Co esponding au ho : Ogba, E nes I uma
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S a egies o imp o ing he eaching and lea ning o ag icul u al educa ion using
young a me s club oles in Ebonyi s a e colleges o educa ion
Ogba, E nes I uma 1, *, Egbe, Benjamin Onwe 1 and Saade Abubaka Zailani 2
1 Depa men o Technology and Voca ional Educa ion, Ebonyi S a e Uni e si y, Abakaliki.
2 Depa men o Technology and Voca ional Educa ion, Ahmadu Bello Uni e si y, Za ia.
Wo ld Jou nal o Ad anced Resea ch and Re iews, 2025, 26(02), 2286-2293
Publica ion his o y: Recei ed on 05 Feb ua y 2025; e ised on 23 Ap il 2025; accep ed on 26 Ap il 2025
A icle DOI: h ps://doi.o g/10.30574/wja .2025.26.2.0504
Abs ac
The s udy de e mined s a egies o imp o ing he eaching and lea ning o ag icul u al educa ion using Young Fa me s
Club oles in Ebonyi S a e Colleges o Educa ion. Su ey esea ch design was used o he s udy. The whole popula ion
o 23 esponden s was used comp ising o i e lec u e s and 18 ag icul u al educa ion s uden s, who a e membe s o
Young Fa me s Club in he colleges o educa ion. I was a census as he e was no sampling. The ins umen o da a
collec ion was; S a egies o Imp o ing he Teaching and Lea ning Ag icul u al Educa ion using Young Fa me s Club
Role in he College o Educa ion in Ebonyi S a e (SITLARUYFCR). I was alida ed by h ee (3) expe s; Two in
Ag icul u al Educa ion uni o Technology and Voca ional Educa ion Depa men ; and one in Science Educa ion
Depa men in Measu emen and E alua ion Uni o Ebonyi S a e Uni e si y. C onbach Alpha eliabili y coe icien o
0.85 was ob ained. Mean and s anda d de ia ion we e used o analyzed he esea ch ques ions. I was ound ou ha all
he eigh i ems in ield ip we e accep ed by he esponden s as s a egies o eaching and lea ning ag icul u al
educa ion while eigh (8) i ems in mee ing/discussion, and eigh (8) i ems o inculca ing posi i e a i ude we e all
accep ed as bes me hod o deli e y o bo h p ac ical and knowledge wise in ag icul u al educa ion. i was
ecommended ha such you h p og amme should be adop ed o eaching and lea ning ag icul u al educa ion in hei
cu iculum among o he s.
Keywo ds: S a egies; Imp o ing; Young a me ; Club oles; Ag icul u al Educa ion; Teaching and lea ning
1. In oduc ion
Young Fa me ’s club oles is he plans o b idge in he body o knowledge, skills, expe iences, as such ha e ec i e
p oduc ion will be he ou come. Amed (2021) see s a egies as gene al knowledge, a i ude, skills and unde s anding
ha a e gea ed owa d occupa ion in a ious sec ions in economic de elopmen . S a egies in he con es o his s udy
is he way o close he gap in eaching and lea ning p ocess in ag icul u al educa ion ha can help o imp o e i s deli e y
sys em o achie ing p ac ical skills, knowledge wise, a i udinal unde s anding ha can lead o massi e ood
p oduc ion o he masses. In ano he de elopmen , imp o ing is o change o be e , make hings mo e a ac i e,
p ac icable, despi e all he hind ance acing i . Ogba (2022), main ains ha imp o ing is wo hwhile en u e, posi i e
app oach ha b ings in need o eaching and lea ning in such body o he knowledge and skill. He s essed ha
Ag icul u al Educa ion knowledge and p ac ice canno emain s a ic bu change o be e , and a ac o he s o
p oduc ion pu poses. Ogba and Ndem (2020) see imp o emen as an assessmen p ac ice, as s anda dized es and
obse a ion bo h in p ac ice and skill o p ac ical eaching and lea ning. Imp o ing in he con es o his pape is he
s anda d whe e ag icul u al educa ion is deli e ed o s uden s wi h mo e p ac ical s eps o be e esul . Ogba (2023)
see eaching and lea ning as a dynamic p ocess o e o ma ion, and syne gies be ween aining and skill de elopmen
p oduce s. He s ess ha eaching and lea ning is a guide be ween mo e knowledgeable people o less knowledgeable
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one ha can lead o change in beha io . Teaching and lea ning in he con es o his s udy is he p ocess o impac ing
knowledge in Ag icul u al educa ion o s uden s ha a e o e ing i as hei cou se o s udy.
