A i icial In elligence Decision Sys ems
o Suppo Indus ial Equipmen Manu ac u ing
Bea iz And es(B), Miguel Angel Ma eo-Casali, Juan Pablo Fiesco, and Raul Pole
Resea ch Cen e on P oduc ion Managemen and Enginee ing (CIGIP),
Uni e si a Poli ècnica de València (UPV), Camino de Ve a S/N, 46022 Valencia, Spain
{band es,mma eo,j iesco, pole }@cigip.up .es
Abs ac . This a icle discusses how in eg a ing a i icial in elligence (AI) in o
Indus y 4.0 can p omo e sus ainabili y and esilience in p oduc ion sys ems. I
add esses he li ecycle manu ac u ing concep , which aims o minimise was e and
educe he en i onmen al impac o manu ac u ing ope a ions. This pape ocuses
on he speci ic machine ool p oduc ion sec o and how AI echnology can op imise
p oduc ion p ocesses by educing down imes and imp o ing o e all manu ac u -
ing e iciency. Acco dingly, he a icle aims o iden i y he needs ha indus ial
equipmen manu ac u e s ha e du ing he eplenishmen , p oduc ion and deli e y
p ocesses, and how AI could ul il hese needs. By le e aging AI echnologies,
manu ac u e s can signi ican ly imp o e e iciency, p o i abili y and cus ome sa -
is ac ion, which esul s in imp o ed pe o mance and business g ow h. The pape
also in oduces Eu opean HORIZON p ojec AIDEAS, which aim o de elop AI
echnologies o suppo he manu ac u ing phase o he indus ial equipmen li e
cycle.
Keywo ds: A i icial in elligence ·Li e cycle manu ac u ing ·Sma
Manu ac u ing ·Indus y 4.0 ·Lean Manu ac u ing
1 In oduc ion
Manu ac u ing o goods is an ac i i y ha in ol es ob aining aw ma e ials, he p oduc-
ion o inished p oduc s, using di e en ypes o machines o ools, and hei deli e y.
To e icien ly manage machine y p oduc ion, i is necessa y o be e con ol supplies
o co ec planning. Indus ial equipmen manu ac u ing is cha ac e ised by wo king
wi h la ge bills o ma e ials, and also by he complexi y o e ec i e eplenishmen plan-
ning o componen s and ma e ials, and subsequen p oduc ion planning is a challenge i
en e p ises do no ha e a obus sys em.
The li e a u e add esses di e en a i icial in elligence (AI) implemen a ions wi hin
he de ec p edic ion o main enance diagnosis scope. Howe e , e y ew wo ks ha e
deal wi h AI in manu ac u ing, and e en ewe wi h indus ial equipmen . This a icle
speci ically discusses how using AI can e ec i ely espond o a ious machine y sec o
needs, pa icula ly in he manu ac u ing phase. Hence o co e his gap, a se o esea ch
ques ions a ise:
© The Au ho (s), unde exclusi e license o Sp inge Na u e Swi ze land AG 2024
J. Bau is a-Valhondo e al. (Eds.): CIO 2023, LNDECT 206, pp. 438–443, 2024.
h ps://doi.o g/10.1007/978-3-031-57996-7_75
A i icial In elligence Decision Sys ems 439
RQ1 Wha a e manu ac u ing indus ial equipmen pa icula i ies?
RQ2 Wha is he po en ial o using AI in indus ial equipmen manu ac u ing om
eplenishmen o p oduc ion and deli e y?
RQ3 How can AI echnologies deal wi h indus ial equipmen manu ac u ing
pa icula i ies?
The speci ic objec i es a e a ge ed by concep ualising AI solu ions o (i) ma e ials
and componen s p ocu emen , (ii) componen s ab ica ion and machine y assembly, and
(iii) machine y packaging and deli e y.
2 Me hodology
The me hodology used in his pape is based on e iewing he exis ing li e a u e o
iden i y manu ac u ing indus ial equipmen needs and he po en ial o using AI in
indus ial equipmen manu ac u ing. The nex s ep in he e iew ocuses on how he AI
ha suppo s Indus y 4.0 has been implemen ed in o he manu ac u ing p ocess o deal
wi h sho li e cycle machines. This pape cen es on u ilising AIDEAS (2022) Eu opean
P ojec ools, which will be de eloped wi hin he AIDEAS p ojec scope. Speci ically,
he aim o his pape is o concep ualise AI ools ha help in he design phase o he li e
cycle, in Eu opean machine y manu ac u ing companies.
3 S a e o he A
AI esea ch began in 1956 wi h a pi o al mee ing held wi h esea che s in New Hamp-
shi e, whe e hey ga he ed o delibe a e on he possibili y o machines pe o ming “in el-
ligen ac ions.” Since hen, he AI landscape has unde gone g adual and ans o ma i e
e olu ion in di e en scien i ic a eas (Buchmeis e e al. 2019). In he indus ial en i-
onmen , AI makes i possible o imp o e he e iciency, accu acy and speed o he
p oduc ion p ocess, and o op imise supply chain managemen and o imp o e p oduc
quali y (Ongsulee 2017). The capabili ies o AI a e based on he as amoun o da a ha
i is p o ided wi h by he In e ne o Things (IoT) and he digi isa ion o manu ac u ing
p ocesses.
