377
Ou comes o he LIFE INVASAQUA p ojec : An in eg a ed
app oach o he p e en ion and awa eness o aqua ic in asi e
species in he Ibe ian Peninsula
Celia López-Cañiza es1, Rosa Oli o del Amo1, An onio Guillén-Bel án1, Ma To al a1,
Ped o Anas ácio2,3 , Filipe Banha3, Ped o B andão3, Sand a Ba ca4, Fe nando Cobo4,
Ru ino Viei a-Lane o4, F ede ic Casals5,6 , Jo ge R. Sánchez-González5,6 , Anabel Pe dices7,
Annie Macho dom7, Ra ael Mi anda8, Ja ie Oscoz8, Ca he ine Numa9, Helena Cla e o-Sousa9,
Lou des Láza o-Ma ín9, Filipe Ribei o10 , F ancisco J. O icialdegui1,11 , José M. Zamo a-Ma ín1,12 ,
F ancisco J. Oli a-Pa e na1
1 Depa men o Zoology and Physical An h opology, Facul y o Biology, Uni e si y o Mu cia, CEIR Campus Ma e Nos um (CMN), Mu cia, Spain
2 Depa men o Landscape, En i onmen and Planning, Uni e si y o É o a, É o a, Po ugal
3 MARE - Ma ine and En i onmen al Sciences Cen e, Uni e si y o É o a, É o a, Po ugal
4 Labo a o y o Hyd obiology, Depa men o Zoology, Gene ics and Physical An h opology, Uni e si y o San iago de Compos ela, San iago de Compos ela, Spain
5 Depa men o Animal Science, Uni e si y o Lleida, Lleida, Spain
6 Cen e de Ciència i Tecnologia Fo es al de Ca alunya (CTFC), Lleida, Solsona, Spain
7 Depa men o Biodi e si y and E olu iona y Biology, CSIC- Na ional Museum o Na u al Sciences, Mad id, Spain
8 Ins i u o de Biodi e sidad y Medioambien e (BIOMA), Uni e si y o Na a a, Pamplona, Spain
9 IUCN Cen e o Medi e anean Coope a ion, Málaga, Spain
10 MARE - Ma ine and En i onmen al Sciences Cen e, Uni e si y o Lisbon, Lisbon, Po ugal
11 Sou h Bohemian Resea ch Cen e o Aquacul u e and Biodi e si y o Hyd ocenoses, Facul y o Fishe ies and P o ec ion o Wa e s, Uni e si y o Sou h Bohemia
in České Budějo ice, Vodňany, Czech Republic
12 Depa men o Applied Biology, Cen e o Ag i-Food Resea ch and Inno a ion (CIAGRO-UMH), Miguel He nández Uni e si y, Elche, Spain
Co esponding au ho s: Celia López-Cañiza es ([email p o ec ed]); F ancisco J. Oli a-Pa e na ([email p o ec ed])
Copy igh : © Celia López-Cañiza es e al.
This is an open access a icle dis ibu ed unde
e ms o he C ea i e Commons A ibu ion
License (A ibu ion 4.0 In e na ional – CC BY 4.0).
P ojec Desc ip ion
Abs ac
In asi e alien species (IAS) pose a g owing h ea o biodi e si y, ecosys em se ices and human
well-being, pa icula ly in aqua ic ecosys ems wo ldwide. These species lead o se e e en i onmen al
and economic impac s by al e ing habi a s, dis up ing ecological p ocesses and ou compe ing na i e
species. In he Ibe ian Peninsula, IAS ep esen a majo isk o i s unique eshwa e and es ua ine
ecosys ems, which a e pa icula ly ulne able o biological in asions due o hei connec ion o hu-
man ac i i ies and high numbe o endemic species. Awa eness o IAS and hei impac s among he
gene al public and s akeholde s in Spain and Po ugal emains limi ed, hinde ing e ec i e manage-
men s a egies and policies. The LIFE INVASAQUA p ojec (2018–2023), co- unded by he LIFE
P og amme o he Eu opean Commission (LIFE17 GIE/ES/000515), aimed o suppo manage-
men , communica ion and he dissemina ion o in o ma ion on aqua ic IAS in he Ibe ian Peninsula.
