Danish Scien i ic Jou nal No100, 2025 3
AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
EAR ANALYSIS OF WINTER WHEAT AND BARLEY IN FIELD AND VEGETATION
EXPERIMENTS DEPENDING ON THE APPLICATION OF ORGANOMINERAL FERTILIZERS
Kaza yan G.R.
Resea che 094 717171
Scien i ic Cen e o Ag icul u e o A menia
h ps://doi.o g/10.5281/zenodo.17249776
Abs ac
The s uc u al elemen s o ea s o win e whea a ie y ''Nai i 68'' and ba ley a ie y ''A a'' ha e been s udied
using equi alen doses o o ganic and mine al e ilize s in ield and ege a ion expe imen s. The egula i y o ea
indica o s be ween di e en biological esea ch me hods has been e ealed, and he clea e ec o o ganomine al
e ilize s is mainly exp essed on he numbe and weigh o g ains in he ea , which p o ide an inc ease in yield
compa ed o he con ol.
Keywo ds: Win e whea and ba ley - o ganomine al e ilize s - ea analysis - ha es
One o he cha ac e is ic a ie al di e ences o ce-
eal c ops, by means o which he po en ial o yield
and g ain quali y can be p elimina y e ealed, is ce -
ainly he s uc u al analysis o he ea s, on he basis o
which he u he a e o he a ie y is decided. I is im-
po an o compa e he da a om such analyzes wi h he
mine al nu i ion o plan s, when analyzing ea s o ce-
eal c ops, because ensu ing high yields o any a ie y
is di ec ly ela ed o main enance o a a ional sys em
o soil-plan - e ilize . In he iew o his app oach, he
in ol emen o win e whea a ie ies ''Nai i 68'' and
ba ley ''A a'' in ou ield and ege a ion expe imen s
wi h he applica ion o equi alen doses o o ganic and
mine al e ilize s can cla i y he ela ionship be ween
a ie al po en ial and mine al nu i ion o a ce ain ex-
en . The p ima y desc ip ion o he gene ic bases and
analysis o he ea s o he b ed a ie ies o whea ''Nai i
68'' and ba ley ''A a'' we e ca ied ou by he au ho s
hemsel es - he b eede s [6, 22]. S udies on e ealing
he compa a i e yield o abou 20 a ie ies o he wo ld
collec ion o win e whea , including he eleased a i-
e ies Bezos aya 1, Umanka, Nai i 68, Akh ama , in
ain ed condi ions o he Zangezu ag icul u al zone
showed ha he yield o Nai i 68 on he backg ound o
mine al e ilize s N120P120K120 kg/ha su passed all
o he a ie ies and amoun ed o 30-35 c/ha [18, 19]. In
he ain ed condi ions o he Se an basin, om c ops o
5 a ie ies o win e so whea (Bezos aya 1,
Mi ono skaya 808, Ani, Nai i 68, W-301) a seeding
a es o 260, 280 and 300 kg/ha, ''Nai i 68'' p o ided a
highe yield - 32.6-39.2 c/ha wi h a seeding a e o 280
kg/ha [17].
On he i iga ed soils o A a a Plain and Shi ak
zone, he s udy o ea s uc u e and he deg ee o yield
o nume ous a ie ies o he wo ld collec ion o win e
whea , he esul s o which we e compa ed wi h he Be-
zos aya 1 a ie y, showed he ad an age o his a ie y
in o al indica o s, and he yield o indi idual a ie ies
a ied be ween 48 - 70 c/ha [8,20,23]. On he meadow-
b own i iga ed soils o A a a Plain, mine al e ilize s
a a dose o N120P60K60 kg/ha wi hou c op o a ion p o-
ided win e whea yield o Bezos aya 1 a ie y 35 c/ha
and 60.1 c/ha in he 7 h ield c op o a ion, c ude p o-
ein in g ain was 15.8% [ 3, 5]. Expe imen s ha e es-
ablished ha he bes sowing ime o win e whea a-
ie y 'A menianka 60' a ie y on meadow-b own i i-
ga ed soils is he i s decade o Oc obe , he yield,
depending on he sowing a e (3.0, 4.5 and 6 million /ha
o seeds) anges om 51.3 o 57.4 c/ha [12].
