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Nanocelluloses and nanocellulose films. Opportunities in the conservation and restoration of historical documents

Author: Gamelas, José
Publisher: Zenodo
DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.17304453
Source: https://zenodo.org/records/17304453/files/Gamelas,2025.pdf
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Nanocelluloses and nanocellulose ilms. Oppo uni ies in he
conse a ion and es o a ion o his o ical documen s
José An ónio Fe ei a Gamelas1
1. Depa men o Chemical Enginee ing, CERES, Uni e si y o Coimb a
[email p o ec ed].p
Nanocelluloses ha e eme ged as a new class o ma e ials wi h a wide ange o applica ions, anging
om packaging, h ough biomedicine o anspa en elec onics. These ma e ials can be ob ained
om cellulose using app op ia e chemical (o enzyma ic) and mechanical ea men s. They a e
composed o nano ibe s wi h diame e s o a ew nanome es (2-50 nm) and leng hs ypically highe
han 1 µm [1,2]. Nanocelluloses a e usually ob ained in he o m o hyd ogels, and om he
hyd ogels, ilms o ae ogels can be p epa ed unde op imized condi ions o wa e emo al and
d ying. Nanocelluloses enable he p oduc ion o s ong, anspa en and s i ilms wi h high ba ie
o oxygen. Due o hese p ope ies, nanocelluloses and nanocellulose ilms ha e po en ial o be used
in he conse a ion and es o a ion o cellulosic objec s like his o ical pape documen s. In his
p esen a ion, nanocellulose ilms will be compa ed wi h Japanese Pape ypically used o he
mending o old pape documen s [3]. Some esul s o he applica ion o nanocellulose ilms on ag
pape w i en wi h i on gall ink (IGI) will be p esen ed, as well as p elimina y esul s o he in e en ion
on eal old pape documen s w i en wi h IGI. Ad an ages and limi a ions o he use o nanocellulose
ilms in conse a ion and es o a ion will be p esen ed.
Acknowledgemen s: The au ho s would like o acknowledge FCT o unding he p ojec
“NANOCELIRONGAL - Nanocellulose ilms o he epai o old documen s con aining i on gall ink”
(2022.01621.PTDC) and he Eu opean Resea ch Execu i e Agency o unding he ERA Chai p ojec
“BIOBASED2UC - Explo ing no el bio-based ma e ials and hei applica ions in conse a ion and es o a ion
wi h a new in e disciplina y eam” (numbe : 101186492).
Re e ences:
1. Nechypo chuk, O.; Belgacem, M. N.; B as, J. P oduc ion o cellulose nano ib ils: a e iew o ecen ad ances. Ind. C ops
P od. 2016, 93, 2–25.
2. Almeida, R. O.; Maloney, T. C.; Gamelas, J. A. F. P oduc ion o Func ionalized Nanocelluloses om Di e en Sou ces
Using Deep Eu ec ic Sol en s and Thei Applica ions. Ind. C ops P od. 2023, 199, No. 116583.
3. Almeida, R. O.; Ramos, A.; Håkonsen, V.; Maloney, T. C.; Gamelas, J. A. F. Func ionalized Cellulose Nano ibe Films as
Po en ial Subs i u es o Japanese Pape . Ca bohyd . Polym. Technol. Appl. 2024, 8, No. 100573.