Rytų aukštaičių šiaurinių panevėžiškių daiktavardžio linksniavimo tipai ir jų kitimo tendencijos

S aipsniai / A icles 205 RASA KURKAUSKIENĖ Lie u os edukologijos uni e si e as Di ec ions o scien i ic esea ch: dialec ology and mo phology. Eas e n Highlands No he n Highlands The enginee TYPE OF LINK AND J[…] The ype o link is no speci ied. O he ends Noun Declension Types in he Eas e n Aukš ai ian Subdialec o No he n Pane ėžiškiai and he Tendencies o Thei Change o This Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal. The eas e n high- ise no he n pane ėžys landscaping sys em is e y poo ly s udied. In gene al, no de ailed mo phological esea ch o his ad ice has been published so a . Analyzing and desc ibing he in e ac ion o eas e n highland no he n pane ėžys, i s ypes and condi ions o ope a ion, is based on he me hods o na u al mo phology esea ch. The synch onous me hod was de eloped in 1977 by Aleksei Gi dens and Albe Rosin. Applying he maximum me hod, he hie a chical g ouping o he no he n pane ėžys' ad ice in o lexiona y classes was ca ied ou o de e mine he ypes o a icula ion o objec wo ds. Names o wo ds: no he n pane ėžys, na u al mo phology, s one objec s, hie a chy o s ones. This Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal. The noun declension sys em o he Eas e n Aukš ai ian Subdialec o No he n Pane ėžys has no been ho oughly s udied. Gene ally speaking, he e a e no comp ehensi e s udies add essing he mo phology o his subdialec . RASA KURKAUSKIENĖ Ac a Linguis ica Li huanica 206 LXXV is he i s o i s kind in Li huania. The analysis and desc ip ion o he in e ac ion o s ems in he Eas e n Aus onesian Subdialec o No he n Pane ėžiškiai, i s ypes and condi ions eso o he Na u al Mo - phylology esea ch me hods. Nouns a e analyzed using he synch onic me hod, i s p oposed by Gi donis and Rosinas in 1977. The hie a chical clus e ing o in lec ional o he No he n Pane ėžiškiai Subdialec was pe o med and noun declension ypes we e classes de e mined using he maximum me hod. KEYWORDS: No he n Pane ėžys Subdialec , Na u al Mo phology, noun s ems, s em hie a chy. This is he i s ime I' e hea d o his. The Commission shall be empowe ed o adop delega ed ac s in acco dance wi h A icle 26 o supplemen his Regula ion by laying down de ailed ules o he applica ion o his Regula ion. The sys em o g amma o Li huanian wo ds is conside ed o ha e been in en ed čia a chajiškiausia iš isų daba inių gy ų indoeu opiečių kalbų, eigia Zig- mas Zinke ičius (1980: 185). Pi mą ka ą daik a a džių linksnia imas ap a- in 1653 in he i s p in ed g amma o he Li huanian language by he g amma G amma ica Li anica. Tuome Danielius Kleinas daik a a džius suski s ė į pen- o he g amma o he g amma o he g amma o he g amma o he g amma o he g amma o he g amma o he g amma o he g amma o he g amma o he g amma o he g amma o he g amma o he g amma o he g amma . Much la e , in 1922, Jonas Jablonskis also dis inguished i e pleasan ies in he g amma o he Li huanian language. Unlike D. Klein, he mos impo an indica o was he chee ulness o he one-wo d su name by J. Jablonskis. We ind a sys em o Li huanian language wo ds and ph ases compiled by J. Jablonski in he Li huanian language g amma published in 1965 (Ul ydas, ed. 1965). I p o ides mo e de ailed desc ip ions o amusemen pa ks, emphasizing no only