In e es ing s udies conduc ed on win e whea a-
ie ies o he wo ld collec ion o VIR on he a io o
g ain o s aw ha e shown ha he highes yield is p o-
duced by low-s em a ie ies (s em heigh 70 - 85 cm),
whe e he pe cen age o g ain in p oduc ion biomass
(g ain - s aw) is 36.6 - 42.2%, and o medium-s em
(90-105 cm) and high-s em (110 - 125 cm) a ie ies,
espec i ely 28.6 - 34.4 and 22.2 - 26.3%[17]
Mine al e ilize s in doses up o N100P90K80 kg/ha
and sepa a ely N90 (60+30 e ilizing) signi ican ly in-
c ease he yield and quali y o win e whea g ain in
di e en soil and clima ic condi ions [9, 10, 15]. Wi h
he combined applica ion o 20 /ha o manu e and
N150P90K90 kg/ha, he win e ha diness o win e whea
inc eased by 9.5%, he weigh o 1000 g ains inc eased
by 1.2 - 3.4%, he numbe o g ains pe ea inc eased
by 11.9 - 16.9%, and he yield inc ease was 24.7 c/ha
[4]. A high empe a u es (38.80C), he i s -class win-
e whea g ain is o med, whe e he p o ein is 15.2 -
17.6; glu en is 38.9 – 43%, na u al is 818 – 826 g/l [14].
S udies conduc ed on 57 mal ing a ie ies o win e
ba ley showed ha hey p o ide a high yield despi e
di e en win e condi ions [16].
In he analysis o ea s o ce eal c ops, he ea den-
si y, which cha ac e izes he densi y o he spikele s in
he ea s is impo an . This ai is associa ed wi h he
he edi a y ea u es o he a ie y and is a a he cons an
alue o i [11].
The aim o he p esen esea ch is o s udy im-
po an biological indica o s in he ea s uc u e o win-
e whea a ie y ''Nai i 68'' and win e ba ley a ie y
''A a'' when using mine al e ilize s, biohumus and
semi- e men ed manu e, o ind he ela ionship be-
ween hese indica o s and plan yield, as well as o e-
eal he egula i y be ween he esul s o ield and eg-
e a ion expe imen s.
4 Danish Scien i ic Jou nal No100, 2025
Ma e ial and me hodology. Field and ege a ion
expe imen s we e ca ied ou in 2020-2022 on he a i-
e ies o win e whea ''Nai i 68'' and win e ba ley ''A a''
a E chmiadzin p oduc ion and expe imen al a m o
he Scien i ic Cen e o Ag icul u e, on ypical b own
i iga ed meadow soils. The expe imen s we e ca ied
ou in 4- old epe i ion (each epe i ion in ield expe i-
men s was 50 m2, in ege a ion expe imen s - 1 essel).
Schemes o expe imen s a e shown in Tables 2 and 3,
whe e he p inciples o single di e ence and compa i-
son be ween he op ions we e p ese ed. In ield expe -
imen s, he sowing a e o whea was 250 kg/ha (abou
4.2 - 4.5 million g ains), and ba ley was 200 kg/ha (4.0
- 4.5 million g ains), wi h 25 g ains in ege a ion es-
sels. Phospho us - po assium e ilize s o 40% ni ogen
we e applied o he soil in he all o plowing ( ield
expe imen s) and in o ege a ion essels a a dep h o 7
- 8 cm (Oc obe 20 - 25), and 60% ni ogen was applied
in he sp ing in he o m o op d essing in he 1s and
he 3 d decades o Ap il. The seeds we e sown on Oc o-
be 27-28. In ield expe imen s, 4 i iga ions we e ca -
ied ou (in he all - immedia ely a e sowing, in he
2nd decade o Ap il, in he second decade o May and in
he i s decade o June wi h an i iga ion a e o 900 m3
/ ha). A esian wa e om A a a Plain is used, he i i-
ga ion a e is 3600 m3/ha. In ege a ion expe imen s, 40
- 44 li e s o d inking wa e pe essel we e used du ing
he ege a i e season.
