IbHBIX
dbynkuni .
Tax,
B
XVII—XVIII
BB.
au osckuii
A3bIK
BecbMa
Me//leHHO
PaciilMpAd
CBOH
OOMeCTBeHHBIe
(PyHKUHH,
ONHAKO
HHTeHCHBHO
(hopMHpoBa ucb
e o
oHeTH-
yecKHe
H
MOp(osO M4ecKHe
HOPMBI,
eKCHKa
H
CHHTaKcH¥ecKui
cTpoi .
Heo6xo-
MMO
YUeCTb,
YTO
OTHOCHTE/IbHO
LIMPOKOe
e
MIPHMeHeHHe
B
PasHBIX
Cpepax
KYVIb-
TYPHOM
MU
OOMECTBEHHOM
XKU3HH
JINTOBCKO O
Hapo la
B
6ypxKyasHbIli
MepHoA
He
BbISBAIO
3HAYHTEJIbHBIX
H3MeHEHMi
B
e o
CTPyKTYype,
HHTeHCHBHOTO
e o
HOPMH-
posanua.
To-sugumomy,
8B
XVII—XVIII
BB.
Ooubu yI0
powb
cbi pasl
cyObeKTHB-
Hbili
(bakKTOP
—
JeATebHOCTh
HOPMasH3aTOPOB
ASbIKAa,
YCHMBIIaICA
B
MepHos
copMuposania
HTOBCKOH
Ham.
B
Oypuyasubii
MepHog
JIMTOBCKHH
ASbIK
MpH-
MeHAJICA
BO
BCeX
cchepax
COLMaTbHOM
H
Ky
IbTy PHO!
2%H3sHH,
HO
CaMH
ccbepbI
Obi
Maslopa3BUTbl
(KHHT
H3 aBaJiOcb
Malo,
He
BCe
HaceyleHHe
COOTBETCTBYIOMIMX
BOSpacToB
ObI10
OXxBayeHO
OOpasoBaHHem
Hu
T..).
[logo6HbIe
ABeHHA,
Ha
Halll
BSPVIAJ,
CBUIETEIbCTBYIOT
O
HEOMHOTHMHOCTH,
pasHooOpasHH
B3aHMOOTHOMICHHI
(PyHKUMOHaIbHOTO
HM
BHYTPUCTPpyKTypHO o
pasBUTHSA.
B
cope ckui
nep oy
pasBuTHe
O6iecTBEHHBIX
(PYHKIUHi
HTOBCKOTO
ASbIKa
ILO
IBYMA
yYTAMH:
C
OAHOH
CTOPOHBI,
JIMTOBCKHI
A3bIK
CTa/I
MPHMeHATHCA
B
HOBbIX
ecbepax
uemoBeyecKoll
JeaTeIbHOCTH
(HallMOHabHOe
KHHO,
Te/eBULeHHe),
©
Apy oii
—
nono7HHa
cBow
obilecTBeHHbIe
(byHKUMH,
MpPHMeHsJIcA
B
pacilin-
PHBIUHXCA
TPawMMHOHHBIX
Ciepax
KYJbTYPHOM
2KH3HH
WHTOBCKOTO
Haposa
(06-
pasoBanue,
KHHTOMeyaTanne,
JesonpousBoscTBO
u
Ap.).
Ilo
cpasHenuio
c
Oypaxxy-
ASHBIM
TlepHOJOM
B
COBETCKHE
TOAbI
PasBHTHE
OOMECTBEHHBIX
(PyHKLAi
JIMTOBCKOTO
21
S3bIKa
B
OCHOBHOM
Ll/I0
He
TO
MYTH
yBeMYeHUA
KOMMYeCTBa
ccbep
e o
mpuMene-
HUA
(NOABHJMCb
TOKO
Be
HOBbIe
C(epbl
KYJIbTYPHOH
2KUSHH:
HallHOHaJIbHOe
KHHO
H
TeeBHeHHe),
a
3a
CHET
PpasBHTHA
CaMHX
Cep,
yBeMUeHHA
UX
O6beMa,
ycloxKHeHUA
UX
CTpyKTypbI.
