Towa ds new on ie s: he as ochemical jou ney
om young s ella nu se ies o exoplane s Alex C idland
A.C [email protected]
Alex C idland
A.C [email protected]
Towa ds new on ie s: he as ochemical jou ney
om young s ella nu se ies o exoplane s
Gas dynamics a ound a
Jupi e mass plane
Alex C idland, S a Scien is ,
Theo e ical As ophysics o Ex a-sola Plane s chai
Uni e si y Obse a o y o Munich (USM), LMU
A.C [email protected]
Co-au ho s:
- My iam Benis y, (MPIA, ERC-p o oplane s)
- Elena Lega (OCA)
Chemical e olu ion o ci cumplane a y ma e ial
Towa ds new on ie s: he as ochemical jou ney
om young s ella nu se ies o exoplane s Alex C idland
A.C [email protected]
Alex C idland
A.C [email protected]
Towa ds new on ie s: he as ochemical jou ney
om young s ella nu se ies o exoplane s
So le ’s s a a he end…
●Ci cumplane a y disks (CPDs) a e ho -a leas du ing he p esen ed phase o plane
o ma ion
●High empe a u es d i e he chemical s a e o he gas away om PPD
●Sul u -bea ing species (CS, SO, SO2) show a pa icula sensi i i y o he CPD
●The CPD is oo ho o p oduce canonical ice lines, ice species a i ing on dus g ains
a e sublima ed and may mix in o he ola ile s ockpile o he CPD
… you may now zone ou , o wai and see how we go he e
Towa ds new on ie s: he as ochemical jou ney
om young s ella nu se ies o exoplane s Alex C idland
A.C [email protected]
Alex C idland
A.C [email protected]
Towa ds new on ie s: he as ochemical jou ney
om young s ella nu se ies o exoplane s
Mos PF s udies
compa e PPD o
ma u e plane s
A mo e di ec app oach may be o
chemically cha ac e ize young
p o oplane s in hei na al PPD
ALMA (ESO/NAOJ/NRAO)/Benis y+ (2021)
Wang+ 2021
Facchini+ 2021
E e yone’s a ou i e, PDS 70:
See o ex. C idland+ (2023)
Towa ds new on ie s: he as ochemical jou ney
om young s ella nu se ies o exoplane s Alex C idland
A.C [email protected]
Alex C idland
A.C [email protected]
Towa ds new on ie s: he as ochemical jou ney
om young s ella nu se ies o exoplane s
Mos PF s udies
compa e PPD o
ma u e plane s
Bu inding hese embedded
p o oplane s p esen a challenge PDS 70
HD 169142 Law+ 2023
Con ou s: SO; SiS
HD 100546 Modi ied om Boo h+ 2024
Gas emission asymme y may ace embedded plane s
Towa ds new on ie s: he as ochemical jou ney
om young s ella nu se ies o exoplane s Alex C idland
A.C [email protected]
Alex C idland
A.C [email protected]
Towa ds new on ie s: he as ochemical jou ney
om young s ella nu se ies o exoplane s
Goals: molecula ace s o p o oplane s?
●Wha a e he physical and chemical p ope ies o he gas enci cling an embedded
plane ?
●A e he e molecula species ha end o a ise in he wa m ci cumplane a y ma e ial
a ound a p o oplane ?
●How does he change in gas empe a u e a ec he low o ola iles o he plane ?
Towa ds new on ie s: he as ochemical jou ney
om young s ella nu se ies o exoplane s Alex C idland
A.C [email protected]
Alex C idland
A.C [email protected]
Towa ds new on ie s: he as ochemical jou ney
om young s ella nu se ies o exoplane s
Goals: molecula ace s o p o oplane s?
●Pape 1: Lega, Benis y, C idland+ (Oc 2024)
○Gas dynamics a ound a Jupi e mass
plane : I. In luence o p o oplane a y disk
p ope ies
●Pape 2: C idland, Lega, & Benis y (Jan 2025)
○Gas dynamics a ound a Jupi e mass
plane : II. Chemical e olu ion o
ci cumplane a y ma e ial
-> 3D Fa gOCA simula ion o embedded Jupi e
Towa ds new on ie s: he as ochemical jou ney
om young s ella nu se ies o exoplane s Alex C idland
A.C [email protected]
Alex C idland
A.C [email protected]
Towa ds new on ie s: he as ochemical jou ney
om young s ella nu se ies o exoplane s
Me hod: FARGOCA hyd odynamic code
●Fa gOCA: non-sel g a i a ing single luid hyd odynamic
simula ion o a PPD embedded wi h a Jupi e -mass
plane
○Opened gap, wi h gas low h ough 1s and 2nd
Lag ange poin s and me idional low
●Tempe a u e o he gas compu ed ia lux limi ed
di usion
●Pos -p ocessing: hold he eloci y ield & empe a u e
s a ic while compu ing s eamlines h ough he
simula ion
Pape 1: Lega, Benis y, C idland+ (2024)
Pape 2: C idland, Lega, & Benis y (2025)
-> 3D Fa gOCA simula ion o embedded Jupi e
S eamline: T ajec o y o a Lag angian pa icle mo ing h ough he luid
Towa ds new on ie s: he as ochemical jou ney
om young s ella nu se ies o exoplane s Alex C idland
A.C [email protected]
Alex C idland
A.C [email protected]
Towa ds new on ie s: he as ochemical jou ney
om young s ella nu se ies o exoplane s
Se up: Jupi e -mass plane , MMSN disk
●Fa gOCA: non-sel g a i a ing single luid hyd odynamic
simula ion o a PPD embedded wi h a Jupi e -mass
plane
○Opened gap, wi h gas low h ough 1s and 2nd
Lag ange poin s and me idional low
●Disk densi y s uc u e se o he MMSN o he Nominal
model
○Doesn’ p oduce a CPD bu P-suppo ed en .
