62
Hasan e al.
In . J. Biosci.
2025
RESEARCH PAPER
RESEARCH PAPER RESEARCH PAPER
RESEARCH PAPER
OPEN ACCESS
OPEN ACCESSOPEN ACCESS
OPEN ACCESS
E ec o Bo on Le els on G ow h and Yield o Vege able C ops
in Bangladesh
B.
M. Mahmudul Hasan
*1
, Md. Nu ul Alam
1
, Md. Hanjala
Pipil
1
, Ma u a Yeasmin
2
,
C.M Adi a Alam P o ham
2
, Md Rezoanul Islam
2
1
Depa men o Biochemis y and Molecula Biology, T us Uni e si y, Ba ishal, Bangladesh
1Depa men o C op Science and Enginee ing, Uni e si y o Rajshahi, Bangladesh
2Depa men o Biochemis y and Molecula Biology, T us Uni e si y, Ba ishal, Bangladesh
2Depa men o Biochemis y and Molecula Biology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibu Rahman
Science and Technology Uni e si y, Gopalganj, Bangladesh
Key wo ds:
Bo on, Vege able c ops
, T
oxici y, En i onmen
h p://dx.doi.o g/10.12692/ijb/26.1.62
-
73
A icle published on Janua y 04, 2025
Abs ac
The expe imen s we e conduc ed o in es iga e he e ec o B le els on
g ow h and yield o cabbage, cauli lowe ,
ca o , po a o and adish. The soil was medium e ili y wi h low B con en . The expe imen s we e laid ou in
RCBD wi h 3 eplica ions. The e we e se en le els o B iz. 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 & 6 kg /ha. The B was used as bo ic
acid. The esul s e ealed ha he applica ion o B in de e en le els signi ican ly in luenced he g ow h and yield
o ege able c ops. The yield o cabbage, cauli lowe , po a o and adish esponded signi ican ly o added B up o
3 kg/ha. The yield ad an ages due o B applica ion a e cabbage (68.32 %), cauli lowe (70.84 %), po a o (47.74
%) and adish (49.07 %) o e con ol. Whe eas, applica ion o 2 kg B/ha p oduced he maximum oo yield o
ca o (40.47 %) yield o e con ol also. The yield o ege ables was educed wi hou app op ia e a e o B
applica ion. I is concluded ha he sui able ange o B applica ion is 2-3 kg/ha o maximum ege able c op
p oduc ion in upland soils o Bangladesh. The a e o 2 kg B/ha is applicable o ela i ely low biomass yielded
ege able c ops and 3 kg B/ha o highe yielded ege able c ops, espec i ely. In e es ingly, i can be also s a ed
ha he B applica ion 5 kg/ha o abo e will be ha m ul and s un ed o may be oxic hei ege a i e g ow h o
ege ables.
*
Co esponding Au ho : B.M. Mahmudul Hasan jewelgono @gmail.com
In e na ional Jou nal o Biosciences | IJB |
ISSN: 2220-6655 (P in ), 2222-5234 (Online)
h p://www.innspub.ne
Vol. 26, No. 1, p. 62-73, 2025
63
Hasan e al.
In . J. Biosci.
2025
In oduc ion
Bo on is an essen ial mic onu ien equi emen o
no mal g ow h and de elopmen . I is a e y sensi i e
elemen and plan s di e widely in hei equi emen s
bu he anges o de iciency and oxici y a e na ow.
The B concen a ion in soils a ied widely wi h soil
ypes and en i onmen . The B equi emen s a e
common on upland c ops in humid egions and also
in calca eous soil. Bo on de iciencies a e widesp ead
in humid egions by leaching losses (Thoeh e al.,
1993). I is wide sp ead and o en incipien ha B
de iciency seems o exis in Bangladesh soils (P o ch
and Islam, 1984). Zinc and Bo on no mally becomes
less a ailable o plan s wi h inc easing soil pH. When
Ca a ailabili y is high, he e is a g ea e equi emen
o B o plan g ow h and yield (Tisdale e al., 1995).
Many esea che s obse ed ha B applica ion
inc eased g ow h and yield o upland c ops like-
whea , pulses, oil seeds, po a o, ca o , adish and
papaya. Bo on @ 3.0 kg/ha p oduced he highes
g ain yield o whea , which was s a is ically simila o
ha p oduced by 2.0 kg B/ ha (Ha iz Ak e e al.,
2001). P egno and A ou (1992) also epo ed ha he
highes po a o ube yield was ound when 2 kg B/ ha
was applied o he soil ollowed by 4 kg B / ha. The
highes yield o ca o was ob ained when B was
applied wi h a basal NPK (Nelyubo a e al., 1972).