3.1 Explo ing Manu ac u ing Indus ial Equipmen Pa icula i ies
The li e cycle manu ac u ing concep o m pa o his indus ial e olu ion. Such
manu ac u ing ocuses on he p oduc ion p ocesses by minimising was e and p omo -
ing sus ainabili y by educing he en i onmen al impac o manu ac u ing ope a ions
om eplenishmen o p oduc ion and deli e y. Indus y 4.0 suppo s decision sys ems
o indus ial equipmen manu ac u ing by using AI echnology. Wi h machine lea n-
ing algo i hms, manu ac u e s can op imise p oduc ion p ocesses by educing down-
imes and imp o ing o e all eplenishmen , p oduc ion and deli e y planning e iciency
(Lu 2017). The implemen a ion o pe o mance imp o emen me hods, such as lean
manu ac u ing, has been success ul in enhancing manu ac u ing e iciency in ac o ies
(Sunda e al. 2014). Howe e , small- and medium-sized en e p ises (SMEs) ha e aced
440 B. And es e al.
challenges when adop ing new me hods due o lack o knowledge managemen and
leade ship o skilled labou (Lu h a & Mangla 2018; T e isan e al. 2023). To o e come
hese obs acles, i is essen ial o iden i y how SMEs can adop in o ma ion echnology
(IT) in he Indus y 4.0 e a. (Moeu e al. 2020). The e o e, au ho s ha e ound in he
li e a u e ha a key success ac o would be o simpli y Indus y 4.0 ools by making
hem mo e accessible so ha SMEs can in eg a e hem in o he manu ac u ing phase
using s anda d ools (Machado e al. 2021). This app oach would no only educe he
impac o he skills gap, bu would also p omo e he acquisi ion o hese ools in SMEs
by inc easing hei adap abili y and compe i i eness (Sande s e al. 2016).
3.2 AI in Indus ial Equipmen Manu ac u ing
In he manu ac u ing phase o a p oduc , he e a e se e al key a eas in which AI can
play a ole. F om op imising in en o y managemen o educing bo h p oduc ion and
p epa a ion imes, and hus imp o ing s o age and deli e y, AI has he po en ial o make
signi ican impac s. I can analyse and pa e n la ge amoun s o da a by applying algo-
i hms ha p edic possible u u e demand, adjus in en o y le els and educe was e,
moni o p oduc ion p ocesses in eal ime, de ec di e en anomalies and op imise ope -
a ions o, hus, educe machine down imes and imp o e logis ics and p oduc ion o gan-
isa ion. The e o e, eplenishmen , p oduc ion and deli e y planning a e complex asks
ha equi e cons an in o ma ion analyses o ensu e ha e e y hing is a ailable and
ope a ing unde he bes condi ions. In his ega d, Indus y 4.0 a ises om his need
o imp o e ac o ies by in eg a ing new ad anced echnologies, such as AI, obo s, he
IoT o cloud compu ing, which imp o e he sus ainabili y and esilience o p oduc ion
sys ems (Ja aid e al. 2022). Sma ac o ies a e an example o his in eg a ion and use
con ex -awa e applica ions and sel - egula ing mechanics o op imise p oduc ion p o-
cesses (P ause 2019). AI is c ucial in Indus y 4.0 and he sma ac o y o enabling
machines o make au onomous decisions and o con inuously op imise p oduc ion p o-
cesses. In eg a ing AI and Indus y 4.0 leads o a i uous ci cle, whe e da a om sma
ac o ies and cybe physical sys ems ain AI models, which imp o es he e iciency o
he eplenishmen , p oduc ion and deli e y o machines by educing planning and p o-
duc ion cos s, and by enhancing ma e ials and componen s a ailabili y, and also p oduc
quali y (Cio i e al. 2020).
4 AI o Suppo he Indus ial Equipmen Manu ac u ing P ocess
AI has ans o med he manu ac u ing indus y by inc easing e iciency, p oduc i i y
and cos -e ec i eness. This a icle aims o concep ualise he mos sui able ools o co e
he indus ial equipmen manu ac u ing phase, which is done in Eu opean p ojec AI
D i en Indus ial Equipmen P oduc Li e Cycle Boos ing Agili y, Sus ainabili y and
Resilience (AIDEAS 2022), which will de elop AI echnologies o suppo he en i e
li e cycle o indus ial equipmen (design, manu ac u ing, use, epai / euse/ ecycle) as
a s a egic ins umen o imp o e he sus ainabili y, agili y and esilience o Eu opean
machine y manu ac u ing companies. The objec i e o his wo k is o imp o e he main
ac i i ies in he manu ac u ing phase, p ocu emen , ab ica ion and deli e y ia he
concep ualisa ion o he ollowing ools:
A i icial In elligence Decision Sys ems 441
•The P ocu emen Op imise Toolki (PO) is an AI-d i en solu ion ha helps manu-
ac u e s o op imise he in en o y and pu chase o he ma e ials equi ed o building
a machine, while mee ing cus ome deli e y da es. Wi h he PO, manu ac u e s can
minimise in en o y cos s and educe he isk o s ock ou s o, hus, imp o e hei
o e all bo om line. By using ad anced algo i hms and p edic i e analy ics, he PO
can accu a ely o ecas demand, iden i y op imal eo de poin s, and e en ecommend
al e na i e ma e ials ha may be mo e cos -e ec i e o eadily a ailable.
