D2.5 - Roadmap for BBTs implementation

Deli e able 2.5
1
Views and opinions exp essed a e hose o he au ho (s) only and do no necessa ily e lec hose o
he Eu opean Union o he Eu opean Resea ch Execu i e Agency (REA). Nei he he Eu opean Union
no he g an ing au ho i y can be held esponsible o hem.
© 2025 by BBioNe s conso ium is licensed
unde CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 To iew a copy o his license, isi
h ps://c ea i ecommons.o g/licenses/by-nc/4.0.
-
Robe o Caglie o, Lau a Mi a, F ancesco Basse ,
F ancesca Moino, Pa izia Bo so o
CREA
Ap il 2025
Roadmap o BBTs implemen a ion
DELIVERABLE D2.5
Deli e able 2.5
2
Views and opinions exp essed a e hose o he au ho (s) only and do no necessa ily e lec hose o
he Eu opean Union o he Eu opean Resea ch Execu i e Agency (REA). Nei he he Eu opean Union
no he g an ing au ho i y can be held esponsible o hem.
© 2025 by BBioNe s conso ium is licensed
unde CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 To iew a copy o his license, isi
h ps://c ea i ecommons.o g/licenses/by-nc/4.0.
Documen in o ma ion
Documen ID D2.5
Ti le Roadmap o BBTs implemen a ion
Wo k Package WP2 –Bio-Based Technologies and egional dynamics
Due Da e 30/04/2024 Deli e y Da e 28/04/2025
Dissemina ion Le el PU- ully open
Pa ne Responsible CREA
Main Au ho s Robe o Caglie o, Lau a Mi a, F ancesco Basse ,
F ancesca Moino,
Pa izia Bo so o (CREA)
Con ibu o s -
Pee e iewe s
Re iewe 1 Dimi ios Mous akis – AFS
Re iewe 2 Małgo za a Wyd a – IUNG
Coo dina o Ca men Gi ón Domínguez - MTU
Documen his o y
Ve sion Da e Main Modi ica ions Au ho (s)
0.1 14/03/2025 21/03/2025 Robe o Caglie o, Lau a Mi a,
F ancesco Basse , F ancesca Moino,
Pa izia Bo so o (CREA)
0.2 24/03/2025 28/03/2025 MTU, IUNG, HUB-CR, Teagasc, CREA,
CTA, AFS, TEPRO
1.0 28/04/2025 Final e sion eady o
submission
Robe o Caglie o, Lau a Mi a,
F ancesco Basse , F ancesca Moino,
Pa izia Bo so o (CREA)
Deli e able 2.5
3
Table o Con en s
1 In oduc ion ............................................................................................ 8
2 Me hodology ........................................................................................... 9
2.1 The oad a elled ................................................................................................... 9
2.1.1 Bio-Based Technology In en o y ................................................................................ 9
2.1.2 BBTs Assessmen Tool ............................................................................................... 10
2.1.3 Regional Dynamics ................................................................................................... 11
2.2 The oad o be aken ............................................................................................. 12
2.2.1 Lis o mos sui able BBTs ......................................................................................... 13
2.2.2 Benchma king phase ................................................................................................ 13
2.2.3 De ine he egional BBT iden i y ca d ....................................................................... 14
2.2.4 Towa ds he iden i ica ion o he i s 5 BBTs .......................................................... 16
3 – Assessmen esul s by he I alian egion ............................................. 18
3.1 Desc ip ion o he Top 20 BBTs o he I alian egion ............................................ 18
3.2 Benchma king wi h o he coun ies ...................................................................... 19
3.3 De ine he egional BBT iden i y ca d .................................................................... 20
3.4 Towa ds he iden i ica ion o he i s 5 BBTs ........................................................ 22
4 – Assessmen esul s by he I ish egion ................................................ 26
4.1 Desc ip ion o he Top 20 BBTs o he I ish egion ............................................... 26
4.2 Benchma king wi h o he coun ies ...................................................................... 27
4.3 De ine he egional BBT iden i y ca d .................................................................... 29
4.4 Towa ds he iden i ica ion o he i s 5 BBTs ........................................................ 30
5 – Assessmen esul s by he Spanish egion ........................................... 36
5.1 Desc ip ion o he Top 20 BBTs o he Spanish egion .......................................... 36
5.2 Benchma king wi h o he coun ies ...................................................................... 37
5.3 De ine he egional BBT iden i y ca d .................................................................... 39
5.4 Towa ds he iden i ica ion o he i s 5 BBTs ........................................................ 41
6 – Assessmen esul s by he Polish Region ............................................. 45
6.1 Desc ip ion o he Top 20 BBTs o he Polish Region ............................................ 45
6.2 Benchma king wi h o he coun ies ...................................................................... 46
6.3 De ine he egional BBT iden i y ca d .................................................................... 48
6.4 Towa ds he iden i ica ion o he i s 5 BBTs ........................................................ 49
7 – Assessmen esul s by he G eek egion .............................................. 54
7.1 Desc ip ion o he Top 20 BBTs o he G eek egion ............................................ 54
7.2 Benchma king wi h o he coun ies ...................................................................... 55
7.3 De ine he egional BBT iden i y ca d .................................................................... 57
7.4 Towa ds he iden i ica ion o he i s 5 BBTs ........................................................ 58
Deli e able 2.5
4
8 – Assessmen esul s by he Czech Republic egion ................................ 63
8.1 Desc ip ion o he Top 20 BBTs o he Czech Republic egion .............................. 63
8.2 Benchma king wi h o he coun ies ...................................................................... 64
8.3 De ine he egional BBT iden i y ca d .................................................................... 66
8.4 Towa ds he iden i ica ion o he i s 5 BBTs ........................................................ 68
9 Re e ences ............................................................................................ 72
Appendix 1 BBTs Pi o analysis scheme ........................................................ 73
I aly ......................................... 73