Mau ya and Singh (1985) ound ha bo ax 10 kg/ha
ga e he highes adish yield inc ease iz. 41% o e
he con ol and he bes p o ein and asco bic acid
con en . Khanam e al. (2000) obse ed ha he
applica ion o Mg and B is necessa y o imp o ing
yield po en iali ies o chickpea and len il a BAU a m
soil o Bangladesh. Applica ion o di e en le els o B
in luenced he g ow h and yield o c ops epo ed by
Mau ya and Singh (1985) in ca o , Quaggio and
Ranos (1986) in po a o, E ka e al. (1995) in po a o,
Po e e al. (1986) in po a o, Ali e al. (2001) in
papaya and Ha iz Ak e e al. (2001) in whea . The
equi emen s o B e ilize in ege ables a e gene ally
mo e han o he co ps. Rasp (1985) men ioned ha
he e ec o added ace elemen s in 12 yea s o c op
o a ion in which po a oes and ce eals we e g own in
al e na e yea s. I was ound ha only B ended o
inc ease po a o yield. High Ganges Ri e Floodplain
soil (AEZ-11) is one o he mos impo an calca eous
soils o Bangladesh. The soils ha e la ge con en o
CaCO
3
, as well as high concen a ion o a ailable Ca
++
p esen in ha soil. The pH is gene ally anging om
7.0-8.5 bu in mos o he upland soils anges om
7.5-8.5. In ac , in o ma ion ega ding B equi emen s
o ege able should be meage in Calca eous and
Baind soils o Bangladesh. The e o e, an a emp was
made o s udy he e ec o B le els on g ow h and
yield o ege able c ops in Bangladesh.
Ma e ials and me hods
The expe imen s we e conduc ed in calca eous soil
du ing he pe iod om Oc obe 2009 o Feb ua y
2010 and also in Ba ind soil du ing he pe iod om
Oc obe 2010 o Ma ch 2011 o de e mine he e ec o
B le els on g ow h and yield o cabbage, cauli lowe &
ca o and po a o & adish, espec i ely. The soil
samples (0-15 cm) we e collec ed and analyzed soil
ex u e by Hyd ome e me hod and o he pa ame e s
by Hun e (1984) me hod. The expe imen al
calca eous soil was low in e ili y ha ing pH 7.8 and
sil y clay loam ex u e, o ganic ma e 1.12%, o al N
0.07%, a ailable P 19.6 mg/kg, exchangeable K 0.28
me/100g, a ailable S 1.9 mg/kg, exchangeable Ca
17.66 me/100g, exchangeable Mg 0.79 me/100g,
a ailable Fe 67.6 mg/kg, a ailable Mn 26.8 mg/kg,
a ailable Cu 1.68 mg/kg, a ailable Zn 0.68 mg/kg and
a ailable B 0.22 mg/kg and also Ba ind soil was low
in e ili y ha ing pH 5.6 and sil loam ex u e,
o ganic ma e 0.96%, o al N 0.07%, a ailable P
149.6 mg/kg, exchangeable K 0.23 me/100g, a ailable
S 2.3 mg/kg, exchangeable Ca 6.35 me/100g,
exchangeable Mg 0.49 me/100g, a ailable Fe 65.6
mg/kg, a ailable Mn 32.3 mg/kg, a ailable Cu 1.84
mg/kg, a ailable Zn 0.48 mg/kg and a ailable B 0.18
mg/kg.
The e we e 7 le els o B iz. 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 kg/ha
in he ea men s as bo ic acid. The expe imen was
laid ou in a RCBD wi h h ee eplica ions. O he
nu ien s like N, P, K, S and Zn we e applied a he
a e o 150-50-100-20-3 kg/ha as basal dose du ing
inal land p epa a ion and Mo was used as sp ay.
64
Hasan e al.
In . J. Biosci.
2025
U ea, TSP, MP, gypsum, zinc sulpha e and
ammonium molybda e we e applied as he sou ces o
N, P, K, S, Zn and Mo espec i ely. All e ilize s
excep u ea we e applied du ing land p epa a ion and
Mo was applied a 45 days a e plan ing/sowing.
U ea was used in h ee spli s i.e. a inal land
p epa a ion, 30 and 55 days a e plan ing (DAP).
The e was no o ganic used in he ield because
o ganic ma e has la ge con en o bo on. The size o
each plo was 5m×5m, spacing 50cm×50cm o
cabbage and cauli lowe , spacing 25cm×20cm o
Po a o and 18cm×15cm o adish. The in e cul u al
ope a ion, weeding, pes managemen and i iga ion
we e done as and when equi ed. Da a we e eco ded
in andomly om 10 plan s pe plo . A e collec ion
o da a, i was abula ed in p ope o m and subjec ed
o he s a is ical analysis wi h he help o compu e
package MSTAT-C and means we e sepa a ed by
DMRT a 5% LSD alues (Russell, 1996).
