MARCH 2022
Repo o STUK Ac i i ies in
FINSP, IPNDV and GICNT
Ini ia i es in 2021
Lång Ossi
Sä eily u akeskus
Yh eise asian un ijapal elu -osas o
11.2.2022
Julkinen
Sisällys
1 Finnish expe ise o a sa e wo ld ........................................................................................... 1
2 Finnish Suppo P og amme o he IAEA Sa egua ds (FINSP) ................................................. 2
2.1 Summa y .......................................................................................................................... 2
2.2 His o y and in oduc ion .................................................................................................... 2
2.3 Adminis a ion and inance ................................................................................................ 3
2.4 Ongoing ac i i ies and asks ............................................................................................. 3
2.4.1 Spen Fuel Ve i ica ion Cou se .................................................................................. 4
2.4.2 COMPASS: Comp ehensi e Capaci y Building Ini ia i e o SSACs and SRAs.......... 5
3 Global Ini ia i e o Comba Nuclea Te o ism (GICNT) ........................................................... 7
4 In e na ional Pa ne ship o Nuclea Disa mamen Ve i ica ion (IPNDV) ................................. 8
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1 Finnish expe ise o a sa e wo ld
The T ea y on he Non-P oli e a ion o Nuclea Weapons (NPT) en e ed in o o ce in
Finland in 1970. Fo i y yea s, he ea y has been a key p e equisi e o he
peace ul use o nuclea ene gy in Finland, a coun y ha , as a use o nuclea ene gy,
has had solid g ounds o p e en ing he p oli e a ion o nuclea weapons.
The Minis y o Fo eign A ai s o Finland (MFA) is inancing he p ojec s which a e
ela ed o he non-p oli e a ion, nuclea secu i y and disa mamen . The Radia ion and
Nuclea Sa e y Au ho i y (STUK) has he echnical expe ise o o e o he p ojec s.
The good coope a ion be ween MFA and STUK deepen he common unde s anding
be ween he poli ical and echnical ields and enable Finland o ha e he bes
possible knowledge in in e na ional nego ia ions.
Finnish Suppo P og amme o he IAEA sa egua ds (FINSP)
STUK coo dina es and implemen s he Finnish Suppo P og amme o he IAEA
sa egua ds (FINSP). The objec i e o FINSP is o p o ide he IAEA suppo in well
managed asks ela ed o de elopmen o sa egua ds e i ica ion me hods and
sa egua ds concep s, assis ing sa egua ds implemen a ion in he Membe S a es and
p o ide oppo uni ies and suppo o he IAEA inspec o aining.
Global Ini ia i e o Comba Nuclea Te o ism (GICNT)
Finland coo dina ed a de elopmen o a Join S a emen on Na ional Nuclea
De ec ion A chi ec u e o he 2016 Nuclea Secu i y Summi . This has and will
con inue o be an impo an documen s ee ing Finland’s con ibu ion o he
in e na ional nuclea secu i y de ec ion ac i i ies. This has enabled an ac i e
in ol emen o STUK expe s in bo h he IAEA and GICNT nuclea secu i y de ec ion
ac i i ies.
In e na ional Pa ne ship o Nuclea Disa mamen Ve i ica ion (IPNDV)
IPNDV, es ablished by he USA in 2014, is cu en ly on i s hi d phase. Thi d phase
s a ed in he beginning o 2020. The co ona i us pandemic has signi ican ly
hampe ed he implemen a ion o ongoing phase. STUK ac s as echnical ad iso o
he MFA on In e na ional Pa ne ship o Nuclea Disa mamen Ve i ica ion. This has
enabled STUK expe s o pa icipa e ac i ely in he p ojec since i s beginning.
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2 Finnish Suppo P og amme o he IAEA Sa egua ds (FINSP)
2.1 Summa y
The Radia ion and Nuclea Sa e y Au ho i y (STUK) coo dina es and implemen s he
Finnish Suppo P og amme o he IAEA sa egua ds (FINSP). FINSP is inanced by
he Minis y o Fo eign A ai s o Finland (MFA). MFA and STUK ha e made an
ag eemen o implemen a ion o FINSP o he e m o h ee yea s 2019 – 2021. Fo
2021 MFA ese ed unding o 224 000€. Ac ual expendi u es o he P og amme in
2020 was 195 161,59 €.
The main esul s o he FINSP a e p esen ed in his epo . Main goals o he FINSP
a e aining o IAEA inspec o s and de elopmen o IAEA sa egua ds me hods and
concep s. FINSP had an annual e iew mee ing wi h he IAEA on 23d No embe as
a ideocon e ence.
