Skolintų vardų su baigmeniu „-ij-“ kaita Lietuvos vardyne (kilmės aspektas)

232 Ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXXXIV DAIVA SINKEVIČIŪTĖ Vilniaus uni e si e as The di ec ion o scien i ic esea ch: onomas ics. This Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union. NAME o descen The end o -IJKAITA This Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on he day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union. This Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union. The De elopmen o Bo owed Names Ending in -ijin Li huanian (O igin) This Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal. The a icle examines bo owed names wi h he ending -in en o y in e ms o hei o igin. La in and G eek pe sonal names domina e he lis o su names, wi h he mos ac i e su name being Kai o. O he bo owed su names wi h he su ix -ijno s we e also a ied, bu did no include la ge pa s o he su name. The pe iod o libe a ed Li huania s ood ou om all pe iods, when he g ea es di e si y o su names was o med and he in luence o he Russian language on he su name began o dec ease. Based on he changes o bo owed names wi h he ending -ijin en o iaus, dis inguished p elimina y Li huanian XXXXI a. signs o a change in he bo owe 's su name. ESMINIAI WORDS: Li huanian su names, pe sonal names, bo owed su names, su names wi h an ending - in he ashion o names. ANNOTATION The a icle deals wi h he in en o y o Li huanian bo owed names ending in -ij om he poin o iew o hei o igin. Names o La in and G eek o igin clea ly p edomina e. we e a he a ied, bu hey did They had a majo impac on he Li huanian s ock o p ope names. Names o o he o igins no make a la ge pa o he o al o p ope names. The pe iod leading o he independence o Li huania clea ly s ands ou as he one wi h 1 S aipsnis p epa ed acco ding o he VLKK p ojec "Li huanian ci izens' su names wi h he su ix -ij-: bo owing and lending polinkiai", No K-5/2018. A icles by A icles 233 Skolin ų a dų su baigmeniu -ij- kai a Lie u os a dyne (kilmės aspek as) he g ea e a ie y o names. In addi ion, Russian in luence dec eased. The changes in he in en o y o bo owed names ending in -ij allow us o p elimina ily highligh he main ea u es o he de elopmen o Li huanian bo owed names du ing he 20 h and 21s cen u ies. KEYWORDS: Li huanian names, pe sonal names, bo owed names, names ending in -ij-, name ends. The Commission shall be empowe ed o adop delega ed ac s in acco dance wi h A icle 26 o supplemen his Regula ion by laying down de ailed ules o he applica ion o his Regula ion. The su name o he ci izens o he Republic o Li huania (Li huania) consis s o pe sonal names o a ious o igins. In addi ion o he wo-wo d su names o inių a dų, plečiamų p iesagomis, aikams duodami skolin i asmen a džiai, bei ku iami nauji a dai, pe di bus a ojamus onimus a pasi elkus apelia y us. hei o igin, hei abb e ia ions and appella ions, hese a ie ies a e dis inguished by bo owed su names wi h he su ix -ij-, plg. a d. Eugenijus, So ija, a g oup o common names in Li huania: 435 emale and 312 male su names (wi h epea ing […] 214544 emale and 90996 male names) a e de i ed om o he languages. Bo owed su names wi h he su ix -ij unc ioning in he XX[…]XXI cen u y. Li huanian su names nex o su names o a ious o igins wi h he su ix -ij, plg. a d. Vilija […] Vilija up., Venecija […] Venecija ms ., Ža ija […] ža ija, Idilija […] idilija, and a iously known as edinių, plg. a d. I is also known as he "Gab iel" o he "Gab iel". This is e idenced no only by he di e si y o su names unde his s uc u e, bu also by he in eg a ion o bo owed pe sonal names, which has esul ed in he ending -ij apo o ming new su names (Sinke ičiū ė 2018: 248)2. Due o he sp ead and in luence o new nouns, bo owed pe sonal names wi h he su ix -ij ha e been chosen as he subjec o analysis. The aim o hei s udy was o es ablish he o igin o he names ha make up he name b and unde analysis, as well as hei in en o y and he su names ha mos a ec ed he name b and o hei g oup. In o de o achie e his goal, he asks a e: 1. o dis inguish he la ges g oups o non- ecu ing names by o igin and o add ess he disappea ance o names in hem; 2. ind he mos widesp ead g oups o ecu en names by o igin, iden i y hei mos equen membe s and e iew hei cha ac e is ics o change; 3. o dis inguish speci ic o ms o su names and o assess hei in luence on name changes. Acco ding o he damage ha occu ed o he bo owed names wi h he ending -ijin en o y, i was desi ed o highligh he possible sys ema ic changes in he name o he Li huanian bo owe in he XX[…]XXI cen u y. 2 The new name o m became -ijy a and he La ian name, see This Decision shall en e in o o ce on he day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union. DAIVA SINKEVIČIŪTĖ 234 Ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXXXIV This Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union. COMPRACE and TIRING o he objec Delayed Li huanian and o eign ci izens o he Republic o Li huania a e in es iga ed, plg. a d. Vi aly, Vi ginijus, and he Kiliana ians, please. Ada, Ma ia, Au elijus, Jonas, hese a e you names. Thei da a a e coun ed oge he , wi h he addi ion o he same pe sonal names o he singula names om he numbe o singula names. De ailed s a is ics can be ound on he websi e a dai. lkk.l . Names collec ed om he Regis e o Names o Ci izens o he Republic o Li huania, ecei ed om he Gy en