Resul s and discussion
E ec o bo on le els on g ow h and yield o cabbage
in calca eous soil
Plan heigh
Applica ion o di e en le els o B showed signi ican
e ec s on plan heigh a di e en days a e
ansplan ing o cabbage. A 30 DAT, he maximum
plan heigh (23.39 cm) was eco ded in ea men B
3
and he second bu s a is ically simila in B
4
. A bo h
45 and 60 DAT, he maximum plan heigh s we e also
ound in B
3
.
Table 1. E ec o B le els on plan heigh and plan sp ead o cabbage.
T ea men s
Plan heigh (cm)
Plan sp ead (cm)
30 DAT
45 DAT
60 DAT
30 DAT
45 DAT
60 DAT
B
0
= Con ol
18.14
25.19
27.50
28.58
39.45
47.66
B
1
= 1 kg B/ha
19.47
28.33
32.22
32.56
51.54
57.52
B
2
= 2 kg B/ha
21.24
32.01
37.43
3
6.00
57.35
61.74
B
3
= 3 kg B/ha
23.39
33.23
39.55
36.17
63.80
66.37
B
4
= 4 kg B/ha
23.06
30.46
36.37
35.20
59.61
65.45
B
5
= 5 kg B/ha
19.32
26.60
32.80
32.36
53.45
59.02
B
6
= 6 kg B/ha
18.11
24.52
29.52
30.43
48.26
57.70
LSD a 5%
0.83
1.17
2.
11
1.87
2.68
3.20
CV (%)
3.68
7.94
5.89
6.46
5.92
8.18
In a column, igu e(s) ha ing common le e (s) do no di e signi ican ly by DMRT a 5% le el, DAT = Days
a e ansplan .
The lowes plan heigh s we e obse ed in B
6
and B
0
(con ol)). Alam (2007) sugges ed ha he g ow h
and yield con ibu ing pa ame e s o cabbage
inc eased up o 4.0 kg B/ha and dec eased g adually
wi h he inc eases o B le els (>4.0 kg B/ha).
Po e e al. (1986) showed ha plan s we e s un ed
and yields educed a applica ion o g a e han 4.5 kg
B/ ha. P egno and A ou (1992) men ioned ha he
highes ube yield was ound when 2 kg B/ha was
applied and ollowed by 4 kg B/ha. The plan heigh
was no inc eased by low a es o B bu was educed
by 8 and 12 kg B/ha compa ed wi h no B.
Plan sp ead
S a is ically signi ican di e ence was obse ed in
plan sp ead a ec ed by B le els in cabbage. The plan
sp ead a di e en s ages o g ow h (a 30, 45, and 60
DAT) was anged om 28.58-36.17 cm, 39.45-63.80
cm and 47.66-66.37 cm espec i ely (Table 1). A all
he g ow h s ages (30, 45 and 60 DAT) he wides
canopy sp eads we e eco ded in he plo ea ed wi h
3 kg B/ha. On he o he hand, he lowes plan sp ead
was obse ed in B
0
and B
6
a all DAT. Alam (2007)
epo ed ha plan sp ead was signi ican ly
in luenced by applied bo on le els and maximum
alue was ound o 3.0 kg B/ha.
65
Hasan e al.
In . J. Biosci.
2025
Numbe o lea es pe plan
Applica ion o di e en doses o B exe ed a
signi ican in luence on he numbe o lea es pe
plan in cabbage. The numbe o lea es inc eased wi h
inc easing B le els up o 4 kg B/ha. A all DAT, he
highes numbe o lea es was ound a 4 kg B/ha,
which was s a is ically simila wi h 3 kg B/ha. The
lowes numbe o lea es was ound in he plo ea ed
wi h con ol and 6 kg B/ha. Alam (2007) epo ed
ha lea numbe was signi ican ly in luenced by B
le els and maximum lea numbe was ound o 3.0
kg B/ha.
Table 2. E ec o B le els on numbe and leng h o lea es o cabbage.
T ea men s
Numbe o lea
es pe plan
Leng h o la ges lea (cm)
30 DAT
45 DAT
60 DAT
30 DAT
45 DAT
60 DAT
B
0
= Con ol
10.86
13.92
15.31
17.18
22.33
27.38
B
1
= 1 kg B/ha
12.83
18.11
19.16
19.44
26.42
32.51
B
2
= 2 kg B/ha
13.75
17.38
18.36
22.13
27.90
33.48
B
3
= 3 k
g B/ha
13.93
18.20
18.81
24.39
30.37
35.43
B
4
= 4 kg B/ha
14.17
18.22
19.34
25.28
31.78
35.72
B
5
= 5 kg B/ha
13.50
17.50
19.03
24.40
30.44
32.56
B
6
= 6 kg B/ha
11.83
17.33
18.17
21.90
29.61
30.83
LSD a 5%
1.13
1.22
1.30
1.27
1.44
1.36
CV (%)
3.