In ano he , de elopmen , Ag icul u al educa ion is an in eg al pa o oca ional educa ion. Olia on (2021) see
oca ional educa ion as a cou se o hose ha need i and wan o use i and de elop he skills hey wan o use in li e.
Ogba, (2023) s ess ha ag icul u al educa ion eaching and lea ning equi es ield p ac ical, and class oom app oach
in he colleges o educa ion o e ec i e deli e y, he main ains ha ield labo a o y is whe e skills and knowledge based
a e de eloped o p oduc ion and managemen . Ogba & Eze (2020) iew he eaching and lea ning o Ag icul u al
educa ion as p oblem sol ing me hod which canno end wi hou inno a ion as change agen . Mohamed (2018) s ess
ha Ag icul u al educa ion eaching and lea ning equi es you h p og am, which gea s owa ds skill, de elopmen ,
knowledge and unde s anding among hemsel es o ag icul u al p oduc ion. Food and Ag icul u al O ganiza ion
(F.A.O) (2022) s ess ha young a me club is you h o ganiza ion ha ha e simila cha ac e is ics wi h ag icul u al
educa ion p og am. F.A.O (2022) s ess ha young a me s club has in luence in he social economic de elopmen o
any na ion. Mohamed, (2014) is o he iew ha ag icul u al educa ion is a o mal educa ion p og am, ha is augh and
lea n in colleges o educa ion, wi h simila p oduc ion ope a ion, inno a ion wi h young a me s’ club oles. In ano he
de elopmen , Abubaka (2018) is o he opinion ha na ional cu iculum o colleges o educa ion has Ag icul u al
Educa ion as a cou se o s udy. Tybo (2018) see he philosophy o na ional commission o colleges o educa ion in
ag icul u al educa ion ha p oduce Nige ian ce i ica e in educa ion g adua e, as simila o ha o young a me club in
ag icul u al ope a ion and sel - eliance. The e o e, i calls o esea ch in es iga ion, o es ablish empi ically, he oles
o Young Fa me s Clubs as a s a egy o imp o ing eaching and lea ning Ag ic educa ion.
This you h o ganiza ion exis in Ebonyi s a e colleges o educa ion, Oko ie (2014) main ains ha he young a me s club
is an in e es mo i a o and c ea o o changing nega i e a i ude o you h owa ds ag icul u al educa ion eaching as
well as p oduc ion o ood as a se ious business. Howe e , Osuala (2000) see ole as he unc ion and he du y o
some hing, in a bid o de elop i s po en ial. Role in he con es o his s udy is he ac i i ies o young a me s club,
supposed o ende o hei membe s in e ms o guiding hem, in discussing /mee ing in he ield o ag icul u al
p oduc ion, Odo (2021) see ield ip o young a me s club as he way o changing s uden (you h) nega i e a i ude o
a ming and accep ag icul u al educa ion p ac ice in he p oduc ion o ood, p ocessing hem, dis ibu ing hem,
ma ke ing among o he s. Ogba and Uma u (2000) see ag icul u al educa ion objec i e in e ia y ins i u ion as
achie able only when he s uden s a e exposed mo e in p ac ical ield wo k and as well sponso ed by many p i a e ag o
indus ies. The e o e, he need a ise o es ablish he s a egies o imp o ing he eaching and lea ning o ag icul u al
educa ion using Young Fa me s’ club oles in colleges o educa ion in ield ips, mee ing/discussion and inculca ing
posi i e a i ude in ag icul u al by he s uden s.
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1.1. Young Fa me s Club Roles
Figu e 1 Role(s) Index o YFC o membe s
1.2. Pu pose o S udy
The main pu pose o he s udy is o de e mine he ole o he young a me s club as s a egies o imp o ing he eaching
and lea ning o he ag icul u al educa ion in college o educa ion in Ebonyi s a e. Speci ically, he s udy ends o:
• De e mine he s a egies o imp o ing he eaching and lea ning o ag icul u al educa ion using young a me s
club oles in ield ips o he membe s in colleges o educa ion.