•The Fab ica ion Op imise Toolki (FO) is an AI-d i en solu ion ha can p edic
p oduc ion and se up imes, ope a ion dependencies, and o he c i ical ac o s ha
impac p oduc ion scheduling and esou ce alloca ion. This allows manu ac u e s o
espond quickly o changing condi ions, such as machine b eakdowns, las -minu e
cus ome o de s and aw ma e ial delays. Wi h he FO, manu ac u e s can make
in o med decisions abou how o alloca e esou ces, educe down imes and inc ease
p oduc i i y. AI algo i hms can op imise p oduc ion p ocesses, balance wo kloads
and alloca e esou ces e icien ly, which inc eases agili y and esponsi eness.
•The Deli e y Op imise AI-based Toolki (DO) is an ad anced solu ion ha can
op imise he s o age and deli e y o p oduc s. This includes op imising s o age space
and condi ions, p oduc anspo a ion, logis ics scheduling and planning. By le e ag-
ing AI, he DO can p o ide he mos e icien solu ions possible o, he e o e, educe
anspo a ion cos s, speed up deli e y speed and imp o e cus ome sa is ac ion. The
DO can also help manu ac u e s o iden i y and esol e bo lenecks in he supply
chain by educing delays and imp o ing o e all e iciency.
O e all, AI-d i en solu ions like he PO, FO, and DO will ans o m he equipmen
manu ac u ing indus y by enabling: (i) apid and lexible managemen o a la ge num-
be o ma e ials and componen s in he machine bill o ma e ials by e icien ly handling
unce ain y in componen s eplenishmen s, eusing compa ible componen s and calcu-
la ing ma e ial equi emen plans in an op imised way; (ii) as escheduling asks by
in oducing eal- ime in o ma ion in o p oduc ion plans o espond o en i onmen al
changes like machine b eakdowns, las -minu e cus ome o de s o aw ma e ial delays;
(iii) he op imisa ion o machines deli e y, packaging and s o ing.
5 Conclusion
In eg a ing AI and Indus y 4.0 in o he manu ac u ing phase will enable sma ac o ies
o op imise eplenishmen , p oduc ion and deli e y p ocesses, educe was e and p omo e
sus ainabili y. AI echnology plays a i al ole in imp o ing he e iciency, accu acy and
speed o he p oduc ion p ocess, and also in op imising supply chain managemen and
imp o ing p oduc quali y. By analysing la ge amoun s o da a and iden i ying pa e ns,
AI algo i hms can p edic u u e demand, educe down imes and assis in op imising
wa ehouse managemen and logis ics. The AIDEAS p ojec aims o de elop AI ech-
nologies o suppo he en i e manu ac u ing li e cycle o indus ial equipmen as a
s a egic ins umen o imp o e he sus ainabili y, agili y and esilience o Eu opean
machine y manu ac u ing companies.
442 B. And es e al.
Making Indus y 4.0 ools a ailable o SMEs in an a o dable and accessible way is
c ucial o in eg a ing AI in o he manu ac u ing phase. This pape p esen s and con-
cep ualises he PO, FO, and DO as examples o sui able AI-d i en solu ions ha can
help manu ac u e s o: op imise he eplenishmen o a la ge numbe o componen s and
ma e ials; educe p oduc ion and p epa a ion imes; imp o e s o age and deli e y; deal
wi h he unce ain ies ha a ise in he manu ac u ing machine y phase. Fu u e esea ch
is led o mo e om he concep ualisa ion o he de elopmen o such in oduced ools
and o implemen hem.
Acknowledgemen s. The esea ch ha led o hese indings ecei ed unding om wo sou ces.
The i s sou ce was om he Ho izon Eu ope F amewo k P og amme (HORIZON) wi h G an
Ag eemen No. 101057294 “AI D i en Indus ial Equipmen P oduc Li e Cycle Boos ing Agili y,
Sus ainabili y, and Resilience (AIDEAS)”. The second sou ce o unding was om he Regional
Depa men o Inno a ion, Uni e si ies, Science, and Digi al Socie y o he Gene ali a Valen-
ciana “P og ama In es igo” ( e . INVEST/2022/330), which he Eu opean Union suppo ed -
Nex Gene a ionEU unde he Plan de Recupe ación, T ans o mación y Resiliencia.
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