he cha ac e is ics o he indi idual ienaskai os a dininko, be i ienaskai os kilmininko galūnių eikšmė links- niuo ei nus a y i. Daba inės lie u ių kalbos g ama ikoje (2005: 68–81) ap ašomos penkios links- niuo ės: (i)a, (i)u, (i)o, ė i i. Kiek ienos linksniuo ės linksnia imo pa adigmos amusemen pa ks. This classi ica ion is no only mo e de ailed han D. Klein's sys em o chee leading, bu also simple : o de e mine chee ulness, one chee leade om a mul i-accoun is enough. Linguis s Aleksas Gi denis and Albe as Rosinas p o ide a e y di e en classi ica ion o amusemen ypes using na u al mo phology me hods. Thei cu en di ec ion and s uc u al endencies in languages in gene al, and speci ic p ocesses o change in di e en languages, a e 1 Šis me odas kilo i ypač išpli o Vokie ijoje i Aus ijoje XX a. 8- o dešim mečio p adžioje. Kal- pa ly explained by uni e sal p inciples o na u alness. A icles o he 207 h Ry ų aukš aičių šiau inių pane ėžiškių daik a a džio linksnia imo ipai i jų ki imo endencijos mone (Gi denis, Rosinas 1977: 338), adicinė, a ba sąlyginė, daik a a džių In his s udy, each class o exchange o objec wo ds will be compa ed wi h all są eikos, na ū alios linksnia imo ipų klasi ikacijos. Be o, i ian daik a a - džius adiciniu būdu, nea siž elgiama į jų giminės, o mų panašumą. Taigi o he classes o exchange, he numbe o coinciding endings o he exchange will be explained, he equency o consump ion will be calcula ed om he le . Adelia Valeckienė (1998) c ea ed a sys em o he app oxima ion o a noun o he heo y o na u al mo phology. I s classi ica ion akes in o accoun he simila i ies be ween he pa adigms. Acco ding o Kalbininkė, some di e en kamienų daik a a džiai u i panašias galūnių sis emas, o ka ais a i kščiai – nouns o he same oo ha e di e en endings (1998:319). In gene al, he e a e qui e a ew wo ks ha a e in ended o he ad ice o b eede s (Kačiuškienė's 2000, 2006; Ga š a 1982, 2000; Ručinskai ė 1984 i k .), daug apibend inamo- ma e ial is gi en in he wo ks o Z. Zinke ičius (1966, 1975). Ne e heless, i mus be said ha almos all linguis s we e mainly in e es ed in he phone ics o he Pane ėžys, wi h only one o he wo k de o ed o mo phology (Šlia as 1974, Vidugi is 1964). Thus, he heo y o na u al mo phology based on he esea ch o he eas e n highlands no he n pane ėžys pa a mė objec name encoding sys em has no ye been published2. This a icle, based on he heo e ical p o isions o na u al mo phology, will desc ibe he di e en g ades o he a o emen ioned adjec i es, ema, pa eik a kamienų klasi ikacija. Ji bus suda oma a siž elgian ne ik į ga- bu also he accen ed and mo phological a ia ions in he mo phemes. he Nuo įp as os ( adicinės) klasi ikacijos ši ski sis uo, kad ypa ingas dėmesys bus ski iamas leksijų panašumams pa adigmose, bus bandoma iš yškin i daik a- di e si y o su names. 2 Me hods o na u al mo phology we e used by A. Rosinas and A. Gi denis (Gi denis, Rosinas; Rosinas 1994, 1977: 5751, 764783), when s udying he hie a chy o common Li huanian, some lowe dialec s o he La ian language and dialec s o he language. He is also he au ho o Au imas Ma ke ičius's s udy o he no he n ligh s (Ma ke ičius A. The un o he ligh s in he ligh s and i s his o y. Doc o al disse a ion. Fun and i s his o y. Monog aph. Vilnius: Vilnius Uni e si y P ess, 2009), as well as Auš a Vilnius: Vilniaus uni e si e o leidykla, 2008; Ma ke ičius A. Šiau inių ši in iškių daik a a džio Kaika y 's s udy o he Joniškio linking sys em (Kaika y ė A. Joniškio's linking sys em o he ligh s in he ligh s and i s his o y). See also Sa ickienė, Kazlauskienė, Kamanduly ė 2004: 81 and he li e a u e e e ed o he ein; he heo y i sel : Wu zel 1984. RASA KURKAUSKIENĖ 208 o he Li huanian Language Ac LXXV The TYRIMAS Se e al asks a e posed in he s udy: 1) o in es iga e he ypes and hie a chy o no he n pane ėžys' spelling o wo ds; (2) o demons a e ha he e is no only a condi ional bu also a na u al o de o occu ence o he wo ds in he opinion in ques ion; 3) o indica e he ends in he change o eas e n high- ise no he n pane ėžysky buildings. The empi ical ma e ial. Mos o he audio esea ch ma e ial was collec ed by he au ho o he a icle (25 hou s), he o he pa was aken om he Ta mių a chi e o he Li huanian Language Ins i u e (6 hou s). The ollowing no he n panegy ic poin s a e s udied: Jonišklio, Ju gėnų, Pùmpėnų, Pãs alio, Salõčių, Geidžinų, Gailiónių. The esea ch ma e ial consis s o abou a hund ed pages o iš ink i isi daik a a džiai (iš iso 4961), ku ie suski s y i i suskaičiuo i pagal kamienus (ā kamieno daik a a džių as a 832, ā kamieno – 197 , a kamieno – ansc ibed spoken ex s. O hese, 1891, u s one […] 92, […] a2 s one […] 799, i s one […] 46, im s one […] 17, Cm kamieno – 59, C kamieno – 25, ē kamieno – 903), giminę, skaičių, linksnį i ki čia imo ipus (ba i oninį i oksi oninį). The ollowing c i e ia and condi ions shall be used o de e mine he ype o en ichmen : Di e en ypes o wo ds a e de e mined by phonology, no phone ics. Fo example, he sounds o he no he n Pane ėžys daik a a ds š.k šakai and duõbẹ duobei galūnė a e conside ed posi ional a ian s o he same phoneme (also plg. ši in iškių žõ·lý. žolę and .ki. akį). 2. The spelling o he wo ds a e de e mined on he basis o he p e e ence o he bene icia y o he mul i-coun , he p e ix […] o he holde o he mul i-coun . 3. The no he n panels a e cha ac e ized by a pa icula ly s ong unk, bu also by a long, s u dy unk, no only in o he long, bu also in o ja, be o, eikia isuo inio ki čio a i aukimo dėsnis ( . y. a i aukiama ne ik he sho skele on, e.g. wi e·nъ […]mona[…], dinъs […]dienas[…], às[…] […] asa[…], kà e […]ka ė[…]. Fo his eason, he combina ion o he pa adigms o occi onic and ba i one chi ping leads o a lo o sync e ic chee s. Thus, in his wo k, he ba i one sc a ching objec s will be used o de e mine he keys. Oxygena ed 3G. The eas e n highlands, no he n highlands, and sou he n highlands o he Va ėnos slopes we e de e mined based solely on he wo ds o he Occi an insc ip ion. The se e ed limbs o no he n gi a es a e be e p ese ed han he uncu ones. In addi ion, he long-s anding non-sc ip u al wo ds o he Occi an sc ip in he Va ena dialec a e chosen because o he well- ep esen ed pa adigm o sc ip s (Ka aciejū ė 2011: 315). The sou he n high-pi ched limbs hold balsius umpina iki umpųjų i eikia sąlyginis ki čio a i aukimas (Ma ke ičius 2006: 436). well, and wo ds a e in many cases p onounced as in common pa lance. Some imes he place o he in e sec ion o he app oach may be di e en , because he wo ds belong o o he in e sec ions and new in e sec ion pa e ns ha e o med, e.g. pl as […]ply às[…], s ɔ·gùs […]s ógus[…] and he like (LKTCh 2004: 