I eland ........................................................................................................................... 77
Spain ............................................................................................................................. 81
Poland ........................................................................................................................... 85
G eece ........................................................................................................................... 89
Czech Republic .............................................................................................................. 93
Annex 1 Vademecum Ques ionnai e ............................................................. 98
Lis o Figu es
Figu e 1:.Example o oadmap. ............................................................................................................... 8
Figu e 2: Cos -Sus ainabili y-E ec i eness 3-D plo in e p e a ion (assessmen cha ). ..................... 11
Figu e 3. Cos -Sus ainabili y-E ec i eness sus ainabili y in e p e a ion on one o he sides o he 2-D
g aph. .................................................................................................................................................... 11
Figu e 4: Regional Dynamics ................................................................................................................. 12
Figu e 5: The egional snake pa hs. ....................................................................................................... 14
Figu e 6: Boxplo ep esen a ion. ......................................................................................................... 14
Figu e 7: Techno- e i o ial syne gy ma ix (TTS). ................................................................................ 17
Figu e 8: Snake pa hs om all ep esen ed egions (I aly in ames). .................................................. 20
Figu e 9: Cos -Sus ainabili y-E ec i eness plo -box in e p e a ion .................................................... 21
Figu e 10: Pai ing BBTs and Dynamic ma ix in a Sankey cha ep esen a ion ................................... 23
Figu e 11: The I alian TTS ma ix ........................................................................................................... 24
Figu e 12: The Snake pa hs om all ep esen ed egions (I eland in ames) ...................................... 28
Figu e 13: Cos -Sus ainabili y-E ec i eness plo -box in e p e a ion .................................................. 29
Figu e 14: Pai ing BBTs and Dynamic ma ix in a Sankey cha ep esen a ion ................................... 32
Figu e 15: The I ish TTS ma ix .............................................................................................................. 32
Figu e 16: The Snake pa hs om all ep esen ed egions (Spain in ames). ....................................... 38
Figu e 17: Cos -Sus ainabili y-E ec i eness plo -box in e p e a ion .................................................. 39
Figu e 18: Pai ing BBTs and Dynamic ma ix in a Sankey cha ep esen a ion ................................... 42
Figu e 19: The Spanish TTS ma ix ........................................................................................................ 42
Figu e 20: The snake pa hs om all ep esen ed egions (Poland in ames). ..................................... 47
Figu e 21: Cos -Sus ainabili y-E ec i eness plo -box in e p e a ion .................................................. 48
Figu e 22: Pai ing BBTs and Dynamic ma ix in a Sankey cha ep esen a ion ................................... 51
Figu e 23: The Polish TTS ma ix ........................................................................................................... 51
Figu e 24: Snake pa hs om all ep esen ed egions (G eece in ame). ............................................. 56
Figu e 25: Cos -Sus ainabili y-E ec i eness plo -box in e p e a ion .................................................. 57
Figu e 26: Pai ing BBTs and Dynamic ma ix in a Sankey cha ep esen a ion ................................... 60
Deli e able 2.5
5
Figu e 27: The G eek TTS ma ix ........................................................................................................... 60
Figu e 28: The snake pa hs om all ep esen ed egions ( he Czech Republic in ame). ................... 65
Figu e 29: Cos -Sus ainabili y-E ec i eness plo -box in e p e a ion .................................................. 66
Figu e 30: Pai ing BBTs and Dynamic ma ix in a Sankey cha ep esen a ion ................................... 69
Figu e 31: The Czech TTS ma ix ........................................................................................................... 69
Lis o Tables
Table 1: Example o Co-occu ence able. ............................................................................................. 13
Table 2: Example o SWA ma ix ........................................................................................................... 16
Table 3: Lis o he op 20 BBTs. o he I alian egion .......................................................................... 18
Table 4: Co-occu ence able o he I alian egion .............................................................................. 19
Table 5: I alian SWA ma ix ................................................................................................................... 22
Table 6: I alian DYN ma ix .................................................................................................................... 23
Table 7: I alian 5 bes BBTs ................................................................................................................... 24
Table 8: Lis o he op 20 BBTs o he I ish egion. ............................................................................. 26
Table 9: Co-occu ence able o he I ish egion. ................................................................................ 27
Table 10: I ish SWA ma ix .................................................................................................................... 30
Table 11: I ish DYN ma ix ..................................................................................................................... 31
Table 12: I ish 5 bes BBTs ..................................................................................................................... 33
Table 13: Lis o he op 20 BBTs o he Spanish egion ...................................................................... 36