• In es iga e he s a egies o imp o ing he eaching and lea ning o ag icul u al educa ion using young a me s
club oles in discussion and mee ings wi h he membe s in colleges o educa ion.
• De e mine he s a egies o imp o ing he eaching and lea ning o ag icul u al educa ion using young a me s
club oles in inculca ing posi i e a i ude owa d ag icul u al educa ion s uden in colleges o educa ion.
1.3. Resea ch Ques ion
• Wha a e he s a egies o imp o ing he eaching and lea ning o ag icul u al educa ion using young a me s
club oles in ield ips o he membe s in college o educa ion?
• Wha a e he s a egies o imp o ing he eaching and lea ning o ag icul u al educa ion using young a me s
club oles in discussion and mee ings wi h he membe s in college o educa ion?
• Wha a e he s a egies o imp o ing he eaching and lea ning o ag icul u al educa ion using young a me s
club oles in inculca ing posi i e a i ude owa d ag icul u al educa ion s uden in college o educa ion?
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2. Me hodology
The s udy was ca ied ou in Ebonyi S a e, which is bounded in he Eas wi h C oss Ri e , Sou h wi h Abia S a e; Wes
wi h Enugu S a e, and No h wi h Benue S a e. I is one o he s a es in he Sou heas egion Nige ia. The s udy was
wi hin Ebonyi s a e college o educa ion Ikwo, which exis in he cen al educa ion zone in he s a e.
2.1. Popula ion and Sample
The popula ion o he s udy consis o i e lec u e s in Ag icul u al Educa ion Depa men and 18 s uden s, who a e
membe s o young a me s’ club in he college o educa ion. The en i e popula ion was used as he sample, since he
popula ion is small and manageable.
2.2. Ins umen o Da a Collec ion
The ins umen o da a collec ion was s uc u ed ques ionnai e, which con ains 24 i em s a emen s, s uc u ed on
4poin a ing scale o (a) S ongly needed - 4 (b) Mode a ely needed - 3 (c) Sligh ly needed – 2 (d) No needed – 1.
2.3. Valida ion o he Ins umen
The ins umen was gi en o h ee expe s o ace alida ion. Two om Ag icul u al Educa ion expe s in he
Depa men o Technology and Voca ional Educa ion and one om Measu emen and E alua ion, Uni in he
Depa men o Science Educa ion all in Ebonyi S a e Uni e si y, Abakaliki. The alida o s we e di ec ed o check he
sui abili y, ele ance and cla i y o he i ems. The co ec ions, obse a ions and sugges ions o he alida o s we e aken
in inal d a o he ins umen .
2.4. Reliabili y o he Ins umen
The eliabili y o he ins umen was de e mined by ca ying ou simila s udy a Enugu S a e using h ee (3) lec u e s
in Ag icul u al Educa ion and i e s uden s in Ag icul u al Educa ion in college o educa ion in Enugu s a e, he da a
collec ed we e analyzed using C onbach alpha eliabili y coe icien which was used o de e mine he in e nal
consis ency o he i ems which yielded 0.79.
2.5. Me hod o Da a Collec ed
The esea che s pe sonally collec ed he da a which hey adminis e ed o he esponden s; lec u e s and s uden s.
While 23 copies o he ques ionnai e dis ibu ed was e u ned and p ope ly illed, and was used o da a analysis, his
ep esen ed 100% e u n a e.
2.6. Me hod o Da a Analysis
The da a collec ed was analyzed using mean and s anda d de ia ion o answe he esea ch ques ions. A mean sco e o
2.50 was used as cu o poin o c i e ion le el o decision aken. Thus, any i em wi h mean sco e o 2.50 and abo e is
ega ded as s ongly needed by he esponden s, while below 2.50 was ega ded as no needed.
3. Da a P esen a ion, Analysis and In e p e a ion
3.1. Resea ch Ques ion 1: Wha a e he s a egies o imp o ing he eaching and lea ning o ag icul u al
educa ion using young a me s club oles in ield ips o he membe s in college o educa ion?
