„Kretingos tarmės žodyne“ (2011) atsiskleidžiantys žemaitiško emocinio lauko kontūrai

80 Ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXXX JŪRATĖ PAJĖDIENĖ Lie u ių kalbos ins i u as Resea ch a eas: syn ax o he old and cu en Li huanian language, seman ics and p agma ics, his o y o Li huanian cul u e and chu ch ex s. The DOI In he case o a loan, he e m o he loan is he same as he e m o he loan. This Decision shall en e in o o ce on he day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union. The coun yside Ou line o he Samogi ian Emo ional Field as Re lec ed by he K e inga Dialec Dic iona y (2011) This Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal. The a icle con inues he s udy o he mos p onounced e lec ions o land iden i y in e e yday speech. Based on Juozas Aleksand ičius's K e inga dialec dic iona y (2011) as a sou ce ha pe ec ly con eys he men ali y o people speaking he K e inga dialec in he no he n lowlands, his s udy aims o e eal he ela ionship be ween he psychological phenomena o he lowland e hnici y and he e e yday language models. The s udy o e e yday discou se pa e ns allows us o see pa e ns o emo ional beha io ypical o low-income people and o unde s and how he cha ac e is ics o a pa icula linguis ic beha io can a ec and shape he emo ional beha io o speake s. These a e he wo ds: low, iden i y, au hen ici y, dialogue, emo ions. This Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal. The a icle con inues he s udy on he e lec ions o he Samogi ian iden i y, which a e mos p ominen in daily communica ion. Re e ing o he K e inga dialec dic iona y (2011) by Juozas Aleksand ičius, which p o ides an excellen p esen a ion o he exp ession o men ali y o he speake s o he No he n Samogi ian dialec o K e inga, he p esen s udy seeks o e eal he connec ions be ween he peculia psychological cha ac e is ics o e hnically de e mined phenomena o Samogi ians (c . The esea ch on he passages om e e yday discou se enables A icles by A icles 81 K e ingos a mės žodyne (2011) a siskleidžian ys žemai iško emocinio lauko kon ū ai us o see he pa e ns o exp ession o he emo ional beha io inhe en in he Samoyed and ealize how he peculia i ies o a ce ain linguis ic beha io may a ec and shape he emo ional beha io o speake s. KEYWORDS: Samogi ians, iden i y, au hen ici y, dialogici y, emo ions. 1. ĮVADAS The a icle con inues he s udy o he mos p onounced e lec ions o land iden i y in e e yday speech. Juozo Aleksand a ičius's K e inga language dic iona y (KTZ) ha eco ds he ealiza ion o he men ali y o he speake s o he no he n lowland K e inga dialec s in e e yday si ua ions allows o see he connec ions be ween he e hnici y o he psychic phenomena o he ne wo k (Bliumas 1997: 40, […] 489) and he models o he lowland language. The me hodological p o isions a e desc ibed in mo e de ail in an ea lie s udy o simila phenomena (see Pajedynė 2018), bu i is impo an o men ion he e once again he au hen ic dialogue o he language ma e ial eco ded by KTZ (p. I is p ecisely because o his uniqueness ha he whole o he KTZ illus a ions, as a concep o pa ag aphs o ex e ealing he speci ici y o he landscape speech, is able o con ey he KALBANČIOJO3, a pain ing ep esen ing he expe iences and hanks o many pe sonalized indi iduals. In he case o people o he same o di e en e hnici y, he pa e ns o beha iou ha a e p o oked by e e yday si ua ions e eal ce ain emo ional beha iou al cha ac e is ics ha a e cha ac e is ic o people o e hnic o igin only because hey hink and speak in a ce ain way. The selec ion o KTZ ma e ial was de e mined by seman ic, and some imes s uc u al, dis inc i e and (o ) mo e equen ly epea ed pa e ns o ph ases o a ce ain s uc u al ype, which we e g ouped using he a o emen ioned e hno-psychological s udy (Bliumas 1997) ha highligh ed he ea u es o psychic ac i i y ela ed o geome y. The i s pa o he a icle p esen s he peculia i ies o psychological phenomena ha ha e eme ged in he e hno-psychological esea ch, and he second pa ocuses on ce ain models o emo ional beha io ha e eal he my hs ela ed o e hnici y. 1 Juozas Aleksand a ičius collec ed he ma e ial o his dic iona y and compiled he ile om he middle o he 20 h cen u y o he middle o he 5 h decade o he 20 h cen u y un il 2004 (see Mikulėnienė 2011: XII; Vaišnienė 2011: XX). 2 The ac ual a ea o he lowland K e ingian dialec is la ge han he e i o y whose ep esen a i e language is based on he KTZ (see Aleksand a ičius 2011: 5; Lubienė, Pakalniškienė 2015: 76). 3 The concep s o speake and speake a e used as synonyms in he a icle. The masculine gende is chosen as a gene ic one, able o ep esen bo h sexes o speake s, when he e is no ob ious gende o he add essee in he sec ion. JŪRATĖ PAJĖDIENĖ 82 Ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXXX This Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union. In he a icle, sec ions o illus a ions o he Zemai ic speech a e p esen ed in an a emp o epea as accu a ely as possible he phone ic ansc ip ion used by he KTZ4 (see mo e abou i in Aleksand a ičius 2011: 1718; Vaišnienė 2011: XXIIIXXIX). 