Fig.1 Vege a ion expe imen s
Fig.2 Field expe imen s
Ha es ing was ca ied ou in he expe imen s in
he i s decade o July and was aken in o accoun by
he weigh me hod. A he same ime, 10 medium-sized
ull ea s we e aken om each eplica ion o ea anal-
ysis. Ammonium ni a e, g anula ed supe phospha e
(P2O5 - 19.5%), po assium sal (K2O - 60%), om o -
ganic - semi- o ed ca le manu e (N - 0.48; P2O5 - 0.23
and K2O - 0.55% ni ogen dose) and biohumus (N - 1.8
- 2, 0; P2O5 - 0.85 -2.0 and K2O - 0.51 - 0.73% acco d-
ing o he ce i ica e - ni ogen doses) we e used as min-
e al e ilize s. Chemical weed con ol was ca ied ou
in Ap il in ield expe imen s and weeding was ca ied
ou in he ege a ion expe imen s.
Labo a o y soil analyzes we e ca ied ou acco d-
ing o gene ally accep ed me hods [1, 13], in which he
mechanical composi ion o he soil was de e mined by
he classical pipe e me hod and assessed acco ding o
he g ada ion o N.A. Kachinsky [8], hyg oscopic mois-
u e- by he g a ime ic me hod, pH o he wa e ex ac
- by a po en iome e , humus - by I.V. Tyu in, o al ni-
ogen - by he Kjeldahl me hod, mobile o ms o ni o-
gen - by I.V. Tyu in and M.M. Konono a, and phos-
pho us and po assium- by Machigin me hod. S a is ical
p ocessing o yield da a was ca ied ou by he me hod
o dispe sion analysis [7].
Resul s and Discussion. The A a a Plain is he
mos ac i e ag icul u al egion o A menia. Acco ding
o a e age annual da a, he sum o ac i e empe a u es
(abo e 100C) pe yea eaches 4000-43000C (a e age +
10.60C), in win e he absolu e minimum empe a u e
eaches 30, -350C, he amoun o p ecipi a ion is 200 -
260 mm, humidi y coe icien acco ding o Shashko is
0.20-0.25 [21]. The scien i ic cen e o ag icul u e is lo-
ca ed almos in he cen e o A a a Plain a an al i ude
o 853 m abo e sea le el, and i s land a eas a e p e-
sen ed as a homogeneous plain. F om his e i o y, an
a ea o 5 hec a es was selec ed o ield expe imen s, in
he cen e o which one soil sec ion by gene ic ho izons
was conduc ed (Table 1). The soil o ege a ion expe -
imen s was aken om he a able laye (ho izon A 0-30
cm) o he ield plo .
Table 1 shows ha he soil o he expe imen al plo
is a he hick (A + B = 81 cm), and he mechanical
composi ion is es ima ed as medium loamy (physical
clay in ho izons A - 35.09; B2 - 33.40%) and hea y
loamy (B1 - 59 .92%). The mechanical composi ion is
ligh loamy in ho izon C. The eac ion o he soil en i-
onmen is alkaline (pH - 7.6 - 8.4), he con en o humus
and o al ni ogen is low, which is due o he in ense
mine aliza ion o o ganic ma e a high soil empe a-
u es du ing he ege a ion season. As o he mobile
o ms o he main nu ien s, hey ha e an a e age con-
en acco ding o he co esponding g ada ions.
Danish Scien i ic Jou nal No100, 2025 5
Table 1.
