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204
PERFORMANCE INDICATORS AND SIGNIFICANCE OF A 5
kW·h MINI PHOTOVOLTAIC STATION IN THE “SUNNY
HOUSEHOLD”
I.R. Kamalo 1, D.Z. Ochil oshe a2, S.B. Idiboye a3, M.E. Kahho o a4
P o esso , Candida e o Technical Sciences, Na oi S a e Uni e si y1
School eache o Physics, Bekobod Dis ic 2
S uden s, Na oi S a e Uni e si y3,4
h ps://doi.o g/10.5281/zenodo.17311668
Abs ac . This a icle examines he special a en ion paid o he de elopmen o sola
ene gy in ou coun y, e ealing he p ospec s and ad an ages o sola ene gy, as well as he
speci ics o al e na i e ene gy p oduc ion. S a is ical da a on he pe o mance o a 5 kWh mini-
pho o ol aic s a ion ins alled in he "Sola House" ega ding he use o sola ene gy a e p esen ed.
Keywo ds: sun, sola adia ion, sola ene gy, sola powe , sola house, sola panel, mini
pho o ol aic s a ion, elec ici y, elec ici y consume , consump ion, sunny day, 8 hou s, income.
In oduc ion
I is well known o all o us ha he demand o elec ic powe is inc easing day by day no
only in ou Republic bu also on a global scale. I we ake he las i e yea s as an example,
wo ldwide demand o elec ici y has been inc easing by 50% each yea . This necessi a es he
expansion and de elopmen o non- adi ional and al e na i e ene gy sou ces. Acco ding o da a
om he In e na ional Ene gy Agency, i he use o sola ene gy con inues o g ow a he cu en
pace, by he yea 2050 i will be possible o mee 25% o he wo ld’s elec ici y demand h ough
sola ene gy. A he same ime, his would educe he annual emission o ca bon dioxide in o he
en i onmen by 6 billion ons.
The adia ion o he ligh lux coming om he cen e o he Sun, which is loca ed a a
dis ance o 1 as onomical uni (150 × 10⁶ km) om ou plane Ea h, amoun s o 1360 W/m² on a
su ace o 1 m² placed pe pendicula ly o i (ou side he Ea h’s a mosphe e). I we ake in o
accoun he abso p ion o sola adia ion by he Ea h’s a mosphe e, hen he adia ion o he ligh
lux on a 1 m² su ace a sea le el (a he equa o and nea by egions) equals 1020 W/m². The
a e age daily alue o he adia ion o he ligh lux is oughly h ee imes less due o he al e na ion
o day and nigh and he a ying angle o he Sun ela i e o he ho izon. I is e iden om his
ha he e iciency o he sola panels cu en ly in use does no exceed 15–20%. I should also be
no ed ha sola adia ion is abso bed no only by he a mosphe e bu also by he li hosphe e and
hyd osphe e.
O e he cou se o a yea , he Ea h’s a mosphe e, li hosphe e, and hyd osphe e abso b
3.85 × 10²⁴ J o sola ene gy. Conside ing ha 1 kW·h = 3,600,000 J, he o al abso bed sola
ene gy o he whole Ea h amoun s o 1.07 × 10¹⁸ kW·h, which ep esen s an eno mous amoun
o ene gy o humani y. The wo king p inciple o a de ice ha con e s sola adia ion in o elec ic
powe is as ollows: he de ice ha con e s sola adia ion in o elec ici y is called a pho oelemen
(a semiconduc o de ice). O he pho oelemen s in use, 85% a e silicon-based (Si), abou 10% a e
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205
made om cadmium ellu ide (CdTe) c ys als. The emaining po ion consis s o ge manium (Ge),
indium phosphide (InP), and gallium a senide (GaAs) c ys als.
Pho oelemen s we e i s used in space, namely in a i icial sa elli es, and ha e since been
adap ed o human needs unde e es ial condi ions.
The en i e elec ici y demand o a i icial sa elli es is supplied p ecisely by sola ene gy. A
pho oelemen consis s o posi i ely and nega i ely cha ged laye s ha c ea e an elec ic ield. The
ligh lux (a s eam o pho on pa icles) alling on he pho oelemen knocks ou elec ons om i ,
and hese elec ons, passing h ough he elec ic ield, gene a e an elec ic cu en . When he
elec ic cu en eaches he in e e , elec ical ene gy is p oduced and deli e ed o he powe
sou ce. Va ious elec ic appliances ha ope a e on elec ic cu en —such as ligh bulbs,
e ige a o s, acuum cleane s, ele isions, adios, o he s a e connec ed o his sou ce and can be
used o human needs as equi ed.
In he clima e o Uzbekis an, he e a e app oxima ely 260–270 sunny days pe yea , wi h
each sunny day las ing abou 8–10 hou s. Taking his in o accoun , we ha e signi ican po en ial
o make maximum use o sola ene gy. A he cu en s age o global de elopmen , he g owing
demand o elec ici y and he con inuous inc ease in ene gy p ices make i c ucial o de elop
g een ene gy using mode n, en i onmen ally iendly, ene gy-e icien echnologies and
enewable ene gy sou ces. In his ega d, p ac ical wo k is being ca ied ou in ou Republic, and
e o s a e unde way o u he i s de elopmen .
Fo ins ance, a 100 MW pho o ol aic powe s a ion (PPS) has been buil and commissioned
in Ka mana dis ic o Na oi Region, and a wind powe s a ion (WPS) has been cons uc ed and
launched in he ci y o Za a shan. In he De elopmen S a egy o New Uzbekis an o 2022–2026,
adop ed by ou go e nmen , special a en ion has been gi en o he de elopmen o “g een” ene gy
ac oss ou coun y.