2. The psychological connec ion wi h he ea h REIŠKINIŲ SAVITUMAI P ieš po ą dešim mečių a lik o aukš aičių i žemaičių e nine p iklausomybe The indings o he s udy o he peculia i ies o beha io al psychological phenomena (see Blimus 1997) bu o už iksuo os kaip išei ies aškas išsamiems, ilgalaikiams e ninės psicholo- gijos y inėjimams (p. 49). Siekian nus a y i, ku iuos e ninei g upei būdinges- sugges ha he mani es a ions o men al ac i i y and emo ional beha io can be linked o he in luence o he mo he ongue, he la e being conside ed no only as a way o e ealing beha io al emo ional models, bu also as a de e minan o he occu ence o psychological phenomena in a selec ed e hnic g oup and an incen i e o eme ge om his ime wi h e hnici y-based pa e ns. The e hno-psychological s udy chosen o he epo ing poin was based on he bina y sube hnic […] uppe and lowe […] classi ica ion5. The e hnici y o he ic ims was linked o h ee ac o s: he pe manen esidence o he pe son in he e i o y assigned o he sube hnic g oup, he subjec i e assignmen o onesel o he lowe o uppe classes and he ad ice. The s udy in ol ed 120 people: 60 o he su ey pa icipan s om he u al g oup we e bo n in he own o Sedo (Mažeikių .), acco ding o he ad ice o […] šiau ės žemaičiai; Acco ding o he ad ice o he Eas e n High School, he 60 in es iga o s o he high school g oup we e esiden s o he own o Balniki (Molė ų .). The composi ion o he wo g oups acco ding o gende , age and educa ion was e y simila . The o e all a e age age o he subjec s in bo h g oups was app oxima ely 71 yea s (see Bliums 1997: 28-29). Du ing his e hno-psychological s udy, he high and low-income s uden s we e in e iewed. 4 I should be no ed ha he e i ica ion wo ds in he illus a ions a e w i en in small le e s and ma ked wi h a s a (see KTZ ansc ip ion ules, Vaišnienė 2011: XXIII). 5 In he selec ion o he a ea occupied by he D ina io (land ele a ions) in he Li huanian language, see a gumen s. The yea 1997: 28. Recen esea ch (see Aliukay e al. 2017) indica es ha in subjec i ely concep ualizing e ms, such a bina y classi ica ion o e ms is one o he dominan ones (e.g. This Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union. A icles by A icles 83 K e ingos a mės žodyne (2011) a siskleidžian ys žemai iško emocinio lauko kon ū ai using he He mann Ro schach inkje me hod6 (and he John Exne sys em o i s in e p e a ion7) and he Max Lüsche colou es 8. A e sys ema izing and summa izing he da a o he s udy (p. 37 […] 40), he di e en in ensi y o he psychological beha io al ai s o he subjec s was highligh ed. This allowed he di e en cogni i e p ocesses, emo ional expe iences and pe sonali y ai s o he wo g oups o be linked o hei e hnici y, as well as o he na u e o hei ela ionships wi h objec s and social en i onmen s (see Bliums 40, 48-49). F om emo ional expe iences, i 's a bi o a s e ch. Some o he di e ences in he ski umų paminė ina, kad žemaičių im ies i iamųjų ne imo išgy enimai labiau siejosi su šios g upės i iamiesiems labiau nei aukš aičiams būdingu in a e iš- cha ac e is ics o he pe sonali y unde s udy ha e also been linked o he endencies o in o e sion-ex a e sion o he pe sonali y: […][A]x aichi is mo e likely o be classi ied as ex o e ed, while […] lowe s he endencies o in o e sion o he pe sonali y. [...] The lowlande s we e heal hie , mo e independen , mo e closed, mo e passi e and mo e sensi i e. The subjec s o his g oup exp essed hemsel es as mo e op imis ic, hey we e cha ac e ized by a s onge ego (p. 49). The esul s also showed g ea e empa hy abili ies o he lowe classes (p. 42, 49). The indica ed s udy e ealed a mo e in ensi e and success ul in ellec ual ac i i y o he esea che s o he lowe g oups, who mo e success ully used he abili ies o abs ac ion and in eg a ion o expe ience. The hinking o he landlo ds o he old age was mo e heo e ical. The p ocess o imaging was also used mo e ac i ely by he in es iga ed landowne s (p. 48-49). The coexis ence wi h he ma e ial and social en i onmen was cha ac e is ic o he peasan s, who ended o plan hei beha iou in ad ance. These subjec s' ela ionships wi h he social en i onmen we e in equen and a ied, and hei communica ion skills we e ex emely poo (p. 49); The s udy ound ha people wi h low sel -es eem we e mo e in e es ed in o he people, and social con ac s seemed mo e impo an o hem, bu he subjec s in he low sel -es eem g oup we e dis inguished by a ma ked c i icism o he social en i onmen , cha ac e is ic o in o e s. The Ro schach Inkblo Me hod was i s desc ibed in he book Psychodiagnos ics (Ro schach, 1951), bu gained pa icula popula i y in he mid-20 h cen u y. See also The Commission shall be empowe ed o adop delega ed ac s in acco dance wi h A icle 26 o supplemen his Regula ion by laying down de ailed ules o he applica ion o his Regula ion. 739–740. 