ojų egis o a nyba in 2006 h ough he S a e Li huanian Language Commission, and illed un il 2018 (exclusi ely). No all pe sonal names a e included in he s udy, because he collec ion o names om he 20 h and 21s cen u ies does no include he names o deceased people. The e o e, su names do no indica e quan i a i e s a is ics, al hough hei equency e lec s he popula i y o su names. Full- ime ([…]VL) su names a e pe sonal names, gi en o no kams nuo XX a. p adžios iki 2018 m. (im inai). Taip pa išski i a dai, ku iais pa adin a: Du ing he pe iod o independence o Li huania (la e […] NLL); i.e. he names gi en in 1918-1939 when Li huania was independen , and he names gi en ea lie han 1918 and 1940-1943 a e conside ed pe sonal names o he ansi ional pe iods. Du ing he So ie pe iod (senio […] SL); i.e. he names gi en in 1944-1985 when Li huania was occupied by he So ie Union, apa om he names gi en in 1986-1989 when he spi i o independence domina ed Li huania, since such a So ie concep is in he wo ks o his o ians, see. Swedish (2009). Released du ing he Li huanian pe iod (la e […] ILL); These a e he names gi en in 1990[…]2018 when Li huania became independen and, as men ioned, he names o he ea lie pe iod […] 1986[…]1989[…] a e included. The pe iods a e designed in o de o e eal he cha ac e is ics o he names o he 20 h and 21s cen u ies and conside ing ha he change o he name depends on he de elopmen o socie y, cul u e and poli ics, which is also in luenced by o he easons - eligion, na ionali y, kinship, social class (Ge ha ds 2010). Name changes a e in es iga ed by analyzing he pe cen age o g oups o o igin o indi idual and ecu en pe sonal names and hei e ec s o e sepa a e pe iods. The aim was o show i s di e si y and he ways in which names a e gi en in he con ex o he uni e se o names being s udied. 3 Du ing he same pe iod, Li huanian na u al names and diminu i e adjec i es - u ediniai we e (Sinke ičiū ė 2018; 2020) This Decision is add essed o he Membe S a es. A icles by A icles 235 Skolin ų a dų su baigmeniu -ij- kai a Lie u os a dyne (kilmės aspek as) The objec o he s udy […] bo owed names wi h he su ix -ij-, bo owed om o he languages and applied o he Li huanian su name: has o ms co esponding o he Li huanian language sys em, plg. a d. Au elija, Lijus, Remigijus, Rija. Wha a e you doing he e? Due o he o m and o igin o he a ian s o he names analyzed oge he , he abb e ia ions wi h he su ix -ij- appea ed in an a e ezes way, see a d. I 's called Licia. I 's called Felicia. I 's called Na olius. The o igin o Skolin ų su names has been es ablished and published by LVKŽ on he websi e a dai. lkk.l , so i has no been epea ed, excep in isola ed cases. The in en o y consis ed o all he names o ci izens o he Republic o Li huania co esponding o he Li huanian language sys em, including pe sonal names gi en o ci izens o he Republic o Li huania whose na i e language is no Li huanian4. The e o e, he esul s show ha he en i e Li huanian su ey is subjec o change. Iden i ikuojan y imo objek ą p oblemiška bu o ski i p iesagų edinius, nes dalis pabaigos -ij- u inčių a dų gali bū i ne ik skolin i, be i lie u ių s udied, and adjec i es we e o med in he language. The c i e ia o hei assignmen a e he con ex o he pe sonal names chosen and, in some cases, he in luence o he language om which he name may ha e been de i ed. Based on ha , he names ha exis nex o he names ha ha e pe sonal names a e conside ed okį pa į kamieną su ki u baigmeniu, o Lie u oje papli ę jų pama u galin ys bū i Vedic. Fo his eason, he Vedic conside a ions, e.g. a d. Al onsija, because in Li huania hey gi e a d. Al onsus, Al onsa, Al onsė, also Al onsina, al hough in F ench, a d is used in English. Alphonsia (BTN, NB), also known as a d. Al enija, because in Li huania hey gi e a d. Al is, Al a, Al ė, also Al i a, Al e a, al hough in English i is used as a d. Al enia (BTN) is he name o he coun y. I 's called Skolin a A enue. The o igin o Al onsija and Al enija is conside ed seconda y, hese names a e no included in he in en o y o names unde in es iga ion. Because o he con ex o he o ma ion, he names ha ha e been bo owed om he language in which hey o igina ed, whe he o no he e a e su names o he opposi e sex, ha e been made om he same oo name. As a esul , he bo owe is conside ed, o example, a d. Nadia, which is a Sla ic name, o med o in Russian om a d. Nadežda abb e ia ion Nadia, o bo owed om Uk ainian (T ijniak 2005: 244), al hough he Li huanian name is a d. I 's called Nada, Nadia. Bo owed names a e assigned o a d. Ma celija, made in acco dance wi h he Li huanian cus oma y law. Ma celijus, which is aken wi h a p e ix om he La in language (LVKŽ 228), al hough in Li huania i is gi en as a d. Ma cela, Ma celė, Ma celius, Ma celis, also known as Ma celina. When he name wi h he su ix -ijy a is widely used in some languages, such pe sonal names a e also conside ed as bo owed. Such is he case wi h he ou o ms o nouns ha a e no included in he in en o y o nouns in he Li huanian language, which do no ha e he usual gende -indica ing endings o le e s w i en in samples, he a ian s o nouns used in he spoken Li huanian language o hei de i a i es, excep o he ecommended adi ion o naming child en wi h pe sonal names (ž . LVKŽ). Kas ancija nex o Kons ancija, as well as local su names, plg. a d. The Caspian Sea The Caspian Sea. F om he end o he 20 h cen u