Table 1 Analysis o Mean Ra in o he Responses o Membe s o YFC on Field T ip
S/N
Ques ionnai e I ems (Field T ips)
(𝒙
)
SD
Decision
1
Visi a ion o poul y a m wi h 3 sec ions (B oile , Laye s & Ha che s)
3.25
1.35
S ongly
needed
2
Visi a ion o ish a m wi h 3 sec ions ( inge ling, gi inal and Ma u ed sec ion)
3.18
1.41
S ongly
needed
3
Visi a ion o pigge y a m wi h 3 sec ions (Pigle sec ion, p egnan pig sec ion
and me ing sec ion)
3.13
1.33
S ongly
needed
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4
Visi a ion o plan ain a m wi h 3 sec ions (Cocoa, Cola nu and pa a ubbe )
3.98
1.53
S ongly
needed
5
Visi a ion o esea ch ins i u e o ube , oo s, ui s (seed) (Umudike and
Ibadan Colleges o Educa ion)
3.95
1.33
S ongly
needed
6
Visi a ion o oil palm seed mul iplica ion and b eeding p og amme.
3.42
1.63
S ongly
needed
7
Visi a ion o ag icul u al esea ch ins i u e (Ibadan)
3.21
1.43
S ongly
needed
8
Visi a ion o in eg a ed complex a m (O a)
3.41
1.55
S ongly
needed
Table 1, The s a egies o imp o ing he eaching and lea ning o ag icul u al educa ion using young a me s club oles
in ield ips o he membe s in college o educa ion in Ebonyi S a e has eigh (8) i ems and all he i ems we e accep ed
by he esponden s as needed. The highes mean sco es and s anda d de ia ion anging om 3.13 o 3.98 and s anda d
de ia ion ange o 1.33, o 1.53 as he highes mean sco es and s anda d de ia ion i ems in ield ip. This signi ies ha
he esponden s s ongly needed he ield ips o he membe s as s a egies o imp o ing he eaching and lea ning o
ag icul u al educa ion in he colleges o educa ion in Ebonyi S a e.
3.2. Resea ch Ques ion 2: Wha a e he s a egies o imp o ing he eaching and lea ning o ag icul u al
educa ion using young a me s club oles in discussion and mee ings wi h he membe s in college o educa ion?
Table 2 Analysis o Mean Ra in o he Responses o Membe s o YFC on Mee ing and Discussion
S/N
Ques ionnai e I ems (Mee ing/Discussion wi h Expe s)
(𝒙
)
SD
Decision
1
A ange mee ing and discussion o he membe s wi h c op science expe s
3.32
1.42
S ongly needed
2
A ange o mee ing wi h poul y expe s p oduc ion wi h he membe s
3.12
1.25
S ongly needed
3
Fixing discussion in wo kshops o he membe s
3.26
1.34
S ongly needed
4
Fixing discussion wi h p igge y expe s o he membe s
3.14
1.32
S ongly needed
5
Fixing discussion wi h e ena y expe s o he membe s
2.52
1.41
mode a ely
needed
6
A ange o mee ing wi h c op expe s o he membe s
2.51
1.17
mode a ely
needed
7
A ange o discussion wi h ege able and ui p oduc ion expe s o he
membe s
3.13
1.26
S ongly needed
8
A ange o discussion wi h ex ension agen s wi h he membe s
2.94
1.33
S ongly needed
The able II showed ha i em 1 has he highes mean a ing o 3.32 and s anda d de ia ion o 1.42. while i em 5 and 6
has mean sco e a ing o 2.52 and 2.51 and s anda d de ia ion o 1.41 and 1.17, which indica ed mode a ely needed in
discussion and mee ing o he membe s. This implies ha discussion / mee ings we e needed by esponden s since,
all we e in ag eemen ha his discussion and mee ing ega ding ag icul u al educa ion imp o es i s eaching and
lea ning.
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3.3. Resea ch Ques ion 3: Wha a e he s a egies o imp o ing he eaching and lea ning o ag icul u al
educa ion using young a me s club oles in inculca ing o posi i e a i ude owa d ag icul u al educa ion
s uden s in colleges o educa ion?