7 Fo an o e iew o The Comp ehensi e Sys em, see The Comp ehensi e Sys em, published by Jeho ah's Wi nesses. Blium 1997: 31 o 32. The Lushe Colo Tes was de eloped in 1947 and gained popula i y in he 1970s. Abou unc ional psychology and he main meanings o colo s, he co espondences o colo s and he dep h o eeling, see Lüsche 1971: 27 o 30, 33 o 37. The eliabili y o his es can be assessed subjec i ely by using he e sions o he es p o ided on websi es (e.g. h ps: www.kahome.eu/cgi-bin/lsch .pl?da a=45123067; h ps: www.online es pad.com/en/ es -987- he-lusche colo - es , e c.). Fo mo e in o ma ion, see he es Blium 1997: 32 o 35. JŪRATĖ PAJĖDIENĖ 84 Ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXXX he ma e ial p o ided by he conso ium. Empi ical da a in eg a ion in o mul i-laye s (see also Coulson 2001: 33). In he žinojimo lygmenų ep ezen a imo isumą padeda juos eisingiau in e p e uo i e hno-psychological s udy discussed, he cha ac e is ics o emo ional, in ellec ual and social ac i i y associa ed wi h he landscape a e highligh ed as a ce ain dominan o he selec ion and analysis o he landscape speech ma e ial p o ided by he KTZ. I is possible o see he connec ions be ween he psychological expe iences cha ac e is ic o he low-le el speake s wi h ce ain seman ic (and some imes e en jimo modeliais. Šiame s aipsnyje bus ap a iama, kaip KTŽ kalbančiojo pasi- sakymuose a siskleidžia žemaičiams būdingesnių psichikos eiškinių pi mosios s uc u al) language g oups, in he case o he ealiza ion o emo ional ep esen a ion o beha iou in he landscape. The idea ha expe ience is passed om gene a ion o gene a ion on he basis o lea ning, obse a ion and inhe i ance (e.g. Gage, Be line 1994: 205 ), and he es ablishmen o ph ases ha con ey he mos i id emo ions, allows such models o emo ional communica ion o be linked o he communica ion o he ea hly iden i y. The analysis o he exp ession o he linguis ic models ha mos o en con ey such psychic ac i i ies allows o de e mine he cause o he peculia ea hly beha io . 3. Emo ional esponses o he si ua ion This Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union. Gi en ha any aspec o linguis ic meaning mus be in e p e ed and iden i ied based on he abili ies o indi iduals (e.g., Weigand 2010: 58), some o he beha io al ai s cha ac e is ic o he lowe classes ha ha e been highligh ed in he ea lie discussion o e hnically de e mined psychological phenomena can be used as dominan s o a en ion in he s udy o he ocabula y o Juozas Alexand o i ch. This sec ion o he au hen ic speech o he no he n lowland K e ingians, which ep esen s many and a ied aspec s o he concep , is a e y use ul sou ce o linking he beha io al ai s o he no he n lowland K e ingians (who we e also no he n lowland K e ingians) wi h he e e yday speech o he s udy g oup and de e mining how he language can no only e lec , bu also a ec and shape he hinking, emo ional expe iences and pe sonali y ai s o he speake . 9 How he in ellec ual ac i i ies and alues o he lowe classes a e e ealed in he speeches o he KTZ speake , due o he abundance o ma e ial p o ided by his dic iona y, will be discussed in o he publica ions. S aipsniai / A icles 85 K e ingos a mės žodyne (2011) a siskleidžian ys žemai iško emocinio lauko kon ū ai The pa s o speech ha mos clea ly ep esen he emo ional ield and beha io o he speake (i.e. he mos equen and (o ) peculia s uc u e) will be discussed acco ding o he dimensions o he pe sonali y ai s o he subjec s o he subjec s o he subjec s o he subjec s o he subjec s o he subjec s o he subjec s o he subjec s. 3.1. S ong ego and sel -con idence The speake o he ECR demons a es he s eng h o his ego by no allowing he mos impo an […] name, pe sonal space and secu i y (and p ope e alua ion) […] pa ame e s o pe sonal iden i y and sel -es eem o be iola ed. A pe son wi h a s ong ego who speaks in ongues does no allow ano he pe son o misp onounce himsel . Such a p o ision may be de ended ei he di ec ly […] by a s a emen o by p o oca i e physical ac ion o p elimina ily […] by a ques ion o a ema k in o ming ano he pe son o he possibili ies o o e coming he unaccep able way o naming. A pe son who iola es he p o isions may be subjec ed o h ea s, mo alizing ques ions, in imida ion o physical abuse (no e he ou h sen ence, which shows ha he chosen ac ic o p o ec ing he a ibu es o he pe son's iden i y pa ame e s was success ul, since he subjec in ques ion was p o ec ed only up o he ime limi o pe o ming he ac ion speci ied in he sen ence), e.g. 73) : 77) na úuok12 mnẹs // 353 This is he i s ime I' e seen his. 78) 13 h cen u y oubadou wi h a hickness o 310 ee and a con ession o he speake e ealing such a iew o he ea ly beginning o he day, bu he ac o he jou ney o mėgius i elgsenos būdus, ku ie adicinėje kalbančiojo bend uomenėje nė- a ko i uojami eigiamai, plg.: de amo s anda o nea i inkan į kalbančiojo po- he ac o he jou ney 10 See also he sel -po ai o he speake p esen ed by KTZ. The day o eckoning 2018: 7378. 