To achie e his, di e se pa ne s we e in ol ed, including uni e si ies, esea ch ins i u ions, an en i-
onmen al news agency and NGOs. Key ac ions included he p oduc ion o go e nance ools such
as s a egic ecommenda ions and IAS p io i y lis s and communica ion esou ces such as a a eling
exhibi ion o he public and codes o conduc o s akeholde s. The p ojec deli e ed 98 aining
ac i i ies o o e 2,900 pa icipan s and engaged mo e han 430 ins i u ions and 246,000 people
h ough 598 public e en s in Spain and Po ugal. LIFE INVASAQUA signi ican ly enhanced public
awa eness and ansna ional collabo a ion, e idenced by imp o ed communica ion, inc eased social
media engagemen , and posi i e shi s in public pe cep ion, as e ealed by 7,078 eco ds o a su ey
Academic edi o : Ana No oa
Recei ed:
6 Feb ua y 2025
Accep ed:
16 May 2025
Published:
7 Oc obe 2025
NeoBio a 102: 377–397 (2025)
DOI: 10.3897/neobio a.102.148744
Ad ancing esea ch on alien species and biological in asions
A pee - e iewed open-access jou nal
NeoBio a
378
NeoBio a 102: 377–397 (2025), DOI: 10.3897/neobio a.102.148744
Celia López-Cañiza es e al.: LIFE INVASAQUA ou comes: P e en ing and aising awa eness o aqua ic IAS
based on a ques ionnai e on he Ibe ian public’s pe spec i es. These ou comes os e s eng hened
IAS managemen amewo ks and suppo implemen a ion o ele an Eu opean and na ional egu-
la ions. The p ojec ’s long- e m e o s ocus on de eloping and eplica ing ac ions wi h he g ea es
audience each and he highes impac on public pe cep ion o IAS issues. Lessons lea ned include
he impo ance o sus ained public engagemen , he need o con inued s akeholde collabo a ion,
and he e ec i eness o in eg a ing educa ional campaigns wi h policy en o cemen o sus ained
success in IAS managemen .
Key wo ds: Biological in asions, communica ion, eshwa e sys ems, go e nance, public engage-
men , ansna ional managemen
In oduc ion
Biological in asions occu when species in oduced beyond hei na u al anges
nega i ely a ec biodi e si y and ecosys em se ices, ac ing as a d i e o global
change wi h ecological, heal h and economic impac s (Diagne e al. 2021; IP-
BES 2023). Human ac i i ies such as globaliza ion and habi a al e a ion in luence
hei apid sp ead (Seebens e al. 2017; Hulme 2021), while clima e change c ea es
a ou able condi ions o hei es ablishmen (Galla do e al. 2018).
Eu ope has wi nessed a apid inc ease in IAS in oduc ions o e he las i e de-
cades, and p ojec ions o esee a 64% inc ease by 2050 (Seebens e al. 2021). Type
and se e i y o impac s a e une enly dis ibu ed ac oss Membe S a es (MS) and
biogeog aphic egions, wi h a eas such as he Ibe ian Peninsula acing heigh ened
ulne abili ies. This is due o i s high eshwa e and es ua ine endemici y, a ied
en i onmen al g adien s and ype o ecosys ems and i s connec ion o humans’
ac i i ies ha a ou s IAS es ablishmen (Muñoz-Mas and Ga cía-Be hou 2020;
O icialdegui e al. 2023a). The Regula ion EU 1143/2014 on IAS (EU Regula ion
on IAS) emphasises he need o ha monised e o s o p e en IAS in oduc ions,
es ablish su eillance sys ems, and implemen e ec i e managemen . This equi es
obus ansna ional collabo a ion, as hei impac s o en ex end beyond na ion-
al bounda ies. Coo dina ion among go e nmen s, in e na ional en i ies, NGOs,
and local s akeholde s is essen ial o ackle agmen ed managemen p ac ices and
implemen cohesi e s a egies. Ea ly s akeholde engagemen du ing he planning
and execu ion phases os e s sha ed esponsibili y, enhances moni o ing e o s,
and acili a es he exchange o bes p ac ices ac oss egions. In eg a ed ac ions, leg-
isla ion and sound go e nance amewo ks a e essen ial o achie ing meaning ul
p og ess in IAS managemen (Magliozzi e al. 2024).
Inland wa e s a e pa icula ly ulne able o biological in asions due o hei
high connec i i y wi h human ac i i ies, which acili a es he in oduc ion and
sp ead o IAS h ough pa hways such as angling, ec ea ional boa ing, and he pe
ade (Nunes e al. 2015; Hulme 2021). These ecosys ems a e also equen ly al-
e ed by an h opogenic p essu es, including wa e egula ion, pollu ion, and habi-
a agmen a ion, u he inc easing hei suscep ibili y o new species a i als. As
a esul , IAS ha e become one o he p ima y h ea s o endemic aqua ic biodi e -
si y, leading o declines in na i e species and al e a ions in ecosys em s uc u e and
unc ions (Galla do e al. 2016; Flood e al. 2020; McFadden e al. 2023).