Table 14: Co-occu ence able o he Spanish egion. ......................................................................... 37
Table 15: Spanish SWA ma ix ............................................................................................................... 40
Table 16: Spanish DYN ma ix ............................................................................................................... 41
Table 17: Spanish 5 bes BBTs ............................................................................................................... 43
Table 18: Lis o he op 20 BBTs o he Polish egion. ........................................................................ 45
Table 19: Co-occu ence able. ............................................................................................................. 46
Table 20: Polish SWA ma ix ................................................................................................................. 49
Table 21: Polish DYN ma ix .................................................................................................................. 50
Table 22: Polish 5 bes BBTs .................................................................................................................. 52
Table 23: Lis o he op 20 BBTs o he G eek egion ......................................................................... 54
Table 24: Co-occu ence able o he G eek egion. ............................................................................ 55
Table 25: G eek SWA ma ix ................................................................................................................. 58
Table 26: G eek DYN ma ix .................................................................................................................. 59
Table 27: G eek 5 bes BBTs .................................................................................................................. 61
Table 28: Lis o he op 20 BBTs. .......................................................................................................... 63
Table 29: Co-occu ence able o Czech Republic egion. ................................................................... 64
Table 30: Czech SWA ma ix .................................................................................................................. 67
Table 31: Czech DYN ma ix .................................................................................................................. 68
Table 32: Czech 5 bes BBTs .................................................................................................................. 70

Deli e able 2.5
6
Table o Abb e ia ions
Abb e ia ion Desc ip ion
BBT Bio-Based Technology
CAP Common Ag icul u al Policy
COST_adj Cos adjus ed
CZ Czech Republic
D Deli e able
DYN Regional dynamics ma ix
EFF_adj E ec i eness adjus ed
EL G eece
ES Spain
EU Eu opean Union
FA Focus A ea
FAN Fo es and Ag icul u e Ne wo ks
IE I eland
IT I aly
OG Ope a ional G oups
PL Poland
R&D Resea ch and De elopmen
RPFA Regional Pa ne s o Fo es y and Ag icul u e
RR Rep esen ed Region
SUST_adj Sus ainabili y adjus ed
SWA Empi ical e idence ma ix
TTS Techno- e i o ial syne gy ma ix
WP Wo k Package
Deli e able 2.5
7
Execu i e Summa y
This documen , i led " Roadmap o BBTs implemen a ion", ou lines he oadmap ha each Regional
Pa ne o Fo es y and Ag icul u e (RPFA) ollowed o de ine a lis o Bio-Based Technologies (BBTs)
and iden i y he mos sui able ones.
Based on ac i i ies T1.2 (Co-c ea ion on egional needs and challenges ega ding OG-iden i ied/locally
applied BBTs), T2.1 (BBioNe s in en o y and knowledge collec ion), T2.2 (BBT assessmen ool) and
T2.3 (High-le el s udy o egional dynamics), CREA guided he RPFA o adap he BBTs in o simpli ied
and syn he ic g oups o a iables, depending on whe he hey measu e he e ec i eness, cos o
sus ainabili y o he BBT. Conside ing he iden i ied needs and a ailable Rep esen ed Region (RR)
esou ces ( echnical, en i onmen al, economic and social aspec s), he ‘RR-speci ic’ scena ios (lis s o
BBTs bes sui ed o RR) we e sha ed wi h he espec i e Fo es and Ag icul u e Ne wo k (FAN) o
alida ion (T1.3 Valida ion and p io i iza ion o BBTs pe egion), a e weigh ing he adap ed a iables.
A e de ining ‘RR-speci ic’ scena ios and e-calib a ing he assessmen ool, he lis was d awn up o
p epa e i s ‘Roadmap o BBT implemen a ion’ (D2.5, M15).
The p ima y objec i e o his Task has been he e o e o de ine a lis o possible BBTs ha can be
implemen ed in each FAN and in he ligh o he s udy o egional dynamics, iden i ying he 5 mos
sui able ones.
Deli e able 2.5
8
1 In oduc ion
The documen on he implemen a ion o he BBT oadmap p o ides an o e iew o he me hodology
o iden i y and implemen he bes sui able Bio-Based Technologies (BBTs) in he In en o y o he
egion.
The Roadmap o BBTs implemen a ion is p esen ed in he con ex o he p ojec , i in e ac s wi h
o he asks such as he BBioNe s knowledge in en o y (T2.1), he BBT assessmen ool (T2.2), he high-
le el s udy on egional dynamics (T2.3), he wo kshops held o iden i y egional needs and challenges
(T1.2), and o he alida ion and p io i isa ion o BBTs (T1.3).
This epo comp ises h ee chap e s along wi h e e ences and is o ganised as ollows:
Chap e 1: In oduc ion which desc ibes issues conce ning deli e able scope, objec i es, i s unc ion
in he p ojec , and i b ie ly p esen s he s uc u e o deli e able.
Chap e 2: Me hodological chap e common o all 6 oadmaps, which illus a es bo h he oad al eady
a elled and he oad o be aken. In pa icula , he oad a elled is a c i ical summa y o he
in en o y and assessmen cha , o help he eade unde s and he pa abou he oad ahead.
Chap e s 3,4,5,6,7,8: The esul chap e s p esen he assessmen by each egion (I aly, I eland, Spain,
Poland, G eece, he Czech Republic), which aims o demons a e he ac ual oadmap o implemen ing
BBTs conside ing he coun y's own cha ac e is ics in e ms o biomass a ailabili y, amewo k,
suppo unds, esea ch and de elopmen . Each chap e concludes wi h he iden i ica ion o he i e
mos sui able BBTs o each egion.
The deli e able also includes, as an Appendix, he able o he in en o y pi o analysis esul s.
Figu e 1:.Example o oadmap.
Deli e able 2.5
9
2 Me hodology
2.1 The oad a elled
In his pa , he BBTs In en o y, o p o ide easy access o in o ma ion abou BBTs om he Ope a ional
G oups (OGs) o he EIP- AGRI and EU- unded p ojec s & ini ia i es, and he BBT Assessmen Tool o
o e sus ainable al e na i es o a me s and o es e s a e b ie ly p esen ed. Addi ionally, in a hi d
pa , we also p esen he p ocess o d awing he egional dynamics ela ed o local biomass and
bioindus y i ems.