11 o p onounce […] o p onounce, o p onounce di e en ly […] KTZ 227 12 o p onounce, o p onounce, o p onounce […] KTZ 353 13 pliuza o i, ~oja, ~ojė (hib .) – ‘niekin i, peik i, kone eik i’ KTŽ 310 JŪRATĖ PAJĖDIENĖ In addi ion o he abo e-men ioned easons, i is also necessa y o ake in o accoun he ollowing ac o s: (i) he na u e o he o ence; (ii) he na u e o he o ence; and (iii) he na u e o he o ence; and (i ) he na u e o he o ence; and ( ) he na u e o he o ence; and ( ) he na u e o he o ence; and ( i) he na u e o he o ence. This is usually done by choosing an excep ionally posi i e sel -assessmen […]man i 's easy o do[…] con eying and cla i ying cons uc s ha a e ealized in a meaning ampli ude o con as ing possibili ies om kàs mộn (mûms) o ás […] e […] man i means […] o ás mộn n[…]eka n[…]e […] ha means no hing o me. Con idence is encou aged and s eng hened by he pe cep ion o exis ing skills and expe ience (see sen ence 11), which is o en e e ed o as he choice o ime cons uc ions (see sen ence 12), and by emphasizing he p esence o p e ious expe ience and he possibili ies o adap ing i o u u e ac i i ies (see sen ence 12). : 83) he spide 's ail is used o show he spide 's ail17 who is he spide 's ail 341 84) he spide 's ail is used o show he spide 's ail18 p in ed in he spide 's ail o he spide 's ail // 168 85) The speake 's ego is e ealed and judged by he beha io o ac i i ies o o he s; This e alua ion can be p esen ed in wo ways: ei he by showing a na cissis ic supe io i y o by ying o emphasize he g ea e abili ies o o he s, e.g. 87) he humb o he humb o he humb o he humb o he humb o he humb o he humb o he humb o he humb o he humb o he humb o he humb o he humb o he humb. 241 The s eng h o he speaking ego is also shown by he accen ua ion o one's knowledge, and no 14 digni a y, […]ja, […]ja, […] aikš inė i, slanikinė i, landinė i[…] KTŽ 76 15 jump, jump, jump […] […]sibas y i[…] KTŽ 71 16 jump, […]ja, […]iojė […] […] jump (seeking p i a imas pašneko o nuomonei. Tam pap as ai pasi elkiami žymė o modalumo some hing) […] KTŽ 230 17 […]j i, […]a, […] jump, jump, jumped […] KTŽ 18 34 […] 1 […] KTZ 168 p edica es, o example, impe a i e s a emen s wi h nega ion o alleged p onuncia ion o exp essions, decla a ion o in en ions, condi ions (no implemen ed), e.g. 90) napīza ûk21 mnēsakas aspà s skûẹn žâu // 91) nasakk ns u s 301 p ison p isone s ke s âu 157 92) kamna kojēs nûbû u p ikâl sai deo dûo 19 suk apo i – ‘neg ažiai, su iška omis sukapo i’ KTŽ 183 20 d bsena – ‘di bimas, di bimo būdas’ KTŽ 77 A icles o he 87 h K e ingos a mės žodyne (2011) a siskleidžian ys žemai iško emocinio lauko kon ū ai 74 // Kalbanjō's ego is only a eminde and a eminde o he changes in emo ions and sel , whe he o no i is a me apho o a c i icism. : 93) ooks pàjem pkis kapag a a bọ âu dộu ē anâm sọšâukš ō ikk a / This is he i s ime I' e seen his. // 126 94) I don' like o be called a cowa d. I don' like o be called a cowa d. I don' like o be called a cowa d. I don' like o be called a cowa d. 3.2 An op imis ic ou look The op imis ic a i ude is e ealed by he KTZ speake 's passages o speech, which emphasize he joy and sa is ac ion o momen a y momen s in he simple imp essions o he e e yday en i onmen sha ed wi h he in e locu o , see. : 97) he numbe o imes he numbe o imes he numbe o imes he numbe o imes he numbe o imes he numbe o imes he numbe o imes he numbe o imes he numbe o imes he numbe o imes he numbe o imes he numbe o imes he numbe o imes he numbe o imes The ollowing is an exce p om he book, "The Rape o he Red-Nosed Reindee : The Rape o he Red-Nosed Reindee : The Rape o he Red-Nosed Reindee : The Rape o he Red-Nosed Reindee : The Rape o he Red-Nosed Reindee : The Rape o he Red-Nosed Reindee : The Rape o he Red-Nosed Reindee : The Rape o he Red-Nosed Reindee : The Rape o he Red-Nosed Reindee ." kel inio alkanumo į ai iems pojūčiams, a p jų i no ui g ažiai a ody i, akcen- a imas, plg.: 104) The mayo o he ci y o Nu sul an Naza baye has been a es ed o embezzling unds om he Minis y o In e nal A ai s. This is he i s ime ha he Eu opean Pa liamen has o ed in a ou o he Commission's p oposal o a di ec i e on he p o ec ion o wo ke s om he isks ela ed o exposu e o ca cinogens a wo k. 24 sál i, ~s a, sãlo – ‘labai no ė i, geis i’ KTŽ 355 JŪRATĖ PAJĖDIENĖ 88 Ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXXX This Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union. The