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TECHNICAL SCIENCES
DEFECTS DURING THE OPERATION OF DRILLING TOOLS AND MACHINES IN MINING
Vele S.,
Ph.D, ., Bulga ian Academy o Sciences Ins i u e o me al science, equipmen and echnologies "Akad. A.
Bale ski” wi h hyd oae odynamic cen e 67 Shipchenski p ohod , 1574 So ia, Bulga ia
Kalche ska K.
Ph.D., Assoc.P o ., Bulga ian Academy o Sciences Ins i u e o me al science, equipmen and echnologies
"Akad. A. Bale ski” wi h hyd oae odynamic cen e 67 Shipchenski p ohod , 1574 So ia, Bulga ia
h ps://doi.o g/10.5281/zenodo.17256217
Abs ac
Non-des uc i e me hods o examina ion and con ol o pa s and assemblies o s uc u es allow de e mining
he p obable causes o boils and ac u es a e unaccep able loads. Some o he e alua ions made in he Labo a o y
o "Des uc i e Con ol" a he Ins i u e o me al science, equipmen and echnologies wi h hyd oae odynamic
cen e .
Keywo ds: non-des uc i e es ing, isual examina ion me hods, adiog aphic es me hod, capilla y me hod.
1. In oduc ion
S a e au ho i ies in he coun y such as Regional
Depa men s o he Minis y o In e io and In es iga-
ion Depa men a he ele an depa men s p o ide us
wi h ma e ial e idence om ma e ials and assemblies
ha ha e led o indus ial acciden s o acciden s a e
imp ope use o me al equipmen .
De ails o a e ical d illing hamme ype Hamme
and a pis on om a d illing machine o b and FlexiROC
D50 ha e been ollowed.
The es s we e pe o med a he Labo a o y o
non-des uc i e es ing in IMSETHAC-BAS- License
I-5454 egis a ion numbe 6130 o using o ionizing
ay sou ces o scien i ic and economic pu
2. Tes me hods
Visual con ol – es s a e acco ding o s anda ds
[1].Ren - a e and pene a ing liquid es ing acco ding o
s anda ds [4],[5] ,[6],[7].
Non-des uc i e con ol wi h adia ion me hods
and wi h oen gen de ec oscope o ype 200/5 model
MXR-200. Technical pa ame e s: spo ocus 2,45x2,80
mm; anode cu en 5 mA; ension 180 kV a measu ed
equi alen dose 0,210 mS wi h apping ± 0,8 %. Wo k
condi ions and eading o he oen genog ams a e con-
o mi y wi h S anda ds BDS EN ISO [1, 3].
Calib a ion and ce i ica ion -in acco dance wi h -
Indus ial X- ay sys em MXR 200 ( No 201017)
Ce i ica e o calib a ion №553-Ro/22.05.2020;
Nega iscope KL-1500 (No 151) Ce i ica e o calib a-
ion №462-HC/21.06.2018; Radiog aphic echnology
B; ilm sys em C4, ilm D7.
Capilla y con ol was pe o med acco ding o
s anda ds [4], [5], [6], [7] .
Equipmen use : Calipe № 187, Ce i ica e o cal-
ib a ion № 187-ID/03.12.21;
Lux me e MS6610 : № MBFG077505, Ce i i-
ca e o calib a ion № 35-OI/11.03.2022г.;
Se pene an s: DIFFU-TERM 890, 871 ,860 ,
Ce i ica e o 07.11.2022.
3. P oduc
1.Me al ma e ials and o ging. Tes o cla i y he
easons o b eaking a hyd aulic hamme wo kpiece
plunge wi h No FUROKAWA.
De ails o a geological explo a ion company – pis-
on ig.1a and ig b posi ion №8 on s uc u al documen-
a ion – om b oken hyd aulic hamme FUROKAWA.
The specimen is o s eel ype 40Ch2N2MA. DIN
analogue 1.6565 40NiC Mo 6; Analogue: Japanese
b and JAPAN JIS No G 4103 s eel g ade SNCM8 ype.
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Fig.1 a B oken pis on
Fig.1 b Documen a ion o he pis on posi ion No.8
The olled s eel o he abo e-men ioned ma e ial
is 160mm and wi hin he limi o 100÷400 mm is wi h
subsequen hea ea men o he o gings – empe ing
850 oC in oil and annealing a 610 0C, which allows a
wo kpiece made wi h addi ional machining o be
loaded o an impac o 5120 J ene gy acco ding o he
BDS EN 10002-1:2000 documen a ion.