81). A icles o he T ea y Ry ų aukš aičių šiau inių pane ėžiškių daik a a džio linksnia imo ipai i jų ki imo endencijos The examples o nouns a e gi en o compa ison only, i.e. o show he simila i ies be ween he wo ypes o c ossing. The esul s a e gi en in he 1 LENTELĖ. Ba i oninio i oksi oninio ki čia imo ski umai šiau inių pane ėžiškių i s able. in ad ice45 Vienaskai a Daugiskai a Ba i one ba i one and oc a e and oc a e ba i one ba i one and oc a e and oc a e ba i one and oc a e ba i one and oc a e ba i one and oc a e ba i one and oc a e ba i one N. o he genus Šakó·m I 's no like I don' know wha I'm doing. O he , o ci cula c oss-sec ion, o s ainless s eel V . sá. socie y daõ· V . sá.ujós daõ· ē he s ones which a e used in he cons uc ion o buildings I 's called he s one. I 's called he s one. V . ọ.ь4 daŋg. i he s ones N. á.n ẹm .n ẹm5a .m. Įn. (sọ)á.n ẹm (sọ).n ẹm (sọ)a .m No e ha acco ding o he ype o c ossing, he ou kamins (ā, ā, ē and u) do no ma ch he le o ms o he single- and mul i-kamins subs i u e (in he kamins only one-kamins); wo kamien (ā and i ) o ms o he plu al bene icia y and only one di e ence is ound be ween he i kamien p eposi ions (no coinciding wi h he plu al bene icia y o m). I is impo an o no e ha he im, Cm and C s one wo ds in he no he n Pane ėžys dialec a e only occi ic spellings ( àj, àkmọ, dk ẹ). The e a e no ba i one c osswo d puzzles o hese s ones. The single Cm s one wo d mnō 4 Daik a a dis u gus is he e o mally assigned o he u s one, bu only he single-syllable kilminko links ha e e ained he end o his s one, e.g. ọ.gọs u gaus and a y o. E e yone else has happily mo ed in o a s one. 5 The wo d "daik a a dis" in he no he n Pane ėžys dialec is assigned o he ype o s one i , bu appa en ly his s one is a mix u e wi h he e s one (plg. ns. he o igin. […] and […]; he ollowing pa ag aph is added: use. á.n ẹ / .n ẹ „ančiai“ i b. ẹ „bi ei“; he dgs. use. […] and […] and […] and […] and […]; he dgs. I'm no su e i I'm going o be able o do i , bu I'm going o do i . In some cases, he mu mu ing oice o he on ow can co espond o bo h e and i o he end o he s one. RASA KURKAUSKIENĖ 210 Ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXXV „mėnuo“ ik ienaskai os a dininko linksnyje išlaikė šio kamieno o mą. Vi- The es o us wen o he 2nd loo . Howe e , again, due o he educ ion o he gallbladde and he wi hd awal o he uni e sal incision, he wo ds o he oxy ocin incision a e b oken in o shaks ( a […] […] agis[…], (swo) […] a […] […]su agimi[…], akmènu […]akmen[…], […]a[…] […]a is[…], (swo) […]à[…] […]su a imi[…], e c.), so hey we e also used in he s udy. 4. I he no he n Pane ėžys wo ds ha e wo o mo e pa allel links o ms ( o example, d[…].k e ẹ and d[…].k e[…]y […]duk e iai[…]), he s one is no ound in he lis o u laikoma dažnesnė o ma. Wol gango Ul icho Wu zelio eigimu, okiais a ejais, kai žodis iš ka o gali bū i linksniuojamas ne pagal ieną ipą, su- sida o papildomosios (komplemen inės) leksinės klasės (Wu zel 1984: 127). addi ional lexional classes o he Tokian. A e analyzing he empi ical ma e ial, i was no iced ha he e a e no […]u and […]a1 s one wo ds in he no he n Pane ėžys ad ice. They a e named a e […]a2 kamieną, plg. k[…]. […] […]kelias[…], b o[…][…] […]b o he […], spi[…] […]spiečis[…] (spiečius), á.m[…] […]amžis[…] (amžius). The ollowing species