This wo k has ecei ed unding om he Eu opean Union’s Ho izon 2020
esea ch and inno a ion p og amme h ough he ATMO-ACCESS In eg a ing
Ac i i y unde g an ag eemen No 101008004
a mo-access.eu
Analysis o long- e m s a egy o aining and TNA ela ed o he h ee
access modali ies
Wo k package n°
4
Miles one / Deli e able n°
16
Lead bene icia y
EMPA
Au ho (s)
S e an Reimann, Vé onique Ri aul , An onia Zogka, Lucas Alados-
A boledas, Juan Luís Gue eo Rascado, Jan Pacne
Documen Type
epo
Dissemina ion Le el
public
Es ima ed deli e y da e
30 No embe 2024
Ac ual deli e y da e
17 July 2025
Ve sion
V1
Re iewed by
A iane Dubos
Accep ed by
Commen s
This epo was delayed by a ew mon hs o include he la es
de elopmen in e ms o i ual aining.
This wo k has ecei ed unding om he Eu opean Union’s Ho izon 2020
esea ch and inno a ion p og amme h ough he ATMO-ACCESS In eg a ing
Ac i i y unde g an ag eemen No 101008004
a mo-access.eu
Table o con en s
Analysis o long- e m s a egy o aining and TNA ela ed o he h ee access modali ies ............ 1
1. In oduc ion ..................................................................................................................................... 1
2. Repo s on exis ing aining componen s in ansna ional access ................................................ 1
3. Pilo TNAs o he h ee access modes, including hyb ids ............................................................ 2
3.1. Campaign-based aining (CBT) ......................................................................................................... 3
3.1.1 T aining ela ed o TNA a obse a ion si es, mobile pla o ms and chambe s ................................................ 3
3.1.2 T aining ela ed o TNA a Cen al Labo a o ies .............................................................................................. 3
3.2 T aining Schools .................................................................................................................................... 3
3.2.1 Physical Win e / Summe Schools ................................................................................................................... 4
3.2.2 Hyb id Schools (combined physical and emo e TNA) .................................................................................... 4
3.2.3 Vi ual Access ................................................................................................................................................... 6
This wo k has ecei ed unding om he Eu opean Union’s Ho izon 2020
esea ch and inno a ion p og amme h ough he ATMO-ACCESS In eg a ing
Ac i i y unde g an ag eemen No 101008004
a mo-access.eu
1. In oduc ion
T ansna ional access (TNA) has been used wi hin se e al Eu opean p ojec s ela ed o a mosphe ic
esea ch (e.g. ACTRIS, EUROCHAMP) o acili a e measu emen campaigns, p omo e knowledge
exchange, and suppo he educa ion o ea ly-ca ee scien is s ac oss Eu ope. An in eg al aspec o
hese TNAs has been he aining componen , especially o young scien is s. His o ically, TNA was
closely associa ed wi h physical access, o example, whe eby ins umen s om di e en ins i u es
we e ins alled in a speci ic loca ion, enabling scien is s ela ed o he espec i e ins umen s o lea n
om each o he and es ablish pe sonal connec ions. Physical access o aining schools has also been
a popula ea u e o pas TNAs.
This epo summa izes he ac i i ies pe o med in WP 4 o ATMO-ACCESS. Fi s , i p o ides an
o e iew o he s a us o aining ela ed o TNA a he beginning o ATMO-ACCESS, be o e he s a
o he p ojec . Then he con ex o Eu opean esea ch is conside ed. The epo hen summa izes he
exe cises and pilo s ela ed o aining and he di e en access modes (physical, emo e, hyb id, and
i ual) ela ed o he measu emen and analysis o ai quali y and g eenhouse gases. In-dep h analysis
o hese ac i i ies is a ailable in he espec i e deli e y epo s.
2. Repo s on exis ing aining componen s in ansna ional access
When he ATMO-ACCESS p ojec and i s aining componen in WP4 we e de ised, educing he
en i onmen al oo p in ela ed o hese ainings, which we e mos ly pe o med h ough physical
access, was a e y s ong mo i a ion o de eloping TNAs in a mo e sus ainable way. Howe e , du ing
he ecen Co id-19 pandemic, new emo e access ools (such as Zoom, Webex, and MS Teams)
became popula wi hin he esea ch communi y wi h no ex a e o s. The landscape a he beginning
o he p ojec was analyzed by p oducing wo epo s on TNA o aining ac i i ies: i s , TNA and
aining ela ed o physical access (D4.1: Repo on exis ing aining schemes in he a mosphe ic
domain ela ed o physical access); and second, TNA and aining ela ed o emo e access (D4.2 Repo
on exis ing aining schemes in he a mosphe ic domain ela ed o emo e access). These epo s
discussed he exis ing and u u e amoun s o aining ela ed o physical and emo e access (Figu e 1).