65
7.50
2.56
3.42
3.94
6.12
In a column, igu e(s) ha ing common le e (s) do no di e signi ican ly by DMRT a 5% le el.
Leng h o la ges lea
The leng h o lea in luenced by B le els was ound o
be signi ican in g ow h pe iod (Table 2). The la ges
lea was eco ded in he plo ea ed wi h B
4
and
ollowed by B
3
bu bo h a e s a is ically simila in all
s ages. Ahmmad e al. (2009) showed ha he leng h
o la ges lea o cauli lowe was signi ican ly
inc eased by he applica ion o B a 3 kg/ha wi h Zn a
3 kg/ha. The esul s a e in ag eemen wi h he
indings o Alam (2007).
Table 3. E ec o B le els on lea b ead h and s em leng h o cabbage.
T ea men s
B ead h o la ges lea (cm)
Leng h o s em (cm)
30 DAT
45 DAT
60 DAT
30 DAT
45 DAT
60 DAT
B
0
= Con ol
10.13
17.73
19.65
4.37
5.09
6.37
B
1
= 1 kg B/ha
11.48
19.28
21.36
4.40
6.57
6.65
B
2
= 2 kg B/ha
12.03
19.84
22.16
4.48
6.93
6.21
B
3
= 3 kg B/ha
12.57
21.35
23.30
4.96
7.57
6.93
B
4
= 4 kg B/ha
11.72
20.61
23.10
5.35
7.90
7
.04
B
5
= 5 kg B/ha
11.36
20.05
22.22
4.50
6.11
6.23
B
6
= 6 kg B/ha
10.50
18.46
20.52
4.32
6.30
6.63
LSD a 5%
0.51
0.93
0.76
0.55
0.88
0.67
CV (%)
5.24
2.59
2.87
4.90
3.28
4.39
In a column, igu e(s) ha ing common le e (s) do no di e signi ican ly by DMRT a 5% le el.
B ead h o la ges lea
Applica ion o di e en le els o B caused signi ican
e ec s on he b ead h o lea es a di e en DAT
(Table 3). The highes b ead h o lea was ound by B
3
and he second highes in B
4
, and he minimum in
con ol. The esul s a e in pa ial ag eemen wi h
Alam (2007) in cabbage, Ahmmad e al. (2009) in
cauli lowe and Ahmmad (2009) in cabbage.
Leng h o s em
Signi ican e ec s o mic onu ien combina ion a e
obse ed on he leng h o cabbage. The esul s on
leng h o s em in luenced by B le els ha e been
p esen ed in Table 3. The s em leng h inc eases wi h
inc eases o B le els up o 4 kg/ha and dec eases
g adually. The maximum s em leng h was ound in B4
and he minimum in con ol in g ow h s ages.
66
Hasan e al.
In . J. Biosci.
2025
Table 4. E ec o B le els on g ow h and yield o cabbage a ha es .
T ea men s
Days o head
o ma ion
F esh weigh
o plan (g)
Diame e o
head (cm)
Thickness o
head (cm)
Ma ke able
head weigh (g)
Ma ke able head
yield ( /ha)
% Yield inc ea
se
o e con ol
B
0
= Con ol
59.30
1052
12.83
9.73
908
28.11
-
B
1
= 1 kg B/ha
54.75
1317
15.37
11.30
1123
38.60
37.32
B
2
= 2 kg B/ha
52.22
1420
17.90
11.70
1254
43.19
53.65
B
3
= 3 kg B/ha
49.50
1680
20.45
12.80
1465
47.33
68.37
B
4
= 4 kg B/ha
48.16
1737
19.83
12.43
1395
46.95
67.02
B
5
= 5 kg B/ha
48.36
1473
16.80
11.15
1163
42.12
49.84
B
6
= 6 kg B/ha
49.65
1290
14.03
10.93
1016
35.87
27.61
LSD a 5%
2.06
112
1.02
0.43
137
2.11
-
CV (%)
3.54
10.56
2.56
3.85
8.33
6.19
-
In a column, igu e(s) ha ing common le e (s) do no di e signi ican ly by DMRT a 5% le el.