2.1.1 Bio-Based Technology In en o y
The cons uc ion o he in en o y o BBTs is based on a s uc u ed amewo k ha enables he
sys ema ic and cohe en collec ion, analysis, and o ganiza ion o in o ma ion ela ed o BBTs (D2.1
Me hodological amewo k o knowledge compila ion). This in en o y is s uc u ed a ound six main
dimensions, each comp ising speci ic a iables o ensu e a comp ehensi e and de ailed
ep esen a ion. The six dimensions a e desc ibed below:
1. OG / P ojec A ibu es: This dimension ga he s in o ma ion ela ed o he gene al
o ganiza ion o p ojec ha de elops o u ilizes bio-based echnologies. Va iables include de ails such
as he p ojec /o ganiza ion name, geog aphical loca ion, sec o al con ex , and main objec i es.
2. BBTs A ibu es: This dimension documen s he speci ic cha ac e is ics o he BBTs. Va iables
may include he ype o echnology, i s le el o inno a ion, aw ma e ials used, and de elopmen s a us
(e.g., concep , p o o ype, la ge-scale implemen a ion).
3. BBTs Ca ego iza ion: This dimension ocuses on he classi ica ion o BBTs. Va iables include
ca ego iza ion by applica ion ype (e.g., ene gy, ma e ials, chemicals), he indus ial sec o in ol ed,
and he en i onmen al bene i s expec ed compa ed o adi ional al e na i es.
4. BBTs Implemen a ion: This dimension desc ibes he implemen a ion modali ies o BBTs.
Va iables may conce n he le el o adop ion (pilo , egional, na ional), he complexi y o
implemen a ion, and he main echnical, logis ical, o egula o y challenges aced.
5. BBTs Expec ed E ec s: This dimension ocuses on he expec ed e ec s esul ing om he use
o bio-based echnologies. Va iables include en i onmen al bene i s (e.g., CO₂ emission educ ion),
social bene i s (e.g., c ea ion o g een jobs), and economic bene i s (e.g., g ow h o he bioeconomy
sec o ).
6. BBTs Cos s: The inal dimension add esses he cos s associa ed wi h BBTs. Va iables include
ini ial in es men cos s, ope a ional and main enance cos s, as well as long- e m economic
implica ions.
Da a collec ion o he in en o y was conduc ed using 3 main app oaches:
1. Re iew o Na ional and Eu opean Da abases: Each pa ne coun y conduc ed an in-dep h e iew
o exis ing na ional and Eu opean da abases con aining ele an in o ma ion on bio-based
echnologies, p ojec s, and s akeholde s. This p ocess ensu ed he collec ion o s uc u ed and
eliable da a.
Deli e able 2.5
16
Table 2: Example o SWA ma ix
2.2.4 Towa ds he iden i ica ion o he i s 5 BBTs
This is he las s ep o iden i y he i e main BBTs. To do his, i is necessa y o look a he cha ac e is ics
o he egion and c oss- e e ences hem wi h he iden i y ca d o he mos sui able BBT o he egion.
2.2.4.1
Regional dynamic ma ix unde common amewo k
The ma ix o egional dynamics (DYN) is c ea ed om he da a collec ed in Task 2.3 h ough a synop ic
eading and i is di ided in o mac o-g oups:
• Biomass and echnology: This g oup co e s he physical cha ac e is ics o he land whe e
biomass esou ces a e ound, including e ain, opog aphy, and na u al esou ces. I
desc ibes he biomass p oduc s ha a e p oduced o de i ed om he e i o y, including
bio uels, biogas, o o he bio-based ma e ial, as well as hose om o es s, including wood,
lea es, o o he ma e ials ha can be used o biomass, and also om ag oindus y ha
can con e aw biomass in o usable p oduc s like bio uels, bioplas ics, e c. I also
desc ibes he abundance o a ailabili y o biomass esou ces in he a ea and how biomass
esou ces a e ha es ed, anspo ed, and managed o p ocessing and use. Addi ionally,
he economic aspec s a e explo ed, ocusing on demand, p ices, and comme cializa ion o
biomass p oduc s.
• Regula o y amewo k: This g oup ou lines go e nmen al s a egies o na ional p og ams
aimed a suppo ing biomass de elopmen and echnology.
S ong Fac o Weak Fac o Ambiguous Fac o
Re e ence sec o
Funding
Pa ne (n°)
Type pa ne
Focus a ea
S a us
Geog aphical scale
Key wo ds
BBT ca ego ies
Feeds ock
Ou come
TRL
Mobili y
A ailabili y
C sink
Condi ions
Complexi y
Sus eco
Sus socio
Sus en i
Value added

Deli e able 2.5
17
• Suppo and inancial policy: Financial o policy suppo om go e nmen en i ies,
including g an s, subsidies, o incen i es as well as p i a e companies, in es o s, o public-
p i a e pa ne ships.
• Resea ch and de elopmen : This g oup e e s o he esea ch and de elopmen
in as uc u e in place o inno a e and imp o e biomass echnologies and speci ically
ocuses on esea ch and de elopmen aimed a inc easing he alue o e iciency o
biomass esou ces.
2.2.4.2
Techno-Te i o ial Syne gy ma ix
We c oss- e e enced he esul s o egional dynamics wi h he ma ix o empi ical e idence (SWA)
con aining he ac o s cha ac e izing he mos sui able BBT. This p ocess aimed o iden i y o he bes
BBT p o o ype in ela ion o he e i o y.