y, English, I alian, see below. DAIVA SINKEVIČIŪTĖ 236 Ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXXXIV o example, a d. E ija, used in English, plg. a d. E ia (BTN, NB), I alian, also known as A d. E ia (De Felice 1996: 162), La ian, also known as E ia. E ija (Siliņš 1990: 122), and elsewhe e, al hough in Li huania i is common. I was E a. The c ea ion o such su names was conside ed seconda y, and hese su names we e s udied oge he wi h o he Dėl o skolin ų a dų su baigmeniu -ij- in en o ius y a sąlygiškas, nes dalis bo owed names. he names could ha e a isen o o he easons han hough . Al hough he e a e no accu a e 20 h-cen u y quan i a i e s a is ics o su names, he dis inc pe iods o he s udy help o highligh he polynomials o he name changes and es i y o he common cha ac e is ics o he su names o he indi idual pe iods. The name o he a m is TYRIMO BÜKL In Li huania Bo owed pe sonal names o Li huanian su names ha e no been subjec ed o consis en analysis: he e a e ew wo ks ha in es iga e a sepa a e g oup o o igin o s uc u e o bo owed names. As a esul , li le is known abou he changes in he in en o y o bo owed pe sonal names. Bo owed om o he languages, pe sonal names in Li huania we e used un il he 1387 c usade (Zinke ičius 2005; 2008: 343351), a e which hese names sp ead and es ablished hemsel es in he name. Vi alija Maciejauskienė (1991: 31-49) ound ha he o ming dual Li huanian naming sys em in he names o pe sons w i en om he 17 h cen u y, he i s membe 's posi ion was domina ed by he i s names, gene ally om he 18 h cen u y o he beginning o he 20 h cen u y, he names o child en we e used as i s names, la e as su names o e hnic Li huanians, new bo owed names, su names, ma ied and c ea ed names. F om his o ical sou ces, i can be seen ha bo owed names wi h he su ix -ijLie u oje sp ead a e bap ism and indi idual pe sonal names became popula a e Ch is iani y was es ablished. Zigmas Zinke ičius (1977: 52) ound ha a he beginning o he 17 h cen u y he e was a equen G eek a d in Vilnius. So ia and La in a d. I 's called Liucia. Acco ding o Liudą Jo aišą (2005: 147184), in Li huanian c icke me ics o he i s hal o he 17 h cen u y, he emale G eek a d was mos commonly ound. So ia, Anas asia and he La in A d. Apolonija, Liucia, Cecilia, and he names o men in indi idual egions we e mo e o en Heb ew a d. Elijah and Zecha iah. They show ha a e he bo owed pe sonal names became es ablished in women's su names, he e we e equen bo owed su names wi h he su ix -ij-, and he su name o his su ix did no sp ead in men's su names. In he 17 h cen u y, he ashion o women's names changed as e han ha o men (Zinke ičius 1977: 52[…]53), which es i ies o he uni e sali y seen in he names o o he languages, because he uni e sal male su name is mo e cons an (Al o d 1988: 150[…]155). The change o emale names is no iced om he second hal o he se en een h cen u y in Vilnius inc eased La in a enue. Cons an ia (Zinke ičius 1977: 5253), in he pa ish o Nemunaičio […] La in A enue. Rosalia (Jegele ičius 2002: 299) and he p e iously men ioned diminu i e emale name S aipsniai / A icles 237 Skolin ų a dų su baigmeniu -ij- kai a Lie u os a dyne (kilmės aspek as) he popula i y. Thus, in he second hal o he 17 h cen u y, bo owed male names wi h he su ix -ijišliko we e a e han emale names, and he mos common emale names we e G eek and La in bo owed pe sonal names. The equency o Li huanian su names has no been s udied. I was es ablished ha a he end o he wen ie h cen u y […] in he wen y- i s cen u y, he a d. Vic o ia, Emilia (Sinke ičiū ė 2012; 2014a), and he bo owed names o newbo n boys wi h he su ix -ijnė a išpli ė (Sinke ičiū ė 2012; 2014). This indica es ha in Li huania and in la e cen u ies he e a e popula ly bo owed emale names wi h he su ix -ij-, mos ly La in and G eek pe sonal names, while he equency o male names, as be o e, is somewha di e en om Heb ew bo owed pe sonal names wi h he su ix -ij-. In he s udy o Li huanian bo owed names, a en ion is paid o common pe sonal names wi h he su ix -ij-. One o hem is a d. Ma ia, whose use o Wes e n and Byzan ine cul u e, a i al in Li huania, o igin and a ian s in Li huanian languages was discussed by An anas Salys (1983: 101[…]104)6. The o igin o he names is p esen ed in he LVKZ, whe e he spelling a ian s a e also gi en, and he pe sonal names om he LVKZ ha e become names wi h a ecommenda ion o use he adi ion. Zinke ičius (2008: 352-483) also submi ed pa o he bo owed names wi h he a jų umpinių, a ian ų. Taigi skolin ų a dų su baigmeniu -ij- in en o ius y a su ix -ijkilmę7, and he o igin o all he bo owed names gi en o child en in he 20 h and 21s cen u ies is indica ed on he websi e a dai. lkk.l , whe e i is iden i ied. I should be added ha be ween he 20 h and 21s cen u ies, he names we e eko i skolin ų asmen a džių su baigmeniu -ij-. LVKŽ pa eik i neišpli ę, pa yz- alued om he poin o iew o language cul u e. Hono ijus, As e ija, conside ed o eign o he Li huanian language (Maciejauskienė 1989: 83). Jon Klima ich (2004: 1625) ound ha he iden i ica ion name does no ha e unc ions, o example, a d. Ad ia, Sidonia, Amelia, and Li ius. The commen s o such esea che s es i y o he e o s o p o ec Li huanian su names om he niu -ij- nė a išpli ę i dėl o a odo neįp as i. Taigi skolin ų a dų su baigmeniu -ij- in en o ius nus a y as, no s i as ne- in luence o o he language names. On he o he hand, such