Days o head o ma ion
The numbe o days equi ed o head o ma ion was
signi ican ly in luenced by he ea men s. The
numbe o days equi ed o head o ma ion anged
om 48.16 o 59.30 (Table 4). The maximum numbe
o days equi ed o head o ma ion (59.30 days) was
obse ed in con ol plo . The minimum days o
s a ed he head was (48.16 days) in B
4
ollowed by
B
5
. I is indica ed ha B is equi ed o ea ly head
o ma ion o lea olding o cabbage. The esul s a e
s ongly suppo ed by Alam (2006).
F esh weigh o plan
F esh weigh o plan along wi h oo was ound o be
a ec ed by B le els. The esh weigh o plan was
anges be ween 1052 g o 1737 g (Table 4). The
maximum esh weigh o plan was obse ed in he
plo ea ed wi h B
3
ollowed by B
4
bu bo h a e
s a ically simila . Howe e he minimum esh weigh
o plan was ound in con ol. The indings a e in
ag eemen wi h Alam (2007).
Diame e o head
The head diame e o cabbage signi ican ly a ec ed
due o he addi ion o inc easing a es o bo on
e ilize (Table 4). The head diame e anged om
12.83 o 20.45 cm. The maximum head diame e
(20.45 cm) was ound in B
3
bu B
3
is simila wi h B
4
(19.83 cm). Applica ion o abo e 3 kg B/ha dec eased
he head diame e o cabbage. The lowes head
diame e was also ound in con ol (B
0
). Alam (2007)
epo ed ha he maximum head diame e was
obse ed a 4 kg B/ha ollowed by 3 kg B/ha bu bo h
a e s a ically simila .
Table 5. E ec o B le els on g ow h and yield componen s o cauli lowe .
T ea men s
Plan sp ead
(cm)
Plan heigh
(cm)
La ges lea
leng h (cm)
La ges lea
b ead h (cm)
No. o lea es
/plan
B
0
= Con ol
52.40
42.23
40.43
18.70
16.93
B
1
= 1 kg B/ha
58.76
47.63
44.30
20.93
17.06
B
2
= 2 kg B/ha
61.66
49.40
46.23
22.33
19.36
B
3
= 3 kg B/ha
65.63
52.23
48.83
23.70
19.73
B
4
= 4 kg B/ha
64.53
53.46
49.13
22.93
20.80
B
5
= 5 kg B/ha
59.86
49.63
45.30
20.93
19.06
B
6
= 6 kg B/ha
57.56
47.40
42.23
19.33
18.36
LSD a 5%
3.05
3.11
2.83
1.96
2.06
CV (%)
7.18
3.12
5.43
5.53
4.84
In a column, igu es ha ing same le e (s) do no di e signi ican ly by DMRT a he 5 % le el.
67
Hasan e al.
In . J. Biosci.
2025
Thickness o head
The hickness o head was in luenced signi ican ly by
he applica ion o B le els (Table 4). The head
hickness anged om 9.73 o 12.80 cm. The highes
head hickness (12.80 cm) was eco ded in B
3
bu B
3
and B
4
a e s a is ically simila . The lowes head
hickness was also ound in con ol (B
0
). The head
hickness inc eased g adually up o 3 kg B/ha and
abo e his le el, i was dec eased g adually. The
esul s a e pa ially suppo ed by Alam (2007).
Table 6. E ec o B le els on g ow h and yield componen s o cauli lowe .
T ea men s
W . o l
ea es
(g)/plan
W . o cu d
(g)/plan
Diame e o
cu d (cm)
Heigh o
cu d (cm)
G oss yield
( /ha)
Cu d yield
( /ha)
% Yield inc ease o e con ol
B
0
= Con ol
328.33
617.83
15.66
12.83
46.47
22.36
-
B
1
= 1 kg B/ha
474.38
721.43
17.43
14.60
56.73
29.
80
33.27
B
2
= 2 kg B/ha
542.73
888.53
18.86
15.06
63.43
35.40
58.31
B
3
= 3 kg B/ha
619.51
965.53
21.23
17.05
67.50
38.20
70.84
B
4
= 4 kg B/ha
577.53
894.30
20.46
16.73
65.46
37.16
66.18
B
5
= 5 kg B/ha
482.36
686.85
19.90
15.39
58.43
32.66
46.04
B
6
= 6 kg B/ha
395.96
512.56
17.76
13.63
50.53
28.34
26.74
LSD a 5%
72.29
55.70
1.63
0.88
3.83
1.73
-
CV (%)
8.13
6.20
5.46
4.36
8.05
6.11
-
In a column, igu es ha ing same le e (s) do no di e signi ican ly by DMRT a he 5 % le el.
