No es and e e ences
Tools o desc ibe and
clean da ase s
O e iew and analysis o open schola ly me ada a da abases
A 2-yea e ospec i e in o he open in o ma ion
landscape: Lea nings om he TOBI p ojec
Te esa Kubacka, Simon Willemin, Julian Dede ke (ETH Lib a y, ETH Zu ich, Swi ze land)
•Ini ial assessmen showed a wide a ie y o
da abase sizes in he open esea ch in o ma ion
landscape; global da abases a e expec ed o
con ain mo e han 10 million bibliog aphic
en i ies1
Ac ions o imp o e he quali y o open
schola ly me ada a in Swi ze land
•Cu a i e ac ions. Cleaning and cu a ion o
ins i u ional me ada a in ROR5and OpenO gs6
•TOBI Po olio. Collec ion o Jupy e No ebooks
o suppo he use o open bibliome ic da a
sou ces in highe educa ion ins i u ions7
•Recommenda ions pape . Pape wi h 14
ecommenda ions o enhance he isibili y o
esea ch in he open esea ch in o ma ion
landscape8
•De ini ions and diag ams o iden i y and desc ibe
in e dependence be ween columns in a gi en da ase allow
o a mo e sys ema ic app oach o da a cleaning4
05/2013
DORA
Decla -
a ion
2021
UNESCO
Recom-
menda ion
Open
Science
2021
S a
Swiss
P og am
OS I
(2021-4)
07/2022
CoARA
Ag ee-
men
03/2023
S a o
TOBI
p ojec
01/2024
Open
Edi ion
Leiden
Ranking
04/2024
Ba celona
Decla a-
ion
2025
S a
Swiss
P og am
OS II
(2025-8)
06/2025
End o
TOBI
p ojec
1 Kubacka, T., & Willemin, S. (2023). E alua ing he quali y and eliabili y o open bibliome ic da a o coun y-wide esea ch
assessmen pu poses in Swi ze land –insigh s om p ojec TOBI [Con e ence p esen a ion]. WOOC2023, Bologna, I aly, slide 11,
doi:10.5281/zenodo.10041143
2 Dede ke, J., Koch, M., & Willemin, S. (2024). The Rep esen a ion o Swiss Highe Educa ion Ins i u ions in Fi e Bibliome ic
Da abases. Quali ä in de Wissenscha , 2024(4), 117-124, doi:10.3929/e hz-b-000726102. Unde lying da a: Koch, M., Dede ke,
J., & Willemin, S. (2024). Publica ion coun s o Swiss Highe Educa ion Ins i u ions in i e bibliome ic da abases (2012-2022)
[Da ase ], doi:10.3929/e hz-b-000694041
3 See also: Willemin, S. (2024). Wha do open global schola ly me ada a da abases con ain? [Con e ence p esen a ion]. OR2024,
Go henbu g, Sweden, slides 21-25, doi:10.5281/zenodo.12514344
4 (in p ess) Willemin, S. (2025). Two de ini ions o cha ac e ize he ela ions be ween columns in a gi en schola ly me ada a da a
se . Quan i a i e Science S udies, doi:10.1162/qss_a_00362
5 See o ins ance: h ps://gi hub.com/ o -communi y/ o -upda es/issues/12828
6 OpenO gs, h ps://openo gs.openai e.eu
7 Gi yes, E., Willemin, S., Dede ke, J., & Kubacka, T. (2025). TOBI po olio, h ps://gi hub.com/e h-lib a y/ obi-po olio
8 Willemin, S. (Ed.) (2025). Recommenda ions o Swiss Highe Educa ion Ins i u ions o enhance he isibili y o hei esea ch
ou pu , ETH Lib a y, ETH Zu ich, doi:10.3929/e hz-b-000735240
TOBI (Towa ds Open Bibliome ic Indica o s) is a p ojec ha aims o e alua e he quali y o open
bibliome ic da a sou ces ega ding esea ch a ilia ed wi h Swiss Highe Educa ion Ins i u ions
(h ps://e h-lib a y.gi hub.io/ obi).
41%44%
2%
12%
Swiss popula ion by language
62%23%
8%
Language egions in Swi ze land
7% o all a icles
a e no in English
F ench
Ge man O he
I alian
Fig.1: O e iew o da abases wi h mo e han 10 million eco ds. Fig.2: Di e ing a icle coun s ac oss open and es ablished
da abases o selec ed Swiss HEIs (a g pe yea , 2018-2022). Fig.3: De ec ed languages o all a icles au ho ed in
Swi ze land in 2017-2023 (OpenAlex).
•In OpenAlex, he e a e less a icles
au ho ed in Swi ze land a ibu ed o
Ge man han o F ench, al hough mo e
han 60% o he popula ion is Swiss
Ge man- and Ge man-speaking and
less han 25% is F ench-speaking3
•Pa e ns o publica ion numbe s di e ac oss
open (and closed) bibliome ic da abases;
smalle size ins i u ions a e a a disad an age
when i comes o moni o ing hei scien i ic
ou pu 2