an e alua ion o hem shows ha pa o he pe sonal names wi h an ending. Since he adop ion o Ch is iani y in Li huania, he names o his e m ha e become mo e cha ac e is ic o women's su names. No wegian pe sonal names changed, bu he mos common emale names we e G eek, La in, and he mos common male names we e Heb ew. 6 Salys (1983: 81[…]86) p esen ed by a d. Yu i, Li huanians a e used o a d. Ju gis a ian , w i ing polinkius, discussing he o igin and his o y o i s sp ead in o he languages. As well as in he a d. quo ed by Salio (1983: 118[…]122). Mo iejus is men ioned in he desc ip ion since he end o he 20 h cen u y in Li huania, i s a ian Ma ijas, Ma ijus. 7 Paminėjo i iš jų a si adusias pa a des, be jos Lie u os a dyne nė a dažnos. DAIVA SINKEVIČIŪTĖ 238 Ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXXXIV This Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union. SELECT NAMES wi h he su ix -IJ- The PAGAL KILM Bo owed names wi h an ending in -ijy a ha e o med in a ious languages. G eek and La in pe sonal names wi h he su ix -ij-, pa o which sp ead in Li huania om he 17 h cen u y, o med he appeal o hese languages wi h he ex ended p e ix lo . -ius, g . -ios, among o he s, which had a pa onymic unc ion and en e ed he composi ion o he compound p onouns wi h which pe sonal names a e o med (Leumann 1977: 288302; Weiss 2009: 274278). Such s uc u es a e common in all Eu opean su names in he ac i e Romanian su name (Salway 1994: 136137), and acco ding o hem, o he names a e La inized by adding he su ix -ius (Go schald 1982: 6163). Un il he middle o he 20 h cen u y, many Li huanian loanwo ds wi h he su ix -ijpe im i we e bo owed om neighbo ing wes e n and eas e n Sla s, whe e di e en names o sain s we e es ablished a e he sepa a ion o he Ca holic and O hodox eligions, and hei une en o ms se led due o he de elopmen o he language and he adi ion o use o he o ms (Bi yla 1966; Malec 1994; Sledniko 2013: 266[…]267; Leib ing 2016: 204). Many Li huanian Ch is ian pe sonal name o ms a e de i ed om Polish su names, whe e bo owed names wi h -ius ha e unde gone many changes (Malec 1994: 68[…]71; wi h li e a u e). Because o his, Polish, as well as Li huanian, o ms o Ch is ian names di e om o he language o ms o names. Pe sonal names wi h he ending -ijdažni in Russian, Bulga ian, and o he Eas Sla ic languages, and emale and male names di e only in he ending (Bi yla 1966: 324; Suslo a, Supe anskaja 1991: 11, 100). A e adding he -ij us e minology o he Russian language, new names we e added, which sp ead o o he languages. I is di icul o dis inguish hese names om p eposi ions o nouns, p onouns wi h he su ix -ij, bo owed om o he languages, e.g. susida iusių lie u ių kalboje (ž . anksčiau). Lie u oje papli ę i daugiau skolin ų a d. Mija, Ma ija, Sandija, Tobijas, which indica es he a ie y o he su name. Some o he newly bo owed names wi h he su ix -ij ha e been used in Li huania since he end o he 20 h cen u y, as he in luence o he media has inc eased8 and pe sonal names ha e been bo owed mo e in ensi ely di ec ly om o he languages, mos ly om English (Ge ha ds, Hackenb och 2000: 518 […] 520). Al hough child en a e o en called by he i s names o ela i es, iends, o impo an people, hei names a e also sough in books and online lis ings o names (Bloun 2015: 621[…]623). As a esul , he numbe o newly bo owed names is inc easing. Such change is a common phenomenon because he es lexicon is mo e easily ans e ed om one language o ano he han he common lexicon (Ainiala, Saa elma, Sjöblom 2016: 136137). Bo owed su names wi h he su ix -ijbu o we e g ouped and dis inguished om La in ones, e.g. a d. Remigijus, Vi ginija, G eek, please. This is A d. Egidijus, S e anija, heb ajiškos, plg. 8 No only do new names sp ead h ough he media, bu hey also in luence he indi idualiza ion o he associa ions o names acqui ed by he pa en s o c ea e s e eo ypes o names in socie y (Vandebosch 1998: 244 […] 247). A icles by A icles 239 Skolin ų a dų su baigmeniu -ij- kai a Lie u os a dyne (kilmės aspek as) he ollowing pa ag aph is inse ed: Solomon, Zacha ias, Ge man, please. Amelia, O ilus, Sla ic, plg. o he cou . Nadia, Radijus, Romaniškos, plg. A d. This is he i s ime I' e hea d o his. Alicia, Xa ie , om he Eas e n languages, plg. a d. Sandijus, Va akija, explana ions o di e en o igins, see also a d. A ijus, O olija, and o he g oups o su names o o igin. These g oups we e assigned by he a o emen ioned abb e ia ion o he names o o igin, plg. a d. Femija < Eu emia, o sho e a ian s o he names, plg. a d. Nas asija < Anas asija, wi h he ending -ij-. Pa o wo names wi h explana ions o o igin, which a e also sho ened pe sonal names o some people, o med due o he sp ead o he bo owed name wi h he su ix -ij-, plg. a d. Ma ija < Ma ijona, assigned o he la e g oup o o igin only, because he second o igin implies he popula i y o he name. G oups o La in, G eek, Heb ew, Ge manic and Sla ic names a e also commonly assigned in he wo ks o o he esea che s due o hei la ge p opo ion and in luence on he Li huanian su name (LVKŽ; Zinke ičius 2008: 343483). O he dis inc g oups we e o med acco ding o he polynomials o he names being s udied. The pe sonal names o med in he Romance languages, which all in o he common bo owing g oup o names (LVKŽ; Zinke ičius 2008: 480483), ha e been chosen o be sepa a ed in o one g oup, because he names a e linked by language