Be o e he pandemic, physical aining domina ed he TNAs in a mosphe ic sciences, ela ed o access
o esea ch in as uc u es (RI) and aining schools. A la ge inc ease in numbe s ela ed o emo e
access was obse ed due o he Co id pandemic si ua ion. Thus, aining schools and speci ic aining
a cen al acili ies, which would o he wise ha e been pe o med h ough physical access, ha e been
execu ed emo ely.
Wi h all he new emo e access ools a ailable a e he pandemic, i was concluded ha he
a mosphe ic communi y mus c i ically e alua e whe he he le el o physical aining ela ed o TNA
should e u n o p e-pandemic le els. Addi ionally, he po en ial o hyb id mode o all ypes o TNA
wi hin he a mosphe ic communi y should be explo ed.
This wo k has ecei ed unding om he Eu opean Union’s Ho izon 2020
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physical
emo e
Figu e 1: S a us o his o ical and u u e physical and emo e ainings ela ed o TNA a he beginning o ATMO-
ACCESS in 2021
3. Pilo TNAs o he h ee access modes, including hyb id
Figu e 2 summa izes he h ee access modes (physical, emo e, i ual) and illus a es he pilo es
cases discussed in his epo . These cases a e ela ed ei he o campaign-based aining o b oade
aining schools.
Figu e 2: Indi idual ainings pe o med in ATMO-ACCESS du ing TNA- ela ed campaigns and aining schools.
TNA- ela ed ainings can be pe o med in physical, emo e o i ual modes, as well as hyb id modes.
Addi ionally, he po en ial o ex ending he alue o i ual aining h ough emo e in e ac ion is shown, as
sugges ed in D.4.5 (Repo on he long- e m s a egy o aining and TNA ela ed o he h ee access modali ies).
This wo k has ecei ed unding om he Eu opean Union’s Ho izon 2020
esea ch and inno a ion p og amme h ough he ATMO-ACCESS In eg a ing
Ac i i y unde g an ag eemen No 101008004
a mo-access.eu
3.1. Campaign-based aining (CBT)
In campaign-based aining, ainees pa icipa e in campaigns a obse a ion si es (na ional acili ies)
o explo a o y pla o ms (mobile pla o ms o a mosphe ic simula ion chambe s). T aining a cen al
acili ies is also discussed unde CBT.
3.1.1 T aining ela ed o TNA a obse a ion si es, mobile pla o ms and chambe s
TNA a obse a ion si es, mobile pla o ms and chambe s o e ed a wide a ie y o possibili ies o
aining, om hands-on ins umen aining and so wa e and da a managemen knowledge ans e .
The use g oups a e ypically s uden s o ea ly-ca ee scien is s. This aining ype was pe o med in
he ame o he TNA WP (WP9) howe e he WP dedica ed o aining (WP4) acked hose TNAs,
p o ided suppo in inding e iewe s o hose applica ions and helped design speci ic applica ion
o ms.
In ATMO-ACCESS, campaign-based TNA was o en pe o med in hyb id mode, as a mix o physical and
emo e access. Scien is s we e usually only on-si e o he ins alla ion and deins alla ion o
ins umen s, and some imes he ins umen s we e shipped o he si es wi hou scien is s, wi h local
esea che s aking ca e o he ins umen s on-si e. On one side, his was e y cos -e icien in e ms o
he numbe o days spen on si e, and, i a el was no included, was also ecologically bene icial.
Howe e , his app oach poses a challenge in e ms o aining, as less ime was spen on si e, and i
was p ac ically impossible o ecei e on- he-job aining and es ablish pe sonal ne wo ks o u u e
scien i ic collabo a ion.
3.1.2 T aining ela ed o TNA a Cen al Labo a o ies
TNA- ela ed aining a he Cen al Labo a o ies ollowed he same pu pose as he campaign-based
aining. He e, scien is s ook ad an age o ins umen s being shipped o he Cen al Labo a o ies (e.g.
o ecalib a ion) and ecei ed physical aining in ins umen s and da a handling. In e ms o
e iciency, i was ecommended o combine se e al TNAs wi h aining a he Cen al Labo a o ies o
o pe o m aining emo ely. Rela ed o his, also i ual aining was de eloped ela ed o Cen al
Labo a o ies (see sec ion 3.2.3)
3.2 T aining Schools
T aining schools a e a e y common, well-es ablished way o aining young scien is s. The e a e
se e al long- e m aining schools in a mosphe ic sciences (such as he Hyy iäla summe and win e
schools), whe e bo h aine s and ainees a e physically p esen . Wi hin ATMO-ACCESS, we ha e
es ed new o ms in which some aine s pa icipa ed emo ely o wo independen aining
wo kshops we e connec ed emo ely, so ha aining bene icial o bo h pa ies could be sha ed. An
impo an inno a ion in ainings schools ela ed o a mosphe ic sciences was in oduced wi h a
MOOC (Massi e Open Online Cou se) on Resea ch In as uc u es connec ed o ATMO-ACCESS. Along
wi h a webina on c oss-RI aining, hese ainings we e used as pilo s o es he i ual TNA.

