„Ortsnamen zwischen Rhein und Elbe – Onomastik im Europäischen Raum“. Ein Forschungsprojekt der Göttinger Akademie der Wissenschaften

326 Ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXXXVII JÜRGEN UDOLPH Zen um ü Namen o schung – Gö ingen Akademie de Wissenscha en zu Gö ingen ORCID id: o cid.o g/0000-0002-8475-7857 Scien i ic esea ch a eas: his o ical linguis ics, wa e names, place names, amily names. I'm no su e wha you' e alking abou . Names o places be ween he Rhine And ele en is onomas ic. The Eu opean a ea. One The esea ch p ojec The Gö inge Academy o he The science Vie o a džiai a p Reino i Elbės – Onomas ika Eu opos e d ėje. Ge ingeno mokslų akademijos mokslo- i iamasis p ojek as The anno a ion The place names o he Ge man ede al s a es o Lowe Saxony and Wes phalia (pa o he s a e o No h Rhine-Wes phalia) ha we e a es ed be o e 1600, including he names o dese ed owns and illages, a e c i ically examined on he basis o hei his o ical e idence and linguis ically examined acco ding o hei o igin and in e p e a ion e ymologically, mo phologically and ypologically, wi h he olumes o he NOB (Niede sächsisches O snamenbuch) o be an example. Once he wo k is comple ed, maps and summa y pape s will p o ide an e alua ion o he ques ion o o igin, e ymological connec ions and se lemen his o y. The esul s will also be ele an o Scandina ia, England, Eas e n Eu ope (including he Bal ic S a es) and pa s o Cen al Eu ope. KEYWORDS: place names, names o dese ed places, se lemen his o y, Ge manic peoples, Saxons. O snamen zwischen Rhein und Elbe – Onomas ik im Eu opäischen Raum. Ein Fo schungsp ojek de Gö inge Akademie de Wissenscha en This is Įž algos Insigh s 327 P e iously Die Vo geschich e zu dem P ojek de Gö inge Akademie de Wissenscha en, on dem hie die Rede sein wi d, ha ih en An ang am 18.10.1990 in den Räumen des Sp achwissenscha lichen Semina s de Uni e si ä Gö ingen genommen. An diesem Tag and die e s e S unde des P osemina s O snamen as a his o ical sou ce wi h he addi ion The place names o he dis ic o Wol enbü el unde he di ec ion o Jü gen Udolph. I was a ended by se e al s uden s, including Ki s in Casemi and Uwe Ohainski, who ha e no only accompanied he p ojec since hen, bu ha e con ibu ed decisi ely since ha day wi hou in e up ion. The plan was o unde ake a p ojec wi h he dis ic o Wol enbü el, which almos en i ely s udied he place names and u ban names o he gewidme wa . In ande en Bundeslände n Deu schlands ha en schon zum Teil um assende Un e suchungen an den Siedlungsnamen eingese z und wa en auch schon zu wich igen E gebnissen gekommen. Fü Niede sachsen ehl en s a e o Lowe Saxony. The semina , which had once begun, was con inued con inuously in he ollowing yea s un il 2000. The place names o he dis ic s o Wol enbü el, Gö ingen, Os e ode/Ha z, Gosla , No heim, Holzminden, Hildesheim, Hameln-Py mon , Hanno e (including he ci y o Hanno e ), Peine, Celle, Helms ed , Gi ho n and he ci ies o B aunschweig and Hanno e we e ea ed. Howe e , he e en s a he Uni e si y o Gö ingen we e in e up ed in 1999-2000 because J. Udolph had ecei ed a call o he p o esso ship o onomas ics a he Uni e si y o Leipzig and had accep ed i a e a ep esen a i e semes e in 1999-2000 in he win e semes e . Howe e , he wo k on he place names o Lowe Saxony did no a ac esea ch and inancial suppo . In pa icula , he ci y and coun y o Hanno e showed g ea un e b ochen. Es wa gelungen, S äd e und K eise in Niede sachsen ü diese in e es , so he scope could be in ensi ied and he esul o he wo k could be published in 1998 as he i s olume o a Lowe Saxon place name book (NOB I). Two sei e wa 1996–1997 die Un e suchungen de O s- und Wüs ungsnamen des yea s la e , he place names o he dis ic o Os e ode (NOB II) ollowed. A ew yea s ea lie , he