Physical-mechanical and ag ochemical cha ac e iza ion es plo soils
Gene ic ho i-
zons and
dep h, сm
Hyd osco-
pic
mois u e ,
%
Amoun <0,01m
м pa icles
(physical clay),
%
pH wa e
ex ac
Humus, %
To al
N,%
Mobile o ms, mg
pe 100 g o soil
N
P2O5
K2O
А 0-30
4,5
35,09
7,9
1,85
0,20
4,5
2,6
36
В1 30-57
3,5
59,92
7,6
1,12
0,08
4,2
2,8
25
В2 57-81
4,4
33,40
8,3
0,78
0,05
3,5
1,9
21
С 81-106
2,3
22,60
8,4
0,45
0,03
1,7
1,6
16
In o de no o o e load he a icle wi h ables, he
a e age da a om ield and ege a ion expe imen s on
yield and analysis o ea s o 3 yea s we e p esen ed
(Tables 2 and 3). Table 2 shows ha he whea g ain
yield in he a ian con ol o ield expe imen s a e -
aged 49.5 o e h ee yea s, and in he e ilized a ian s
we e 63.0 - 67.9 c/ha, wi h he bes pe o mance o a -
ian s N120P80K90, N120K90 and biohumus was 6 /ha. Sim-
ila da a in hese op ions o ba ley also had an ad-
an age. Fo all he yea s o esea ch, he yield o whea
and ba ley in all e ilized a ian s, including he a e -
age o h ee yea s was eliable (NSR05 o whea =
2.43; o ba ley - 1.67 c/ha). The able also shows ha
unde he in luence o mine al and o ganic e ilize s,
he pa ame e s in whea and ba ley ea s change posi-
i ely wi hin small limi s. Table 2.
Resul s o yield and ea analysis o win e and ba ley depending on o ganomine al e ilize s ( ield expe imen s,
a e age o 2020 – 2022)
C op
Expe imen al op ions
Yield,
c/ha
Leng h o
one ea ,
сm
Weigh o
one ea , g.
Numbe o
spikele s in
one ea ,
pcs.
Numbe o
g ains in
one ea ,
pcs.
Weigh o
g ains o
one ea , g.
Whea
1.No e ilize
(con ol)
49,5
8,8
2,8
19,6
47,0
2,2
2.N120P80K90-kg/hа
67,9
9,9
3,6
24,2
57,9
3,4
3. N120P80
63,3
9,5
3,2
22,0
54,8
2,5
4. N120K90
65,9
9,6
3,3
2,10
55,4
2,6
5.Biohumus-6 /hа
64,2
10,4
4,4
22,7
56,4
3,4
6.Manu e -25 /hа
63,0
9,3
3,7
20,9
55,3
3,2
Sx,%
НСР05, c
1,24
2,43
-
-
-
-
-
Ba ley
1. No e ilize
(con ol)
45,7
5,5
2,5
14,5
48,2
2,3
2.N120P80K90-kg/hа
65,1
6,8
3,6
18,5
56,2
2,7
3. N120P80
62,2
5,4
2,6
17,7
52,6
2,4
4. N120K90
63,0
5,5
2,6
19,2
53,2
2,4
5.Biohumus-6 /hа
64,9
6,6
2,8
19,6
55,9
2,7
6.Manu e -25 /hа
63,1
6,4
2,6
17,6
51,2
2,3
Sx,%
НСР05, c
0,87
1,67
-
-
-
-
-
Among hese pa ame e s, he numbe and a e age
weigh o g ains in one ea a e impo an , which de e -
mines he eal g ain yield. As i can be seen om Table
2, in he a ian wi hou e ilize s o whea , he a e -
age numbe o g ains in one ea is 47 pieces (pcs), and
he weigh is 2.2 g. In e ilized a ian s, hese da a
ange om 54.8 (N120P80) o 57.9 pcs. (N120P80K90) and
2.5 - 3.4 g. In he con ol a ian o ba ley, he a e age
numbe and a e age weigh o g ains in one ea a e 48.2
pcs. and 2.3 g, and in e ilized e sions i is 51.2 - 56.2
pcs. and 2.3 - 2.7 g, espec i ely. I should also be no ed
ha he e is no big di e ence in he numbe and weigh
o g ains in one ea o whea and ba ley, which is also
p o en by yield da a. The eal di e ence in yield in e -
ilized plan a ian s is also di ec ly ela ed o he in-
c ease in he o al numbe o ea s, due o which an in-
c ease in yield is o med compa ed o he con ol.