●LowMass model educes disk densi y by 10x
○We do p oduce a CPD, and is ea u ed he e
-> 3D Fa gOCA simula ion o embedded Jupi e
Pape 1: Lega, Benis y, C idland+ (2024)
Pape 2: C idland, Lega, & Benis y (2025)
Towa ds new on ie s: he as ochemical jou ney
om young s ella nu se ies o exoplane s Alex C idland
A.C [email protected]
Alex C idland
A.C [email protected]
Towa ds new on ie s: he as ochemical jou ney
om young s ella nu se ies o exoplane s
Examples o s eamlines
O bi ing s eamlines
Nea misses
Me idional lows
Lega+ incl. AC (2024)
**NB: The Hill sphe e is he egion whe e he plane ’s g a i y exceeds i s hos s a
Towa ds new on ie s: he as ochemical jou ney
om young s ella nu se ies o exoplane s Alex C idland
A.C [email protected]
Alex C idland
A.C [email protected]
Towa ds new on ie s: he as ochemical jou ney
om young s ella nu se ies o exoplane s
Chemical e olu ion in each s eamline - a summa y
1. CPD causes elease o ola ile species in o he gas phase
1. Sul u oxides a e o med om sublima ed H2S in CPD (and OH made a ailable om H2O)
1. Sul u ca bides a e o med / sublima ed in CPD
Law+ 2023
Con ou s: SO; SiS
Boo h+ 2023
HD 169142
Towa ds new on ie s: he as ochemical jou ney
om young s ella nu se ies o exoplane s Alex C idland
A.C [email protected]
Alex C idland
A.C [email protected]
Towa ds new on ie s: he as ochemical jou ney
om young s ella nu se ies o exoplane s
Es ima ed SO, SO2, CS, and H2CS
column: 2(14), 7(14), 5(14), 2(17) cm-
2in he simula ed CPD
2 x 1014 cm-2
Based on he he mochemical disk model (DALI,
B ude e + 2012,2013) o PDS 70 by C idland+ (2023)
Quan i a i e
compa ison o
obse a ions/models
C idland, Lega, & Benis y (2025)
Towa ds new on ie s: he as ochemical jou ney
om young s ella nu se ies o exoplane s Alex C idland
A.C [email protected]
Alex C idland
A.C [email protected]
Towa ds new on ie s: he as ochemical jou ney
om young s ella nu se ies o exoplane s
Quan i a i e
compa ison o
obse a ions/models
Es ima ed SO, SO2, CS, and H2CS
column: 2(14), 7(14), 5(14), 2(17) cm-
2in he simula ed CPD
2 x 1014 cm-2
SO column in he NE blob o HD 169142 is 5(13)
SO2column in he NE blob o HD 169142 is
<4(13) (Law+ 2023) Based on he he mochemical disk model (DALI,
B ude e + 2012,2013) o PDS 70 by C idland+ (2023)
C idland, Lega, & Benis y (2025)
Towa ds new on ie s: he as ochemical jou ney
om young s ella nu se ies o exoplane s Alex C idland
A.C [email protected]
Alex C idland
A.C [email protected]
Towa ds new on ie s: he as ochemical jou ney
om young s ella nu se ies o exoplane s
Conclusions
●We ha e pos -p ocessed a hyd odynamic simula ion o he gas low a ound a
Jupi e -mass, embedded p o oplane in a class-II disk wi h chemical kine ics
●The CPD p o ides high gas empe a u es (200 K<T<800 K) which d i es he
p oduc ion o in e es ing sul u species like CS, SO
●These molecules ha e column densi ies ha a e consis en wi h ( hough o e
p edic ) obse a ions - and SO could be used o ind embedded plane s ia
emission asymme ies
●The CPD is oo ho o p oduce canonical ice lines, ice species a i ing on dus g ains
a e sublima ed and may mix in o he ola ile s ockpile o he CPD