use o he KTZ and i s immedia e en i onmen ( he names used and he choices we make also indica e he in ensi y and impo ance o ce ain ac i i ies ela ed o he links) and he decla a ion o he in ensi y and impo ance o ce ain ac i i ies ela ed o he links, e.g. 11 mûms pningã nipkâmsi blkksmã gâm 256; 297 1125) a e also op imis ic. The iew e eals a ious, o example, he bene i s o he acquisi ion o echnical de ails o he desc ip ions o ac ions aken in some c i ical si ua ions, e.g. 112) The jujube's cauli lowe candle ligh s up a lo o he pa k's ligh s. 60 113) The pa k's pa k's bushes. When choosing he o me , he in e locu o is desc ibed as being able o o e come an obs acle o an unpleasan si ua ion, and his con idence is s eng hened by di ec ins uc ions and encou agemen s ha encou age he in e locu o o change. : (c) The ollowing able is inse ed in Annex I o Annex I o his Ag eemen : (a) The ollowing able is inse ed in Annex I o his Ag eemen : (b) The ollowing able is inse ed in Annex I o his Ag eemen : (c) The ollowing able is inse ed in Annex I o his Ag eemen : (d) The ollowing able is inse ed in Annex I o his Ag eemen : 117) You' e going o ge d unk. You' e going o ge d unk. 118) Mauk28 is no a shipw eck. 119) o he nabûk apãu ẹs29 // 159 By choosing he second "cold showe " ac ic, he speake seeks o show ha he speake 's inac ion, disappoin men o absence is ob ious, and o ask whe he he e a e se ious easons o such a a i ude (o pe haps o wa n o possible u u e consequences). The e o e, an a emp is made o aise he ques ion di ec ly (see sen ences 48-51) o o deny he se iousness and uniqueness o he obs acles o si ua ions ha ha e a isen (see sen ences nius), a ba iesiog o muluojan impe a y us, plg.: 52-54-120). 294 25 Fo mo e in o ma ion on he s a egies o he KTZ speake and hei meanings, see I 's he day o 2018. 27 accus omed, accus omed, 26 siùs i, siuñ a, siù o – ‘ni š i į ūžus, labai pyk i’ KTŽ 362 accus omed […] accus omed […] KTZ 121 28 may, […]na, mo e […] 2. […] hu y o go, go […] KTZ 230 29 o open […] o open, no o open, no o open […] KTZ 159 30 o close […] o close, o close, o close […] KTZ 294 A icles o he 95 h K e ingos a mės žodyne (2011) a siskleidžian ys žemai iško emocinio lauko kon ū ai 196) he nose o he nose o he mou h o he mou h o he mou h o he mou h o he mou h o he mou h o he mou h o he mou h o he mou h o he mou h o he mou h o he mou h o he mou h o he mou h o he mou h o he mou h o he mou h The KTZ speake ends o associa e his own es lessness wi h some ecollec ions o pas e en s, e.g. : The nega i e expe iences o he pas do no allow he speake o be ce ain abou his condi ion and possibili ies a he ime o he speech o o belie e in he success o u u e e en s. : "I don' know wha you' e alking abou . I don' know wha you' e alking abou . I don' know wha you' e alking abou ". "I don' know wha you' e alking abou ". "I don' know wha you' e alking abou ". "I don' know wha you' e alking abou ". "I don' know wha you' e alking abou ". "I don' know wha you' e alking abou ". 3.7. Sensi i i y The speake 's sensi i i y o a ious dis ac ions is indica ed by his ema ks, which name he pe son nex o him's sensi i i y and (o ) noise as annoying, dis ac ing o p e en ing him om sleeping. I 's no jus a ques ion o whe he o no you' e going o be able o do i , i 's also a ques ion o whe he o no you' e going o be able o do i , and i 's a ques ion o whe he o no you' e going o be able o do i , and i 's a ques ion o whe he o no you' e going o be able o do i , and i 's a ques ion o whe he o no you' e going o be able o do i , and i 's a ques ion o whe he o no you' e going o be able o do i . JŪRATĖ PAJĖDIENĖ 96 Ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXXX 206) ko‿čè pȓâusi69 p ‿ausũ! // 319 207) Wha 's he ma e wi h you? Wha 's he ma e wi h you? The ollowing is a summa y o he main indings o he e iew: (1) The Commission conside s ha he con es ed ax uling does no cons i u e S a e aid wi hin he meaning o A icle 107 (1) o he T ea y. (2) The Commission conside s ha he con es ed ax uling does no cons i u e S a e aid wi hin he meaning o A icle 107 (1) o he T ea y. "I don' know i I'm going o be able o do i , bu I'm going o be able o do i . I'm going o be able o do i . I'm going o be able o do i . I'm going o be able o do i . I'm going o be able o do i . I'm going o be able o do i . I'm going o do i . I'm going o do i . I'm going o do i . I'm going o do i . I'm going o do i . I'm going o do i . I'm going o do i . // 196 225) * has al eady been gi en a b ake on he 75 h anni e sa y o he dea h o he deceased 52 226) […] has been gi en a b ake on he dea h o he deceased […] has been gi en a b ake on he 227 69 h anni e sa y o he dea h o he deceased […] has been gi en a b ake 71 kušėjimas – ‘k u ėjimas’ KTŽ 199 72 liù linimas – ‘nelabai ikęs g iežimas’ KTŽ 219 on he 319 70 