The aim o his las phase is he e o e o de ine how he cha ac e is ics o indi idual BBTs can be
assessed in each egion. To do his, we ha e cons uc ed a ma ix o coe icien s highligh ing he
po en ial syne gy be ween BBT ac o s and he speci ic condi ions on he e i o y. We called his
ma ix he echno- e i o ial syne gy ma ix (TTS).
Since i is nei he easible no logical o co ela e all BBT ac o s wi h e e y dimension o he e i o ial
analysis, only he cells wi h conc e e c oss- e e ences a e highligh ed in colou in he able below.
Figu e 7: Techno- e i o ial syne gy ma ix (TTS).
Based on he da a in he SWA, coe icien s a e en e ed in he colou ed c oss cell wi h DYN (Figu e 7);
he p oposed coe icien s a y om one ( e y low) o ou ( e y high), depending on he ele ance o
he ac o o he e i o y.
A TSS ma ix is hen p epa ed o each BBT. To do his, he alue ound in he in en o y o each ac o
o a BBT is mul iplied by he co esponding coe icien o he TTS ma ix.
The alue o he BBT ac o s can be ea ed in wo ways: bina y alue (yes/no) and nume ic alue in
ela ion o he coding al eady en e ed in he In en o y (e.g., in he In en o y he sus ainabili y
dimension is coded as ollows: 1 le el low - 3 le el high). I an i em has no ele ance o he e i o y,
o a clea assessmen canno be gi en, o he da a has no been collec ed, he cell is es ima ed blank.
In his ligh , some dimensions o he SWA (such as Condi ions o Numbe o pa ne s) we e excluded
om he TTS Ma ix. Simila ly, some ac o s de i ed om he Dynamics, such as clima e, we e also
omi ed.
Once each BTT is assessed o i s syne gy wi h he speci ic e i o y and an o e all BBT alue is
de e mined, we can conduc he inal e alua ion and ex ac he 5 bes BBTs.
Geog aphical
scope
Ag icul u e Fo es y P ima y sec o
Ag oindus ial
sec o
Managemen
and logis ics
Bio-based
indus y
Bio-p oduc s
ma ke
P og ammes Public suppo
P i a e
Suppo
R&D sys em
Re e ence sec o
Funding
Type pa ne
Focus a ea
Geog aphical scale
BBT ca ego ies
Feeds ock
Ou come
TRL
Mobili y
A ailabili y
C sink
Sus eco
Sus socio
Sus en i
Value added
Deli e able 2.5
18
3 – Assessmen esul s by he I alian egion
3.1 Desc ip ion o he Top 20 BBTs o he I alian egion
The Assessmen Tool made i possible o iden i y a anking o BBTs o each egion. The ollowing able
p esen s he I alian op 20 BBTs by anking. In pa icula , he ollowing able p o ides he ou lines o
a ious p ojec s and ini ia i es ela ed o sus ainable ag icul u al p ac ices and he u iliza ion o by-
p oduc s and esidues om a ming and o es y.
Table 3: Lis o he op 20 BBTs. o he I alian egion
Code BBTs Desc ip ion BBTs
IT53-P oBEST/BARK Ag onomic use o ba k and emnan s
DE22-MixBioPells/PLTIZ Pelle izing mixed biomass esidues and was e om ag icul u e and o es y
EL80-OLIHERB/OLIVE Exploi a ion o oli e lea es ( ich in polyphenols and o he bioac i e ing edien s) o p oduce he bal
in usions and na u al ood addi i es
EL87-Inno a i e Rice Residue
Managemen P ac ices/RICE
Rice esidues e u ning o he soil as e ilise s
IT36-S abilized Li e /S bMn Dai y cows' manu e is p ocessed in a o a ing d um sepa a o wi h inc eased empe a u e o educe
he pa hogens and he esul ing solid ac ion manu e is used as cow bedding
ES66-OleoValo iza/OLIVE Reco e y o sludge om oli e-mill ponds h ough a compos ing p ocess.
EL88-ΕΛΑΙΩΝΑΣ/OLFER U ilisa ion o oli e esidues o he p oduc ion o compos and biocha
IT54-P oBEST/ASHES Ag onomic use o ashes
AT42-Closing cycles/NTREC Use o a ming esidues and was e o p oduce compos o e ilise
ES63-BIOSUERO/WHEY Use o whey as a bio e ilise .
ES67-OleoValo iza/OLIV2 Use o oli e ees esidues o p oduce compos
ES59-AGUACAVALUE/BYPRO Use o a ocado by-p oduc s in animal nu i ion
EL78-HIPO-ENERGY/NUTRI U ilisa ion o he lea es o he Hippophae plan o he p oduc ion o high nu i ion addi i es o so
d inks
EL84-
AGROSCHOOLBUS.BIO/RESOL
Reco e y o he nu ien s con ained in he esidues (b anches, lea es) o oli e ees (and o he
p oduc i e ees) h ough compos ing
EL79-ΑΕΙΦΟΡΙΚΑ
ΚΗΠΕΥΤΙΚΑ/OREG
Inco po a ion o non-comme cial o egano in o (g eenhouse/ou doo ) ege able c ops o he
p o ec ion agains soil ungi
DE23-MixBioPells/PLTHP Pelle ized mixed biomass is used in CHP plan s o gene a e hea and elec ici y
ES60-AGUACAVALUE/AVOCA Use o a ocado by-p oduc s in animal nu i ion, cosmeceu icals.