Tak,
HampuMep,
B
GypxxyasHoi
JInTBe
ObI,10
6
By-
30B,
a
B
Cope cKoli
—
12;
B
1964
.
B
Bysax
pecnyOnuku
cTYZeHTOB
Oxo
B
10
pas
6oubu e, uem
B
1939/40
yue6Hom
oy.
Tosopa
0
pasHbIX
nepHoyax
pasBHTHA
OOWLeCTBeHHBIX
(yHKUUi
ANTOBCKO O
ASbIKa
Ha
JAHHOM
STalle
USyYeHHA
MpOueccoB
(byHKUHOHMPOBaHAA
ASbIKOB
B
JIuT-
Be,
OFPaHHYHMCH
CpaBHeHHeM
WMP
MH
YMO3PHTeAbHbIMH
3aKJIOYCHHAMH,
Tak
Kak
AO
CHX
Nop
OTCYTCTBYIOT
pa6OTEI,
NOKASbIBAalOL{He
COBOKYIMHOCTb
OOeCTBEHHbIX
(yHKWAH
JIMTOBCKOTO
SA3bIKa
B
PaSHble
HCTOPHYeCKHe
MePHOsbI,
a
TakK2Ke
3Ha-
YHTEJIBHbIe
H3MEHEHHA,
KOTOPbIe
MPOUSOLLWIN
B
eTO
(PyHKUMOHMPOBaHHH
B
coBeTc-
KHi
NepHoOd,
H
BAMAHHe
3THX
H3MeHeHHI
Ha
pasHble
e o
ypoBHH.
Ycu JenHe
TeHJeHUMi
COsHaTeLHOTO
BOSJelicCTBUA
OOlecTBa
Ha
sAsBIK
(Jleme-
pues
IO.
JI.,
1977,
c.
254)
pe6ye
6onee
npuc anbHo o
BHUMaHHA
A3bIKOBe0B
K
OO[MM
TeHJeHUMAM
(byHKUMOHUPOBaHHA
H
PasBATHA
ASbIKOB
B
CTpaHe
Hu
B
pec-
nyOuIMKe,
K
MpoOMeMe
COOTBETCTBHA
TEMHOB
H
TeHACHUMH
HOPMUpOBaHUA
ABbIKA
Ha
COBPeMCHHOM
YPOBHe
pasBUTHA
COBeTCKO O
OOuecTBa.
B
yacT HocTu,
HEOOXOH-
MO
pelUHTb
BOMpoc
06
yueTe
COMMAIbHbIX
(paKTOPOB
B
XOMe
COSHATEBHOTO
BAMA-
HHA
OOlecTBa
Ha
AUTOBCKHH
A3BIK.
UTOObI
NPOHJIIOCTPUPOBaTb
aHHOe
MosI0xKe-
HHe,
OCTaHOBUMCA
Ha
KOHKPeTHbIX
MpHMepax.
Kak
yxKe
ObI10
OTMeYeHO,
B
COBeETCKHIi
NepHO
NOABHAMCb
HOBBIE
cepa
byHK
-
UMOHKPOBaHUA
JIHTOBCKOTO
A3bIKa
—
HallMOHaJIbHas
KHHeMaTO padusa,
TeeBli-
NeHHe,
KPpOMe
To o,
HHTeHCHBHO
pacnpocTpaHsAloTcA
pasHble
cbOpMbI
OOMeCTBeH-
HOH
HM
KYJIbTYPHOM
JeATeAbHOCTH
(cOBelllaNHA,
CbESABI,
KOHdepeHIMH,
cHMIO-
SHYMBI,
BCTpeuH
C
HHCaTeIAMM
H
Ap.),
Toe
TpeOy oulMe
MpHMeHeHUA
ycTHOIi
opmei
ssbika.
Tloszicuica
oOw uii
KybTypHbI
ypoBeHb
Hapo a,
u3MeHHsAUCE
MCHXOJOTHYeCKHe
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NO
OTHOUeHHIO
K
KyabType
pew.