The Ibe ian Peninsula ha bou s unique eshwa e and es ua ine ecosys ems
inc easingly h ea ened by biological in asions, which a e exace ba ed by in-
ensi e human ac i i y, habi a deg ada ion, and clima e change. In pa icula ,
Ci a ion: López-Cañiza es C,
Oli o del Amo R, Guillén-Bel án
A, To al a M, Anas ácio P,
Banha F, B andão P, Ba ca
S, Cobo F, Viei a-Lane o R,
Casals F, Sánchez-González
JR, Pe dices A, Macho dom
A, Mi anda R, Oscoz J, Numa
C, Cla e o-Sousa H, Láza o-
Ma ín L, Ribei o F, O icialdegui
FJ, Zamo a-Ma ín JM, Oli a-
Pa e na FJ (2025) Ou comes o
he LIFE INVASAQUA p ojec :
An in eg a ed app oach o he
p e en ion and awa eness o
aqua ic in asi e species in he
Ibe ian Peninsula. In: Anas ácio
P, Ribei o F, Chainho P (Eds)
In asions in Aqua ic Sys ems.
NeoBio a 102: 377–397.
h ps://doi.o g/10.3897/
neobio a.102.148744
379
NeoBio a 102: 377–397 (2025), DOI: 10.3897/neobio a.102.148744
Celia López-Cañiza es e al.: LIFE INVASAQUA ou comes: P e en ing and aising awa eness o aqua ic IAS
a high numbe o endemic Ibe ian aqua ic species a e ulne able o compe i-
ion, p eda ion, and habi a al e a ion caused by IAS (Doad io 2001; C uz and
Rebelo 2005; Ve dú e al. 2011; Ruiz-Na a o e al. 2013; Boiei o e al. 2023;
Magalhães e al. 2023).
While he global economic cos s o IAS amoun o US$345 billion (Cu hbe
e al. 2021), his bu den eaches US$140.20 billion ac oss Eu opean coun ies
(Haub ock e al. 2021). In Spain, he economic cos s associa ed wi h IAS be ween
1997 and 2022 amoun ed o €232 million (Angulo e al. 2021), which includes,
o example, €50 million spen on con olling he wa e hyacin h Pon ede ia c as-
sipes (=Eiccho nia c assipes) in he Guadiana Ri e basin (MITECO 2019, Spain)
(h ps://www.mi eco.gob.es/en/biodi e sidad/publicaciones/pbl_ auna_ lo a_es-
a egia_camalo e.h ml), while in Po ugal, he economic cos s eached US$7.89
billion. Howe e , cos s dis ibu ion and upda ed a ailable in o ma ion a e une en
ac oss coun ies, egions and species (Angulo e al. 2021; Haub ock e al. 2021).
Gi en ha majo wa e sheds a e sha ed be ween Spain and Po ugal, join go -
e nance and ansna ional coope a ion a e essen ial o ensu e cohesi e and e ec i e
managemen s a egies. Bo h coun ies ace common challenges in managing IAS,
including low public awa eness, lack o knowledge on go e nmen in e en ions,
poo coo dina ion among managemen au ho i ies and limi ed unding (Oli a-Pa-
e na e al. 2022). The implemen a ion o he EU Regula ion on IAS is ancho ed
in na ional amewo ks in bo h coun ies, including he Spanish IAS ca alogue
(Real Dec e o 630/2013) and he Po uguese Na ional Lis o IAS (Dec e o Lei
92/2019). Mo eo e , Spain is di ided in o 17 Au onomous Regional Communi-
ies wi h di e en policies owa ds IAS and wildli e managemen , inc easing he
legal dispa i ies wi hin he coun y and be ween coun ies. Despi e hese legisla i e
e o s, achie ing he egula ion’s objec i es a he na ional le el equi es s on-
ge collabo a ion among adminis a i e agencies and policy make s, NGOs, and
s akeholde s. In addi ion, sca e ed scien i ic da a and echnical knowledge exace -
ba e hese challenges (O icialdegui e al. 2023a; Zamo a-Ma ín e al. 2023). The
gene al public end o unde es ima e IAS h ea s, especially o species wi hou
appa en socioeconomic impac s, which u he delays policy adop ion and ein-
o ces misconcep ions abou IAS managemen (Banha e al. 2017, 2022).
Success ully implemen ed Eu opean ini ia i es such as he LIFE ASAP
(Cogoni e al. 2017), AlienScena ios (Essl e . al 2019), In asiBES (Galla do
e al. 2019), and LIFE ARTEMIS (de G oo e al. 2020) p ojec s unde sco ed
he c i ical ole o collabo a i e e o s in add essing IAS ac oss Eu ope. These
ini ia i es highligh ed he impo ance o upda ing a ailable in o ma ion on IAS
dis ibu ion and he key a eas whe e u he communica ion e o s should be
p io i ised o imp o e he e ec i eness o managemen . The knowledge gained
h ough hese expe iences emphasises ha no single coun y can ackle biolog-
ical in asions alone and ha c oss-bo de pa ne ships a e essen ial o add ess
biological in asions. These collabo a i e p ojec s es ablished p inciples o ep-
licabili y o managemen and communica ion e o s in o he Eu opean coun-
ies (Rou a-Pascual e al. 2024). Thei posi i e impac is e iden in eme ging
ini ia i es as he LIFE PREDATOR (De San is e al. 2024) and Gua dIAS
(Ka sane akis e al. 2024) p ojec s designed o es upda ed app oaches o IAS
managemen and s akeholde s’ in ol emen h ough inno a i e ools, such as
en i onmen al DNA (eDNA), a i icial in elligence, nano echnology and ci izen
science (Banha e al. 2017; Coya e al. 2025).