Table 3 Analysis o Mean Ra in o he Responses o Membe s o YFC on Inculca ing Posi i e A i ude
S/N
Ques ionnai e I ems (Inculca ing Posi i e A i ude)
(𝒙
)
SD
Decision
1
Young a me s club p o ide means o ea ning money o he membe s.
2.64
1.41
S ongly
needed
2
Young a me s club p o ide skills o ag icul u al p oduc ion o p ac ice wi h
he membe s
3.32
1.53
S ongly
needed
3
Young a me s club mo i a e membe s o pa icipa e in a ming ac i i ies
3.51
1.67
S ongly
needed
4
Young a me s club is a well-o ganized g oup o ag icul u al de elopmen
3.40
1.81
S ongly
needed
5
Field ip o ganized by young a me s club encou ages he public o join and
s a a ming p ac ice.
3.41
1.72
S ongly
needed
6
I like young a me s club because i p o ide job oppo uni y o he membe s
3.33
1.62
S ongly
needed
7
Discussion/mee ing be ween expe a me s and he membe s makes i an
in e es ing o ganiza ion
3.32
1.81
S ongly
needed
8
Young a me s club p ac icalize all aspec o ag icul u al educa ion wi h he
membe s
3.65
1.82
S ongly
needed
Table 3 shows ha i em 8 has he highes mean sco e a ing o 3.65 and s anda d de ia ion o 1.82, as highly needed
posi i e a i ude owa ds he membe s. While i em 1 has mean sco e a ing o 2.64 as he lowes and s anda d de ia ion
o 1.41 as mode a ely needed, his implies ha a i ude and in e es o he esponden s imp o es eaching and lea ning
o ag icul u al educa ion.
4. Discussion o Findings
Table 1 and esea ch ques ion 1: I was disco e ed om he indings shown in esea ch ques ion 1 ha mos a eas o
isi a ions iden i ied we e ag eed upon by he ag icul u al educa ion s uden s as essen ial s a egies o imp o ing
eaching and lea ning o ag icul u al educa ion in colleges o educa ion and c ea ing awa eness in di e en a eas o
ag icul u al educa ion. The indings o his s udy was in ag eemen wi h ha o Amed (2018), who no ed ha young
a me s club o ganiza ion inculca e ag icul u al educa ion skills h ough ield ips o he membe s o es o e hei
con idence in ag icul u al p og ammes, p oduc ions among o he s. The abo e iews o Ahmed co obo a es wi h he
idea o Ogba (2020) who main ains ha gi ing ag icul u al educa ion s uden s oppo uni ies o in e ac wi h expe s in
di e en a ea o ag icul u al sec o o in e es will encou age hem o lea n mo e in he a ea o hei oca ion. The
indings show ha s uden s ha e choice o make as o wha hey need mos and a eas. This is in line wi h iew o
Olia ion (2021) who obse ed ha when i comes o skills de elopmen o s uden s, (Job skills) many s uden s will like
o en oll in such p ac ical p og amme o equip hem. This s udy is in line wi h he s udy o Ogba and Eze (2021) who
see ag icul u al educa ion eaching and lea ning as p oblem sol ing when i is necessa y o hem and will bene i hem
in e iewing he s yle o eaching and lea ning ag icul u al educa ion by s uden s in young a me s club wi h he
membe s a e mainly engaging hem in ield o ag icul u al p ac ice like discussion and mee ing expe s in di e en a eas
in he ield, isi ing di e en ag icul u al sec o , ag i- echnologies, animal p oduc ion cen e , esea ch ins i u es and
inculca ing posi i e a i ude o s uden s by a ac ing hem and e aining hem in he a eas. This s udy is in line wi h he
s udy o Ogba (2023), who no ed ha ag icul u al educa ion u ilizing he oles o young a me s club is injec ing job
aining o s uden s in di e en a eas o ag icul u al p oduc ion in he colleges o educa ion. I is impo an o no e ha
good eaching and lea ning s yle ensu es ha skills a e p ope ly a anged sys em o he s uden s who need hem.