Some goals o he p og amme we e di icul o achie e because o a el es ic ions
due o he COVID-19 pandemic. Newcome s cou se o he emba king coun ies was
once again cancelled. Howe e , FINSP managed o a ange h ee aining e en s in
No embe .
A he end o he yea 2021 FINSP has 17 ac i e asks. Fou new ask p oposals
we e accep ed. One ask was comple ed du ing 2021.
2.2 His o y and in oduc ion
The Membe S a es’ Suppo P og ammes (MSSPs) mechanism is speci ically
de eloped o suppo IAEA sa egua ds R&D needs. IAEA sa egua ds has no
dedica ed budge o esea ch and de elopmen ac i i ies and he IAEA has nei he
specialized aining acili ies o ain new Sa egua ds inspec o s o o ield es
eme ging echnical de elopmen . The e o e, he IAEA is making use o olun a y
suppo om he Membe S a es. To mee his need, he Suppo P og amme
Mechanism was c ea ed. The i s Membe S a es Suppo P og amme (MSSP) was
es ablished in 1978 by he Uni ed S a es o Ame ica. In Finland, di e en kinds o
NDA e i ica ion me hods we e de eloped in he beginning o 1980’s and
measu emen campaigns we e o ganised in Lo iisa and Olkiluo o nuclea powe
plan s in coope a ion wi h he IAEA. O icially FINSP was es ablished on 31 May
1988.
The objec i e o FINSP is o p o ide he IAEA suppo in well managed asks ela ed
o de elopmen o sa egua ds e i ica ion me hods and sa egua ds concep s,
assis ing sa egua ds implemen a ion in he Membe S a es and p o ide oppo uni ies
and suppo o he IAEA inspec o aining.
A he end o 2020, al oge he 21 Membe S a es ha e a MSSP: A gen ina, Aus alia,
Belgium, B azil, Canada, China, Czech Republic, Spain, Finland, F ance, Ge many,
Hunga y, Japan, Ne he lands, Republic o Ko ea, Sou h A ica, Russia, Sweden,
Swi ze land, Uni ed Kingdom and Uni ed S a es. In addi ion, Eu opean Commission
has one. Swi ze land joined he g oup in 2021.
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2.3 Adminis a ion and inance
FINSP is inanced by Minis y o Fo eign A ai s o Finland (MFA) and i is
implemen ed and coo dina ed by STUK. In 2020 STUK has p ocu ed ou side
consul an se ices o assis in he implemen a ion o he p og amme.
Coope a ion wi h o he MSSPs akes place in a majo i y o he asks.
In STUK, FINSP is managed by Di ec o Ka im Pel onen and coo dina ed by Tapani
Honkamaa.
In 2020, MFA budge ed al oge he 224 000 € o FINSP implemen a ion. Ac ual
expendi u es we e 195 161,59 €. The expendi u es we e di ided in h ee main
ca ego ies: T aining, de elopmen o me hods and concep s and o e all
implemen a ion. Budge ed and ealized cos s a e shown in Table 1.
Budge ed
Realized
Di e ence
T aining
5550P-003601
125 000
119 680,27
5 319,73
De elopmen o concep s and
me hods 5550P-003602
69 000
47 528,60
21 528,60
Implemen a ion cos s
5550P-003603
30 000
28 009,92
1 990,08
To al
224 000
195 161,59
28 838,41
Table 1. Budge ed and ealized cos s o FINSP in €.
2.4 Ongoing ac i i ies and asks
A he end o Decembe 2021 FINSP has 14 ac i e asks and one s and by ask. The
asks a e lis ed in Table 2.
ID
Ti le
MSSP POC
O icial
S a Da e
FIN X
2635
Suppo o he 2022 Sa egua ds
Symposium
HONKAMAA,Tapani
23/11/2021
FIN B
2601
Comp ehensi e Inspec ion Exe cise (CIE)
o New Inspec o s
TUPASELA,Topi
05/05/2021
FIN X
2573
COMPASS: Comp ehensi e Capaci y
Building Ini ia i e o SSACs and SRAs
MARTIKKA,Elina
03/02/2021
FIN E
2574
Suppo o an Imp o ed Passi e Seal
Sys em (IPSS)
HONKAMAA,Tapani
03/02/2021
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Table 2 Ac i e asks o FINSP on 31/12/2021.
Six asks (FIN B 1435, FIN B 1939, FIN B 1949, FIN D 2330, FIN B 2566, FIN X
2573) a e ela ed o aining and o he s ela ed o R&D o concep ual o echnical
de elopmen .