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Celia López-Cañiza es e al.: LIFE INVASAQUA ou comes: P e en ing and aising awa eness o aqua ic IAS
In he Ibe ian Peninsula, he LIFE INVASAQUA p ojec (2018–2023) eme ged
in esponse o a p essing need: add essing he pe sis en challenges posed by aqua -
ic IAS in he sha ed ecosys ems, whe e isola ed na ional e o s a e insu icien .
Fu he mo e, he p ojec aimed o b idge c ucial gaps in upda ed knowledge and
capaci y building by equipping en i onmen al manage s, policymake s, and he
gene al public wi h essen ial esou ces o IAS p e en ion and managemen .
Objec i es, scope and pa ne ships
LIFE INVASAQUA (pe iod 2018–2023) was a Eu opean En i onmen al Go e -
nance and In o ma ion p ojec co- unded by he LIFE P og amme o he Eu ope-
an Commission. The p ojec add essed he challenges posed by aqua ic IAS in he
eshwa e and es ua ine ecosys ems o he Ibe ian Peninsula aiming a imp o ing
awa eness, go e nance and managemen s a egies o mi iga e he impac s o hese
IAS. The main objec i es o LIFE INVASAQUA we e o: (1) p o ide suppo
and enable he implemen a ion o he EU Regula ion on IAS by c ea ing syne -
gies be ween scien is s and manage s; (2) inc ease s akeholde esponse capaci y
and awa eness o he h ea s posed by aqua ic IAS h ough ex ensi e communi-
ca ion and aining e o s aiming a enhancing ea ly wa ning and apid esponse
(EWRR) mechanisms; and (3) aise awa eness among he gene al public abou he
h ea s caused by aqua ic IAS h ough a mass communica ion campaign (Fig. 1).
The p ojec ac ions amewo k was designed o s eng hen esea ch, p omo e
knowledge ans e and engage s akeholde s a bo h na ional and ansna ional
le els, he eby ensu ing a coo dina ed app oach o IAS managemen . I a ge ed a
wide ange o s akeholde s, including public adminis a ion o icials, en i onmen-
al manage s, su eillance agen s, esea che s, NGOs, and key use g oups such
as ec ea ional angle s and wa e spo s p ac i ione s. I also engaged he gene al
public h ough educa ion and awa eness campaigns.
LIFE INVASAQUA b ough oge he a mul idisciplina y conso ium om
Spain and Po ugal, including ou Uni e si ies, a na ional museum, h ee NGOs
and an in e na ional communica ion agency (Fig. 1).
All pa ne s we e in ol ed in a wide ange o p ojec ac ions, p omo ing col-
labo a ion and syne gies amongs hem, including public dissemina ion ac i i ies.
Fo example, he uni e si ies o he conso ium and he Ibe ian Socie y o Ich-
hyology (SIBIC) ocused on knowledge ans e and go e nance ini ia i es by
de eloping IAS p io i isa ion lis s and s a egic managemen guidelines. The con-
so ium NGOs ocused on public engagemen ac i i ies such as ci izen science ini-
ia i es, olun ee ing and educa ional ac i i ies. The Museum o Na u al Sciences
(MNCN-CSIC) played a key ole in a ge ing he gene al public by implemen ing
a a elling exhibi ion and also suppo ing aining ac ions o s akeholde s. The
In e na ional Union o Conse a ion o Na u e (IUCN-Med) also p omo ed he
ans e abili y and eplica ion plan while EFE Ve de communica ion agency was
mainly in cha ge o de eloping and implemen ing he communica ion s a egy.
In addi ion, 30 p e-es ablished ag eemen s we e se wi h a wide ange o en i ies,
such as p i a e companies, consul ancies and di e se NGOs o ensu e s akeholde
collabo a ion, os e ing a uni ied esponse and acili a ing he exchange o bes
p ac ices in IAS managemen .
The p ojec was unded by a o al budge o 3,075,139 € (59.99% co- unded by
he LIFE P og amme o he Eu opean Commission).