a e included in his ca ego y: Aedes aegyp i (C. aegyp i), Aedes aegyp i (C. aegyp i), Aedes aegyp i (C. aegyp i), Aedes aegyp i (C. aegyp i), Aedes aegyp i (C. aegyp i), Aedes aegyp i (C. aegyp i), Aegyp i (C. aegyp i), Aegyp i (C. aegyp i), Aegyp i (C. aegyp i), Aegyp i (C. aegyp i), Aegyp i (C. aegyp i), Aegyp i (C. aegyp i), Aegyp i (Cyp i) and Aegyp i (Cyp i) The ollowing a e he 2 LENTEL pa adigms o all s one objec names. Ba i one c osswo d puzzles a e a pa adigm shi in he wo ding o wo ds. (a ski ai ba i oninio i – palyginimui – oksi oninio ki čia imo). VIENASKAITA DAUGISKAITA V. O he , no u he wo ked han ho - olled, in coils K. o which: N. · ъ · am G. V. R. V. R. S. The company O he , o ci cula c oss-sec ion, o s ainless s eel I'm no su e i I'm going o be able o do i , bu I'm going o do i . Wha 's he ma e wi h you? A icles A icles Ry ų aukš aičių šiau inių pane ėžiškių daik a a džio linksnia imo ipai i jų ki imo endencijos A icles 211 and 210. VIENASKAITA DAUGISKAITA V. p. e p. e us, also known as V. p. K. o he p […]e us o he p […]e u N. o he species G. p. p. p. company "I'm going o ell you wha I'm going o ell you". ♪ Oh, my God! ♪ Oh, my God! e he s ones VIENASKAITA DAUGISKAITA V. b. e K. b. ẹs N. b. ẹ G. b. in he Law. (speaking) […]b[…]. […] I 's no like I don' know wha I'm doing. i he s ones VIENASKAITA DAUGISKAITA I'm no going o be able o do i . I'm no going o be able o do i . I'm no going o be able o do i . G. á.nь / .nьá.nь / .nь Įn. (sọ)‿á.nь / (sọ)‿.nь(sọ)‿á.n ẹm / (sọ)‿.n ẹm V . – – I'm no going o lie o you. a2 kamienas VIENASKAITA DAUGISKAITA V. b o he and sis e K. b o he b o he N. o a kind used o mo o ehicles G. The B o he hood. (speaking) b o he -in-law b o he -in-law See also […] Sh. b o[…]! My b o he ! RASA KURKAUSKIENĖ 212 o he Li huanian Language Ac LXXV O he , o ci cula c oss-sec ion, o s ainless s eel VIENASKAITA DAUGISKAITA V. he ollowing able is inse ed: K. and J. and J. I'm no going o do i . The company is owned by G.S.O.L. I'm no going o do i . I'm no going o do i . I'm going o ell you wha I'm going o ell you. […] in he s ones VIENASKAITA DAUGISKAITA V. whe e […]. whe e […]. K. ọ.gọs ọ.gu N. ọ.gъ ọ.gam The company is loca ed in he municipali y o G. ọ.gọ ọ.gъs. I'm no going o do i . I'm no going o do i . V . ọ.j ep ọ.ga/an ọ.gọs ọ.gọ ep ọ.gu Sh. –– 3 LENTEL[…]. Wha is i ? The pa adigm o oxy onic c osswo d puzzles6789 a s one VIENASKAITA DAUGISKAITA This is a lis o he municipali ies o he Czech Republic by popula ion densi y. I'm no going o do i . I'm no going o do i . N. o which: G. .e.k.k. .e.k.k.s. .e.k.s. .e.k.s. .e.k.s. .e.k.s. .e.k.s. .e.k.s. .e.k.s. .e.k.s. .e.k.s. .e.k.s. .e.k.s. .e.k.s. .e.k.s. .e.k.s. .e.k.s. .e. is he name o he game ha is being played by he eam. I'm going o ell you wha I'm going o ell you. I'm going o ell you wha I'm going o ell you. Š. ọ.k9!