In he ollowing some o asks a e highligh ed:
2.4.1 Spen Fuel Ve i ica ion Cou se
Spen Fuel Ve i ica ion T aining is an elemen al pa o he aining p og amme o
IAEA inspec o s. The IAEA aining sec ion has es ablished an NDA cou se, which
includes wo in- ield exe cise pa s: 1) e i ica ion aining and 2) Ce enko
obse a ion echnologies. Ve i ica ion aining has been hos ed by FINSP and Lo iisa
FIN B
2566
IAEA Sa egua ds T aineeship P og amme
Suppo
HONKAMAA,Tapani
12/10/2020
FIN E
2528
Passi e Tag Technology
HONKAMAA,Tapani
16/04/2020
FIN C
2507
Sa egua ds by Design o Small Modula
Reac o s
HONKAMAA,Tapani
18/12/2019
JNT A
2414 FIN
Suppo o es ing o PGET new
unc ionali ies in a ended, emo e and
una ended modes
HONKAMAA,Tapani
28/12/2018
JNT C
2415 FIN
De elopmen o Sa egua ds Guideline o
Facili ies Unde Decommissioning and
Pos -Acciden Facili ies
NIITTYMAKI,Hen i
28/12/2018
FIN A
2390
Field- es ing o an Unmanned Su ace
Vehicle and neX gene a ion Ce enko
Viewing De ice
HONKAMAA,Tapani
26/10/2018
FIN C
2399
Umb ella Task - Technical Assis ance on
Me hodology and Guidance o
Implemen a ion o Sa egua ds a he
S a e-le el
MARTIKKA,Elina
22/10/2018
FIN D
2330
C ea ion o e-lea ning modules,
suppo ing he p epa a ion o S a e
decla ed in o ma ion
HONKAMAA,Tapani
27/11/2017
FIN C
2290
Upda e o he Physical Model
HONKAMAA,Tapani
13/07/2017
FIN D
1996
Digi al Decla a ion Si e Maps (DDSM)
HONKAMAA,Tapani
09/04/2014
FIN B
1939
Suppo o Newcome S a es Pu suing a
Nuclea Powe P og amme
MARTIKKA,Elina
11/06/2012
FIN A
1628
Suppo o Ins umen a ion Technology
Fo esigh
HONKAMAA,Tapani
25/07/2006
FIN B
1435
Spen Fuel Ve i ica ion T aining Cou se
TUPASELA,Topi
02/06/2003
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NPP in he yea s 2010, 2011, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017 and wo cou ses in
2018. The ins uc o s a e p o ided by he IAEA, bu Lo iisa and STUK p o ide
access o he uel pond and expe s ha ollow he conduc o he cou se and decla e
necessa y uel in o ma ion, p o ide hei insigh s abou he ecommended ways o
wo k sa ely and e icien ly in an NPP en i onmen and o e in o ma ion abou ela ed
ac i i ies in Finland.
The NDA me hods used in he cou se a e SFAT, IRAT and FDET
1
. The conduc o
he cou se has ound i s pa h and is e icien ly implemen ed. The yea 2021 cou ses
we e he i s ones whe e PGET (Passi e Gamma Emission Tomog aph was ained
o he IAEA inspec o s). Adding he new de ice in o he cou se schedule was
success ully and e icien ly implemen ed. Special hanks goes o he p o essional
IAEA ainees and lexible a i ude o Lo iisa NPP pe sonnel.
Inspec o ’s NDA aining in ull speed. PGET console is on he le and FORK on he
igh . Pic u e: Lo iisa NPP, No embe 2021
2.4.2 COMPASS: Comp ehensi e Capaci y Building Ini ia i e o SSACs and SRAs
Launched in 2020, COMPASS is a new IAEA ini ia i e ha in ol es pa ne ing wi h
S a es o help hem s eng hen he e ec i eness o hei na ional au ho i y
esponsible o sa egua ds implemen a ion (SRA) and o hei espec i e sys em o
accoun ing o and con ol o nuclea ma e ial (SSAC). COMPASS p o ides
assis ance and se ices ailo ed o a S a e’s needs.
Coope a ion be ween a S a e and he IAEA is essen ial in ensu ing ha nuclea
sa egua ds a e implemen ed e ec i ely and e icien ly. The Agency de o es
esou ces o assis he S a e in de eloping equi ed sa egua ds capabili ies, including
1
Fo mo e in o ma ion abou hese me hods, please see he IAEA epo “Sa egua ds Techniques and
Equipmen 2011 Edi ion” h ps://www-pub.iaea.o g/MTCD/Publica ions/PDF/n s1_web.pd
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he p o ision o guidance o enhance a S a e’s unde s anding o i s sa egua ds
obliga ions. Suppo is p o ided also h ough MSSP asks. Al oge he 12 MSSPs
ha e accep ed he ask. FINSP has been ac i ely in ol ed in o he ask om he
beginning.