6 Danish Scien i ic Jou nal No100, 2025
Table 3.
Resul s o yield and ea analysis o whea and ba ley in he dependence on o ganomine al e ilize s
( ege a i e expe imen s, a e age o 2020- 2022)
C op
Expe imen al op ions
Yield,
g/ essel
Leng h o
one ea ,
сm
Weigh o
one ea , g.
Numbe o
spikele s in
one ea ,
pcs.
Numbe o
g ains in
one ea ,
pcs.
Weigh o
g ains o
one ea , g.
Whea
1.No e ilize
(con ol)
9,3
7,9
1,5
18,3
26,1
1,0
2.N1,95P1,3K1,56-
g/ essel
16,1
9,2
2,9
23,8
38,7
1,9
3. N1,95P1,3
15,0
8,2
2,2
21,8
35,3
1,4
4. N1,95K1,56
15,4
9,1
2,7
20,1
38,2
1,5
5.Biohumus-87
g/ essel
15,1
8,6
3,2
19,6
39,1
2,2
6.Manu e-390
g/ essel
14,4
8,3
2,7
18,9
38,0
1,7
Sx,%
НСР05, g
5,63
2,52
-
-
-
-
-
Ba ley
1. No e ilize
(con ol)
9,0
4,4
1,4
14,3
24,8
1,1
2.N1,95P1,3K1,56-
g/ essel
11,9
5,9
1,7
18,7
30,3
1,5
3. N1,95P1,3
11,0
4,4
1,5
16,9
27,1
1,2
4. N1,95K1,56
11,6
4,5
1,6
16,6
25,2
1,3
5.Biohumus-87
g/ essel
12,4
5,8
1,7
17,9
29,0
1,5
6.Manu e-390
g/ essel
11,1
5,6
1,6
17,2
26,3
1,4
Sx,%
НСР05, g
2,14
0,76
-
-
-
-
-
Table 3 shows simila esul s o ege a ion expe -
imen s, whe e a ce ain iden i y o he s uc u al uni s
o he ea s wi h he da a o ield expe imen s is ob-
se ed. The a e age leng h o one ea acco ding o he
expe imen al a ian s o whea a ies wi hin 7.9-9.2
cm, he a e age weigh is 1.5-2.9 g, he a e age numbe
o spikele s pe ea is 18.3-23.8 pieces, he numbe o
g ains in one ea is 26.1-39.1; and hei weigh is 1.0-
1.9 g, wi h small numbe s e e ing o he con ol, and
la ge ones a e N1.95P1.3K1.56 g/ essel. The same dynam-
ics is obse ed be ween he a ian s in ba ley, bu sig-
ni ican ly a a lowe le el. As o he g ain yield o
plan s, o whea his igu e was 30% highe han he
ba ley yield on a e age o e h ee yea s. The whea
yield acco ding o he expe imen al a ian s anged
om 9.3 (con ol) o 16.1 g (N1.95P1.3K1.56 g/ essel) and
o ba ley i anged om 9.0 (con ol) o 12.4 g (biohu-
mus). In he e ilized a ian s o he g owing season
expe imen s wi h whea and ba ley, he yield compa ed
o he con ol was signi ican (NSR05 o whea = 2.52;
and o ba ley – 0.76 g).
Thus, he gene ic ea u es o he ea indica o s o
win e whea ''Nai i 68'' and win e ba ley ''A a'' a e
qui e s able and almos simila when cul i a ed in ield
condi ions and in ege a ion essels. The in luence o
o ganomine al e ilize s on he s uc u al pa ame e s
o ea s is mainly clea ly exp essed in he quali y and
weigh o g ains in he ea , which de e mines he in-
c ease in yield in hese a ian s compa ed o he con-
ol.
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