h anni e sa y o he dea h o he deceased […] […] o lose […] 2. Suddenly o go en by KTZ 346 74 cousins, cousins, cousins […] 1. […] o mo e, o c umble […] KTZ 199 75 b ake, […]a, […] (Heb ew) […] 2. […] o lie […] KTZ 52 A icles o he 97 h K e ingos a mės žodyne (2011) a siskleidžian ys žemai iško emocinio lauko kon ū ai 3.8. In a e sion o he spine76 o he endency o o he s o close in on hemsel es is seen by he KTZ speake as a lack o cou age. The ma e ial p o ided by he KTZ discou se sec ions shows ha he exp ession o cowa dice, cowa dice, occasionally called ea o shame is de e mined by encoun e s wi h unknown objec s in a o eign space, unknown people and unknown models o o de . The speake usually ecognizes his beha iou in he beha iou o child en, e.g. : I 's no like I don' know wha I'm doing. I don' know wha I'm doing. I don' know wha I'm doing. 230) ddlê gedngs as aiklis // 102 This is he i s ime I' e seen his. KTZ speake s e e o owne ship and discou agemen as a quali y ha p e en s hem om in e ac ing wi h o he human beings, e.g. : 231) o e whelmed by lus 232) I'm going o he ba h oom. I'm going o he ba h oom. 23) The wa e all is loca ed in he illage o E na. KTZ's o e coming o s ubbo nness and sel -loa hing is seen as a gua an ee o success. : 234) d sêm žmũogộu s sẽnkas // 79 As i is necessa y o sol e any p oblems and communica e wi h s ange s, he KTŽ speake ies o o e come his imidi y wi h inne belie s o by asking o help om ano he pe son, plg.:5) apsẹd snēsũ énu nep ējâu p an skúo ne olũos. // 79 236) kad êjǎn nu bûs d sǎu // 2377 Majai, 87 KTŽ speake ends o deny he pe son by desc ibing him as unin elligible and (plg.) asking o any in o ma ion and wo d cons uc ions. : The s udy is based on He mano Ro schach's concep ion o in a e sion as a p ocess cha ac e ized by he lexibili y o he indi idual's possibili ies and he endency o close in on onesel acco ding o 239) ns gâl cela dina ẹšọ ksûo ẹ78 kọ ‿nûo s ẹ‿žũodi nap a ã ẹ // 166 he ci cums ances and condi ions o he en i onmen (see Blixis 1997: 42). 77 o ake ca e […] o be b a e, o ake cou age, o make a decision […] KTZ 79 has a p onounced endency o alk and (o ) a choice o li e apa , o a oid ou side glances, no o le unwan ed people in o one's space o a leas o be su e o one's p i acy con ol. In addi ion o he abo e-men ioned es ic ions, he e a e a 78 ou o own […] ou o own […] KTZ 166 JŪRATĖ PAJĖDIENĖ 98 Ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXXX 3.9. Closu e KTŽ kalbančiojo azės odo, kad žemaičiams užda umas labiausiai siejasi su p i ačios e d ės i asmens p i a umo apsauga. Visoje KTŽ eikiamoje medžia- numbe o o he es ic ions ha apply o he use o he si e, such as he ollowing: (a) he use o he si e is p ohibi ed; (b) he use o he si e is p ohibi ed; (c) he use o he si e is p ohibi ed; (d) he use o he si e is p ohibi ed; (e) he use o he si e is p ohibi ed; ( ) he use o he si e is p ohibi ed; (g) he use o he si e is p ohibi ed; (h) he use o he si e is p ohibi ed. 211 246) gī ènâm úoũo nùšaũo i ûo // neks nkumè ẹnàọžẽ 263 247) ha he closeness o he speake is also e lec ed in he way he communica es: he is no inclined o open con e sa ions, especially wi h cu ious people, and o open con e sa ions wi h o he s is he main eason o his a e and does no wan o answe his own ques ions, plg. : 248) mộn nà nk // kaddlê ons úojòsệs kamón ẹne 142 249) ss mna gī ènệms àl neks napadesnk kọup ides ẹbeda uo ệis / also known as // 74 The e is a saying ha hose who wan o iola e he lockdown p o isions can be con olled, and hose who ha e a endency no o comply wi h hese p o isions a e cha ac e ized by nega i e conno a ions and (o ) cha ac e ize he in ensi y o beha io . čiais epi e ais, plg.: 250) ákũ nalêdọ ẽ ẹ p kẹimùs // 312 251) he mûsa will c oss he c oss o he pa âiskis in o de o do he wo k o he small ones in he wo k o he small ones in he wo k o he small ones in he wo k o he small ones in he wo k o he small ones in he wo k o he small ones in he wo k o he small ones in he wo k o he small ones o be bu ied […] o wo k somewhe e […] KTZ 178 80 pi ánka i ánka (sl.) […] […]langų užuolaida[…] KTŽ 96, 299 o […]KTŽ 96, 299 o […]KTŽ 96, 299 o […]KTŽ 99 o […]KTŽ 99 o […]KTŽ 99 o […]KTŽ 99 o […]KTZ 99 o […]KTZ […] 81 cows […] cows KTZ 179 82 o emo e, o emo e, o escape KTZ 454 A icles o he 99 h K e ingos a mės žodyne (2011) a siskleidžian ys žemai iško emocinio lauko kon ū ai Cons ipa ion can also be caused by poo heal h. The speake 's name is men ioned as ecognizable om he body language, e.g. 252) pamuosẹk a s ọnk ẹ el sọs ệi ikamūlâ i 242 253) àks pana na ẹn nabeka skna // 251 254) à eng a gâl a pana nūss Ka ais is associa ed wi h ce ain passages, e.g. : 255) as ãks lèp ẹlej sa isa // 212 256) nikâm napàsakûok kūgẹ dejẹs // 257 KTŽ is he a i ude and discou se o g a i ude, which shows ha he closu e o he