Taking his in o accoun , he leade ship o ou na ion is encou aging indi iduals and legal
en i ies o ins all sola panels and is p o iding suppo o accele a e his p ocess. Nume ous
incen i es and subsidies ha e been alloca ed, and su plus ene gy gene a ed is pu chased by he
s a e a a high p ice. A p esen , 1 kW·h o elec ici y supplied o households is sold a a p ice o
600 UZS. Meanwhile, he s a e gua an ees o pu chase any su plus elec ici y gene a ed by
households om sola panels, wind powe , o mic o-hyd opowe plan s a a a e o 1,000 UZS pe
1 kW·h o a leas 10 yea s, and his policy is al eady being implemen ed in p ac ice.
This ini ia i e was announced du ing a ideo con e ence mee ing chai ed by ou P esiden
on June 10, 2022. I a household ins alls sola panels wi h a capaci y o 5 kW, i can p oduce a
leas 25–30 kW·h o elec ici y pe day. Below, we p esen he da a on he pe o mance o a 5
kW·h mini pho o ol aic s a ion ins alled a House No. 66, Ma’ i a S ee , Na oi ci y, showing he
amoun o elec ici y, i gene a ed o e 50 days s a ing om he day o i s ini ial ins alla ion:
Da e (Yea , Mon h, Day)
Ene gy P oduced
(kW·h)
Rema ks / No es
1
21-July, 2025
15
The daily elec ici y consump ion
has no been aken in o accoun in
2
22- July, 2025
20
3
23- July, 2025
22
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4
24- July, 2025
42
he elec ical ene gy da a shown
he e.
5
25- July, 2025
25
6
26- July, 2025
19
7
27- July, 2025
0
8
28- July,2025
47
9
29- July,2025
0
10
30- July,2025
46
11
31- July, 2025
0
12
1-A gus , 2025
0
13
2-A gus , 2025
0
14
3-A gus , 2025
17
15
4-A gus , 2025
23
16
5-A gus , 2025
0
17
6-A gus , 2025
41
18
7-A gus , 2025
23
19
8-A gus , 2025
0
20
9-A gus , 2025
22
21
10-A gus ,2025
0
22
11-A gus , 2025
23
23
12-A gus , 2025
44
24
13-A gus , 2025
21
25
14-A gus , 2025
24
26
15-A gus ,2025
0
27
16-A gus , 2025
43
28
17-A gus , 2025
22
29
18-A gus , 2025
22
30
19-A gus ,2025
0
31
20-A gus , 2025
20
1
21-A gus , 2025
42
The daily consumed elec ical
ene gy has no been aken in o
accoun in he elec ical ene gy
shown he e.
2
22-A gus ,2025
20
3
23-A gus , 2025
0
4
24-A gus , 2025
37
5
25-A gus , 2025
21
6
26-A gus , 2025
19
7
27-A gus , 2025
20
8
28-A gus ,2025
0
9
29-A gus , 2025
21
10
30-A gus , 2025
42
11
31-A gus ,2025
8
12
1-Sep embe , 2025
11
13
2- Sep embe , 2025
17
14
3- Sep embe ,2025
0
15
4- Sep embe ,2025
19
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16
5- Sep embe ,2025
0
17
6- Sep embe ,2025
19
18
7- Sep embe ,2025
19
19
8- Sep embe ,2025
34
20
9- Sep embe , 2025
19
21
10- Sep embe , 2025
0
To al
949 кW·h
A p esen , 1 kW·h o elec ici y supplied o households is sold a a p ice o 600 UZS.
Meanwhile, he s a e gua an ees o pu chase any su plus elec ici y gene a ed by households om
sola panels, wind powe , o mic o-hyd opowe plan s a a a e o 1,000 UZS pe 1 kW·h o a
leas 10 yea s, and his policy is al eady being implemen ed in p ac ice.
Conclusion
This ini ia i e was announced du ing a ideo con e ence mee ing chai ed by ou P esiden
on June 10, 2022. I a household ins alls sola panels wi h a capaci y o 5 kW, i can p oduce a
leas 25–30 kW·h o elec ici y pe day. Below, we p esen he da a on he pe o mance o a 5
kW·h mini pho o ol aic s a ion ins alled a House N. 66, Ma i a S ee , Na oi ci y, showing he
amoun o elec ici y, i gene a ed o e 50 days s a ing om he day o i s ini ial ins alla ion:
Conside ing he 25-yea wa an y pe iod p o ided by he sola panel manu ac u e s,
elec ici y gene a ion in his ield is no only en i onmen ally ha mless bu also qui e p omising in
e ms o u u e p ospec s.
REFERENCES
1. Kamalo I.R., Kamalo a D.I., Sai ullae a G.I., Sa o o A.R., Tillaboe A.M. “P ac ical
exe cises in Gene al As onomy”, ex book. Tilsim Publishing House, Tashken , 2023.
2. Aleksee V.V., Cheka yo L.V. Sola Ene gy. Moscow, 1991.
3. Sibikin Yu.D., Sibikin M.Yu. Non-T adi ional Renewable Ene gy Sou ces: Educa ional
Edi ion. Moscow, 2008.
4. Kamalo I.R., Kamalo a D.I., Sai ullae a G.I., Ba akae a S.T., Sa a o a B.D. “P ac ical
Exe cises in he As onomy Cou se (As ophysics)”, s udy guide. Tilsim Publishing House,
Tashken , 2023.
5. Oppo uni ies o he Use o Sola Ene gy. NSPI.UZ websi e.