Ilos omy
oue-
HBAs
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3HAYHMOCTb
NHCbMeHHOM
H
YCTHOI
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A3bIKa,
HEOOXOAUMO
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UTO
COMHaJbHAaA
POlb
yCTHOH
CpopMbI
A3bIKa
Bospoc.ia.
B
jocoBeTcKHii
NepHOA
B
COOTBETCTBHH
C
COLlHaJIbHbIMU
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H
YPOBHEM
pasBUTHsA
OOULeC-
TBCHHIX
(PYHKUMH
AsbIKa
GOJIbUIYIO
POslb
B
OOLECTBEHHOM
HM
KYJbTYpHOH
2KUSHH
JMTOBCKOTO
Hapoa
HIpasla
MMCbMeHHad
opMa
ABbIKa,
UTO
CKa3bIBaJIOCch
Ha
WIKOJIDHOM
OOYYEHH,
OCHOBHAA
Leb
KOTOPOTO
—
usy4YHTb
opdo padu o,
B
JK-
TYaHHCTHKE
MPCMMYUIeCTBeHHO
HallpaBseHHyIO
Ha
MCCesOBaHMe
HM
HOpMasu3a-
WUIO
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(popMbI
s3bIKa.
B
cope ckuii
2Ke
nlepHog
yeTHas
dopma
mpHo6pe-
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B
OOMeCTBeEHHOM
H
KYAbTYpHOM
wAHSHH
Haposa,
nosToMy
culeAye
BECbMa
MOJIOAHTEbHO
OUCHHBATb
YCHJIMA,
KOTOPbIe
Mpu ia aio ca
AH-
TOBCKHMH
ASbIKOBe1aMH
K
HOPMHPOBaHHIO
ycTHOH
peyn
(cM.
BbITycKH
,,Kalbos
kul a a“,
,,.Misy
kalba“).
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nam
ss aag,
HeoOxoquma
jabHelmuaa
paspa6o TKa
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KYJIbTYpbl
yCTHOM
peun.
JIMTOBCKUMH
S3bIKOBE1aMH
B
JeATeIbHOCTH
TIO
HOPMaJH3aMH
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BalOTCA
COMMAaIbHbIC
(baKTOPLI,
T.e.
COMMAIIbHaA
OCHOBAa
H3MeHEHHI
HOPMBI
ASbIKA.
B
kayec se
mpHMepa
MoxKHO
mpuBecTu
COLMOJIMHTBUCTHYeCK
10
HHTepmpe alnio
HeKOTOPbIX
H3MeHeHHH
Opdo padwu
UM
NYyHKTyalHM
JMTOBCKOTO
sA3bIKa,
jaH-
Hy 0
B
TpyJe
,,
Lie u iy
kalbos
a8yba
i
sky yba“.
B
s om
u3qanun
mipeAy
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H3MCHEHHA,
HE
KacalollMecd
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NpaBONMcaHHA
HM
MyHKTyauuH.
Tax,
mpeia aeTeA
MHCaTb
HEKOTOPbIe
HHOASBIYHbIE
(aMHJHH
MpHOMMKeHHO
K
ASKIKY
opu unana
(Tam
xe,
c.
131).
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ako o
u3MeHenua
B
TlepBy!0
O epeb
Hy2KHbI
JTHHTBUCTHYCCKHE
MPC
LMOCBLIKH,
T.€,
OOLLHOCTb
OCHOBHI
alipaBuTa
OOOHX
ASbIKOB,
Tak
Kak
MIPH
HasMUHH
B
aldaBuTax
GyKB
C
Pa3M4HbIM
3BYKOBbIM
3HaYeHHeM
T10-
ABMJNCb
Obl
SHAYNTEJbHbIe
TPyAHOCTH.