ọ.k! 6 The no he n panels use bo h o ms in pa allel. The second one ([…]ọ.kъs) is mo e common in he speech o ep esen a i es o he olde gene a ion. 7 The iliac al e is no included in he sys em o join s. In he empi ical ma e ial, only nine o hese occu , e.g. (į) pl· inẹ p .jẹme ọkolk.zan nep .jime (Jonišklis); I'm no su e wha you' e alking abou . I'm no su e wha you' e alking abou . I'm no su e wha you' e alking abou . I'm no su e wha you' e alking abou . How much is i ? How much is i ? How much is i ? They don' p o ide weigh ed esul s o he s udy. The Iliad was used by chance by ep esen a i es o he olde gene a ion. 8 The i s , usual (and no p e e ed) o m o he subs i u e is used o coun he ma ching joys icks. 9 In he a ea o he no he n pane ėžys, he o m o he a che wi h -ai, which ends up displacing he olde o m om he o osens (plg. ns. š. […].k[…] […] ilkai[…], no i[…]ke). A icles o he T ea y Ry ų aukš aičių šiau inių pane ėžiškių daik a a džio linksnia imo ipai i jų ki imo endencijos 10 a2 kamienas VIENASKAITA DAUGISKAITA V. a. o climb I'm no going o lie o you. N. o he species The company is egis e ed in he Ne he lands. I'm no going o ell you wha I'm going o do. See also UK. I 's no like I'm going o be able o do i . Manu ac u e om ma e ials o any heading, excep ha o he p oduc VIENASKAITA DAUGISKAITA I 's called V. Shakush. K. shell shell N. shell ish The company is owned by M . Š.ko Šákus. I'm going o ell you wha I'm going o ell you. I 's no like I don' know wha I'm doing. I don' know wha I'm doing. O he , o ci cula c oss-sec ion, o s ainless s eel VIENASKAITA DAUGISKAITA V. o he K. o gi e o gi e N. o d[…]. o d[…] G. d.l. gi es o he company. I'm no going o lie o you. V . daõ·daõ·j e.g. a kly, ožy, b o he . This is he i s ime I' e hea d o his wo d. In he ad ice o Š. *d.ь!dọs! 10 Bend inėje kalboje įp as a a2 kamieno šauksmininko galūnė y a -y (oksi onų) a ba -i (ba i onų), he no he n pane ėžys, ins ead o he […]a2 s one, he […]a2 s one is used and he s one shoo e wi h he galūne -au (á. […]ọ […]a kliau[…], b ó·ọ […]b oliau[…], k[…].[…]ọ […]kiškiau[…]). RASA KURKAUSKIENĖ 220 Ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXXV he pa allel o he ā and he ā s onewa e i miš iojo (aks, ags, akmuõ, duk ). 1 pa eiksle ma y i yški mo e iškojo links- ype, hei simila i y index is 11.3. The a and u s ones o he male chee leading also o m a sepa a e b anch, hei simila i y index is sligh ly lowe […] 8.1. As al eady men ioned, he […]a2 s one has a simila ela ionship o bo h masculine and mixed- ype objec i i y, so i seems o occupy an in e media e posi ion (e.g. he simila i y index o […]a2 and a s one is 7, […]a2 and he simila i y index o […]7.3). The appa en simila i y o he mixed ligh ing ype o s ones (i and im s ones ha e a simila i y index o as much as 11,4; im and Cm s ones ha e a simila i y index o […] 9,2; i and C s ones ha e a simila i y index o […] 8,6). The ollowing able is inse ed in Annex I o his Regula ion: 1. The o de o occu ence o he ypes o na u al no he n pane ėžys' adjec i es acco ding o hei simila i y is as ollows: ā, ā, a, u, a2, i , im, Cm, C , ē. The e a e h ee g oups o no he n Pane ėžys s one ools: male (a and u s one ools), emale (ā and ā s one ools) and mixed (im, i , Cm, C ). The mos dis inc i e ea u e is he e-s one, which is mo e closely ela ed o masculine and mixed-gende euphemisms han o eminine euphemisms. All ypes o emale, male, and mixed chee leading a e cha ac e ized by a g adual app oxima ion. 3.1. ha e a high simila i y index and a e close o mixed unny wo ds i and im, emale unny wo ds ā and ā, male unny wo ds a and u. 3.2. The no he n panels o emale amusemen pa ks a e di ided in o wo g oups: he e-amusemen pa ks ha e mo e common ends wi h he male and mixed amusemen pa ks, and he ā and ā pa ks in gene al a e qui e a om all o he pa ks. Unlike he o he ecommenda ions discussed, he no he n pane ėžys […]a2 s one is loca ed in he middle be ween he male and mixed ypes o climbing. […]a2 s ones a e associa ed wi h bo h masculine and mixed chee ul objec wo ds in almos he same way (e.g. […]a2 and a s ones ha e a simila i y index o 7.3; […]a2 and u s ones ha e a simila i y index o […]6, […]a2 and im ha e a simila i y index o 7.5; […]a2 and Cm ha e a simila i y index o […]7,2). 