close can also be o ced, and he con idence and he desi e o speak ou usually a ise while communica ing and messing oge he , plg. 257) nb uō pinâ83 del usuo ẹkn i nmi // 297 258) kašge iamis bas pesi ẹndōpess // 304 25849) 3.10 Liabili ies KTZ is ull o ph ases in which he speake encou ages o he s o explains his passi i y, econcilia ion, and humili y. Humili y om he speake may be equi ed o desi ed by di ec ins uc ions, explana ions, and ad ice. : "I don' know i I'm going o be able o do i , bu I'm going o be able o do i , and I'm going o be able o do i , and I'm going o be able o do i , and I'm going o be able o do i , and I'm going o be able o do i . […] dis inguished, de e mined […] KTZ 495 87 cañ enas, ~a (sl) […] pa en ed […] KTZ 144 85 negalė i pašik i – ‘negalė i pada y i’, plg. KTŽ 495 JŪRATĖ PAJĖDIENĖ 100 Ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXXX This Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union. The speake 's a i ude o he dispu e o en e eals he eal easons o he coun y's passi i y, which may be a eluc ance o se le wi h a mo e impulsi e, mo e s ubbo n pe son o a submission o he opinion o o he s, e.g. 267) bẹjûok ànũ ẹ ‿ọžkàba ûo ẹ89 // 137 268) údk naúdjẹs / kãp i‿sệina // 463 The ma e ial shows ha passi e and submissi e pe sons a e cons an ly ecei ing ins uc ions and ins uc ions om he speake , encou aging hem o beha e, o de end hemsel es o o explain o o he s wha he consequences o submission can be. 272) I 's been a long ime since I' e been he e. 273) Wha a e you going o do abou i ? 81 274) nabûk bis dộuk ima mũzē kaẹk a ski žẹnûo ọ // 275) pa ddli s a nulaidma pà ê ẹ àgùs d 262 KTŽ speake s c i ically e alua e he non-daily, exclusi e absence o he usual bene i s o wo k as a sign o no being a home: ime spen no wo king and expe iencing he esul s o ne ousness is seen as passi e, bu as an ac i i y ha has been abso bed. The mos common explana ion o his is ha he s uc u e o he b ake is o med by a a he igu a i e sliding ac ion wi h a p eposi ion indica ing he ime and (o ) space o he localiza ion, some imes alongside he p esen a ion and non-implemen a ion o he sliding pu pose o he desc ip ion o he co ec bu missed ac i i y, e.g. 276) 88 pė à […] […] bea ing and slapping […] KTŽ 292 89 o be bea en, o be bea en, o be bea en (Heb ew) […] o be bea en […] KTZ 137 90 o be bea en, o be bea en, o be bea en […] no o be in place; o si , o lie down, o wande , e c. KT 79 and 91 m […]klus, […]i […] ik us[…] KTŽ 237 This is a lis o he municipali ies o he Czech Republic. 92 o be ac i e, o be ac i e, o be ac i e, o be ac i e KTZ 81 93 o be ac i e, o be ac i e, o be ac i e pa k […] walk ligh ly o a while […] KTZ one hund ed and six y- wo 94 c aminė i, ėja, ėjė […] pamažu aikš inė i[…]; Pa amine […] o spend ime in pa amine […] KTZ 183 95 o pa kiominė i […] o elax o a while […] KTZ 163 S aipsniai / A icles 101 K e ingos a mės žodyne (2011) a siskleidžian ys žemai iško emocinio lauko kon ū ai The passi e use o one's ime and one's own o ano he 's ac i i ies, no cha ac e ized by op imism and spa ing, e.g. 280) 3.11.Adequa e ela ionships wi h each o he Adjec i es, equi alence ela ionships KTJ speake s a e associa ed wi h he es ic ion o hei ego, s ubbo nness and independence, e.g. 282) sžmuog g ènộn ẽk énùlâidu 26299 283) àš nisọ ínò žog nanûoọ p klī ēšis 320 The e o e, i is cus oma y o emphasize he necessi y o goodwill when e alua ing he possibili ies o ag eeing and ag eeing (ž . 212214 sak), while he e bally demons a ed igh is desc ibed as nenuo okius and nesukšiš (ž . 215217 sakus), pl. : 284) jê e e s o he wo ds o he swo d. 285) o suppo he 100 h anni e sa y o he disas e 286) sge sumè gàl husbands a e p epa ed o he es o 104 287) jê nûo i ọkộukis kãp wi e's sàb nakẹnekis // 137 288) ns nkuoũos nù ûokas na ộ ọkudamûos s insul he husbands p isone s a e also in he es o / 137 This Decision shall en e in o o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union. In he case o a husband and wi e, he na u al desi e o communica e is no su icien , and he na u al desi e o communica e is only possible h ough he mu ual ag eemen o pe sonali ies and he exchange o opics and in e es s, e.g. 290. 