YKasaHHoe
NpaBHJIO
MOXKeET
OTHOCHTHCA
22
MU
K
COOCTBEHHBIM
HMeHaM
TeX
HaPOJOB,
POAHOM
A3bIK
KOTOPbIX
HMCCT
B
OCHO-
pe
CBOe O
aslcpaBu a
JaTHHMILy.
JIMHTBACTHYeCKHe
MpPeAMOCHIIKH,
Ha
Halll
BSTVIAN,
HEMOCTATOYHE!
JI
MOOGHOTO
H8MeHeHHA
B
Opdo pad¥H
MTOBCKOTO
ASbIKa
—
HeOOXOJUMB!
elle
ONPENeeHHBIe
COUMMAIbHBIC
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JOBOJIbHO
BbICOKHi
ypoBeHb
OOllel
KyIbTYPbI
HapOa,
KOHKPeTHO
BHIPaKalOMIHiicsn
B
Ole
O6pasoBak-
HOCTH
Cosbulei
YacTH
HaceeHUA
H
NpesNoa alolMli
COOTBETCTB
YIONLY10
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HHOCTPaHHBIX
ASbIKOB!.
Bes
3THX
COUMAJIBHBIX
MPeAMOCHIIOK
yC Iex
m0
106-
HOTO
H3MCHEHHA
BPH
JM
BOSMO2KEH.
ITO
MPaBHJIO
YUHTbIBACT
STHUYECKHE,
KYJIbTYP-
HBIC
HM
COUMATbHBIC
PaKTOPbI
M
MOXAET
YCMelHO
BOTH
B
MpakTHKy
/MTOBCKOTO
gauika.
Y2xe
celiuac
Takoe
Hanucan e
HaOloqaeTcA
B
NepHoAuyecKo
meyaTH
(em.
,,Li e a i a
i
menas“).
[Ipeama aa
BBecTH
aHHoe
HSMeHCHHe,
MTOBCKHe
AGbIKOBeMLI
YUH
HW
TaKHe
Ba KHbIe
COMMOJIMHTBUCTHYeCKHe
MapaMeTPbI,
Kak
CO-
WMaJIbHad
3HayHMOCTS
YCTHOH
(opMbI
ASbIKa,
CTHTHCTHYeCKaA
AuddepenimallnsA,
M
peKOMeHAOBa/IH
WBA
BapHaHTa
—
B
MeyaTH
AA
IIMpOKOH
OOujecTBeHHOCTH
(po-
HeTH3HPOBaHHbIi
BapHanT
+
BapHaHT
OPH MHada,
HalIpuMep,
Deka as
(Desca -
es),
aB
Hay4HbIxX
Tpyax,
HHopMallMOHHOli
WMTepaType,
OO
bABIEHUAX,
Hao60-
poT
—
BapHaHT
opu nnana
+
(po eTH3HpoBaHHoe
C10BO,
HalpHMep,
Desca es
(Deka as).
PekomenAya
B
Hay4HBIX
Tpy1ax
OTMedaTb
B
ckoOKax
Mpo sHollenne,
ABTOPHI
Y4sH
HEOOXOAMMOCTh
COXPAHCHHA
EAMHOTO
MPOHSHOWIEHHA
MHOASBIMHbIX
COB
BCEMH
HOCHTeIAMH
ASbIKa,
a
TaK2Ke
COS
Ja
YCOBHA
AJA
yCHelHOTO
TIpeo-
jojenua
TcHxXoNO M4ecKO O
Gapbepa,
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C
MPO¥TCHHeM
MaJIOH3BECT-
HOTO
HW
HeHsBeCTHOTO
cyloBa.
C peMseHHeM
K
MaKCHMaJIbHOMY
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KYJbTYpHO O
MoTeHUHala
Hapoqa
—
HOCHTeIA
ASbIKa
o6ycloBAeHbI
MH
Apy ue
TIpeAMOAKeHHA
HSMeHeHHH
JIMTOBCKOM
opdo padun
u
MyHKTyalwH,
mpeqcTas-
JI@HHbIe
B
YNOMAHYTO
KHHTe.