4. he hie a chical g ouping o he ypes o no he n pane ėžys, compa ed wi h he hie a chical g ouping o he ypes o no he n b eeding ees (Gi denis, Rosinas: 1977), no he n b eeding ees (Ma ke ičius: 2006), common languages (Gi denis, Rosinas: 1977), Va ėnõs (Ka aciejū ė 2011), S aipsniai / A icles 221 Ry ų aukš aičių šiau inių pane ėžiškių daik a a džio linksnia imo ipai i jų ki imo endencijos is sligh ly lowe . Indexes o simila i y o ypes o en e ainmen in Ghana show a mu ual app ochemen o he pa adigms o b igh no he n pane ėžys ic objec s. LITERATŪRA DLKG – Daba inės lie u ių kalbos g ama ika. Vilnius: Mokslo i enciklopedijų leidybos ins i u as, 2005. Ga š a Kazimie as 1982a: Joniškėlio apylinkės šnek os eks ai. Vilnius: Vilniaus uni- e si e o leidykla. Ga š a Kazimie as 1982b: S a besnės šiau ės aka ų pane ėžiškių onologijos ypa ybės. – Bal is ica 18(1), 65–75. Ga š a Kazimie as 2000: Šiau ės aka ų pane ėžiškių „mu mamieji balsiai“. – Lie u ių kalbo y os klausimai 43, 165–175. Gi denis Aleksas, Rosinas A lbe as 1977: Lie u ių kalbos daik a a džio links- nia imo ipų hie a chija i pag indinės jos ki imo endencijos (bend inės kalbos i že- maičių a mės duomenimis). – Bal is ica 13(2), 338–348. Kačiuškienė Geno ai ė 2000: Neki čiuo ų i/u i e/o a ojimas Joniškėlio i Pa- k uojo apylinkių išliuose eks uose. – Bal u iloloģija 9, 25–31. Kačiuškienė Geno ai ė 2006: Šiau ės pane ėžiškių a mės onologijos b uožai. Mokslinė monog a ija. Vilnius: Vilniaus uni e si e o leidykla. Kaika y ė Auš a 2010: Joniškio šnek os daik a a džio linksnia imo sis ema. Dak a o dise acija. Vilnius: Lie u ių kalbos ins i u as. Ka aciejū ė Vi alija 2011: Va ėnos šnek os daik a a džių leksinės klasės i jų hie- a chija. – Li uanis ica 57, 3(85), 314–324. K uopas Jonas ( ed.) 1957: Pi moji lie u ių kalbos g ama ika. Vilnius: Vals ybinė po- li inės i mokslinės li e a ū os leidykla. LKE – Lie u ių kalbos enciklopedija. Vilnius: Mokslo i enciklopedijų leidybos ins- i u as, 1999. LKG – Lie u ių kalbos g ama ika 1. Fone ika i mo ologija (daik a a dis, būd a dis, skai- a dis, į a dis). Vilnius: Min is, 1965. LKTCh – Lie u ių kalbos a mių ch es oma ija. Vilnius: Lie u ių kalbos ins i u o leidy- kla, 2004. RASA KURKAUSKIENĖ 222 Ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXXV Ma ke ičius Au imas 2006: Šiau inių ši in iškių daik a a džio kamienai i jų hie a chija. – Bal is ica 41(3), 435–450. Rosinas Albe as 2005: La ių kalbos daik a a džio linksnia imo sis ema: sin- ch onija i diach onija. Vilnius: Mokslo i enciklopedijų leidybos ins i u as. Rosinas Albe as 1994: Simono S ane ičiaus eks ų daik a a džio linksnia imo ipų hie a chija. – Lie u ių kalbo y os klausimai 24, 112–117. Ručinskai ė I. 1984: „Mu mamųjų” balsių kokybinė opozicija šiau ės pane ėžiškių a mėje. – Kalbo y a 35(1), 72–76. Šlia as Juozas 1974: Žeimelio–Lauksodžio šnek os į a džiuo inių būd a džių ypa- ybės. – Bal is ica 10(1), 91–92. Valeckienė Adelė 1998: Funkcinė lie u ių kalbos g ama ika. Vilnius: Mokslo i enci- klopedijų leidybos ins i u as. Vidugi is Aloyzas 1964: Veikiamųjų daly ių o mos Ka sakiškio a mėje. – Lie- u ių kalbos mo ologinė sanda a i jos aida (Lie u ių kalbo y os klausimai 7), 187–192. Wu zel Wol gang Ull ich 1984: Flexionsmo phologie und Na ü lichkei (S udia G amma ica 21). Be lin. Zinke ičius Zigmas 1980: Lie u ių kalbos is o inė g ama ika 1. Vilnius: Mokslas Noun Declension Types in he Eas e n Aukš ai ian Subdialec o No he n Pane ėžiškiai and he Tendencies o Thei Change SUMMARY The nouns o he Eas e n Aukš ai ian Subdialec o No he n Pane ėžiškiai we e ana- lysed using he synch onic me hod i s p oposed by Gi denis and Rosinas in 1977. Each noun declension class was jux aposed o all o he declension classes; he numbe o co- inciding case endings was examined; he equency o he usage o cases was calcula ed. The esea ch made he ollowing indings: 1. The na u al o de o he noun declension ypes o he No he n Pane ėžiškiai Sub- dialec by simila i y is as ollows: ā, ā, a, u, a2, i , im, Cm, C , ē. S aipsniai / A icles 223 Ry ų aukš aičių šiau inių pane ėžiškių daik a a džio linksnia imo ipai i jų ki imo endencijos 2. The noun declension s ems in he No he n Pane ėžiškiai Subdialec all in o h ee g oups: masculine (a and u s em nouns), eminine (ā and ā s em nouns) and mixed (im, i , Cm, C ); ē s em which is mo e app oxima e o he nouns o masculine and mixed declension a he han eminine declension s ems s ands ou om o he s ems. 3. G adual app oxima ion is cha ac e is ic o all declensional ypes o nouns in he sub- dialec unde analysis – eminine, masculine and mixed. 3.1. S ems i and im o mixed declension nouns, s ems ā and ā o eminine declension nouns, s ems a and u o masculine declension nouns a e closely linked and show a high simila i y index. 3.2. S ems o eminine declension nouns o he No he n Pane ėžiškiai Subdialec all in o wo g oups: ē s em nouns sha e mo e endings wi h he s ems o masculine and mixed declension, whe eas ā and ā s ems a e gene ally mo e emo e o all o he s ems. 3.3. In con as o o he subdialec s analysed be o e, he s em a2 o he No he n Pane ėžiškiai Subdialec alls in be ween masculine and mixed ypes o declension. The linkage be ween he s em a2 and masculine and mixed declension nouns is nea ly iden i- cal (c .: a2 and a s em simila i y index s ands a 7.3; a2 and u s em simila i y index is 6.2; a2 and im simila i y index is 7.5; a2 and Cm simila i y index is 7.3). 4. Compa ed o he dend og ams o hie a chical clus e ing o declension ypes o Ti kšliai (Gi denis, Rosinas: 1977), No he n Ši in iškiai (Ma ke ičius: 2006), s an da d language (Gi denis, Rosinas: 1977), Va ėna (Ka aciejū ė 2011), he dend og am o he hie a chical clus e ing o declension ypes o he No he n Pane ėžiškiai Subdialec is sligh ly lowe . Ra he high declension ype simila i y indices show e iden app oxima ion o noun pa adigms in he No he n Pane ėžiškiai Subdialec . Deli e ed on 17 Ap il 2016 RASA KURKAUSKIENĖ Lie u os edukologijos uni e si e as The Commission shall be empowe ed o adop delega ed ac s in acco dance wi h A icle 26 o supplemen his Regula ion by laying down de ailed ules o he applica ion o his Regula ion.