Head weigh
The head weigh was in luenced signi ican ly due o
he e ec s o bo on le els (Table 4). The head weigh
anged om 908 o1465 g. The highes head weigh
(1465 g) was ob ained by he applica ion o B
3
and he
second highes in B
4
(1395 g) ollowed by B
2
(1254 g)
bu hey a e s a is ically simila . The lowes head
weigh o cabbage was ound con ol plo . Applica ion
o abo e 3 kg B/ha g adually dec eased he head
weigh o cabbage. Simila ype o esul s was ound
by Alam (2007). He s a ed ha he highes head
weigh was ob ained by he applica ion o 4 kg B/ha,
ollowed by 3 kg B/ha bu hey a e s a is ically
simila .
Table 7. E ec o B le els on g ow h and yield componen s o ca o .
T ea men s
Plan heigh
(cm)
No. o lea es /
plan
W . o
shoo
(g)
Leng h o oo
(cm)
Diame e o
oo (cm)
W . o oo (g)
B
0
= Con ol
45.43
7.23
55.76
15.26
3.23
54.16
B
1
= 1 kg B/ha
49.23
7.86
58.26
17.70
3.96
62.66
B
2
= 2 kg B/ha
50.53
7.63
75.27
18.26
4.64
67.63
B
3
= 3 kg B/ha
51.46
8.83
75.83
19.10
4.85
68.30
B
4
= 4 kg B/ha
52.13
8.96
74.93
19.46
3.83
67.56
B
5
= 5 kg B/ha
48.23
8.15
63.76
16.30
3.70
59.30
B
6
= 6 kg B/ha
46.43
8.03
58.33
15.90
3.48
57.33
LSD a 5%
1.78
1.27
3.25
1.19
0.51
4.38
CV (%)
4.93
5.55
7.13
6.62
3.24
6.15
In a column, igu es ha ing same le e (s) do no di e signi ican ly by DMRT a he 5% le el.
Ma ke able head yield
Ma ke able head yield ( /ha) we e ond o be
signi ican ly in luenced by he applica ion o B le els.
The head yield anged om 28.11 o 47.33 ( /ha). The
maximum yield (47.33 /ha) was eco ded in he
ea men B
3
and i is simila wi h B
4
(46.95 /ha),
while he minimum yield (28.11 /ha) was obse ed in
T
1
(con ol). The head yield was g adually inc eased
wi h he inc ease o B le els up o 3 kg/ha and hen
dec eases. Applica ion o 1, 2 and 3 kg B/ha inc eased
68
Hasan e al.
In . J. Biosci.
2025
he head yield by 37.32, 53.65 and 68.37 %
espec i ely and maximum a 3 kg B/ha. The
equi emen s o B e ilize in ege ables a e gene ally
mo e han o he co ps. Rasp (1985) men ioned ha
he e ec o added ace elemen s in 12 yea s o c op
o a ion in which po a oes and ce eals we e g own in
al e na e yea s. I was ound ha only B ended o
inc ease po a o yield. Po e e al. (1986) epo ed
ha he band applica ion o B in a comple e e ilize
was he mos e icien echnique and he ube yield
was no a ec ed by applica ion o less han 2.2 kg
B/ha. They also showed ha plan s we e s un ed and
yields educed a applica ion o g a e han 4.5 kg B/
ha.
E ec o bo on le els on g ow h and yield o
cauli lowe in calca eous soil
Plan sp ead
The plan sp ead o cauli lowe was inc eased wi h
he inc eases o B le els up o 3 kg B/ha.
Table 8. E ec o B le els on g ow h and yield componen s o ca o .
T ea men
s
Shoo yield ( /ha)
Roo yield ( /ha)
% Yield inc ease o e con ol
B
0
= Con ol
13.18
20.26
-
B
1
= 1 kg B/ha
15.38
24.13
19.10
B
2
= 2 kg B/ha
18.56
28.48
40.47
B
3
= 3 kg B/ha
18.40
28.66
41.46
B
4
= 4 kg B/ha
17.85
27.31
34.79
B
5
= 5 kg
B/ha
16.21
25.63
26.50
B
6
= 6 kg B/ha
15.17
23.17
14.36
LSD a 5%
2.06
1.78
-
CV (%)
9.16
7.63
-
In a column, igu es ha ing same le e (s) do no di e signi ican ly by DMRT a he 5% le el.
The highes plan sp ead 65.63 cm was ound a 3 kg
B/ha and lowes in con ol. Bu he a e 3 and 4 kg a e
s a is ically simila .
Plan sp ead
The plan heigh o cauli lowe was inc eased wi h he
inc eases o B le els up o 4 kg B/ha. The highes
plan heigh was ound a 4 kg B/ha and lowes in
con ol.
Lea size
The la ges lea size like lea leng h and b ead h was
signi ican ly in luenced by B le els. The bigges lea
size was ound in B
4
and small size in con ol (B
0
).