kinship, and hey a e inc easingly ound in he su names o Li huanians (Sinke ičiū ė, G iniū ė 2014), as well as o he Eu opean languages, such as Ge man (Ge ha ds 2010: 130146). When s udying bo owed pe sonal names wi h an ending in -ij as i om I alian, plg. a d. O nelija, Salesian, Spanish, please. Xa ie , Nu ija9, F ench, plg. o he cou . Į ieną g upę išski i Ry ų kul ū os šalyse susida ę onimai, yškinan olimą jų susida ymo a ealą. Pagal Lie u oje papli usius asmen a džius, ši g upė api- Alicijus, Aliodija, and he Po uguese, plg. a d. Roma ija, he o igin o he name in languages. I 's no A abic, please. Razia, I anian (Pe sian), please. Da ija, Da ijus, and he Indian, plg. a d. P ija, Sandijus, he su names o o igin. The majo i y o ecu ing names in his g oup (93.4% emale and 99.8% male) a e a d. Da ya, which indica es he pe iphe al na u e o o he names and he in luence o G eek on he su name. The e a e also sepa a e su names wi h se e al, usually […] wo, simila o igins. In his way, i was sough o highligh he size o he pa o he su names o he ew illages in he name. G oups o VL, NLL, SL and ILL o women's (len elėse M) and men's (len elėse V) pe sonal names, i s indi idual uni s, b acke s wi h epea ing names, he pe iods o he igu es examined a e gi en in able 1. only he g aph om each pe iod is used o indica e he numbe o names and hei pa s. 9 Fo jos ma y i p ocen inės ski ingos kilmės asmen a džių dalys, pi ma nu odžius a ski ų iene ų, skliaus uose – su pasika ojančiais a dais dalis. Pasku inė e - su names o Spanish o igin in he su names o ci izens o he Republic o Spain, see The Commission shall be empowe ed o adop delega ed ac s in acco dance wi h A icle 26 o supplemen his Regula ion by laying down de ailed ules o he applica ion o his Regula ion. 10 h o Augus . Da ius, om which he eminine o m o he name Da iya is de i ed, is bo owed om Pe sian in o G eek, om which, along wi h o he G eek names, i sp ead o o he languages (BTN). DAIVA SINKEVIČIŪTĖ 240 Ac o Linguis ic Li huanian LXXXIV 1 LEN o he EL. School su names wi h an ending - g oups o indigenous o igin Names by o igin Li huanian Lo yniški su names G eek names Heb ew names Ge manic names Sla ic names Romaniz- ed names Names o eas e n languages Di e en kinds o su names Su names o all Ki os kil- NLL names M 97 (24577) 35,8 % (36,2 %) 114 (28439) 42,1 % (41,8 %) 10 (13279) 3,7 % (19,5 %) 5 (538) 1,8 % (0,8 %) 7 (36) 2,6 % (0,1 %) 5 (871) 1,8 % (1,3 %) 12 (66) 4,4 % (0,1 %) 20 (154) 7,4 % (0,2 %) 1 (2) 0,4 % (0 %) 271 (67962) 100 % V 55 (977) 32,7 % (26,5 %) 82 (2639) 48,8 % (71,6 %) 15 (49) 8,9 % (1,3 %) 3 (3) 1,8 % (0,1 %) 5 (7) 3 % (0,2 %) 1 (2) 0,6 % (0,05 %) 1 (2) 0,6 % (0,05 %) 6 (7) 3,6 % (0,2 %) 0168 (3686) 100 % SL names M 101 (52582) 36,1 % (66,2 %) 110 (14521) 39,3 % (18,3 %) 5 (10611) 1,8 % (13,3 %) 6 (433) 2,1 % (0,5 %) 4 (50) 1,4 % (0,1 %) 7 (832) 2,5 % (1 %) 21 (141) 7,5 % (0,2 %) 22 (292) 7,9 % (0,4 %) 4 (5) 1,4 % (0) 280 (79467) 100 % V 72 (30781) 36,7 % (48,9 %) 89 (31608) 45,4 % (50,2 %) 10 (24) 5,1 % (0 %) 2 (22) 1 % (0 %) 4 (18) 2 % (0 %) 3 (3) 1,5 % (0 %) 1 (293) 0,5 % (0,5 %) 12 (235) 6,1 % (0,4 %) 3 (20) 1,5 % (0 %) 196 (63004) 100 % ILL names M 85 (45786) 36,2 % (68,3 %) 71 (7198) 30,2 % (10,7 %) 15 (6240) 6,4 % (9,3 %) 9 (2778) 3,8 % (4,2 %) 2 (13) 0,9 % (0 %) 11 (293) 4,7 % (0,4 %) 13 (1085) 5,5 % (1,6 %) 23 (3714) 9,8 % (5,5 %) 6 (8) 2,5 % (0 %) 235 (67115) 100 % V 72 (12595) 45,6 % (51,8 %) 42 (7469) 26,5 % (30,7 %) 12 (125) 7,6 % (0,5 %) 4 (22) 2,5 % (0,1 %) 0 3 (6) 1,9 % (0 %) 2 (226) 1,3 % (0,9 %) 21 (3852) 13,3 % (15,9 %) 2 (11) 1,3 % (0,1 %) 158 (24306) 100 % VL names M 144 (122945) 33,1 % (57,3 %) 166 (50158) 38,2 % (23,4 %) 18 (30130) 4,1 % (14 %) 10 (3749) 2,3 % (1,8 %) 9 (99) 2 % (0,1 %) 13 (1996) 3 % (0,9 %) 32 (1292) 7,4 % (0,6 %) 33 (4160) 7,6 % (1,9 %) 10 (15) 2,3 % (0 %) 435 (214544) 100 % V 109 (44353) 34,9 % (48,8 %) 130 (41716) 41,7 % (45,8 %) 25 (198) 8,1 % (0,2 %) 6 (47) 1,9 % (0,1 %) 6 (25) 1,9 % (0 %) 5 (11) 1,6 % (0 %) 2 (521) 0,6 % (0,6 %) 26 (4094) 8,3 % (4,5 %) 3 (31) 1 % (0 %) 312 (90996) 100 % A icles and a icles 247 Skolin ų a dų su baigmeniu -ij- kai a Lie u os a dyne (kilmės aspek as) 2 The las g aph in he able shows ha non- ecu ing speci ic o ms o su names make up mo e han a hi d o VL su names […] 37.7% o emale and 37.5% o male su names wi h he su ix -ij. The sha e o NLL names in Li huania was he la ges , while SL and especially ILL […] dec eased, mo e in ensely in men's names. Mos o he un epea ed pe sonal names a e speci ic o ms bo owed om Russian: in he VL hey make up 70.1 pe cen o women's and 87.2 pe cen o men's o ms o he names in ques ion. These su names we e educed o SL and ILL; Al hough a la ge p opo ion o such names a e gi en o ci izens whose mo he ongue is no Li huanian14, his end indica es ha he numbe o speci ic Russian-language su names wi h a g adual -L a ia ion is dec easing in Li huania. The size o emale names di e s om ha o English, I alian, and I alian-language su names, which inc eased in SL and especially ILL, bu he numbe o non-cu en su names om o he languages ne e ma ched he di e si y o he speci ic su names om Russian. Recu en speci ic o ms o su names accoun ed o a small p opo ion o all bo owing su names wi h he su ix -ijdal, accoun ing o 4.3% o emale su names and 9.3% o male su names (see able 2). In women's su names, compa ed o NLL, hei sha e dec