ES58-Ag iCa bón/AC P oduc ion o ac i a ed ca bon using ag icul u al was e.
EL5-BIO2CHP/B2CHP BIO2CHP is a con aine -sized powe gene a o ha con e s solid o ganic esidues in o ene gy on-si e.
Sou ce: BBioNe s BioBased Technology In en o y (Ope a ional G oups In en o y - BBioNe s Pla o m)
Deli e able 2.5
19
3.2 Benchma king wi h o he coun ies
In his s ep, he aim is o analyse he op 20 BBTs mac o-cha ac e isa ions unde he egional ligh ,
using compa ison o he o he egions.
3.2.1.1
Co-occu ence analysis
The co-occu ence ma ix is used o analyse he simul aneous p esence o wo o mo e BBTs in
di e en Regions, se ing he I alian egion as a pi o , h ough he ep esen a ion o a bina y ma ix.
Table 4: Co-occu ence able o he I alian egion
I aly shows signi ican co-occu ence wi h Spain and G eece wi h mul iple BBTs being implemen ed
also in hese coun ies, while he ela ionships wi h I eland and Poland poin ou a lowe ele ance.
I aly has no occu ence wi h he Czech Republic.
EL84-AGROSCHOOLBUS.BIO/RESOL BBT is he only BBT ha appea s in i e coun ies; wo BBTs (EL80-
OLIHERB/OLIVE; EL5-BIO2CHP/B2CHP) a e p esen in ou coun ies, sugges ing a s ong in e es in
bioene gy. Fi e BBTs ha e only been chosen by I aly.
Only 3 BBTs (IT53-P oBEST/BARK; IT36-S abilized Li e /S bMn; IT54-P oBEST/ASHES) come om I aly;
in ela ion o he o he 17, he majo i y a e om Medi e anean a ea and 3 o hem om Con inen al
A ea.
3.2.1.2
Dis ibu ion o he op 20 BBTs
The ollowing igu e p esen s he so called “snake” composed by he Top 20 BBTs in I aly in compa ison
o he o he 6 egions. In he I alian case, he e iciency dimension seems e y ele an , wi h he
“snake” lying on he x-axis. P ac ically all o BBTs ha e a posi i e cos es ima e (cos sa ings a ea),
while he dimension o sus ainabili y seems e y a iable. All BBTs a e clus e ed and close oge he .
Mo eo e , we can highligh no only he key cha ac e is ics o he op BBTs in ela ion o he h ee
main dimensions bu also how hey a e dis ibu ed ac oss he ou quad an s o he Ca esian g aph.
BBT codes Code IT IE ES PL EL CZ TOT
IT53-P oBEST/BARK IT53 1 1 2
DE22-MixBioPells/PLTIZ DE22 11
EL80-OLIHERB/OLIVE EL80 1 1 1 1 4
EL87-Inno a i e Rice Residue Managemen
P ac ices/RICE
EL87 111 3
IT36-S abilized Li e /S bMn IT36 1 1 1 3
ES66-OleoValo iza/OLIVE ES66 111 3
EL88-ΕΛΑΙΩΝΑΣ/OLFER EL88 111 3
IT54-P oBEST/ASHES IT54 11
AT42-Closing cycles/NTREC AT42 11
ES63-BIOSUERO/WHEY ES63 111 3
ES67-OleoValo iza/OLIV2 ES67 111 3
ES59-AGUACAVALUE/BYPRO ES59 1 1 1 3
EL78-HIPO-ENERGY/NUTRI EL78 1 1 2
EL84-AGROSCHOOLBUS.BIO/RESOL EL84 11111 5
EL79-ΑΕΙΦΟΡΙΚΑ ΚΗΠΕΥΤΙΚΑ/OREG EL79 11
DE23-MixBioPells/PLTHP DE23
11
ES60-AGUACAVALUE/AVOCA ES60
1 1 1 3
ES58-Ag iCa bón/AC ES58
111 3
EL5-BIO2CHP/B2CHP EL5
1111 4
ES65-BIORUMIOLI/FEED ES65
111 3
Deli e able 2.5
20
Keeping in mind he in e p e a ion amewo k p oposed in he Assessmen Tool, in he I alian cha
shows mos o he poin s in he ou h quad an (low cos and high e icacy) wi h a dis ibu ion along
he e icacy alues, while hey seem mo e g ouped in ela ion o cos . Few BBTs ind placemen in he
hi d quad an and none in he o he wo quad an s.
Figu e 8: Snake pa hs om all ep esen ed egions (I aly in ames).
3.3 De ine he egional BBT iden i y ca d
3.3.1.1
Iden i ica ion o he key ac o s o BBTs - Plo box ep esen a ion
The ollowing igu e e e s o a plo box g aph ha p esen s he dis ibu ion o he h ee a iables
b ough back o a common ange o a iabili y (adjus ed), i.e. e iciency, cos , sus ainabili y, o he
o al 113 BBTs p esen ed in he In en o y, acco ding o he I alian anking (Assessmen Tool). F om
he cha we can highligh :
Deli e able 2.5
21
• EFF_adj and COST_adj ha e a na owe IQR, meaning lowe abili y o di e en ia e be ween
da a poin s.
• Sus _adj has he wides IQR, indica ing g ea e da a sp ead and lowe selec i i y.
• EFF_adj and COST_adj a e he mos selec i e, while Sus _adj is he leas selec i e.