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3.2.1 Physical Win e / Summe Schools
Physical aining schools a e a adi ional me hod o aining young scien is s in measu emen and
sampling echniques, da a analysis and scien i ic w i ing. Du ing he COVID-19 pandemic, his o m o
aining was no possible and was pa ly eplaced by emo e o ma s. A e he es ic ions ended,
physical aining schools esumed. While he added- alue o physical in e ac ions is clea , he
en i onmen al impac o a el o he si e is a conce n in iew o en i onmen al sus ainabili y.
3.2.2 Hyb id Schools (combined physical and emo e TNA)
The hyb id o ma was es ed wi h wo di e en app oaches. Fi s , he AGORA (Andalusian Global
ObseR a o y o he A mosphe e) aining school co e ed he cha ac e iza ion o a mosphe ic ae osols
using in-si u and emo e sensing echniques and second a hyb id wo kshop on senso s and d ones
commonly o ganized by EMPA (Swi ze land) and he Cyp us Ins i u e (Cyp us).
In AGORA, he aining on Cha ac e iza ion o a mosphe ic ae osol using in si u and emo e sensing
echnique las ed 3 weeks. A e an ini ial emo e in e ac ion be ween s uden s, he s uden s mo ed
o he AGORA obse a o y, whe e hey ollowed he main pa o he cou se, including lec u es augh
in pe son o emo ely by he lec u e s, and de eloped p ac ical ac i i ies wo king wi h he
obse a o y's ins umen a ion. The inal phase o he summe school was conduc ed emo ely again.
The s uden s p incipally app o ed o his o ma . In i s i s edi ion in Sp ing 2023, i ga he ed 21
s uden s om 12 coun ies (including Spain, EU, US and La in Ame ica). Fu he in o ma ion can be
ound a ha link: h ps://www.a mo-access.eu/ago a-ae osol- aining-cou se-cha ac e iza ion-o -
a mosphe ic-ae osol-using-in-si u-and- emo e-sensing- echniques/ and some pic u es o he aining
a e a ailable in Figu e 3 below.
F om he eedback ga he ed om pa icipan s, his hyb id aining had se e al ad an ages. I p o ided
oppo uni ies o in e ac wi h excellen esea che s om a ound he wo ld, and he ace- o- ace
lec u es and hands-on ac i i ies we e well- ecei ed. The esea ch p ojec s and combina ion o in-si u
and emo e sensing aspec s o he ae osol opic we e also highligh ed. The pa icipan s said ha some
i ual lec u es could be imp o ed, and ime cons ain s led o exhaus ion (also hinking o ha ing
lec u es in di e en ime zones). Mo e ime dedica ed o physical in e ac ions o esea ch p ojec s
would be bene icial.
The i s edi ion o AGORA has been epea ed al eady once in 2024 and will be e un in a bi-annual
mode.
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Figu e 3: O e iew o he AGORA T aining o ganized in June 2023 (hands on aining on he le and lec u e on
he igh ).
Secondly, a hyb id wo kshop on senso s and d ones was o ganized in No embe 2024. I combined
aining on senso s o measu ing a mosphe ic ace gases in Swi ze land wi h a wo kshop on using
d ones o measu e hese compounds in Cyp us. In his case, almos all he aine s pa icipa ed
emo ely, and he lec u es ha co e ed common g ound o bo h opics we e sha ed (see Figu e 4).
Addi ionally, hands-on wo k was pe o med independen ly a bo h si es. Mo e han 20 pa icipan s
om 17 di e en coun ies including non-EU coun ies such as Lebanon, India, Pakis an, Tu key,
Nige ia and B azil a ended he ainings. Some s uden s we e suppo ed by ATMO-ACCESS TNA
p og amme. This o ma p o ed o be a success ul app oach o linking he wo communi ies in a e y
s aigh o wa d way. In his way, pa icipan s had he unique chance o lea n mo e om he wo
schools and hei speci ici ies. The eedback ga he ed was e y posi i e no ably wi h ega ds o he
in e ac ions linked o he physical aining and he in e connec ion be ween he wo classes.
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Figu e 4: O e iew o he hyb id au umn schools o ganized No embe 2024 a EMPA and CyI: pa icipan s in
Cyp us emo ely connec ed o a p esen a ion a EMPA.