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NeoBio a 102: 377–397 (2025), DOI: 10.3897/neobio a.102.148744
Celia López-Cañiza es e al.: LIFE INVASAQUA ou comes: P e en ing and aising awa eness o aqua ic IAS
Figu e 1. F amewo k o he LIFE INVASAQUA p ojec . A he op, he p ojec logo is displayed ollowed by he Uni e si y o Mu cia
(coo dina o ) and bene icia ies’ logos: he Ibe ian Socie y o Ich hyology (SIBIC), he Uni e si y o San iago de Compos ela, IUCN -
Cen e o Medi e anean Coope a ion (UICN-Med), he Po uguese Associa ion o En i onmen al Educa ion (ASPEA), he Uni e si y
o Na a a, he Uni e si y o É o a (UEV) oge he wi h he Ma ine and En i onmen al Sciences Cen e (MARE), EFE news agency
(EFE Ve de sec ion) and he Na ional Museum o Na u al Sciences (MNCN-CSIC). Those a e ollowed by he logos o he suppo ing
en i ies (Minis y o Ecological T ansi ion and he Demog aphic Challenge – Fundación Biodi e sidad and he Go e nmen o Na a a).
The connec ions be ween he speci ic objec i es and Wo k Packages (WPs) a e shown below, highligh ing he leading pa ne o each WP.
S uc u e and app oach
The p ojec was o ganised in o six Wo k Packages (WPs) (Fig. 1), each designed o
add ess a speci ic aspec o IAS managemen in he Ibe ian Peninsula. This s uc u e
ensu ed a comp ehensi e app oach, combining go e nance, aining o ele an key
g oups, awa eness, scien i ic inno a ion, and s akeholde engagemen . The coo dina-
ion be ween pa ne s allowed o he e icien execu ion o ac i i ies, om de elop-
ing s a egic ools and educa ional campaigns o os e ing ansna ional coope a ion.
By sys ema ically o ganizing i s ac ions, LIFE INVASAQUA achie ed impac ul and
sus ainable ou comes, se ing a benchma k o u u e IAS managemen ini ia i es.
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Celia López-Cañiza es e al.: LIFE INVASAQUA ou comes: P e en ing and aising awa eness o aqua ic IAS
Key ac ions, miles ones and esul s
The Uni e si y o Mu cia led he p ojec , acili a ing communica ion and collabo a-
ion among all pa ne s and o e seeing p ojec ac i i ies. I also included e icien ad-
minis a i e and inancial managemen , ensu ing he op imal use o p ojec esou c-
es, wi h comp ehensi e budge acking and imely submission o inancial epo s.
A obus amewo k o me ics and indica o s de eloped wi hin WP5 (Fig. 1)
was implemen ed o e alua e he e ec i eness o he p ojec ’s ac ions and o adap
audiences and s a egies when necessa y. Key elemen s included se ing baseline
indica o s (e.g. numbe o pa icipan s engaged and ma e ials dis ibu ed), con-
duc ing con inuous moni o ing h ough he p ojec su ey based on ques ion-
nai e and inal epo ing o e alua e he p ojec each and impac (Oli a-Pa e na
e al. 2024a, 2024b). This amewo k comp ehensi ely co e ed public awa eness,
s akeholde engagemen , communica ion s a egies and he adop ion and use o
managemen ools.
Mo e han 7,000 ques ionnai es we e analysed o assess changes in public pe -
cep ion and unde s anding o IAS impac s on biodi e si y, socioeconomics and
human heal h. Speci ic in o ma ion on he design, s uc u e and o mula ion o
ques ions o he su ey is de ailed in he p elimina y assessmen s udy de eloped
by he p ojec (Banha e al. 2022). An addi ional young people´s e sion o he
su ey (sho ened and simpli ied) was p epa ed speci ically o school s uden s and
speci ic in o ma ion on his e sion is de ailed in Ruiz-Na a o e al. (2023).
O e all pa icipa ion and engagemen me ics o he p ojec exceeded expec a ions,
wi h mo e han 246,000 people a ending 598 e en s, and di ec engagemen o 432
ins i u ions including public adminis a ions, NGOs, and educa ional en i ies.
Suppo in he implemen a ion o he EU Regula ion on IAS
Key managemen ools (Table 1) we e de eloped wi hin WP2 aimed o enhance
go e nance amewo ks o managing IAS in he Ibe ian Peninsula and o p o ide
upda ed, science-based in o ma ion o suppo decision-making and policy imple-
men a ion. This included he de elopmen o an upda ed in en o y o 326 aqua ic
IAS eco ded in Ibe ian inland wa e s, including 215 axa wi h clea ly es ablished
popula ions (Oli a-Pa e na e al. 2021a; Zamo a-Ma ín e al. 2023). Mo eo e ,
he p ojec also compiled a lis o 272 axa ha had no ye been eco ded in Ibe i-
an inland wa e s bu show high isk o in asion in he coming yea s (Oli a-Pa e na
e al. 2021b). This e o , based on expe inpu and scien i ic li e a u e, highligh -
ed he apid inc ease o IAS in oduc ions, pa icula ly in he las wo decades
(Zamo a-Ma ín e al. 2023). Th ough a ansna ional ho izon scanning exe cise,
sco es we e assigned o IAS ollowing a ious c i e ia (e.g., in asi eness, impac s,
managemen di icul y and accep abili y) o de elop he "Black Lis and Ale Lis
o he Aqua ic In asi e Alien Species o he Ibe ian Peninsula" (Oli a-Pa e na e
al. 2022; O icialdegui e al. 2023a), which included 126 species o conce n al eady
es ablished in Ibe ian inland wa e s, such as Cyp inus ca pio (common ca p) and
P ocamba us cla kii ( ed swamp c ay ish), and 89 po en ial aqua ic in ade s, in-
cluding D eissena os i o mis bugensis (quagga mussel) and Cabomba ca oliniana
(Ca olina anwo ) (O icialdegui e al. 2023a). The in en o ies p o ided a solid
ounda ion o e ec i e u u e su eillance sys ems, suppo ed by scien i ic con-
sensus and p omo ing coo dina ed e o s in sha ed ansna ional egions.