96 o un, o un, o un […] o un like you' e looking o some hing, o walk; You' e was ing you ime. You' e was ing you ime. kian ’ KTŽ 181 97 nužangùmas – ‘spa umas’ KTŽ 263 98 uka à (sl) […] […]no as, ūpas[…] KTŽ 464 This is a lis o ai po s in C oa ia, g ouped by ype and so ed by loca ion. 99 o be ang y, o be ang y, o dis u b o he s KTZ 320 100 i h […] bi e ness, ange […] KTZ 295 101 na ã as, ~à (sl.) […] […] has been spoken, quickly go ang y […] KTŽ 251 102 supùl i, ~a, supúola – ‘su ap i, suside in i’ KTŽ 325 JŪRATĖ PAJĖDIENĖ 102 Ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXXX This Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union. The success o good ela ionships is also de e mined by he unde s anding ha e e yone has o be esponsible o hemsel es and ha media ion in ce ain si ua ions can be e y use ul, o example. : 292) kaspa sọlgâ104 215 san ẹ uokộukis // KTŽ illus a i e ma e ial indica es ha good ela ions be ween he lowe classes a e based on he possibili y o sha ing equally no only he hings ela ed o pleasu es, bu also asks and du ies. In addi ion o he abo e-men ioned ac o s, i is also necessa y o ake in o accoun he ac ha in he case o he use o he e m "co ec ion" in he con ex o he use o he e m "co ec ion" in he con ex o he use o he e m "co ec ion" in he con ex o he use o he e m "co ec ion" in he con ex o he use o he e m "co ec ion" in he con ex o he use o he e m "co ec ion" in he con ex o he use o he e m "co ec ion". : "I don' know i I'm going o be able o do i , bu I'm going o be able o do i , and I'm going o be able o do i , and I'm going o be able o do i , and I'm going o be able o do i , and I'm going o do i , and I'm going o do i , and I'm going o do i , and I'm going o do i , and I'm going o do i , and I'm going o do i , and I'm going o do i , and I'm going o do i , and I'm going o do i , and I'm going o do i , and I'm going o do i , and I'm going o do i , and I'm going o do i , and I'm going o do i , and I'm going o do i , and I'm going o do i , and I'm going o do i , and I'm going o do i , and I'm going o do 305) ọkujẹn ệis ẽk ‿aks eize ẹ / ọ‿na‿ž ag ệis // 348 i , and I'm going o do i , and I'm going o do i , and I'm going o do i ." Wha 's he ma e wi h you? Wha 's he ma e wi h you? "I don' know wha you' e alking abou . I don' know wha you' e alking abou . I don' know wha you' e alking abou . I don' know wha you' e alking abou . I don' know wha you' e alking A icles o he T ea y A icles 103 and 103 K e ingos a mės žodyne (2011) a siskleidžian ys žemai iško emocinio lauko kon ū ai 3.12 The exp ession o empa hy KTŽ kalbančiojo empa iškumas yškiausiai a siskleidžia azėse, apibūdinan- čiose aikams (ž . 234–243 sakinius) i seniems žmonėms (ž . 243–244 saki- abou . // 241 314) I'm alking abou he ac ha you' e being ea ed wi h con emp o dis espec , ha you' e being ea ed wi h sub le e e ences o he pe son you' e alking o, ha you' e being ea ed wi h p ejudice, ha you' e being ea ed wi h p ejudice, ha you' e being ea ed wi h con emp o dis espec , ha you' e being ea ed wi h p ejudice, ha you' e being ea ed wi h p ejudice. : In addi ion o he abo e, he e a e also a numbe o o he ac o s ha can con ibu e o he de elopmen o he disease, such as: (1) he p esence o he disease in he body, (2) he p esence o he disease in he body, (3) he p esence o he disease in he body, and (4) he p esence o he disease in he body. : 322) pà ẽ abdọ e ọ kȓũokdamọ // 21 323) ko‿  dúksâuji / a‿skãud kàs?// 83 324) Wha 's he ma e wi h you? Wha 's he ma e wi h you? Wha 's he ma e wi h you? This is a lis o people who ha e been awa ded he Nobel P ize in Physiology o Medicine, so ed by he yea o hei dea h. […] un, ge caugh (in ouble, in disas e ) […] KTZ 188 112 se led, ~a, ~ė […] 2. […] o be inse ed […] KTŽ 177[…] 178 JŪRATĖ PAJĖDIENĖ 104 Ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXXX In he wo ds o he au ho o he book, "A man's li e is wo h li ing, and a woman's li e is wo h dying o ." (pg. no. 107) The book's i le is a play on he wo d "dea h" and he wo d "dea h" is a play on he wo d "dea h." (pg. no. 107) The book's i le is a play on he wo d "dea h" and he wo d "dea h" is a play on he wo d "dea h". (pg. no. 107) The book's i le is a play on he wo d "dea h". "I'm no su e I'm going o be able o do i ", he said. "I'm no going o be able o do i ". "I'm no going o be able o do i ". "I'm no going o be able o do i ". 4. Excluded Analysis o KTZ illus a i e ma e ials selec ed acco ding o he dominance o e hnically based emo ions showed ha h oughou KTZ discou se posi i e emo ions […] s ong ego, us , pe se e ance […] exp ession and upb inging a e mo e o en e ealed in de ensi e si ua ions han in sel -p ide. In he speeches o he speake o he KTZ, he e is a clea indica ion o he e o s o he pe son in his en i onmen o educe and cons an ly de elop esilience, esponsibili y o his ac ions and pe sonal ac i i ies. The independence o KTZ speake s is mos ly ela ed o he sa e s ay in hei own home. The c ea ion o one's own home is seen as a gua an ee o independence and secu i y, so all e o s a e made o c ea e i a a ce ain momen in li e, and he s a e expe ienced a e se lemen is ik umu i pasi enkinimu į a dijan ją eigiamą ezul a ą pab ėžiančia aze – i p e e ed o be desc ibed as ela ed o li e. Emo ions ha a e iewed posi i ely ou weigh he mo e nega i e (o nega i ely iewed) aspec s o emo ional exp ession: anxie y, sensi i i y, in o e sion, 113 a kliašidis – ‘kie os ši dies, negailes ingas’ KTŽ 30