Lea es pe plan
The numbe o lea es was inc eased g adually wi h B
le els and maximum a 4 kg B/ha.
Lea es weigh
The lea es weigh o cauli lowe was highes a 3 kg
B/ha and lowes in con ol o 6 kg B/ha. Da a showed
ha he ege a i e g ow h o cauli lowe was
maximum by he applica ion o 3-4 kg B/ha.
Cu d weigh
The edible cu d weigh pe plan was eco ded a
ha es . Applica ion o 3 kg B/ha ga e he maximum
cu d weigh pe plan and he lowes weigh in 6 kg
B/ha.
Cu d size
The cu d size was measu ed a ha es ing ime. The
bigges size o cu d was obse ed when 3 kg B/ha as
bo ic acid was applied and smalles in con ol plo .
G oss and cu d yield
G oss yield o cu d yield was measu ed in a uni plo
and con e ed o kg/ha. The yield was g adually
inc eased wi h he inc ease o B le els up o 3 kg/ha
and hen dec eases. Applica ion o 1, 2 and 3 kg B/ha
inc eased he cu d yield by 33.27, 58.31 and 70.84 %
espec i ely o e con ol (no B e ilize ). In able-6
showed ha cu d yields o cauli lowe we e
69
Hasan e al.
In . J. Biosci.
2025
signi ican ly educed wi hou B applica ion in
calca eous soils. The esul s a e in ag eemen wi h he
indings o Alam (2007). Alam e al (2010) showed
ha applica ion o 3 kg B/ha inc eased (27.74 %) he
bulb yield o onion o e con ol.
E ec o bo on le els on g ow h and yield o ca o
in calca eous soil
Plan heigh
Applica ion o B le els exhibi ed a signi ican
in luence on g ow h o plan heigh . The plan heigh
was inc eased g adually up o 4 kg B/ha and hen
dec eases g adually wi h B le els.
The maximum plan heigh (52.13 cm) was eco ded
a 4 kg B/ha ollowed by 3 kg B/ha (51.46 cm) bu
bo h a e s a is ically simila and lowes in con ol.
Lea es pe plan
Applica ion o 4 kg B/ha p oduced he maximum
numbe o lea es o ca o bu B le els 0, 1 and 2
kg/ha a e s a is ically apa .
Shoo weigh
Applica ion o 3 kg B/ha p oduced he maximum
weigh o shoo o ca o bu 2, 3 and 4 kg B/ha a e
s a is ically simila .
Roo leng h
The oo leng h was signi ican ly in luenced by B
le els. The maximum oo leng h was ound a 4 kg
B/ha bu 2, 3 and 4 kg B/ha is s a is ically a pa and
lowes in con ol.
Roo diame e
Maximum oo diame e o ca o was ound in 3 kg
B/ha bu 2 and 3 kg B/ha a e s a is ically simila and
lowes in 6 kg B/ha o con ol.
Roo weigh
Applica ion o B le els exhibi ed a signi ican
in luence on oo weigh o ca o . The maximum oo
weigh was ound a 3 kg B/ha bu 2, 3 and 4 kg B/ha
a e s a is ically simila and lowes in con ol.
Shoo yield
Applica ion o B inc eased he d y ma e con en in
ca o plan s. The esh shoo yield was signi ican ly
in luenced by he applica ion o di e en doses o B.
The maximum shoo yield 18.56 /ha was ob ained by
2 kg B/ha ollowed (18.40 /ha) by 3 kg B/ha bu bo h
a e s a is ically simila . The esul s a e is pa ial
ag eemen wi h he indings o Po e e al. (1986),
Alam (2006), Alam (2007) and Alam e al. (2010).
Table 9. E ec o B le els on g ow h and yield componen s o po a o.
T ea men s
Plan heigh
(cm)
No. o main
s em /hill
W . o haulm
(G/hill)
No. o
ube s/hill
Shoo yield
( /ha)
Tube yield
( /ha)
% Yield inc ease o e
con ol
B
0
= Con ol
39.96
2.90
43.00
6.13
3.33
19.33
-
B
1
= 1 kg B/ha
42.73
3.07
46.36
7.56
4.65
22.36
15.67
B
2
= 2 kg B/ha
44.83
3.46
49.33
8.46
4.93
24.33
25.86
B
3
= 3 kg B/ha
49.76
3.63
56.33
8.57
5.18
28.56
47.74
B
4
= 4 kg B/ha
50.66
3.66
57.96
8.69
5.33
29.19
51.00
B
5
= 5 kg B/ha
48.90
3.23
53.67
7.43
4.63
26.23
35.69
B
6
= 6 kg B/ha
46.33
2.83
45.33
7.19
3.36
24.46
26.56
LSD a 5%
1.18
0.21
2.35
0.51
0.36
1.72
-
CV (%)
6
.33
3.35
5.24
2.06
1.20
7.12
=
In a column, igu es ha ing same le e (s) do no di e signi ican ly by DMRT a he 5% le el.