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Celia López-Cañiza es e al.: LIFE INVASAQUA ou comes: P e en ing and aising awa eness o aqua ic IAS
Table 1. Lis o he go e nance ools gene a ed by he LIFE INVASAQUA p ojec and web links.
LIFE INVASAQUA go e nance ools Link
Upda ed lis o he aqua ic alien species in oduced and es ablished in
Ibe ian inland wa e s. (Oli a-Pa e na e al. 2021a).
h ps://www.mi eco.gob.es/con en /dam/mi eco/
es/biodi e sidad/ emas/conse acion-de-especies/
lis adeespeciesexo icasacua icasdelapeninsulaibe ica_ cm30-529356.pd
Upda ed lis o he po en ial aqua ic alien species wi h high isk o in asion
in Ibe ian inland wa e s. (Oli a-Pa e na e al. 2021b).
h ps://li ein asaqua.com/wp-con en /uploads/2021/04/TR2_In asaqua_
ING_PDF_in e ac .pd
Black Lis and Ale Lis o he aqua ic in asi e alien species o he Ibe ian
Peninsula – Ho izon scanning exe cise ocused on he high- isk aqua ic in asi e
alien species o he Ibe ian inland wa e s. (Oli a-Pa e na e al. 2022).
h ps://li ein asaqua.com/wp-con en /uploads/2023/01/TechRepp_3_
INVASAQUA_Comple _ING.pd
S a egic ecommenda ions o he ansna ional managemen o in asi e
alien ish in Ibe ian inland wa e s. (Oli a-Pa e na e al. 2023).
h ps://li ein asaqua.com/wp-con en /uploads/2023/02/2023_
S a egicRecommenda ions_Fish_Final_WEB-1.pd
S a egic ecommenda ions o he ansna ional managemen o in asi e
alien c ay ish and c abs in Ibe ian inland wa e s. (O icialdegui e al. 2023b).
h ps://li ein asaqua.com/wp-con en /uploads/2023/08/TECHINICAL-
REPORT-CANGREJOS-ingles-pa a-WEB.pd
In asi e Alien Species web pla o m h ps://eei.sibic.o g/
The p ojec also gene a ed he "In asi e Alien Species web pla o m" (h ps://
eei.sibic.o g/) o suppo moni o ing and Ea ly Wa ning and Rapid Response
(EWRR) amewo ks, acili a ing decision-making and enabling da a sha ing wi h
he Eu opean Alien Species In o ma ion Ne wo k (EASIN). This ool eached
1,242 use s and 5,012 unique isi s a he end o he p ojec (Oc obe 2023), and
included mo e han 20,000 geo- e e enced eco ds on he moni o ing o app ox-
ima ely 200 IAS axa. I also acili a ed da a sha ing in he o icial languages o
Spain and Po ugal.
S a egic ecommenda ions o he ansna ional managemen o a ge ed in a-
si e axa, such as ish (Oli a-Pa e na e al. 2023), c ay ish, and c abs (O icialdegui
e al. 2023b), we e concep ualized, de eloped and dis ibu ed among compe en
au ho i ies o add ess sha ed challenges in Ibe ian inland wa e s. These ecom-
menda ions we e de eloped h ough a pa icipa o y p ocess in ol ing expe s, and
aimed a s eng hening coope a ion be ween Spanish and Po uguese au ho i ies,
hus p omo ing he ansna ional managemen and ensu ing coo dina ed ac ions
be ween Spain and Po ugal.