Yue
couManbHbix,
JTHHYCCKHX,
KYJIbTYPHBIX
akTOPOB
B
Mpolweccax
HOpMa-
JIM3alIMH
TOSBOAKET
ASbIKOBEMaM
NOMOHTH
K
COSHATeTbHOM
NeATebHOCTH
B
0O-
WaCTH
pasBHTHA
ASbIKa
C
TOHMMAHHeM
COMHabHOl
SHAYHMOCTH,
COLMAMbHBIX
MepCleKTHB
TeX
HJM
MHBIX
ABJIEHHM,
TeX
HJM
HHBIX
W3MeHeHHH,
cioco6cTByeT
TOMY,
YTOOb!
ASbIKOBLIC
H3MCHCHHA
BOCIPHHMMaJIHCb
Ha
UIMPOKOM
pone
o6ulec-
TBEHHOTO
Pa3sBHTHA
COBETCKOTO
Hapo/a.
B
ycaosuax
HTP
Gospmice
sHayenne
mpHoOpeTaloT
BOTpOCbi,
CBASAHHBIe
C
byHKIMONHpoBaHHeM
AsbIKOB
Hapoxos
CCCP
B
cipepe
Hayku
(Asumos
IT.
A.
u
gp.,
1977).
HTP
Bause
Ha
H3MeHeHHe
COMMa/IbHbIX
(PyHKUHH
WHaeKTOB
HM
J1H-
TepaTYPHBIX
ASHIKOB,
MOBBIMAeT
POAb
AH
TepaTYPHOTO
ASbIKa,
Yepes
CpeACTBa
Mac-
coBoii
KOMMYHHKalMH,
coselicTByloluHe
NolyiApwsallan
Hay4HO-TexHHyecko
TepMHHONO HH,
cHocoOcTByeT
ObICTpoMy
pacnpocTpaHeHHlo
3aHMCTBOBAHHBIX
COB,
TEPMHHOB,
MpeBpallleHHIO
UX
B
9IeMeHTbI
HHTePHALHOHAAbHOH
JIeKCHKH;
Mpouecch
ypOaHHsalMH
HM
MHTpallMA
HaceseHHA
CKa3bIBalOTCA
Ha
COMMAJIbHO-
podeccnonanbuol
zudpepenumalun
sisbikoB.
CoumasibHas
JeTepMUHMpOBaHHOCTD
Ha3BaHHbIX
ABJeHHH,
pasHooOpasne
opM
UX
MPOABMEHHA
MO/KHbI
CTATb
MIA
COBCTCKUX
COMMOAHHTBHCTOB
MpesMeTOM
y y6leHHO O
HsyyeHHa.
Ogua
43
BaxKHBIX
NpoOeM
yHKUHOHAAbHOTO
PasBHTHA
JIMTOBCKOTO
AS3bIKa,
cps3aHHad
c
Bumannem
HTP,
—
cbopmuposanne
ASbIKa
HayKH,
B
YaCTHOCTH,
pas-
BUTHe
Hay4HO-TeXHHYeCKOl
TepMHMHOJOTHH,
KOTOpoe
HMeeT
AaBHHe
Tpa MluH.
Hauano
cosqaHia
TepMHHOJOTHH
HCCAeLOBaTeM
OTHOCAT
K
JOMHCbMeHHOMY
nlepuosy,
TOuHee
K
TOMY
BpeMeHH,
Ko a
B
JIMTBe
B
Ka eCcTBe
ASbIKA
MHCbMeHHOC-
TH
HCNoOAbSOBa ICH
sanaguopycckuii
asbiK
(Keinys
S.,
1967).
oa ue
ozp
obmec-
1B
qanHom
cayyae
Mbl
OT paHNNuBaeMcs
OT
yTBepAUBUIelicA
B
JMTORCKO!