ex ensi e s udy Naming S udies on he Ge manic P oblem by J. Udolph (1994) had appea ed, in which a numbe o basic wo ds and su ixes o Ge manic o igin and hei Occu ences in place names o he Old Ge manic se lemen a ea we e ea ed and could also be de e mined mo e closely wi h he help o mapping. I u ned ou ha he s a es o Lowe Saxony, pa s o Saxony-Anhal , JÜRGEN UDOLPH 328 Ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXXXVII This is a lis o linguis ic wo ks by Li huanian au ho s. Thu ingia, Hesse and Wes phalia a e pa icula ly in ol ed in he dis ibu ion. I encou aged he au ho s o he NOB o con inue hei wo k on he place names o no he n and cen al Ge many. In close connec ion wi h hese conside a ions was he 2003 disse a ion by K. Casemi on he place names o he dis ic he -bü el names (Casemi 1997) was an impo an con ibu ion o Wol enbü el und de S ad Salzgi e (= NOB III), in de die Au o in in dankenswe e Weise auch a chäologische und siedlungsgeschich liche Aspek e mi den O snamen e knüp ha e. Auch ih e Magis e a bei übe he s udy o he place names also o Lowe Saxony. A e his call o Leipzig, J. Udolph was able o con ince he p esiden o he Gö ingen Academy in a con e sa ion ha a place name book o Lowe Saxony would be an impo an and necessa y ask o he Academy. To make a long s o y sho , a e leng hy discussions and discussions wi hin he Union o Ge man Academies o Sciences, he p ojec was ex ended o include Saxony-Anhal and Wes phalia in he Academy P og amme, Ge many's la ges in ellec ual and social science esea ch p og amme. The ca e was in he hands o he Gö ingen Academy o Sciences, he wo kplace was se up a he Uni e si y o Müns e and he in es iga ions began in 2005. The p ojec Unde he di ec ion o J. Udolph, Hend ik Da ids, Michael Flöe , Claudia Ma ia Ko smeie , B igi Meineke and Ju a Sch öde we e ini ially wo king on he p ojec . Some ime la e , K. Casemi was appoin ed head o he wo kplace, ollowed by U. Ohainski, Jose Dolle, and occasionally Jens Ke s ing. Ini ially, he p ojec was planned o 32 and a hal yea s and included he examina ion o he place names o he s a es o Lowe Saxony (including B emen and B eme ha en), Wes phalia and Saxony-Anhal . Due o in e nal decisions o he academies, he e m was sho ened o 25 yea s, o cing us o gi e up Saxony-Anhal . We we e e y so y abou ha . We a e no going o gi e a de ailed desc ip ion o he p ojec , he s a e o he wo k, a his poin . They can be ound on a websi e o seine Ziele und wei e e dami zusammenhängende Aspek e müssen he Gö ingen Academy o Sciences a h ps: www.adw-goe.de/ o schung/ o schungsp ojek e-akademienp og amm/o sna- men-zwischen- hein-undelbe/ and unde he link o snamen.ne . O snamen zwischen Rhein und Elbe – Onomas ik im Eu opäischen Raum. Ein Fo schungsp ojek de Gö inge Akademie de Wissenscha en This is Įž algos Insigh s 329 In sho , he aim o he p ojec can be o mula ed as ollows: he place names o he a ea unde in es iga ion, including he dese names, a es ed be o e 1600, will be c i ically explo ed on he basis o hei his o ical e idence and linguis ically examined e ymologically, mo phologically and ypologically acco ding o o igin and in e p e a ion, wi h he olumes o he Lowe Saxon Place Name Book se ing as a model. A e comple ion o he p ocessing, mapping and summa y ea ises will p o ide an e alua ion o he ques ion o o igin, e ymological connec ions and se lemen his o y. The cu en s a e o he wo k is e lec ed in wo maps, which we p in he e: MAP 1: Wes phalian place name book […] s a e o p epa a ion Oc obe 2022 JÜRGEN UDOLPH 330 Ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXXXVII KARTE 2: Niede sächsisches O snamenbuch – Bea bei ungss and Ok obe 2022 Since he beginning o he in es iga ions, a emp s ha e been made o p o ide a comp ehensible p esen a ion e en o