ISSN: 2582-4686 SJIF 2021-3.261,SJIF 2022-2.889,
2024-6.875 Resea chBib IF: 9.948 / 2024
VOLUME-5, ISSUE-10
139
TECHNICAL REQUIREMENTS FOR SMALL-SIZED TRACTORS
Ashi o Vosi Rakhma ullae ich
Doc o al S uden , Tashken S a e Technical Uni e si y
Abs ac . This a icle p esen s in o ma ion on he de elopmen and implemen a ion o a small-
sized ege able-g owing ac o designed o use in g eenhouses and household plo s. The
ac o ea u es adjus able wheel ack wid h adap able o c op ow spacing and a high g ound
clea ance sui able o ege able cul i a ion condi ions.
Keywo ds: small-sized ac o , wheel ack, g ound clea ance, ag o echnical gap, adap a ion,
ege able a ming, ow spacing, household a ming, agg ega ion, implemen a ion.
ТЕХНИЧЕСКИЕ ТРЕБОВАНИЯ К МАЛОГАБАРИТНЫМ ТРАКТОРАМ
Аширов Восит Рахматуллоевич
Докторант Ташкентского государственного технического университета
Аннотация. В данной статье представлены сведения о разработке и внедрении
малогабаритного овощеводческого трактора, предназначенного для использования в теплицах
и на приусадебных участках. Трактор характеризуется регулируемой колеёй, адаптируемой к
междурядьям сельскохозяйственных культур, и высоким дорожным просветом,
обеспечивающим эффективную работу в условиях овощеводства.
Ключевые слова: малогабаритный трактор, колея, дорожный просвет, агротехнический зазор,
адаптация, овощеводство, междурядья, приусадебные хозяйства, агрегатирование, внедрение.
КИЧИК ЎЛЧАМЛИ ТРАКТОРГА ҚЎЙИЛГАН ТЕХНИК ТАЛАБЛАР
Аширов Восит Раҳматуллоевич
Тошкент Давлат Техника Университети докторанти
Аннотация. Ушбу мақолада иссиқхоналар ва аҳоли томорқа ер майдонларида ишлатиш учун
ғилдираклар колеяси ўсимлик қаторларига мосланувчан, баланд клиренсга эга кичик ўлчамли
сабзавотчилик тракторини ишлаб чиқиш ва жорий этишга оид маълумотлар келтирилган.
Калит сўзлар: кичик ўлчамли трактор, колея, клиренс, агротехник тирқиш, мослаштириш,
сабзавотчилик, қатор оралари, томорқа хўжаликлари, агрегатлаш, жорий этиш.
In oduc ion. In ecen yea s, scien i ic esea ch has been ac i ely conduc ed wo ldwide on he
de elopmen o a new gene a ion o small-sized ege able-g owing ac o s wi h adjus able on and
ea axle ack wid h and high maneu e abili y. These ac o s a e designed o ensu e ag o echnical
passabili y and e icien pe o mance o ag icul u al ope a ions such as sowing ege able and po a o
c ops, cul i a ing ow spaces, main aining plan s, and ha es ing. Wi hin his esea ch di ec ion, one
o he key objec i es is o de elop s uc u al designs o on axles, d i e b idges, and s ee ing
mechanisms wi h adjus able ans e se base and ag o echnical clea ance, sui able o small-sized
ISSN: 2582-4686 SJIF 2021-3.261,SJIF 2022-2.889,
2024-6.875 Resea chBib IF: 9.948 / 2024
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ac o s.
In g eenhouses and small household a ms, he di e si y o ield plo sizes and he a iabili y o c op
ow spacing p esen speci ic challenges. Among ege able c ops, chili peppe s, eggplan s, oma oes,
and po a oes a e cha ac e ized by ela i ely alle plan heigh s. Pa icula ly o po a o cul i a ion,
ube o ma ion du ing he ege a ion pe iod equi es epea ed and g adual idging o ensu e op imal
yield.
Small-sized ac o s a e widely used in small-scale household a ms. They can be equipped wi h
ploughs and ac i e wo king ools o soil p epa a ion be o e sowing, idge o ma ion, seeding, in e -
ow cul i a ion, and anspo a ion o aile s. The use o small-sized ac o s o soil loosening,
depending on soil condi ions, inc eases labo p oduc i i y by 5-10 imes compa ed o manual
ope a ions and by 5-15 imes in anspo a ion asks.
The pe o mance e iciency and quali y-ene gy indica o s o machine- ac o agg ega es based on
small-sized ac o s la gely depend on he ope a o ’s in ol emen in he wo k p ocess, con ol
ope a ions, mo emen ajec o y main enance, engine con ol, and se e al o he ac o s.