Fig.2 X- ay pho o
Fig.3 X- ay pho o
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Fig.4 Analysis wi h pene a ing luids o wo kpiece 1.а
1-clus e o po es in he ac u e egion and an in-
cipien c ack abou 35 mm long
2-c acks min 15 pieces wi h leng hs be ween 1.5
and 12 mm
3-single po es be ween 0.5 and 2 mm
4-po es and a c ack measu ing abou 9 mm
A e he adiog aphic con ol acco ding o he
cu en s anda ds BDS EN ISO [1] and [3] Figs.2 and 3
show he ound inadmissible gaps A>10%.
3.2 P oduc - FlexiROC D50
Ve ical each (mm)
Feed swing angles - s anda d eed
Fig.5
Fig.6
Capilla y NDT. I was ound in compliance wi h s anda ds [3,[4],[5] and [6]. Po es /Fig.4 / wi h a leng h o
mo e han 0.5 mm and c acks /Fig.6/ wi h a leng h o 2.2 mm, 3 mm and a main c ack wi h a leng h o 4÷5 mm
we e ound.
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Fig.7 Pe missible lange de ec s a e epea ed loading o he wo king ool
Fig.8-b oken ee h on a wo king lange
Fig.9 d awing o a es o ed pa
4.Conclusion
The de ail o he FUROKAWA FXJ 275 hyd aulic
hamme was b oken due o he la ge numbe o c acks
inside he o ging, as well as po es and c acks a wo
diame ically opposi e ends ha led o a highway c ack.
Es ablished de ec A>10%
Non-linea indica ion Ф>0.5mm- CP3, LP7
Linea indica ion L 2÷12 mm-CP8,AP8
In he second de ail – pa o an ellip ical elemen
wi h sc ew M6 clea ly dis inguish wo zones: b i le
and plas ic. The a ea occupied as a esul o he b i le
des uc ion o he elemen is wice as la ge as he plas ic
zone. The egis e ed c acks inside he o ging, as well
as po es (in blue) a he wo diame ically opposi e
ends, clea ly show he di iding line o des uc ion. The
demoli ion a ea clea ly indica es ha he load is abo e
he allowable. Un o una ely, he elemen was pa o
he equipmen o climbe s and shea ing he s em o he
bol could ha e caused he climbe o sligh .
The manu ac u e p o ides ins uc ions on he
pe missible de ec s a e mul i-cycle loading /Fig.7/.
Fig. 8 shows he pa a e use in no mal ope a ion,
wi hou o e load in ope a ion. The de ec s - b oken
ee h on he lange - a e isible. I was necessa y o
manu ac u e he pa Fig./9/ wi h he ma e ial selec ed
a e analysis and he necessa y hea ea men .
Re e ences:
1. Tes me hod: BS EN 13018:2016 Non-des uc-
i e es ing.
2. Visual es ing. Gene al p inciples Released:
2016-02-29; BS EN 13927:2003 Non-des uc i e es -
ing. Visual es ing. Equipmen , 2003;
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3. BS ISO 5579:2013 Non-des uc i e es ing —
Radiog aphic es ing o me allic ma e ials using ilm
and X- o gamma ays — Basic ules;
4. ISO 3452-1:2013 Non-des uc i e es ing —
Pene an es ing — Pa 1: Gene al p inciples;
ISO3452-2:2013(en) Non-des uc i e es ing — Pene-
an es ing — Pa 2: Tes ing o pene an ma e ials;
5. BS EN 10228-2:2016 Non-des uc i e es ing
o s eel o gings. Pene an es ing;
6. ISO 23277:2015 Non-des uc i e es ing o
welds — Pene an es ing- Accep ance le els;
7. ISO 10675-1:2016 Non-des uc i e es ing o
welds — Accep ance le els o adiog aphic es ing —
Pa 1: S eel, nickel, i anium and hei alloys; EN ISO
17637:2016 Non-des uc i e es ing o welds - Visual
es ing o usion-welded join s; EN 1371-2:2015 Liquid
pene an es ing - Pa 2: In es men cas ings.