• EFF_adj and COST_adj appea o be mo e ele an o analy ical pu poses, as hei compac
dis ibu ions sugges highe p ecision and consis ency.
• Sus _adj shows mo e a iabili y, which may be less use ul o a ocused analysis.
Figu e 9: Cos -Sus ainabili y-E ec i eness plo -box in e p e a ion
3.3.1.2
The ep esen a ion o he mos sui able egional BBT
The ollowing able shows he I alian SWA Ma ix based on he i s 20 I alian BBTs Pi o analysis
scheme and indi idual plo ables can be ound in Appendix 1. The ma ix highligh s he ac o s ha
cha ac e ize he ideal BBT o he I alian egion.
In pa icula , he ideal bes I alian BBT should:
• conce n ac i i ies ela ed o ag icul u e and pos -ha es c op ac i i ies wi h a egional scope.
• be suppo ed h ough Ru al De elopmen Funds (Ope a ional G oups suppo measu e) and
in ol ing ad iso s, esea che s, and p ocesso s.
• use as eeds ock Biomass Residues (pe manen c op) wi h a high a ailabili y and supply
ag onomic inpu ( e ilize ).
• use a no so complex and mobile echnology, ela ed o c op esidues and pe ennial plan s
and/o ocused on ecycled ma e ial (Escoba -Laibach, 2021).
• ensu e a high le el o en i onmen al sus ainabili y, while on an economic and social le el,
sus ainabili y may be less ele an .

Deli e able 2.5
22
Table 5: I alian SWA ma ix
3.4 Towa ds he iden i ica ion o he i s 5 BBTs
3.4.1.1
Regional dynamic ma ix unde common amewo k
The ollowing able is he ma ix o egional dynamics (DYN) ha was cons uc ed ep esen ing a
snapsho o he I alian egion in e ms o biomass and echnologies, egula ion amewo k, suppo
and inancial policies as well as esea ch and de elopmen sys em.
S ong Fac o Weak Fac o Ambiguous Fac o
Re e ence sec o
A1.6Suppo ac i i ies o ag icul u e and
pos -ha es c op ac i i ies (18)
A2.1Sil icul u e and o he o es y
ac i i ies
Funding
Ru al de elopmen 2014-2020 o
Ope a ional G oups (15)
Pa ne (n°)
No clea
Type pa ne
ad iso (14); esea che (35); p ocesso
(16)
NGO; TRAINNING
Focus a ea
P1 (9) S eng hening he links be ween
ag icul u e, ood p oduc ion and
o es y and esea ch and inno a ion;
P5 (6)
FA 3A: Imp o ing compe i i eness o
p ima y p oduce s by be e
in eg a ing hem in o he ag i- ood
chain
S a us
No clea
Geog aphical scale
Regional
Key wo ds
Ci cula economy, incl. was e, by-
p oduc s and esidues
Fo es y ; Ou doo ho icul u e
and woody c ops (incl.
i icul u e,oli es, ui , o namen als)
BBT ca ego ies
C op esidues and pe ennial plan s F1
(14); Was e o ecycled ma e ial FC
(9)
Designe c ops F2; Algae biomass F3
(2)
Feeds ock
Biomass Residues (16) (pe manen c op)
Was es (b eeding by-p oduc s; oli e
oil)
Ou came
Ag ononomic inpu ( e ilize )
B eeding inpu (bedding li e o
cows,
TRL
No clea
Mobili y
Mobile
A ailabili y
3 - High po en ial - Signi ican a isings o
eeds ocks a ailable cu en ly.
C sink
1 - Low po en ial - low po en ial o
ca bon seques a ion (10)
3 - High po en ial (1)
Condi ions
No clea
Complexi y
No clea
Sus eco
2 - Medium po en ial - Expec ed o b ing
2 o 1 economic bene i s. (10)
1 - Low po en ial -
Sus socio
1 - Low po en ial - doesn' b ing any
social bene i s (10)
Sus en i
3 - High po en ial - Expec ed o b ing a
leas 3 signi ican en i onmen al
bene i s. (10)
2 - Medium po en ial
Value added
Low (11) Ve y high (1)
Deli e able 2.5
23
Table 6: I alian DYN ma ix
3.4.1.2
Techno-Te i o ial Syne gy ma ix
The c oss- e e encing o he DYN Ma ix and SWA Ma ix enables he assessmen o ela ionship
consis ency among di e en i ems unde a coe icien ’s ma ix ( echno- e i o ial syne gy ma ix TTS).
Applying hose coe icien s o he 20 selec ed BBTs could allow o es ima e and iden i y he e y bes
5 BTTs in he gi en egion. The ollowing igu e uses a Sankey cha o ep esen he links be ween
egional dynamics and BBTs cha ac e is ics, used o es ima e he echno- e i o ial syne gy ma ix.
Figu e 10: Pai ing BBTs and Dynamic ma ix in a Sankey cha ep esen a ion
BIOMASS AND TECHNOLOGY REGIONAL DYNAMICS
Geog aphical Scope
3 egions; Mainly moun ain bu also coas and plane
P ima y sec o
Ag icul u e --> a able land (43%), ollowed by pe manen meadows and pas u es (25%) and
woodlands, pe manen c ops (woody) (8%).
ce eals (especially co n); wine g apes (90% o p oduc ion is unde quali y ce i ica ion);
hazelnu g o es; and oli es; bee and dai y ca le
Fo es y --> pu e b oadlea ed o es s and pu e coni e ous o es s.