in e es ed laymen. The discussion o he so-called "el owe ", in which academic esea ch is allegedly mo ing, has a isen no leas because scien i ic publica ions ha e pa ly main ained (and a e main aining) a o m o language ha c ea ed a dis ance om he in e es ed public. In he ield o Indo-Ge manic s udies, he in oduc ion o he so-called […]La yngale[…] and i s g aphic ep esen a ion, which has also ound i s way in o place name esea ch, has g ea ly s eng hened his dis ance. I is also ou endea ou in his case o educe his dis ance in he ea men o place names. Place names a e also o g ea in e es o he public, so i is necessa y o choose an unde s andable language and p esen a ion. The sub-p ojec Wes älisches O snamenbuch will be comple ed in 2022 wi h olume 20, while he Niede sächsische O snamenbuch, planned o 28 olumes, is s ill being p ocessed. O snamen zwischen Rhein und Elbe – Onomas ik im Eu opäischen Raum. Ein Fo schungsp ojek de Gö inge Akademie de Wissenscha en Įž algos / Insigh s 331 We a e no gi ing a lis o all he olumes ha ha e been published so a . The websi e o snamen.ne in o ms abou his unde he headings Lowe Saxony place name book and Wes phalian place name book, in which o e iew maps o he co esponding p ocessing a eas can also be ound. The published olumes a e ini ially a ailable in books o es, bu h ee yea s a e hei publica ion (expi y o he closu e pe iod) hey a e a ailable on he es doc ae […] documen se e o he Academy o Sciences in Gö ingen, whe e a sea ch mask also acili a es he inding o desi ed place names I would like o ask he Commissione whe he he is p epa ed o accep he amendmen s abled by he Commi ee on he En i onmen , Public Heal h and Consume P o ec ion. P inciples, objec i es and p io i ies ERGEBNISSE DES PROJEKTES 1. Die Rele anz de O snamen o schung lieg nich nu in de F age nach de Bedeu ung eines einzelnen Namens. Zwa is die Undu chsich igkei The use o geog aphical names is always a igge o he ques ion: "Wha does his name ac ually mean?" bu his alone gi es only agmen a y insigh s in o he his o y o he language se lemen . Fu he insigh s a e only a ailable when a la ge a ea has been s udied in e ms o names. Only hen will i be possible o g asp he o iginal meaning o a single name in i s basic ea u es. The e o e, a summa y e alua ion o onomas ic esea ch also s i es again and again and igh ly o a ca og aphic eco ding o he collec ed ma e ial and he a ious le els wi h which he names a e in e wined. An examina ion o he place-name easu e o he coun ies o Wes phalia, Lowe Saxony, B emen and also Saxony-Anhal is o pa icula impo ance o he ea ly his o y o Eu ope because un il he beginning B andenbu g, Saxony, Thu ingia and dieses P ojek es eine g a ie ende Fo schungslücke bes and und ge ade dieses bishe nich un e such e Te i o ium nich nu mi den benachba en deu schen Lände n wie dem Rheinland, Schleswig-Hols ein, Mecklenbu g-Vo pomme n, Hesse a e in close con ac , bu because a e in es iga ions o ecen yea s in a s iking way mi wei en Be eichen de Ge mania, e ne mi dem wes sla ischen Sp achgebie und in seinen äl es en Spu en mi dem Bal ikum und einem al sla ischen Siedlungsgebie in Südpolen und de Uk aine e bunden is . JÜRGEN UDOLPH 332 Ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXXXVII This is a lis o linguis ic wo ks by Li huanian au ho s. 3. In de ail, he ollowing lines o communica ion can be d awn om he olumes published so a and om o he ecen in es iga ions, he signi icance o which needs o be examined in mo e de ail: a) om Lowe Saxony and Wes phalia o England, wi h Belgium, he Ne he lands and Flande s o ming b idges ( i s mapping a emp : Udolph 1994: 775 [Map 55]). Tha i is be ween he place-name s ock No dihm made acco ding o he in es iga ion exp essed: i is a "se lemen wo d, which is unique o