In ol emen o MSSPs is impo an o he success o COMPASS ini ia i e. SSACs in
suppo ing MSSP s a es can in e ac wi h he pa ne ing s a es a he same le el,
sha ing hei own expe iences and unde s anding wha p ac ises i s o SSAC and
SRA pu poses. Ac i i ies a e ini ially planned by he IAEA and elabo a ed oge he
wi h pa ne ing s a es and MSSP expe s o bes mee he objec i es o he s a e
conce ned.
The wo k in 2020 has been consis ing o o e all planning and p epa ing e ms o
e e ences planning and conduc ing webina s and li e aining e en s, sha ing
in o ma ion on p ocedu e.
2.4.3 Suppo o Ins umen a ion Technology Fo esigh
Suppo o Ins umen a ion Technology Fo esigh ask objec i e is o iden i y and
exploi echnical inno a ions. FINSP has o e ed oge he wi h Finnish Nuclea Plan
ope a o s loca ions whe e o es hese inno a ions in eal nuclea acili y
en i onmen s.
In 2021 IAEA es ed i s new Ce enko iewing de ice in TVO spen uel s o age.
IAEA and FINSP a e also planning o es i s newly de eloped loa ing obo in TVO
spen uel s o age in 2022. The obo collec s Ce enko signal a he su ace o he
spen uel pool. This ask in now mainly being done manually wi h handheld
ins umen s.
In la ge s o age acili ies he e i ica ion ac i i y akes se e al days and is being done
annually. Deploying obo s would dec ease g ea ly amoun o ou ine and consuming
e i ica ion wo k o he IAEA inspec o s in ield. Also, he quali y o e i ica ion will be
imp o ed.
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3 Global Ini ia i e o Comba Nuclea Te o ism (GICNT)
To he 2016 Nuclea Secu i y Summi (NSS) Finland coo dina ed a de elopmen o a
Join S a emen on Na ional Nuclea De ec ion A chi ec u e
(h p://www.nss2016.o g/documen -cen e -docs/2016/4/1/join -s a emen -on-na ional-
nuclea -de ec ion-a chi ec u e). This has and will con inue o be an impo an
documen s ee ing Finland’s con ibu ion o he in e na ional nuclea secu i y
de ec ion ac i i ies. I has also had signi ican na ional impac . Among o he hings,
he upda ed na ional nuclea de ec ion a chi ec u e is cu en ly in he p in ing
p ocess. The ac i i ies desc ibed in he S a emen a e qui e p ac ical, which is why
ela ed con ibu ions a e also mainly conduc ed a expe le el. The ag eemen
be ween he Minis y o Fo eign A ai s (MFA) and STUK co e s in e na ional wo k
ca ied ou by STUK expe s in acco dance wi h he S a emen . This has enabled an
ac i e in ol emen o STUK expe s in bo h he IAEA (In e na ional A omic Ene gy
Agency) and GICNT (Global Ini ia i e o Comba Nuclea Te o ism) nuclea secu i y
de ec ion ac i i ies.
The GICNT was es ablished by Russia and he USA in 2006 (h ps://www.gicn .o g/).
They con inue o co-chai he ini ia i e. GICNT is a olun a y in e na ional pa ne ship
o 89 na ions and six in e na ional o ganiza ions. GICNT has h ee wo king g oups:
Nuclea De ec ion, Nuclea Fo ensics and Response & Mi iga ion. Thei wo k is
coo dina ed by he Implemen a ion and Assessmen G oup. In 2021, a STUK expe
se ed on GICNT's Leade ship Team and as in e im chai o i s Nuclea De ec ion
Wo king G oup (NDWG). In hese oles, a STUK expe pa icipa ed in he
p epa a ion o u u e GICNT e en s, he o ien a ion o he new chai o he NDWG, as
well as a ious o he mee ings and e en s. Fo he STUK expe he p epa a ion o
he Wa ch ul Viking exe cise was he la ges indi idual GICNT e o du ing 2021.
Among o he hings Wa ch ul Viking exe cise ocuses on egional coope a ion and
exchange o in o ma ion. No way and Finland we e due o hos i in Oslo in au umn
2021, bu he di icul co ona i us si ua ion did no allow his. A new da e some imes
in la e 2022 is now being sough o he e en .
GICNT and he IAEA coope a e closely. STUK expe has also con ibu ed o his
coope a ion. In addi ion, STUK expe has suppo ed he IAEA di ec ly in hei nuclea
secu i y de ec ion ela ed e o s. In No embe 2021, STUK expe o example ga e
a webina p esen a ion on Nuclea Secu i y De ec ion A chi ec u e S a egy, Design
and Planning - A Pe spec i e om Finland.
All 2021 GICNT and IAEA nuclea secu i y de ec ion ela ed ac i i ies we e ca ied
ou i ually.
