Hea s ess and empe a u e in Hambu g-Al ona
simula ed wi h PALM-4U
Leo Lop ieno, Pe e Ho mann, Sabine F i z
Clima e Se ice Cen e Ge many (GERICS)
Helmhol z-Zen um he eon GmbH
Hambu g, Ge many
1 Summa y
Wi hin he ame o he BMFTR- unded p ojec CoSynHeal h, nume ical simula ions wi h he
high- esolu ion u ban clima e model PALM-4U e sion 24.04 (Ma onga e al.,2020) we e pe o med.
Simula ion esul s a e p esen ed o 8. Augus 2020 a 4 pm CEST (UTC+2h), which ma ked a peak
in he hea wa e ha s uck cen al Eu ope in he summe 2020. Table 1shows he gene al model
se -up.
Ho izon al ex en 2048m x 2048m
Ho izon al g id spacing 4m
Simula ion pe iod 24h
Bounda y condi ions Cyclic
Fo cing Obse a ions (Wea he Mas Hambu g),
CERRA, CERRA-Land, ERA5 a 2020-08-08
00:00 CEST
P essu e sol e scheme I e a i e mul ig id
Radia ion scheme Clea -sky
Table 1: Simula ion se up and se ings implemen ed in PALM-4U 24.04.
2 Model domain
The F ee and Hansea ic Ci y o Hambu g is a majo ci y si ua ed in no he n Ge many, whose
me opoli an egion coun s mo e han 5 million inhabi an s (S a is ikam No d,2025). The u ban
a ea is cha ac e ized by a ious land su ace ypes, anging om densely buil esiden ial a eas o
g een spaces.
The modeling domain comp ises pa s o he ci y qua e s Al ona-Al s ad and Al ona-No d. Es-
pecially he eas e n pa o he domain includes a ious pa ks and o he g een spaces, whe eas he
no he n and he wes e n pa s a e cha ac e ized by a majo ain s a ion and adjacen ain acks.
3 Model o cing
3.1 S a ic da a
The simula ion was pe o med wi h he u ban clima e model PALM-4U. S a ic da a a e included
in he s a ic d i e , h ough which he model e ie es he necessa y in o ma ion o un a simula ion
o e u banized s uc u es as ealis ic as possible. The da a include he e ain heigh , ege a ion ype,
pa emen ype, lea a ea densi y, and building heigh / ype. Table 2gi es an o e iew o he da a used
o gene a e he s a ic d i e .
1
S a ic da ase s
Pa ame e Da ase ( e sion)
Te ain heigh Digi al Ele a ion Model Hambu g DGM 1 (2022)1
Vege a ion Bio ope Cadas e Hambu g (2020)2
Pa emen S ee map Hambu g (2022)3
T ees S ee T ee Cadas e Hambu g (2021)4
Buildings 3D Building Model LoD2-DE Hambu g (2023)5
Table 2: S a ic da ase s o cons uc he simula ion domain.
P i a e ege a ion and ee da a, which a e no egis e ed publicly, we e es ima ed wi h he help o
he NDVI and by sub ac ing he digi al ele a ion model om he digi al su ace model, espec i ely.
3.2 Me eo ological da a
Fo he lowe model a mosphe e (i.e. <300 m abo e su ace), he uns we e o ced by da a obse ed
a he Hambu g Wea he Mas (Lange,2014) a 2020-08-08 00:00 UTC+2. Table 3shows he a iables
used as o cing and he associa ed measu emen heigh s. Fo he ini ializa ion o he uppe a mosphe e
Wea he Mas Hambu g
Va iable Measu emen heigh [m abo e su ace]
Ai empe a u e
10, 50, 110, 175, 250, 280
Rela i e humidi y
U- and V-wind componen s
Ai p essu e 2
Table 3: Obse ed a iables and espec i e measu emen heigh abo e he su ace.
(i.e. >300 m) and he soil, eanalysis da a was used. A mosphe ic a iables on he 500 m-le el we e
aken om CERRA (Schimanke e al.,2021) and om ERA5 (He sbach e al.,2023) om he o he
heigh le els, whe eas soil pa ame e s we e e ie ed om CERRA-Land (Ve elle e al.,2022).
1Digi ales H¨ohenmodell Hambu g DGM 1; dl-de/by-2-0, F eie und Hanses ad Hambu g, Landesbe ieb Geoin o ma-
ion und Ve messung (LGV); h ps:// egis y.gdi-de.o g/id/de.hh/6D10BE89-636D-4359-8B27-4AB4DCA02F3A.
2Bio opka as e Hambu g; dl-de/by-2-0, F eie und Hanses ad Hambu g, Beh¨o de ¨u Umwel und Ene gie;
h ps:// egis y.gdi-de.o g/id/de.hh/895ee6 e-a10b-4ecd-8884-369600 02668.
3Feinka ie ung S aße Hambu g; dl-de/by-2-0, F eie und Hanses ad Hambu g, Beh¨o de ¨u Ve keh und Mo-
bili ¨a swende; h ps:// egis y.gdi-de.o g/id/de.hh/ad7e3cb6-9a9e-4044-81b1-4c1 8d974c2 .
4S aßenbaumka as e Hambu g; dl-de/by-2-0, F eie und Hanses ad Hambu g, Beh¨o de ¨u Umwel , Klima, Ene gie
und Ag a wi scha ; h ps:// egis y.gdi-de.o g/id/de.hh/C1C61928-C602-4E37-AF31-2D23901E2540.
53D-Geb¨audemodell LoD2-DE Hambu g; dl-de/by-2-0, F eie und Hanses ad Hambu g, Landesbe ieb Geoin o ma-
ion und Ve messung (LGV); h ps:// egis y.gdi-de.o g/id/de.hh/948321ba-e9b2-4290-88c3-8dda2912de a.
2
Reanalysis
Va iable Heigh le els [m abo e su ace]
Ai empe a u e 500, 1100, 2100, 3200
Rela i e humidi y
U- and V-wind componen s 500, 1100, 2000, 3200
Soil empe a u e -0.01, -0.02, -0.05, -0.1, -0.2, -0.4, -0.8, -2, -3
Soil mois u e con en -0.01, -0.02, -0.05, -0.1, -0.2, -0.4, -0.8, -2
Table 4: Reanalysis o cing da a wi h espec i e heigh le els.
Fo e e y a iable, he g adien a each le el was calcula ed and passed o he model. Mo e-
o e , some pa ame e s had o be con e ed o make hem ecognizable by PALM-4U. In doing so, ai
empe a u e and ela i e humidi y had o be con e ed o po en ial empe a u e and speci ic humid-
i y, espec i ely. The in e pola ion o p essu e le els on o heigh le els was pe o med by using he
measu ed ai p essu e a he Hambu g Wea he Mas as a e e ence.
Acknowledgemen s
The simula ions we e conduc ed wi hin he amewo k o he CoSynHeal h (Con lic s and syne gies
be ween ca bon-neu al and heal hy ci y scena ios) Junio Resea ch G oup, which is unded by he
Ge man Fede al Minis y o Resea ch, Technology and Space (BMFTR) (01LN2204A) and suppo ed
by he Ge man Ae ospace Cen e (DLR). The au ho s hank he Ge man Clima e compu ing Cen e
(DKRZ) o he necessa y compu a ional esou ces o un simula ions on hei supe compu e clus e
Le an e.
3
Re e ences
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