eased o SL, and la e inc eased o ILL. In men's su names, hese pe sonal names NLL, when bo owed su names wi h he su ix -ijbu o we e a e, accoun ed o 36%, and la e hei sha e dec eased. Thus, he speci ic o ms o names did no ha e a s ong quan i a i e in luence on he bo owed pe sonal names wi h he su ix -ijkai ai. The mos equen ly used pe sonal names a e he speci ic Russian language o ms, domina ed by VL: i co e s 92.5 pe cen o women's names and 98.8 pe cen o men's names. The size o he women's g oup NLL was aken o e by a d. He is also known as Ye geniy 668, Anas asia 546, Kla diya 530, Ye dokiya 526, Taisia 206, Je osinia 151, Aga iya 148, Feodosiya 136. SL he pa o he names o his g oup dec eased, plg. a d. Kla dija 231, Je dokija 109, Taisija 94 a e he mos common, and he mos widesp ead a d. E genia, 864; Anas asia, 548; he numbe has inc eased s eadily. ILL's sha e o hese names con inued o decline and he size o he g oup emained due o he p oli e a ion o a d. Anas asia is 22 yea s old. E genia is 293 and Taisia is 152. NLL bo owed male names wi h he su ix -ijbu o a ely (see able 1), bu mos o hem we e de i ed om he Russian language o ansla e a d. Basil was 365, Yu i was 183, G ego y was 179, Ye geny was 174, Dmi y was 80. A e he sp ead o SL o bo owed names wi h he su ix -ij-, he o m bo owed om he Russian language emained he mos common in he g oup o speci ic su name o ms, ising o a d. He was he son o Yu i 2657, Ye geny 1240, Vasiliy 860, Dmi y 707, G igo y 349, and Dmi y 155 in popula i y. The p opo ion o hese su names has dec eased, al hough 14 such polynomials indica e he su names o ci izens o he i s hal and middle o he 20 h cen u y, when he egis a ion o child en indica ed hei na ionali y, usually […] Russian, Russian, and la e he indica ion o na ionali y became op ional. DAIVA SINKEVIČIŪTĖ 248 Ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXXXIV šios g upės a dai i oliau domina o dėl a d. Dmi ijus 252, Je genijus 238, The equency o Ju ij is 151. Thus, he speci ic epea ing o ms o names aken om he Russian language VL made up he majo i y o he exclusi e names, al hough some o hem dec eased om SL. Thei change indica es ha Li huanian owels a e weak in speci ic names bo owed om Russian wi h a ba hing -ijį aka, as well as in Li huanian owels. The change in hese names also shows ha as he popula i y o pe sonal names dec eases and new names a e no added, he size o he g oup depends on he equency o he indi idual names, which is highligh ed by he a d. Anas asia is an ILL case. A small pe cen age o he names ha a e epea ed we e aken om o he languages a he han om he Russians - 7.5 pe cen o women's names and 1.2 pe cen o men's names. In he US, his g oup o su names does no include mo e han 2 pe cen o emale su names and 1 pe cen o male su names. The SL sha e o women's su names has inc eased as English has become mo e common, e.g. a d. Kamilija 11, I alian, please. E minia 13, and possibly di e en , plg. a d. Sa e in 21 is he name o he game. The men's names SL we e a e han he women's names, some o which di e ed om he I alian-language names because o he a d. E minia is 13 yea s old, El i a is 11. ILL women's su name con inued o inc ease om English, plg. a d. Kamilija 208, E ija 137, Alisija 43, dalis, plg. a d. El ijus 20, O ijus 18. Tai odo, kad mo e ų a dyne nuo SL, y- I alian, also known as A d. El ia, 30, Giulia, 10, pa o he speci ic o ms o he names adop ed by he languages. The masculine name ILL has also g own om glų, i alų, y ų – iš i alų kalbų pe im ų a dų dažnumui. he I alian o m o he su name […] om ILL mo e and mo e equen ly occu s in he non-Russian o m o he speci ic su name. The la ges pa o he su name i co e s is ILL, he emale su name inc eased om anTaigi om o he languages adop ed speci ic o ms al hough hey di e ed in di e si y, co e ing almos a hi d o he bo owed names wi h a g adual -ijin en o y, bu he e a dyne nuo SL, y ų – nuo ILL daugėjo ne iš usų kalbos pe im ų speci inių a dų o mų, ku ių į ai o ė didžiausia bu o ILL, išpli us mo e ų iš anglų, i alų, we e ew […] o med by ecu ing su names. Among he bo owed names wi h a ba h menu -ij-, sepa a e uni s and epea ing names, he mos common a e speci ic o ms bo owed om he Russian language, he pa s o which ha e dec eased o e ime. Female-male […] om I alian o ms, al hough hey we e no common. Since he end o he wen ie h cen u y, as he numbe o su names de i ed om English and I alian has inc eased, he Li huanian su name has become simila o he su names o o he Eu opean peoples (Wol sohn 2000: 28-30). The Appendices Acco ding o he s udy o bo owed su names wi h he su ix -ijin en o y, i has been ound ha hei oo consis s o La in and G eek pe sonal names, mo e di e se and common han he su names o o he g oups o o igin. The A icles and a icles 249 Skolin ų a dų su baigmeniu -ij- kai a Lie u os a dyne (kilmės aspek as) equency o La in and G eek names is highe han hei di e si y. I is belie ed ha he names o his o igin may domina e all Li huanian loan names, and he mos common pe sonal names o hese g oups mos o en ac ed as new names wi h he su ix -ijsusida imą. In he wen y- i s cen u y, pa s o La in and G eek names inc eased and dec eased. The pa o La in su names ha a e isola ed g ew g adually, while he pa o su names ha a e epea edly o his o igin inc eased he mos in he SL and la e g ew less s ongly. The p opo ion o sepa a e G eek names has appa