In e na ional e en s and wo kshops we e p omo ed among Spanish, Po uguese
and Eu opean compe en au ho i ies, manage s and p ojec s o dissemina e he
ou pu s and be in ol ed in i s use and p omo ion. These e en s enhanced unde -
s anding o IAS-associa ed issues, acili a ed he in eg a ion o p ojec ou pu s in o
na ional policies, and p omo ed a uni ied esponse o he IAS h ea . Speci ic ac-
ions on knowledge ans e abili y and eplicabili y and dissemina ion o he public
(Fig. 1) such as he de elopmen o he IBERMIS pla o m (h ps://ibe mis.o g/)
and he p ojec websi e (h p://www.li ein asaqua.com/) ensu ed ha esou ces
gene a ed we e also accessible online. This aimed a being easily eplicable by o he
en i ies and p ojec s and ha he con en s could be upda ed acco ding o p io i y
changes in biological in asions. The "Exchange o Expe iences on In asi e Alien
Species P ojec s in Eu ope" wo kshop, hos ed in Malaga in May 2023, acili a ed
he sha ing o lessons lea ned om ongoing and ecen ly inished LIFE p ojec s
and o he Eu opean ini ia i es. This e en highligh ed he impo ance o s eng h-
ening syne gies among p ojec s o imp o e IAS managemen p ac ices ac oss bo -
de s. In B ussels, we o ganized he "Add essing IAS in Eu ope: The ele ance o
ansna ional coope a ion and he s akeholde engagemen ", a high-p o ile e en
in collabo a ion wi h he Eu opean Commission ha showcased he ou comes
384
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Celia López-Cañiza es e al.: LIFE INVASAQUA ou comes: P e en ing and aising awa eness o aqua ic IAS
Figu e 2. LIFE INVASAQUA ne wo king e en s A conclusions session o he "Add essing IAS in Eu ope: The ele ance o ansna ional
coope a ion and s akeholde engagemen " e en . B ussels, Sep embe 2023 B g oup pic u e o he "Exchange o Expe iences on In asi e
Alien Species P ojec s in Eu ope" e en . Malaga, May 2023.
o LIFE INVASAQUA o EU policymake s and s akeholde s (Fig. 2). This e en
emphasised he p ojec ’s alignmen wi h he EU Biodi e si y S a egy o 2030 and
i s con ibu ions o enhancing he implemen a ion o he EU Regula ion on IAS.
Du ing hese e en s, he "In asi e Alien Species web pla o m" was highligh ed
as a model ha could be adap ed o use in o he egions, showcasing i s po en ial
o eplicabili y. O e all, he p ojec ’s engagemen wi h mo e han 20 LIFE and
o he Eu opean ini ia i es c ea ed aluable pa ne ships and acili a ed a b oad
dissemina ion o bes p ac ices. These e o s ensu ed ha LIFE INVASAQUA’s
impac ex ended beyond i s imeline, es ablishing a amewo k o IAS manage-
men a mul iple le els.
Enhancing s akeholde s’ awa eness and esponse capaci y o aqua ic
IAS h ea s
Se e al key ac ions (Fig. 1) we e dedica ed o aising awa eness and os e ing edu-
ca ion abou aqua ic IAS among key s akeholde s in Spain and Po ugal. I aimed
o inc ease knowledge ega ding IAS impac s and o empowe indi iduals and
o ganisa ions o con ibu e o p e en ion, managemen and mi iga ion e o s.
The p ojec implemen ed a dissemina ion and aining s a egy in o de o each
he a ge audiences and key s akeholde s: su eillance agen s, i e and es ua y us-
e s (angle s, aqua ic spo s p ac i ione s, e c.) (Fig. 3), knowledge mul iplie s such
as museums and aqua iums (Fig. 4), he educa ional communi y, he comme cial
sec o s (aquacul u e, pe -keeping e c.) (Fig. 5), and he media.
The Clean, Check and D y campaign (Fig. 3) was p omo ed among i e and
es ua y use s o encou age good p ac ices in p e en ing IAS sp ead in Spain and
Po ugal. I was suppo ed by he Spanish Fede a ion o Angling and Cas ing
which hos ed he ma e ials and he p ojec su ey on i s websi e: (h ps://www.
epyc.es/blog/consul a-los-ciudadanos-sob e-las-especies-ex%C3%B3 icas-in aso-
as-%E2%80%93-campa%C3%B1a- e isa-limpia-y-seca-%E2%80%93).
The p ojec de eloped a o al o 98 aining ac i i ies including 4 massi e open
online cou ses (MOOCs) (h ps://ibe mis.o g/ o macion/), which a ac ed o e
2,900 pa icipan s. These aining ini ia i es p o ided key g oups wi h he ools
and knowledge necessa y o con ibu e o IAS managemen and p e en ion.
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NeoBio a 102: 377–397 (2025), DOI: 10.3897/neobio a.102.148744
Celia López-Cañiza es e al.: LIFE INVASAQUA ou comes: P e en ing and aising awa eness o aqua ic IAS
Figu e 3. Visuals o he Check, Clean and D y campaign A campaign logo (Spanish e sion) B dissemina ion pos e o he na iga ion
sec o (Po uguese e sion). All high-quali y ma e ials in Spanish and Po uguese a e a ailable o e-use and eplica ion a : h ps://li ein-
asaqua.com/campana- e isa-limpia-seca-de-li ein asaqua/.