he Saxons, und Wes deu schlands und dem Englands enge Ve bindungen gib , die al sein müssen, is schon seh üh u.a. on H. Jellinghaus (1898, 1902) e kann wo den, auch E. Sch öde (1933: 22) ha e bei dem G undwo -ho s au G und eine bei which hey ook alone o England and which also appea s in a - lung a eas" ( o u he elabo a ion by -ho s s. Udolph 1994: 776[…]796, see also map 3). Bu his also applies o o he appella i es. Hessmann 1985: 199: "Find Old English elemen s, inso a as hey ha e no been adop ed om B i ish o Scandina ian, almos always hei co espondence in he a ea o Old Saxon" (i.e. especially in Lowe Saxony). We we e able o suppo his a ew yea s ago wi h he help o a sligh ly b oade lis o appella i es (Udolph 2006). P e iously he had selec ed indi idual appella i es in se e al con ibu ions and based on he place names de i ed om hem he mig a ions o Wes Ge manic ibes he ollowing map 3 is de i ed, which is Ge manic ho s , e.g. in Middle High Ge man hu s , also hu s , Old High Ge man hu s , Old Saxon hu s […]Gebüsch, Ges üpp[…], also Old English hu s , English hu s mos ly […]Buschwald, nach England nachzuzeichnen e such (Udolph 1994: 765–830; 1995). Da aus Gebüsch, Hy z, Ges äuch, Gehüpp, Niede holz[…], E bewachsene kleine E höhung in Sump und Ges mi elniede deu sch, mi elniede ländisch hu s , ho s , niede ländisch ho s , I 's called Moo . included. In ou wo k on he place names o Wes phalia and Lowe Saxony, we ha e encoun e ed ano he phenomenon which has o do wi h England, bu which has ne e been no iced be o e: hey con ain pa ly appella i es which a e ound only in he Old English o English ocabula y. The consequence o his is conside able: i means ha he unde lying wo d, which is p ese ed only in English, was o me ly also used in he Ge manic dialec s o no he n Ge many. lebendig gewesen is . He e's jus one example: in English, since ancien imes, i 's been well a es ed: g i (e), g ā , g o e ‘hain, gehölz, ela ed o sla . G a e, g a e, 'Hainbuche' and o he wo ds. Va ious English place names a e o med wi h i , such as e.g. G a on o G o ehu s . This wo d is now also ound in Ge man place names such as G as up, K . Lippe, G a ho s and K . Helms ed , G asdo , he egion o Hanno e and pe haps also in G e en, K . S ein u ( his was las epo ed by WOB 13: 123 .). O snamen zwischen Rhein und Elbe – Onomas ik im Eu opäischen Raum. Ein Fo schungsp ojek de Gö inge Akademie de Wissenscha en This is Įž algos Insigh s 333 . MAP 3: ho s /hu s in place names F om his, new ligh is also h own on he old and allegedly al eady decided ques ion o whe e he Wes Ge manic se le s o England came om. I is almos gene ally assumed ha hey came om Schleswig-Hols ein and Denma k, and Beda's amous ph ases s ill wo k oday: […]Ad ene un au em de ibus Ge maniae populis o io ibus, id es Saxonibus, Anglis, Ju is[…] [Saxon, Angle, Jü en[…]]. Howe e , in es iga ions ha sough o con i m his claim wi h he help o he place names o Schleswig-Hols ein (e.g. Lau 1964), yielded no esul s. I has been concluded ha he name esea ch o his ques ion canno be consul ed. Howe e , ini ial indica ions sugges ha hese iews do no seem o apply o Lowe Saxony. A e comple ing he in es iga ion, one will su ely ge an answe o his ques ion: place names a e he sa es wi nesses o mig a ion mo emen s, as shown by ansmissions in he Ge man Eas , om Eu ope o e seas, om he Russian homelands o Sibe ia and elsewhe e. The same applies o he homeland and o igin o he Saxons. These ques ions ha e so a been deal wi h almos exclusi ely om an a chaeological and his o ical poin o iew. Recen esea ch shows ha he alleged en y o Saxons in P olemy, which is gene ally a ibu ed o Schleswig-Hols ein, is p obably a eading e o (Sp inge 2002; 2004: 27 […] 29). This b eaks an impo an s one om he p e ious heo y ha