Roo yield
Applica ion o di e en doses o B in luenced he
yield o ca o . The oo yield o ca o esponded
signi ican ly o added bo on up o 3.0 kg/ha, his dose
ga e an addi ional oo yield o 41.46 % o e con ol
and dec eased g adually wi h he inc eases o B le el
(>3.0 kg B/ha). The second highes bu s a is ically
simila oo yield was ound by he applica ion o 2.0
kg/ha. The lowes yield (20.26 /ha) was ound when
B was no applied. The inding a e s ongly suppo ed
by Ha iz Ak e e al. (2001) and P egno and A ou
(1992).
70
Hasan e al.
In . J. Biosci.
2025
Table 10. E ec o B le els on g ow h and yield componen s o adish.
T ea men s
Plan
heigh
(cm)
No. o
lea es/plan
Leng h o la ges
lea (cm)
B ead h o la ges
lea (cm)
Leng h o
oo (cm)
Diame e o
oo (cm)
B
0
= Con ol
39.16
16.23
36.65
9.36
23.56
9.26
B
1
= 1 kg B/ha
44.63
19.09
38.25
10.46
26.52
10.61
B
2
= 2 kg B/ha
48.
25
23.36
41.33
10.97
28.87
11.27
B
3
= 3 kg B/ha
51.23
23.63
42.43
11.39
30.61
12.53
B
4
= 4 kg B/ha
51.46
24.13
42.14
11.33
29.40
13.02
B
5
= 5 kg B/ha
49.86
23.04
40.06
9.88
27.93
12.17
B
6
= 6 kg B/ha
46.51
22.75
38.11
9.23
26.11
11.64
LSD a 5
%
2.03
1.34
0.92
0.40
1.31
0.67
CV (%)
6.75
5.37
8.34
1.39
6.16
4.35
In a column, igu es ha ing same le e (s) do no di e signi ican ly by DMRT a he 5% le el.
The esul s sugges ed ha 2-3 kg B/ha (as bo ic acid)
a e applicable o ca o cul i a ion in calca eous o
any upland soils o Bangladesh.
E ec o bo on le els on g ow h and yield o po a o
in ba ind soil
Plan heigh
The plan heigh o po a o esponded signi ican ly
wi h B le els. The highes plan heigh was eco ded
a 4 kg B/ha bu 3 and 4 kg B/ha showed s a is ically
simila plan heigh .
Main s em pe hill
The maximum and simila plan heigh was ound by
1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 kg B/ha. Applica ion o 5 kg B/ha
dec eased he plan han con ol.
Weigh o haulm
The maximum weigh o haulm pe hill o po a o by 4
kg B/ha bu 3 and 4 kg B/ha a e s a is ically simila .
Tube s pe hill
The numbe o ube s pe hill in luenced signi ican ly
by B le els. I is maximum in 3 Kg B/ha and he
lowes in con ol.
Shoo yield
The shoo yield was inc eased up o 4 kg B/ha and
hen dec eases g adually wi h B a e. Applica ion o 5
kg B/ha signi ican ly dec eased he shoo yield han 4
kg B/ha. I indica es he s un ed g ow h o oxici y o
po a o plan s.
Tube yield
Applica ion o B le els exhibi ed a signi ican
in luence on ube yield o po a o. The maximum
ube yield (29.19 /ha) was obse ed by 4 kg B/ha
ollowed by 3 kg B/ha bu bo h a e s a is ically
simila .
This esul is di ec ly suppo ed by Alam (2007).
Applica ion o 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 kg B/ha inc eased he
ube yield by 15.67, 25.86, 47.74, 51.00, 35.69 and
26.56 % espec i ely han con ol.
E ec o bo on le els on g ow h and yield o adish
in ba ind soil
Plan heigh
The plan heigh was signi ican ly in luenced o B
le els. Applica ion o B inc eased he plan heigh and
maximum (51.46 cm) a 4 kg B/ha ollowed by 3 kg
B/ha (51.23 cm) bo h a e s a is ically simila .
Lea es pe plan
The numbe o lea es was inc eased by applica ion o
B e ilize . The highes numbe (24.13) o lea es o
adish was ound a 4 kg B/ha bu he a e 2-5 kg/ha
esponded simila numbe o lea es. The lowes
numbe o lea es was ound in con ol.
Lea size
The lea a ea was measu ed a ha es ing ime. The
la ges lea size like lea leng h and b ead h was
in luenced signi ican ly by B le els. The bigges
lea size was ound a 3 kg B/ha
.