Figu e 4. Dissemina ion and aining s a egy aimed a knowledge mul iplie s A code o conduc o zoos and aqua iums co-c ea ed
wi h he Ibe ian Associa ion o Zoos and Aqua iums (AIZA) in 2022 B aining o zoos, aqua iums and museums s a a he Na ional
Museum o Na u al Sciences (MNCN-CSIC), Mad id 2023.
Guidelines wi h he bes p ac ices and codes o conduc o sec o s such as on-
line comme ce, su eillance agen s and zoos and aqua iums (Fig. 4) we e elabo a -
ed, o aling 16 codes published in Spanish and Po uguese and p o iding p ac ical
ecommenda ions o educe he isk o IAS in oduc ions and sp ead (h ps://li-
ein asaqua.com/codigos-de-conduc a-li ein asaqua-sob e-especies-exo icas-in a-
so as/). These documen s we e widely dis ibu ed o he a ge ed s akeholde s and
also made a ailable online.
In addi ion, speci ic ac i i ies and ma e ials a ge ing eache s and s uden s in-
cluded 57 e en s wi h schools and uni e si ies, such as 3 dedica ed you h con-
e ences, 76 ieldwo k ac ions and he de elopmen o 2 didac ic guides, among
o he s. These expe iences in ol ed he educa ional sec o in hands-on lea ning
abou IAS and ecosys em conse a ion.
392
NeoBio a 102: 377–397 (2025), DOI: 10.3897/neobio a.102.148744
Celia López-Cañiza es e al.: LIFE INVASAQUA ou comes: P e en ing and aising awa eness o aqua ic IAS
Au ho con ibu ions
Celia López-Cañiza es: Concep ualiza ion, P ojec adminis a ion, W i ing - O iginal D a , W i ing
– e iew and edi ing; F ancisco J. Oli a-Pa e na: Supe ision, Concep ualiza ion, P ojec adminis-
a ion, Funding acquisi ion, W i ing – e iew and edi ing; Rosa Oli o del Amo: Concep ualiza ion,
P ojec adminis a ion, W i ing – e iew and edi ing; Ma To al a, Ped o Anas ácio, Fe nando Cobo,
Anabel Pe dices, Ra ael Mi anda, Ca he ine Numa: Funding acquisi ion, W i ing – e iew and ed-
i ing; An onio Guillén-Bel án, Filipe Banha, Ped o B andão, Sand a Ba ca, Ru ino Viei a-Lane o,
F ede ic Casals, Jo ge R. Sánchez-González, Annie Macho dom, Ja ie Oscoz, Helena Cla e o-Sousa,
Lou des Láza o-Ma ín, Filipe Ribei o, F ancisco J. O icialdegui and José M. Zamo a-Ma ín: W i -
ing – e iew and edi ing. All au ho s ha e e iewed and con ibu ed o imp o e he ex and igu es.
Au ho ORCIDs
Celia López-Cañiza es h ps://o cid.o g/0000-0001-9849-4894
Rosa Oli o del Amo h ps://o cid.o g/0000-0003-3014-5625
An onio Guillén-Bel án h ps://o cid.o g/0000-0002-5416-1024
Ma To al a h ps://o cid.o g/0000-0003-1517-3337
Ped o Anas ácio h ps://o cid.o g/0000-0003-1808-3847
Filipe Banha h ps://o cid.o g/0000-0002-7963-3497
Ped o B andão h ps://o cid.o g/0009-0008-9911-0272
Sand a Ba ca h ps://o cid.o g/0000-0003-0835-6354
Fe nando Cobo h ps://o cid.o g/0000-0001-5684-266X
Ru ino Viei a-Lane o h ps://o cid.o g/0000-0001-9919-7306
F ede ic Casals h ps://o cid.o g/0000-0002-7751-2528
Jo ge R. Sánchez-González h ps://o cid.o g/0000-0002-6170-7523
Anabel Pe dices h ps://o cid.o g/0000-0003-0980-215X
Annie Macho dom h ps://o cid.o g/0000-0003-0341-0809
Ra ael Mi anda h ps://o cid.o g/0000-0003-4798-314X
Ja ie Oscoz h ps://o cid.o g/0000-0002-8464-9442
Ca he ine Numa h ps://o cid.o g/0000-0003-3213-1980
Filipe Ribei o h ps://o cid.o g/0000-0003-3531-5072
F ancisco J. O icialdegui h ps://o cid.o g/0000-0001-6223-736X
José M. Zamo a-Ma ín h ps://o cid.o g/0000-0002-7021-267X
F ancisco J. Oli a-Pa e na h ps://o cid.o g/0000-0001-8288-5321
Da a a ailabili y
All o he da a ha suppo he indings o his s udy a e a ailable in he main ex and in he p ojec
inal epo s in Oli a-Pa e na e al. 2024a and Oli a-Pa e na e al. 2024b.
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