Fo ming deu e a ed me hanol (and o he COMs)
in p e-s ella co e condi ions
Wiebke Riedel¹, Olli Sipilä¹, Elena Redaelli2,1, Miwha Jin3,4, Paola Caselli1,
An on Vasyunin5, Rob Ga od6
1 Max-Planck-Ins i u ü ex a e es ische Physik
2 Eu opean Sou he n Obse a o y
3 As ochemis y Labo a o y, NASA Godda d Space Fligh Cen e
4 Depa men o Physics, Ca holic Uni e si y o Ame ica
5 U al Fede al Uni e si y
6 Depa men s o As onomy&Chemis y, Uni e si y o Vi ginia
c edi : He schel!
1
Jiménez-Se a+2016
o he s a he ime: !
•p es ella co e
L1689B
Bacmann+2012!
•dense co e B1-b
Ce nicha o+2012
How do complex o ganic molecules o m?
g adual wa m-up phase: COMs o m a 30K-100K
Ga od+2008
c edi : alk by Rob Ga od 2010
sa u a ed molecules
p oduced by
hyd ogena ion!
pho odissocia ion
p oduces adicals!
g adual wa m-up
o molecula cloud!
di usion o
adicals!
eac ion &
deso p ion o
p oduc s!
obse a ions in da k molecula clouds
show COMs al eady o m o some ex en a 10K!
bu
L1544!
o he s oday:!
•Quijo e p ojec !
•Go ham
p ojec !
models & obse a ions
2
2
How do complex o ganic molecules o m?
1. Fedosee +2015 - CO+H:
o maldehyde ( ), me hanol ( ), glycoaldehyde ( ), e hylene glycol ( )
H2CO
CH3OH
HC(O)CH2OH
H2C(OH)CH2OH
2. Chuang+2016 - CO+H+H2CO & CO+H+CH3OH:
o maldehyde ( ), me hanol ( ), glycoaldehyde ( ), e hylene glycol ( )
+ me hyl o ma e ( )
H2CO
CH3OH
HC(O)CH2OH
H2C(OH)CH2OH
CH3OCHO
3. Fedosee +2017 - CO+H+HOCH2CHO:
glyce ol ( ), glyce aldehyde ( )!
HOCH2CH(OH)CH2OH
HOCH2CH(OH)CHO
4. Qasim+2019 - C2H2+CO+H:
p opanal ( ), 1-p opanol ( )!
H3CCH2CHO
CH3CH2CH2OH
5. Ioppolo+2021 - CO+NH2CH3+O2+H:
glycine ( )!
NH2CH2COOH
6. Fedosee +2022 - CO+H+C+H2O:
ke ene ( ), possibly ace aldehyde ( ) and e hanol ( )!
CH2CO
CH3CHO
CH3CH2OH
7. San os+2022 - H+H2CO:
me hanol ( ) by !
CH3OH
H2CO + CH3O→CH3OH + HCO
13K
15K
13K
10K
13K
10K
10K-16K
expe imen s
3
3
How do complex o ganic molecules o m?
1. Fedosee +2015 - CO+H:
o maldehyde ( ), me hanol ( ), glycoaldehyde ( ), e hylene glycol ( )
H2CO
CH3OH
HC(O)CH2OH
H2C(OH)CH2OH
2. Chuang+2016 - CO+H+H2CO & CO+H+CH3OH:
o maldehyde ( ), me hanol ( ), glycoaldehyde ( ), e hylene glycol ( )
+ me hyl o ma e ( )
H2CO
CH3OH
HC(O)CH2OH
H2C(OH)CH2OH
CH3OCHO
3. Fedosee +2017 - CO+H+HOCH2CHO:
glyce ol ( ), glyce aldehyde ( )!
HOCH2CH(OH)CH2OH
HOCH2CH(OH)CHO
4. Qasim+2019 - C2H2+CO+H:
p opanal ( ), 1-p opanol ( )!
H3CCH2CHO
CH3CH2CH2OH
5. Ioppolo+2021 - CO+NH2CH3+O2+H:
glycine ( )!
NH2CH2COOH
6. Fedosee +2022 - CO+H+C+H2O:
ke ene ( ), possibly ace aldehyde ( ) and e hanol ( )!
CH2CO
CH3CHO
CH3CH2OH
13K
15K
13K
10K
13K
10K
10K-16K
expe imen s
p oposed eac ion pa hways include (a leas ) one eac ion s ep in ol ing
wo hea y immobile eac an s
How a e hey possible?