en ly dec eased in he ILL, al hough epea ed G eek names om SL co e less and less o he su name, and his p ocess con inues in he ILL. This change indica es ha he i s dec eases he equency o popula names, la e dec eases hei di e si y, and he changes ha began in SL a e mo e p onounced in he smalle in en o y. Such changes may also be cha ac e is ic o he en i e Li huanian su name. The inc ease in he numbe o epea ed La in names in he VL indica es hei impo ance in Li huanian, especially women's, names. The g ea di e si y o names gi en by he NLL, he es ablished adi ions o hei use, he main ained, luc ua ing o e u ning popula i y, plg. a d. Vic o ia, a e he main easons why La in pe sonal names a e he mos common Li huanian bo owed names wi h a inal -ijin in en o y. O he names, sepa a e uni s, g oups a e smalle , and he g ea es di e si y o hese is in g oups o Heb ew, Djibou ian, and women's names de i ed om Eas e n languages. Since he di e si y o su names in many g oups inc eased mos ma kedly in he ILL, his may be a sys ema ic exp ession o he Li huanian su name, a eason o dis ibu e su names wi h he su ix -ij-. The pe iphe al na u e o smalle g oups o names became appa en a e he čius asmen a džius, nes išsky us mo e ų heb ajiškus a dus dėl a d. Ma ija inclusion o ecu ing popula i y, while o he names co e a small pa o ecu ing names. Thus, many g oups o su names o o he o igins a e made up o uncommon pe sonal names, and common su names o o he o igins han La in o G eek a e singula cases, which may be cha ac e is ic o all Li huanian su names. The a ia ion o he pa s o g oups o less equen names e ealed ha he popula i y o indi idual names depends on he pa o hei g oup o names. Speci ic o ms o su names om o he languages co e almos a hi d o un epea ed su names, bu he e is no equen and conside ed su name pe iphe y. F om hem, i can be seen ha in o he languages he names ha e aken ano he o m, excep o he a d, which is mo e ypical o non-Li huanians. Anas asija, names wi h a cen u ies-old adi ion o use in Li huania ha e no sp ead mo e widely, and his may be cha ac e is ic o o he g oups o pe sonal names. Among he speci ic o ms bo owed om o he languages, he o ms bo owed om Russian domina e. O e ime, hei numbe s dec eased, al hough speci ic o ms we e adop ed om o he languages, mos o en ILL, sp ead om English, I alian, men […] om I alian kalbų pe im iems onimams, nebu o i in dažnos. Jų kai a a spindi didėjančią DAIVA SINKEVIČIŪTĖ 250 Ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXXXIV di e si y o names ILL and shows ha since he end o he 20 h cen u y Li huanian su names ha e been mos in luenced by English, I alian names, al hough hei e ec is no compa able o he in luence o names de i ed om Russian. LITERATŪRA Ainiala Te hi, Saa elma Mina, Sjöblom Paula 2016: Names in Focus. S udia Fennica Linguis ica 17, Helsinki: Finnish Li e a u e Socie y. DOI: 10.21435/s lin.17. Al o d Richa d D. 1988: Naming and Iden i y. A C oss-Cul u al S udy o Pe sonal Naming P ac ices, New Ha en, Connec icu : HRAF. Balode Laimu e, Plēsuma Ie a 2015: Re ie pe son ā di La ijā ešās ūks oš- gades sākumā. – Onomas ica Le ica, 4. laidiens, Rīga: LU La iešu alodas ins i ū s, 220–251. Bi yla 1966 – Бiрыла Мiкалай В. 1966: Беларуская антрапанiмiя, Miск: Навука i тэхнiка. Bloun Benjamin 2015: Pe sonal Names. – The Ox o d Handbook o he Wo d, J. R. Taylo (ed.), Ox o d Uni e si y P ess: Ox o d, 616–633. DOI: 10.1093/ ox o dhb/9780199641604.013.011. BTN – Behind he name [in e ne o s e ainė]: [ he e ymology and his o y o i s names]. P ieiga in e ne e: h ps://www.behind hename.com/ op/ [žiū ė a 2020-11-15]. Bush S ephen J. 2020: Ambi alence, A oidance, and Appeal: Alli e a i e Aspec s o Anglo An h oponyms. Names 68(3), 141–155. DOI: 10.1080/00277738.2020.1775471. De Felice Emidio 1996: Diziona io dei nomi i aliani, Moncalie i, To ino: Pozzo G os Mon i S. p. A. Ge ha ds Jü gen 2010: Die Mode ne und ih e Vo namen. Eine Einladung in die Kul u soziologie, 2 Au lage, Wiesbaden: VS Ve lag ü Sozialwissenscha en, Sp inge Fachmedien. Ge ha ds Jü gen, Hackenb och Rol 2000: T ends and Causes o Cul u al Mode niza ion. An Empi ical S udy o Fi s Names. – In e na ional Sociology 15(3), 501–531. Go schald Max 1982: Deu sche Namenkunde. Unse e Familiennamen. Fün e e - besse e Au lage mi eine Ein üh ung in die Familiennamenkunde on Rudol Schü zeichel, Be lin, New Yo k: Wal e de G uy e . S aipsniai / A icles 251 Skolin ų a dų su baigmeniu -ij- kai a Lie u os a dyne (kilmės aspek as) Jegele ičius Sigi as 2002: Nemunai is i jo pa apija, 1 kn., Vilnius: Ka alikų akademija. Jo aiša Liudas 2005: K ikš o a dai XVII a. pi mos pusės Lie u oje. – Š en ieji y- ai, š en osios mo e ys. Š en ųjų ge bimas LDK XV–XVII a., sud. M. Paknys, Vilnius: Aidai, 147–184. Klima ičius Jonas 2004: Ta p au iniai žodžiai lie u iškoje eklamoje. – Reklamos kalba, Vilnius: Lie u ių kalbos ins i u as, 14–32. Leib ing Ka ha ina 2016: Gi en Names in Eu opean Naming Sys ems. – The Ox o d Handbook o Names and Naming, C. Hough (ed.), Ox o d Uni e si y P ess: Ox o d, 199–213. DOI: 10.1093/ox o dhb/9780199656431.013.51. Leumann Manu 1977: La einische Lau - und Fo menleh e, München: C. H. Beck’sche Ve lagsbuchhandlung. LVKŽ – Kuza inis Kazimie as, Sa ukynas B onys, Lie u ių a dų kilmės žodynas, Vilnius: Mokslo i enciklopedijų leidybos ins i u as, 2007. NB – Namebe y [in e ne o s e ainė]: [ he #1 baby name si e, by a wide ma gin]. P ieiga in e ne e: h ps://namebe y.com/popula _names [žiū ė a 2020-11-15]. Maciejauskienė Vi alija 1989: Ne isi a dai puošia a dyną. – Kalbos kul ū a 57, 82–86. Maciejauskienė Vi alija 1991: Lie u ių pa a džių susida ymas, Vilnius: Mokslas. Malec Ma ia 1994: Imiona ch ześcijańskie w ś edniowiecznej Polsce, K aków: Ins y u Języka Polskiego PAN. Salys An anas 1983: Rink iniai aš ai 2, Roma: Lie u os Ka alikų Mokslo Akademija. Salway Bene 1994: Wha ’s in a Name? A Su ey o Roman Onomas ic P ac ice om c. 700 B.C. o A.D. 700. – Jou nal o Roman S udies 84, 124–145. Siliņš Klā s 1990: La iešu pe son ā du ā dnīca, Rīga: Zinā ne. Sinke ičiū ė Dai a 2012: 2011 m. populia iausių a dų da imo endencijos. – Gim oji kalba 7, 3–8. Sinke ičiū ė Dai a 2014: Populia iausi 1991–2010 m. be niukų a dai i jų da i- mo endencijos. – Gim oji kalba 6, 3–8. Sinke ičiū ė Dai a 2014a: Populia iausi 1991–2010 m. me gaičių a dai i jų da- imo endencijos. – Gim oji kalba 7, 3–8. Sinke ičiū ė Dai a 2018: Li huanian name o na u al subjec o igin: T ends o he las cen u y. […] Onomas ica U alica 13, 243 […] 257. This is he i s ime in he his o y o he coun y ha he name has been used. DAIVA SINKEVIČIŪTĖ 252 Ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXXXIV This Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union. "Synonyms and ela ed wo ds: synonyms and ela ed wo ds: synonyms and ela ed wo ds: synonyms and ela ed wo ds: synonyms and ela ed wo ds: synonyms and ela ed wo ds: synonyms and ela ed wo ds: synonyms and ela ed wo ds: synonyms and ela ed wo ds: synonyms and ela ed wo ds: synonyms and ela ed wo ds: synonyms and ela ed wo ds: synonyms" This Regula ion shall en e in o o ce on he wen ie h day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union. This Decision shall en e in o o ce on he day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union. Sinke ičiū ė Dai a, G iniū ė Vaida 2014: Spanish names in he Li huanian language om 1991 o 2010 […] Bend inė kalba 87, 1[…]17. Sledniko 2013 […] Sledniko Alexei G. Abou he b oadcas in he La in language антропонимов иноязычного происхождения. – Проблемы истории, филологии, культуры 41(3), 262–269. Suslo a, Supe anskaja 1991 […] Suslo a Anna V., Supe anskaya Aleksand a V. She is a membe o he Russian Academy o Sciences and is a membe o he Russian Academy o Sciences. О русских именах, Ленинград: Лениздат. Swedish Au imas 2009: In he Cap i i y o he Ma ix, So ie Li huanian His o iog aphy, 19441985, Ams e dam, New Yo k: Rodopi. T ijniak 2005 […] T ijnyak İ an İ. Slo ak o Uk ainian names, also known as Do i a. Vandebosch Heidi 1998: The In luence o Media on Gi en Names. Names 46(4), 243262. Wha is you name? This Decision shall en e in o o ce on he day ollowing ha o i s publica ion in he O icial Jou nal o he Eu opean Union. a dai. lkk.l […] Websi e o he names o ci izens o he Republic o Li huania, Vilnius: S a e Commission o Li huanian Language, Uni e si y o Vilnius [ iewed 2020-09-15]. Weiss Michael 2009: Ou line o he His o ical and Compa a i e G amma o La in, Ann A bo , New Yo k: Beech S a e P ess. This is he i s ime ha he book has been published. Michael Wol son is he au ho o "Name is an Omen." Vo namenwahl as an indica o : me hods and possibili ies o a his o ical demoscopy. Name and company. The social and his o ical aspec s o naming and naming de elopmen , J. Eichho , W. Seibicke, M. Wol sohn (H sgs.), Mannheim and o he s. I 's called Duden e lag. Zinkiewicz-Zigma (1977) is a Li huanian an h opologis . Vilnius Li huanian su names A he beginning o he 17 h cen u y, Vilnius: Science. Zinkiewicz-Zigmas: The o igins o c icke in Li huania Acco ding o he name o Eas e n Ch is iani y, Vilnius: Ca holic Academy. Zinke ičius Zigmas 2008: Li huanian pe sonal names, Vilnius: Li huanian language ins i u e. S aipsniai / A icles 253 Skolin ų a dų su baigmeniu -ij- kai a Lie u os a dyne (kilmės aspek as) The De elopmen o Bo owed Names Ending in -ijin Li huanian (O igin) Summa y An analysis o he o igin o Li huanian bo owed names ending in -is shows ha hei co e was cons i u ed by La in and G eek names, o he mos pa used since he i s hal o he 20 h cen u y. Thei equency is g ea e han hei di e si y. Du ing he 20 h and 21s cen u ies he numbe o names o La in o igin inc eased, whe eas hose o G eek o igin dec eased. These changes we e mo e p onounced in he compa a i ely smalle g oup o male names han among emale names. The o igin o o he name g oups was mo e a ied, e en hough hey we e signi ican ly less nume ous. The luc ua ion in hei numbe s shows ha he equency o di e en name g oups depends on he popula i y o indi idual names. Among he di e en pe iods, he pe iod leading o Li huania's independence s ands ou as he one wi h a g ea e a ie y o names. Speci ic o ms aken om o he languages we e a he a ied, bu a he same ype in equen , and hus belonged o he pe iphe y o he Li huanian sys em o names. Among he speci ic o ms bo owed om o he languages, hose o Russian o igin p edomina e, al hough hei numbe has dec eased sligh ly along wi h he expansion o name o ms aken om English and I alian. Deli e ed on 17 Feb ua y 2021 DAIVA SINKEVIČIŪTĖ Ca hed al o he Bal ic Ins i u e o Bal ic Languages and Cul u es Vilniaus uni e si e as Uni e si y o Vilnius LT-01513, Li huania dai a.sinke iciu [email p o ec ed] This is a lis o uni e si ies in Li huania.