4.1. Table II Resea ch ques ion 2:
The use o discussion and mee ing wi h he membe s and expe s. The esul p esen ed in esea ch ques ion (2)
e ealed ha Young Fa me s Club oles we e needed s ongly by Ag icul u al Educa ion s uden s in eigh (8) i ems
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anging om c op science expe s, animal science expe s, a me educa ion and ex ension expe s, among o he s. This
s udy is in line wi h he s udy o Osuala (2000), who s essed ha Young Fa me s club guide hei membe s in mee ings
and discussion in di e en ield o Ag icul u e. The s udy is also in line wi h he s udy o Oko ie (2014) who s ess ha
Young Fa me s Club is an in e es mo i a o o s uden s owa ds Ag icul u al ope a ions a e mee ing and discussion
wi h he s uden s in he ield, which guide membe s. This s udy is in line wi h ha o Abubaka (2018), who main ained
ha he cu iculum o Ag icul u al Educa ion as cou se in colleges o educa ion is simila o ha o Young Fa me s Club
objec i es which will gea owa ds mo i a ing and s uden s in Ag icul u al ope a ions when guided by expe s in
a ious a eas o ag icul u al p oduc ion.
4.2. Table 3, Resea ch Ques ion 3:
The esul p esen ed in esea ch ques ion 3, on he oles o Young Fa me s club in inculca ing posi i e a i ude owa ds
ag icul u al educa ion s uden s wi hin he membe s. e ealed ha Young a me s Club oles we e needed s ongly by
Ag icul u al Educa ion s uden s in eigh (8) i ems, which implies ha a i ude o esponden s o imp o es he eaching
and lea ning o Ag icul u al Educa ion when he membe s a e ac i a ed in skills, knowledge and posi i e hinking
owa ds been sel - eliance and p oduc i e in hei a eas o specializa ion. This s udy is in line wi h he s udy o Odo
(2021), who see Young Fa me s Club oles wi h membe s and expe s in Ag icul u e as di ec link in making money o
he membe s, since hey will acqui e p ac ical skills ha can ea n a li ing wi h hem and change hei nega i e a i ude
o posi i e ones in Ag icul u al p oduc ion. This s udy is also in line wi h he s udy o Ogba and Egbe (2023), who see
he eaching and lea ning o Ag icul u al Educa ion wi h he use o Young Fa me s Club oles as a li e change se ices
in posi i e a i ude, p oblem o pa icipa ing in a ming ope a ion is sol ed, which will p o ide job oppo uni ies o
membe s. Expe s guide membe s in secu ing jobs in Ag o-allied companies and echnologies.
This s udy is in line wi h he s udy o Ogba (2022), who see ag icul u al educa ion as a cou se ha has ield labo a o y
whe e he class oom labo a o ies a e subjec ed o p ac ical skills and knowledge demons a ion, in c ops p oduc ion
and animals. He sees eaching and lea ning o he cou se wi h he oles o Young Fa me s Club as ways o in ol ing
di e en expe s o con ibu es o he de elopmen o he membe s and educe unemploymen o hei membe s. The
eigh i ems in he oles i Young Fa me s club in inculca ing posi i e a i ude owa ds ag icul u al educa ion s uden s
ecei ed needed s ongly by he esponden s
5. Conclusion
I is impo an o p o ide he needed oca ional skills o ag icul u al educa ion s uden s ha will enable hem o become
sel - elian so ha when hey g adua e om college o educa ion, hey can lay hands in any o he skills in ag icul u al
educa ion ha hey we e exposed o in he ield. The na ional commission o colleges o educa ion should p o ide
e o med cu iculum in ag icul u al educa ion ha can enhance i s eaching and lea ning wi h skills aining in you h
p og ammes, so ha a e g adua ion, hey can lay hand on ag icul u al p oduc ion as g ea a me s in he na ion o
ood secu i y and de elopmen .
Recommenda ions
Resea che s ecommended ha young a me s club ( oles)as you h p og amme should be inculca ed in o he
cu iculum o ag icul u al educa ion in colleges o educa ion o bo h p ac ical skills, in eg a ed knowledge wise, and
p oduc ion.
I was also, ecommended ha you h club like, young a me s club oles should ha e an a achmen in hei p og amme
o enable hem end help o s uden s in e ia y ins i u ion in echnology, indus ial based, Ag o- echnology among
o he s.
Compliance wi h e hical s anda ds
Disclosu e o con lic o in e es
No con lic o in e es o be disclosed.
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