he Saxons o iginally came om Schleswig-Hols ein. The ques ion is comple ely open. Conside his. JÜRGEN UDOLPH 334 Ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXXXVII ha he i s eliable e e ences o Saxons om an onomas ic poin o iew a e he English coun ies o Essex, Middlesex, Sussex, Wessex, e c. I is also an impo an es imony o he place names: on he basis o hese, connec ions o he ocabula y and names o Namen e gleiche zwischen englischen und kon inen alge manischen Namen e was zu He kun de Besiedle Englands sagen? b) Du ch die Bea bei ung de O snamen Niede sachsens und Wes alens Schleswig-Hols ein, Denma k and Scandina ia ha e also been wo ked ou . These include place names, such as haugaz […]Hügel, G abhügel[…], *hlaiwaz […](G ab)hügel[…], klin […]Anhöhe, Be g[…], malm- (also in go . malma […]Sand[…]), wedel […]seich e S elle im Wasse , Fu […] and so on. They' e based on. Many o hese appella i es ha e been deal wi h by J. Udolph (1994: 830[…]918). F om his collec ion he e is only one Mapping (map numbe ou ): MAP 4: wedle in place names c) The p ocessing o he place names o he a ea unde in es iga ion has also e ealed co espondences bo h in he ocabula y and in he place name s ock wi h he Bal ic and Sla ic se lemen a eas o he co esponding wo d and name s ock. They con i m ea ly assump ions made by W. P. Schmid ha he Bal ic was a cen e o he Old Eu opean Įž algos Insigh s 341 O snamen zwischen Rhein und Elbe – Onomas ik im Eu opäischen Raum. Ein Fo schungsp ojek de Gö inge Akademie de Wissenscha en LITERATUR Bach Adol 1954: Die deu schen O snamen, Bd. 2, Heidelbe g: Ca l Win e Uni e si ä s e lag. B ylla Cha lo e 2009: De seman ische Kamp um den Beg i des No dens in Schweden zu Zei des Na ionalsozialismus. ‒ Face en des No dens. Räume – Kons uk ionen – Iden i ä en, Be line Bei äge zu Skandina is ik, Bd. 17, h sg. on J. Hecke -S ampehl, H. Kliemann-Geisinge , Be lin: No deu opa-Ins i u . Casemi Ki s in 1997: Die O snamen au -bü el. (Namenkundliche In o ma ionen Beihe 19), Leipzige Uni e si ä s e lag. Casemi Ki s in, Udolph Jü gen 2006: Die Bedeu ung des Bal ischen ü die niede sächsische O snamen o schung. ‒ Bal ų onomas ikos y imai – Aleksand ui Vanagui a min i, sud. L. Bilkis, A. Ragauskai ė, D. Sinke ičiū ė, Vilnius: Lie u ių kalbos ins i u as, 114–136. Dini Pie u U., Udolph Jü gen 2005: Slawisch-Bal isch-Ge manische Sp achbeziehungen. ‒ Reallexikon de Ge manischen Al e umskunde 29, 59–78. G imm Jacob 1845: Geschich e de deu schen Sp ache, Leipzig: S. Hi zel. G imm Jacob 1871: Kleine e Sch i en, Bd. 5, Be lin: Dümmle . Hessmann Pie e 1984: Bedeu ung und Ve b ei ung einige no dwes deu sche Sump bezeichnungen. ‒ Gießene Flu namen-Kolloquium, h sg. on R. Schü zeichel, Heidelbe g: Win e , 190–200. Jellinghaus He mann 1898: Englische und niede deu sche O snamen. ‒ Anglia 20, 257–334. Jellinghaus He mann 1902: Bes immungswö e wes sächsische und englische O snamen. ‒ Jah buch des Ve eins ü niede deu sche Sp ach o schung 28, 31–52. K ahe Hans 1949: O snamen als Geschich squelle, Heidelbe g: Quelle & Meye . Lau Wol gang 1964: Namenübe agungen im Zuge de angelsächsischen Wande ungen. ‒ Bei äge zu Namen o schung 15, 287–297. Mülle Gun e 1970: Das P oblem de änkischen Ein lüsse au die wes älische Toponymie. ‒ F ühmi elal e liche S udien 4, 244–270. NOB ‒ Niede sächsisches O snamenbuch, h sg. on K. Casemi , J. Udolph, Bd. 1 . Biele eld 1998 . NOB I ‒ Ohainski Uwe, Udolph Jü gen 1998: Die O snamen des Landk eises und de S ad Hanno e , Biele eld: Ve lag ü Regionalgeschich e. JÜRGEN UDOLPH 342 Ac a Linguis ica Li huanica LXXXVII NOB II ‒ Ohainski Uwe, Udolph Jü gen 2000: Die O snamen des Landk eises Os e ode, Biele eld: Ve lag ü Regionalgeschich e. NOB III ‒ Casemi Ki s en 2003: Die O snamen des Landk eises Wol enbü