SMATpanTcKol
nega u
(CIA)
npak uku
nogoGuo o
opdho paupoBanua
HHOASHIUHBIX
COOCTBEHHBIX
HMeH,
Tak
Kak,
Ha
Halll
B3 18A,
Takad
MpaKTHKa
MMeeT
COBEPLICHHO
MHYI0
CONMA/IbHYIO
MpHpOAy:
OHA
Bbl-
cTynae
Kak
OHH
M3
YacTHBIX
MOMeHTOR
OOule o
Mpowecca
ABHIKOBOM
ACCHMHTAUN
HW
ABIAeTCH
pesysIbTaTOM
COMMANbHO AKTHBHOTO
JHTOBCKO-aH wuliCKO O
OHTHHTBHSMa.
23

TBEHHO-HOMHTHYCCKHE
YCOBHA
He
OWla ONpHATCTBOBAAM
co3qaHHIo
Tep
MHHOVIO-
JIOTHH
JIMTOBCKOTO
asbIKa.
PasBuTHe
MMCbMeHHOCTH
M
CBASAHHO!
c
Hei
TePMHHOVIO-
THH
JIMTOBCKOLO
A3bIKa
HaYHHaeTCA
B
MepBoli
NOOBUHeE
XVIII
B.
u
TIposomKae ca
B
XIX
B.
Yoke
Ha
CaMbIX
paHHHx
9Tamax
pasBHTUs
TePMHHOJIO MN
mpeo6mazae
TCHACHLMA
K
MaKCHMaJIbHOMY
MCHO/Ib80BaHHIO
pecypcoB
HapogHoili
pew.
OguHo-
BPCMCHHO
NeTaloTCH
MOMbITKH
MONO/HEHMA
JIMTOBCKOM
TepMHHOMOTHM
3a
cueT
3aMMCTBOBAHHH
M3
APYTHX
ASbIKOB
—
aTHHCKO O,
HeMeUKO O,
pyccKo o,
nompe-
KOTO
H
Ap.
OTH
ABA
NPHHUMNAa
iaBeHcTByIOT
B
AaabHellNeM
pasBuTHH
TepMuHO-
JOTHH
JHTOBCKOYO
A3bIKa,
IpH4eM
MpeBasupyeT
c pemuenue
K
MaKCHMaJIbHOMy
HCHOJIb3OBaHHIO
BHYTPeHHHX
pecypcoB
AsbIKa.
B
copeTcKHi
nepHod
nowyynaHn
Aadbueli ee
pasBuTue
06
TeHJeHUHM,
KpoMe
To o
NOJMTHYeCKad
H
3KOHOMH-
yecKan
O6uHOCTb
Hapoyjos
CCCP
O6yc.1OBH1a
MaKCHMaJbHoe
cooTBeTCTBHe
Tep-
MHHOJOTHYeCKOH
JIEKCHKH
A3bIKOB
Hapoyjos
CCCP,
ABJAIOULCECA
TaCTHBIM
TIpo-
ABICHHEM
OOUlel
3akKOHOMepHOCTH
—
B3aHMOJelCTBUA
ASbIKOB.
B_
ycoBuax
co-
BeTCKOTO
OOWjecTBa
STOT
NPHHLUN
—
o_UH
3
BelyMuXx,
Onpexe aiouwmx
mMec o
H
POwlb
B
COsqaHHH
TepMMHOJO HH
Apy ux
NpHHUUTOB
(nogpobHee
cm.
Muxasp-
yenko
B.
10.,
1977).
B
mpoueccax
BsauMojelic sua
s3b1KOB
Hapoyos
CCCP
p
o6uac n
TePMHHOVIO-
THH
BaKHO€
MCCTO
MpHHaeKUT
PyCcKOMy
sSBIKY,
KOTOpBIH
C
pasIM4HOl
HH-
TeHCHBHOCTbIO
B
pasHbIX
POpMaX
BAMACT
Ha
pasBuTue
TePMHHOMO HH,
B
TOM
4HC-
ue
WH
Ha
TepMMHONO HIO
MTOBCKO O
sasbIKa.