Fo eign expe ience in small-sized ac o manu ac u ing demons a es a wide a ie y o models and
b ands, wi h engine powe anging om 5 o 15 kW. The e o e, based on he analysis o he
ope a ional expe ience o small-sized ac o s in ege able and po a o cul i a ion on limi ed land plo s
- in pa icula , he expe imen al p ac ices o he Resea ch Ins i u e o Vege able, Melon and Po a o
C ops - he main ag o echnological p ocesses ha small-sized ac o s mus pe o m ha e been
iden i ied.
Based on he abo e-men ioned analysis and he p ac ical expe ience o using small-sized ac o s in
he a ms o he Republic, he main ag o echnical, echnical, and echnological equi emen s o
ac o s in ended o use in small-scale a me and household plo s a e as ollows:
– he abili y o plough soil o a dep h o 18–20 cm and loosen soil up o 20 cm; ha ow he soil su ace
a a dep h o 6–8 cm;
– pe o m o a y illage ( o a y cul i a ion) a a dep h o 6–12 cm and disc illage a a dep h o 10–15
cm;
– apply mine al and o ganic e ilize s and pe o m combined ield ope a ions;
– p o ec c ops agains ag icul u al pes s; pe o m po a o cul i a ion and ha es ing ope a ions
(plan ing, hoeing, o ming i iga ion u ows, digging ube s, anspo ing he yield, e c.);
– pe o m ege able c op cul i a ion (plan ing, cul i a ion, o ming i iga ion idges, and o he ela ed
asks).
The small-sized ac o mus be equipped wi h he co esponding wo king implemen s and
a achmen s necessa y o pe o m he abo e ag o echnical p ocesses o he cul i a ion and ha es ing
o ege able and po a o c ops.
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Figu e 1. O e all dimensions o he small-sized ac o
Depending on he assigned asks, he size o he land plo , and ce ain objec i e ac o s ha may
sligh ly in luence he selec ion o machine y - such as e ain and soil s uc u e - he app op ia e
ag icul u al machine y is selec ed (Figu e 1).
Ab oad, in ag icul u al p oduc ion, along wi h la ge-sized s anda d ac o s wi h no mal wheel ack
wid h, na ow- ack and sho -wheelbase compac ac o s a e also widely used. Due o hei small
o e all dimensions, such ac o s a e mo e e ec i e o ope a ions in c op p oduc ion ( i icul u e,
ho icul u e), li es ock a ming, moun ain ag icul u e, as well as o pe o ming a ious asks in
small-con ou and con ined a eas o municipal se ices.
The main echnical speci ica ions o cu en ly used and impo ed small-sized ac o s a e p esen ed
in Table 1.
Table 1
Main echnical speci ica ions o mode n small-sized ac o s used in ege able a ming
№
Name,
designa ion, and
uni o
measu emen
Model o wheeled ac o
Soliz
S20
(India)
Soliz
S26
(India)
Zub С221
(China)
Zub С201
(China)
ChIMG
AN 160
(China)
ChIMGA
N 220
(China)
ChIMG
AN
TL254
(China)
ЧИМГА
Н
LD254
(China)
1
T ac ion class
(kN)
2,0
3,0
2,0
2,0
2,0
2,0
3,0
3,0
2
Wheel o mula
4К4
4К4
4К2
4К2
4К2
4К2
4К4
4К4
3
T ack wid h, cm:
F on - В1
885
835
120,130,
140 - 170
120,130,
140 - 170
100,0
100,0
140,0
120,0
Rea - В2
835
835
120,130,14
0 -170
120,130,
140 - 170
100,0
100,0
130,0
120,0
4
Wheelbase, L, mm
1500
1420
1450
1450
1200
1200
1500
1500
5
Ag o echnical
clea ance, Ат, mm
240
240
350
350
290
290
290
280
6
Mass, mТ, kg,
995
970
600-650
600
550
600
1400
1300
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7
Ra ed powe , Nе,
кW (h.p.)
14,7
(20)
19,1
(26)
16,2
(22)
14,7
(20)
11,8
(16)
16,2 (22)
18,4
(25)
18,4 (25)
8
Numbe o
cylinde s
3
3
1
1
1
1
3
3
Acco ding o he da a p esen ed in Table 1, he adjus men o he ack wid h o small-sized ac o s
is ca ied ou mainly by changing he ins alla ion posi ion o he wheel discs in di e en
con igu a ions. Howe e , since he ag o echnical clea ance o hese ac o s anges om
app oxima ely 280 o 350 mm, i is insu icien o pe o ming in e - ow cul i a ion o ege able
c ops. In addi ion, o adap such ac o s o ege able ows wi h a spacing o 60 cm, i becomes
necessa y o ins all an addi ional a achmen on he ea axle, as well as o eplace he inal d i es and
moun a on d i ing axle wi h inc eased ag o echnical clea ance.
Re e ences
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