el und de S ad Salzgi e , Biele eld: Ve lag ü Regionalgeschich e. NOB IV ‒ Casemi Ki s en, Ohainski Uwe, Udolph Jü gen 2003: Die O snamen des Landk eises Gö ingen, Biele eld: Ve lag ü Regionalgeschich e. Schmid P. Wol gang 1994: Linguis icae Scien iae Collec anea, h sg. on. J. Becke , Be lin, New Yo k: de G uy e . Sch öde Edwa d 1993: Sachsen und Che uske . ‒ Niede sächsisches Jah buch ü Landesgeschich e 10, 5–28. Schuh Robe 1980: -heim-Namen in Os anken. Ausd uck änkische He scha ? ‒ O snamen als Ausd uck on Kul u und He scha . E lange O snamenkolloquium, h sg. on R. Schü zeichel, Heidelbe g: Win e , 33–47. Sp inge Ma hias 2002: Saxones und Saxonia im Al e um und F ühmi elal e . ‒ Namenkundliche In o ma ionen 81/82, 155–177. Sp inge Ma hias 2004: Die Sachsen, S u ga : Kohlhamme . Udolph Jü gen 1994: Namenkundliche S udien zum Ge manenp oblem, Be lin: de G uy e . Udolph Jü gen 1995: Die Landnahme Englands du ch ge manische S ämme im Lich e de O snamen. ‒ No dwes ge manisch (Reallexikon de Ge manischen Al e umskunde, E gänzungsband 13), Be lin, New Yo k: de G uy e , 223–270. Udolph Jü gen 1997: Zogen die Hamelne Aussiedle nach Mäh en? Die Ra en änge sage aus namenkundliche Sich . ‒ Niede sächsisches Jah buch ü Landesgeschich e 69, 125–183. Udolph Jü gen 1998: F änkische O snamen in Niede sachsen? ‒ Fes gabe ü Die e Nei ze zum 65. Gebu s ag, h sg. on P. Au gebaue , U. Ohainski, E. Schube (Gö inge Fo schungen zu Landesgeschich e, Bd. 1), Biele eld: Ve lag ü Regionalgeschich e, 1–70. Udolph Jü gen 1999: Bal isches in Niede sachsen? ‒ Flo ilegium Linguis icum. Fes sch i ü Wol gang P. Schmid zum 70. Gebu s ag, h sg. on E. Egge s, J. Becke , J. Udolph, D. Webe , F ank u , Main: Pe e Lang, 493–508. Udolph Jü gen 2005: Sla isch-Bal isch-Ge manische Übe eins immungen in Toponymie und Hyd onymie. ‒ Reallexikon de Ge manischen Al e umskunde 29, 64–67. O snamen zwischen Rhein und Elbe – Onomas ik im Eu opäischen Raum. Ein Fo schungsp ojek de Gö inge Akademie de Wissenscha en Įž algos / Insigh s 343 Udolph Jü gen 2006: England und de Kon inen : O snamenpa allelen (Ein Si ua ionsbe ich ). ‒ Language and Tex . Cu en Pe spec i es on English and Ge manic His o ical Linguis ics and Philology, Heidelbe g: Win e , 317–343. WOB – Wes älisches O snamenbuch, h sg. on K. Casemi , J. Udolph, Bd. 1 , Biele eld: Ve lag ü Regionalgeschich e, 2009 . WOB 13 ‒ Ko smeie Claudia Ma ia 2009: Die O snamen des Landk eises und de S ad Hanno e , Biele eld: Ve lag ü Regionalgeschich e. Vie o a džiai a p Reino i Elbės – Onomas ika Eu opos e d ėje. Ge ingeno mokslų akademijos mokslo- i iamasis p ojek as The SANTRAUKA Remian is his o iniais duomenimis, s aipsnyje k i iškai analizuojami Vokie ijos Žemu inės Saksonijos i Ves alijos žemių (Šiau ės Reino-Ves alijos žemės dalies) ie o a džiai, paliudy i iki 1600 me ų, įskai an apleis ų mies ų i kaimų a dus. This is a lis o he municipali ies o he Czech Republic by he numbe o inhabi an s. Ty ime ype pa a lik a o hese Vie namese linguis ic analysis aking in o accoun hei kilmę and e ymology, mo phology and ypology in e p e a ion, using he example o he Saksonian Vie namese book. A likus, he s udy, he mapping and he e alua ion o he s udies in he desc ip ions, he ques ion o he o igin, he e ymology o he samples and he his o y o he Vie namese apgy endinimo. The esul s o he bus ips o Scandina ia, England, Eas e n Eu ope (including he Bal ic coun ies) and ce ain Cen al Eu opean egions. I 's no like I don' know wha I'm doing. JÜRGEN UDOLPH Cen e o Name Resea ch […] Gö ingen Rosdo , S einb ei e 9, D-37124 Rosdo nea Gö ingen Akademie de Wissenscha en zu Gö ingen wo kplace place names be ween he Rhine and he Elbe […] Onomas ics in he Eu opean a ea Robe -Koch-S . D 29,14-48 in he ci y o Müns e [Email p o ec ed]