Ha uonajbuad
cneuupuka
cbopm
BAHAHHA
PYCCKOTO
ASbIKa
Ha
TOT
HJM
MHOli
A3bIK
ACTepMHHHpOBana
TpazMnnAMH
COSAHUA
TEPMHHOJOTHH,
a
TakKxKe
cneyMHKol
BHYTpeHHel
CTPyKTYpbI
ASbIKa.
Hanpumep,
Hauuonaabnaa
Cieluuka
TepMHHOMOTHH
AMTOBCKOTO
A3bIKa
m1po-
AB.IACTCA
B
TOM,
YTO
HENOCpeACTBEHHbIX
3aHMCTBOBAHHIi
13
PYCCKO O
AsbIKa
OFeHD
MaJ1o:
na odnikas,
bolSe ikas,
a elé,
agi punk as.
JIu oscKui
asnik
yepes
pycckui
SaUMCTBY€T
HHTEpPHalMOHaJIbHBIe
TEpMHHBI;
LHPOKO
MIpHMeHseTCA
KaJIbKUpoBa-
HHe
TePMHHOB;
PYCCKHH
s3bIK
CTuMy@AMpye ,
AKTHBUSHPyeT
HeKOTOpbIe
CMOCOOBI
CHOBOMPOHSBOACTBA,
T.e.
MOOHAM3yeT
BHYTpeHHHe
PeCypcbI
JIMTOBCKOTO
s3bIKa
AAA
CO3aHHa
TepMuHOJIO UH.
B
cose ckuii
nepuog
Hame us acy
TeHACHUMA
K
YCHJeHHIO
HHTepHalHOHau-
Sal
TepMHHOJOTH4eCKOl
eKcuKu.
Ona
mpoaBase ca
u
B
JIMTOBCKOM
s3bIKe
(Kelinuc
C.,
1973).
Heodxonume
CONOCTABUTEIbHBIe
HCCEOBaHHA
poieccoB
MHTePHAUMOHaJIMsalMH
TepMHHOMOPHYeCKUX
CHCcTeM
Pa3HOCTPYKTYPHBIX
S3bIKOB
Hapogos
CCCP,
ak
Kak
quuIb
Onn
MOPYT
BbIABUTb
OOUIHe
3aKOHOMepHOCTH
pas-
BHTHA
TEPMHHOJOPHU,
UX
HallMOHasbHYIO
cnelupuKy,
a
TakxKe
MHTeHCHBHOCTS
HATepHanMOHaTHsalMM
TepMHHOJO Mu.
Takwe
uccaeqoBanua
c oco6cTBoBa.M
Obl
pellienuio
Teope uyeckoi
MpoOeMbl
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pal uoHa buo o
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24
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B
pasHBIX
cbepax
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(cM.
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1976).
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da
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pasBUTHA
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—
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napoya“
(Jlemepues
IO.
JI.,
1977,
c.
82).
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cBoem
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ASbIKa,
pac iMpeHue
e o
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pasHbIX
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Ha
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edTeneli
XIX
B.,
mucaBlMx
Ha
HoabcKom
(A.
Muikesn4)
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Ke
Ha
JIMTOBCKOM
H
MOwbCKOM
sspIKax
(K.
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A.
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J].
[ou-
ka,
C.
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C.
C auapuuioc
4
ap.),
a
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B
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{aH
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(0
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CM.
»Lie u iy
li e a i os
is o ija‘*,
I,
1957,
c.
338-363).
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25
(opm
yuacTHA
pasHBIX
ASBIKOB
B
OOcuy2KHBAHMH
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—
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Apy o o
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uspec uo,
uo
sanaquopyccKHli
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300
we
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us
cbopm
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BSTAAL,
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B
MaMATHUKAX
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STOTO
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Ha
3anaqHOpyccKoOM
s3bIKe,
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yeCTBa
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H3
AMTOBCKOTO
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(cM.
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K.,
1941,
1973).
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poab
jla THHcKo o,
pyccKo o,
NOJIbCKOTO,
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A3bIKOB
B
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KY
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a
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C
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HM
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s3bIKa,
JMTepa ypa
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po b
B
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H
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H
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Ha
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MMCbMeHHOCTD.