3.2.3 Vi ual Access
The global accessibili y and con inuous a ailabili y o i ual aining ools a e a ac i e means o
knowledge ans e and s eng hen he impac o he p ojec beyond i s end da e and h ough global
ou each. He e he di e en pla o ms whe e i ual access was p o ided a e desc ibed.
3.2.3.1 T aining ideos
Th ee aining ideos ha e been c ea ed in ela ion o Cen al Labo a o ies: i s , on he use o an X-
ac ins umen o he online analysis o me als in ae osols (ACTRIS CAIS-ECAC); second, on he
applica ion o an online quali y assessmen ool o analyzing po en ial e o s in VOC da a (ACTRIS
CiGAS); and hi d, on explaining he da abases o a mosphe ic da a (EBAS).
The co esponding ideos a e a ailable h ough he ollowing links:
h ps://www.you ube.com/wa ch? =IcAF8oVR o&ab_channel=ATMO-ACCESS
h ps://polybox.e hz.ch/index.php/s/uI9WdN81AluL7gO
h ps://www.you ube.com/wa ch? =F18 egyC -g
IMT (F ance) also p oduced wo addi ional u o ials: one on he imese ies analysis se ice de eloped
wi hin ATMO-ACCESS; and he o he on analyzing olcanic plumes h ough he VOLCPLUME pla o m
which in eg a es a ious a mosphe ic da a om in si u measu emen s, emo e sensing and sa elli es
(Figu e 5) (h ps://www.a mo-access.eu/ u o ial- ideos/)
3.2.3.2 P e- eco ded webina s
P e- eco ded webina s a e an excellen , low-le el way o lea n abou a new ield. Wi hin he
g eenhouse gas communi y, ICOS o e s an excellen se ies o webina s on a ious opics. Topics
include aining on ICOS a mosphe ic measu emen s and guidance on inding and using ICOS da a
h ough i s web se ices. Mo e in o ma ion is a ailable he e:
h ps://www.icos-cp.eu/science-and-impac /educa ion/ eco ded-wo kshops-and-webina s
This wo k has ecei ed unding om he Eu opean Union’s Ho izon 2020
esea ch and inno a ion p og amme h ough he ATMO-ACCESS In eg a ing
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a mo-access.eu
Wi hin ATMO-ACCESS, he Na ional A mosphe ic Obse a o y Koše ice (NAOK) in he Czech Republic
p o ided an excellen mul iday c oss-RI webina ( ea u ing ACTRIS, ICOS, and EIRENE), wi h 16 lec u es
and 33 p ac ical ideos. I ea u ed ac i i ies connec ed wi h esea ch on a mosphe ic componen s
(ae osol, ace gases and clouds, GHGs luxes), en i onmen pollu an s (POPs), emo e sensing
applica ions and ai quali y in gene al. A special online o ma o he aining wo kshop allowed he
pa icipan s o manage each aining day acco ding o hei lea ning pace and iming schedule.
Mo eo e , p ac ical ideos showed all he de ails o daily ou ine wo k a he obse a o y. A he end
o each aining session, knowledge quizzes ocused on speci ic opics o es he newly acqui ed skills
o he pa icipan s. A o al o 137 ainees om 39 coun ies (wi h India, Poland and I aly being he 3
coun ies wi h he mos ainees) a ended his e en , which was dis ibu ed o e he globe. This again
demons a es he impac o i ual aining in engaging he in e na ional communi y. Mos o he
ainees we e pos g adua es. The cou se desc ip ion is a ailable a he ollowing link:
h ps://www.a mo-access.eu/a mosphe ic-and-en i onmen al- esea ch-in as uc u e-online-
aining/
3.2.3.3 MOOC (massi e open online cou se) and se ious game
Wi hin ATMO-ACCESS, IMT (F ance) was p ima ily esponsible o he i ual aining componen ,
p o iding he ollowing pilo i ual aining sessions:
In he MOOC (massi e open online cou se) i led "A mosphe ic Resea ch In as uc u es: Sha ing he
Fu u e o Ou A mosphe e", scien is s add essed ai pollu ion and clima e change issues and explained
he impo ance o a mosphe ic esea ch and he wo k low o ACTRIS, IAGOS and ICOS. The i s edi ion
ook place om Janua y o Feb ua y 2025, wi h 811 lea ne s en olled and he second imp o ed edi ion
ook place in May – June 2025, wi h 518 lea ne s en olled (Figu e 6). The second and hi d impo an
coun ies in e ms o ainees a e F ance we e China and India o his second edi ion, demons a ing
he a ac i eness o his ype o esou ce and i s abili y o enhance he in luence and isibili y o
Eu opean RIs. Finally, in July 2025, a "se ious game" i led "Wha 's going on in he ai ?", was eleased.
I co e ed ae osol p ope ies ia emo e sensing. No s a is ics on he se ious game we e a ailable a
he ime his epo was w i en.