4
4
How do complex o ganic molecules o m?
1. Fedosee +2015 - CO+H:
o maldehyde ( ), me hanol ( ), glycoaldehyde ( ), e hylene glycol ( )
H2CO
CH3OH
HC(O)CH2OH
H2C(OH)CH2OH
2. Chuang+2016 - CO+H+H2CO & CO+H+CH3OH:
o maldehyde ( ), me hanol ( ), glycoaldehyde ( ), e hylene glycol ( )
+ me hyl o ma e ( )
H2CO
CH3OH
HC(O)CH2OH
H2C(OH)CH2OH
CH3OCHO
3. Fedosee +2017 - CO+H+HOCH2CHO:
glyce ol ( ), glyce aldehyde ( )!
HOCH2CH(OH)CH2OH
HOCH2CH(OH)CHO
4. Qasim+2019 - C2H2+CO+H:
p opanal ( ), 1-p opanol ( )!
H3CCH2CHO
CH3CH2CH2OH
5. Ioppolo+2021 - CO+NH2CH3+O2+H:
glycine ( )!
NH2CH2COOH
6. Fedosee +2022 - CO+H+C+H2O:
ke ene ( ), possibly ace aldehyde ( ) and e hanol ( )!
CH2CO
CH3CHO
CH3CH2OH
13K
15K
13K
10K
13K
10K
10K-16K
expe imen s
p oposed eac ion pa hways include (a leas ) one eac ion s ep in ol ing
wo hea y immobile eac an s
5
5
In oducing nondi usi e chemis y
ollowing Jin&Ga od(2020) & Ga od+2022
6
simila p ocesses es ed in:!
•single h ee-body eac ion o explain o ma ion
(Ga od&Pauly 2011)!
•Eley-Rideal mechanism (e.g.: Ruaud+2015)!
•chain eac ion mechanism (Chang&He bs 2016)!
•single h ee-body eac ion o explain o ma ion
(Dulieu+2019)!
CO2
NH2CHO
6
In oducing nondi usi e chemis y
ollowing Jin&Ga od(2020) & Ga od+2022
7
simila p ocesses es ed in:!
•single h ee-body eac ion o explain o ma ion
(Ga od&Pauly 2011)!
•Eley-Rideal mechanism (e.g.: Ruaud+2015)!
•chain eac ion mechanism (Chang&He bs 2016)!
•single h ee-body eac ion o explain o ma ion
(Dulieu+2019)!
CO2
NH2CHO
7
In oducing nondi usi e chemis y
ollowing Jin&Ga od(2020) & Ga od+2022
8
simila p ocesses es ed in:!
•single h ee-body eac ion o explain o ma ion
(Ga od&Pauly 2011)!
•Eley-Rideal mechanism (e.g.: Ruaud+2015)!
•chain eac ion mechanism (Chang&He bs 2016)!
•single h ee-body eac ion o explain o ma ion
(Dulieu+2019)!
CO2
NH2CHO
8
How a e COMs deu e a ed?
H+
3+ HD →H2D++ H2+ 230K
iso opic exchange eac ion:
H2D++ X →DX++ H2
DX++ e−→X+D
p oduc ion o H and D a oms by elec on
ecombina ion o p o ona ed ions
Hidaka+2009
deu e a ion mechanism in he gas deu e a ion mechanism on g ains
cosmic D/H a io:
molecula cloud D/H a io: 0.1-1.0
10−5
9
9
Resul s
I. eac i e deso p ion a e o me hanol
inc eases due o cyclic H-abs ac ion e en s
16
16
Resul s
I. eac i e deso p ion a e o me hanol
inc eases due o cyclic H-abs ac ion e en s
I. inc eases due o
p e e en ial abs ac ion o o
and
N(CH2DOH)/N(CH3OH)
CH2DOH
CHDOH
CH2DO
17
17
Take home messag es
obse a ions: COM o ma ion al eady in p e-s ella co e phase!
expe imen s: o ma ion pa hways in ol e 2 hea ie eac ion pa ne s
1.
addi ion o nondiffusi e eac ion mechanisms p o ides only mino
con ibu ions o me hanol o ma ion!
2.
3.
4.
does no play a majo ole !
H2CO + CH3O→CH3OH + HCO
18
addi ion o H-abs ac ion eac ions inc eases &
!
CH3OH
N(CH2DOH)/N(CH3OH)
18
Re e ences
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