Ojguoii
43
xapak epubix
YepT
pasBATHA
AMTOBCKOTO
A3bIKa,
CBASAHHOTO
¢
O6pa-
30BaHHeM
JTHTOBCKOM
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u
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HHe
CFO
(byHKUMOHAJbUBIX
CTHJeli
(nlogpo6uee
cm.
»
SaKOHOMepHOcTH
pasBuTHA“,
1973).
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cose ckuii
nepuoy
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C uIMcTHYeCKaa
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JIMTOBCKOTO
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B
XVI
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c
nNOABeHHeM
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1
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TO
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MA
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HH€
MPOWECCOB
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B
pecny61ukKe
yjeane ca
KyaBType
pew
—
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Hs
COCTABHBIX
YacTeli
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B
a a suc u-
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pew
paccMaTpuBaloTCA
B
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pynnam
—
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mpo-
6.1eMbI
KYAbTYpbI
pew
mMequKop,
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UH
7.J..,
BLIHOCATCAH
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TIO
NOBBICHHIO
YpOBHs
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peyu.
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paspaGo Ka
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palionax
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CO
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(AMTOBLEB),
¢
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(A naanuckuii,
Isenyéncxnii,
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p-HbI)
26
wa
TompcKo o
(Bus bHioccKni,
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p-Hbl).
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a x
palio-
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B
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C
TCCHBIM
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ASBIKOB
B
TIOBCeHEBHOM
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HX
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Ky.IbTyPbI
pewH
POHOTO
H
BTO-
po o
si3bika
(1oppo6uee
cm.
Michaléenko
V.,
1974).
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onpeyes eHHoH
cTeneHH
He-
KOTOPOe
CHHKEHHE
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KYJbTYPbI
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10
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B
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H
He
BCe
a
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TOT
(akT,
4TO
B
paiioHax
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NOTPeOHOCTh
B
XOPOIIeM
3HAHHM
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a
TAKXKE
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(yHKUMOHHPOBAHHA
ABYX
JIM
2K
HECKOABKUX
ASBIKOB
(06
TOM
cM.
Jacike i ius
A.,
1970).
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coppeMeHHoM
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BeCbMa
AKTYAaJIbHbI
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H
COLLMO-
JMHTBACTHYeCKas
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sASbIKOBO O
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e o
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(byHKUMOHMpOBaHHA
M
B3AaMMOelCTBUA
AMasIeKTOB
pasHbIX
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Ha
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JIu ee
(cm.
paGo s
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M.,
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O.
u
ap.).
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HHA,
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(pyHKUMOHHPOBaHHE
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Hapaay
c
cyllecTByIOWIMMH
O¥eHb
HHTepeCHbIMH
pa6o-
amu
(cm.
DaswKene
O.-A.,
1973;
Tlaxyenc
A.,
1971),
packppiBaloljuMu
BJIHA-
HHe
aHT MlicKOTO
ASbIKa
Ha
Peub
AMTOBILEB-IMHTPpaHTOB,
HYKHBbI
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HHOCTPaHHBbIM
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k
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peci yOulMKe
pyCCKO O
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cep
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(CM.
,,PasBUTHe
HalMOHaJ b-
HO-pyccKo o
gBysxsbiuna“,
1976).
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HallWOHaTbHOTO
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—
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H3
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pyc-
CKOTO
ASbIKa
KaK
s3bIKa
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HanHli
(Xa-
nasapop
K.
X.,
1977).
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us
BaxkHellMxX
COWMOAMHIBHCTHYeCKHX
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ABAACTCA
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yCKOpeHHblii
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e o
pacnpocTpaHeHHuA
(Xoa-
mo opos
A.
H.,
1976).
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HaUMOHabHO-pyccKO O
ABYASBMHA
—
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By
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c pane
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BY
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B
Hallleii
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CBASAHO
B
OCHOBHOM
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IKOJIbHBIM
OOy4eHHeM,
B
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KO-
TOPOTO
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HaBbIKOB.
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