Timbe (so ood, ha dwood), pulpwood, biomass, panels, i ewood
Ag oindus ial sec o
i) wine p ocessing; ii) oli e oil; iii) milk and milk p oduc s sec o ; i ) ca le bee as well as
“Piemon ese” b eed; ) colonial p oduc s p ocessing (co ee and chocola e); i) local
p oduc ion.
Biomass a ailabili y
S aw, p uning, lawn husks (ag o)/ha dwoods ( o es )/ A undo (ene gy c ops)
Managemen and logis ics
biomass sec o has signi ican po en ial, bu logis ical challenges such as anspo a ion,
s o age, and supply chain coo dina ion mus be add essed o ully ealize i s bene i s.
Bio-based indus y
he bio-based indus y ma ke is s ill in he de elopmen phase. he I alian bio-based
indus ial sec o is cha ac e ized by a ne wo k o la ge, medium and small size companies
which wo k oge he , le e aging on he sus ainable p oduc ion and e icien use o biomass.
Bio-p oduc s ma ke
The in oduc ion o sus ainabili y ce i ica ion o bio-based p oduc s lead o an inc ease in
I alian demand o such ce i ied p oduc sP oBio p ojec
REGULATORY FRAMEWORK
P og ammes
Na ional Bioeconomy S a egy; Na ional Ene gy S a egy, Na ional Plan o Ene gy and
Clima e, Na ional Was e Managemen P og amme; Na ional S a egy o he Ci cula Economy
SUPPORT AND FINANCIAL POLICIES
Pubblic suppo
Na ional Reco e y and Resilience Plan; Na ional Resea ch Plan 2021-2027; CAP s agic plan;
Regional Sma Specialisa ion S a egy
P i a e suppo
Bank ounda ion (In esa)
R&D sys em
R&D sys em associa ed wi h biomass alo iza ion The I alian R&D sys em has a ela an na ional ins i u ional s uc u e.
Deli e able 2.5
24
The de ails o he elabo a ion and he TTS ma ix a e p esen ed in he ollow igu e
Figu e 11: The I alian TTS ma ix
The bes BBTs o he I alian egion a e hose ela ed o he ag icul u al sec o , a he han he o es y
sec o whe e he e is cu en ly less biomass a ailabili y, as well as hose ha can u ilise biomass om
ag o-indus y a e o in e es . F om he TTS ma ix, i eme ges ha he ype o pa ne ship plays a
c ucial ole in he choice o BBTs as well as he possible ou pu . The cha ac e is ics o he bio-based
indus y as well as ma ke and logis ical a e also ele an aspec s, as well as he sus ainabili y
dimensions. By con as , p i a e suppo , s a egic agendas seem no o be key elemen s. These
cha ac e s and da a a e applied, as coe icien s, o each o he op 20 BBTs, and le us o iden i y he 5
BBTs mos sui able o I aly and which could he e o e be mos easily implemen ed in he FAN a ea o
os e bio-based inno a ion. The ollowing able shows he lis o he op 5 BBTs so ed by sco e.
Table 7: I alian 5 bes BBTs
Code BBTs Desc ip ion BBTs Needs / P oblem s a emen Sco e
EL78-HIPO-
ENERGY/NUTRI
U ilisa ion o he lea es o he
Hippophae plan o he p oduc ion o
high nu i ion addi i es o so d inks
"- managemen o Hippophae lea es, which a e
cul i a ed only o he ha es ing o he ui -
exis ing s udies highligh he nu i ional alue o
he lea es"
4,75
EL80-OLIHERB/OLIVE Exploi a ion o oli e lea es ( ich in
polyphenols and o he bioac i e
ing edien s) o p oduce he bal in usions
and na u al ood addi i es
managemen o he signi ican quan i ies o
oli e lea es p oduced as by-p oduc s du ing
cul i a ion (p uning), ha es ing o oli es and
oli e oil p oduc ion (milling s age)
4,65
ES67-
OleoValo iza/OLIV2
Use o oli e ees esidues o p oduce
compos
The euse and eco e y o oli e by-p oduc s a e
essen ial o educe en i onmen al pollu ion and
con ibu e o inc easing he e iciency o he
ag icul u al and indus ial sec o s in ol ed and
educe hei p oduc ion cos s.
4,61
ES59-
AGUACAVALUE/BYPRO
Use o a ocado by-p oduc s in animal
nu i ion
P omo es possible al e na i es o he
alo isa ion o a ocado by-p oduc s by s udying
he cha ac e isa ion o hei nu i ional p o ile,
con en o bioac i e compounds, an ioxidan
po en ial and diges ibili y, ob aining p oduc s
wi h high nu i ional alue and high diges ibili y,
4,56
EL88-ΕΛΑΙΩΝΑΣ/OLFER U ilisa ion o oli e esidues o he
p oduc ion o compos and biocha
Managemen o was e and was ewa e
gene a ed du ing he oli e a ming and oli e oil
p oduc ion p ocesses
4,47
Fou o he i e BBTs ha ha e been deemed mos sui able o implemen a ion in I aly, pa icula ly in
he no hwes egion (Ligu ia, Piedmon , and Valle d'Aos a), mee he needs o a pa o he e i o y
pa icula ly dedica ed o oli e p oduc ion.
I aly
Geog aphical
scope
Ag icul u e Fo es y P ima y sec o
Ag oindus ial
sec o
Managemen
and logis ics
Bio-based
indus y
Bio-p oduc s
ma ke
P og ammes
Pubblic
suppo
P i a e
Suppo
R&D sys em
Re e ence sec o
Funding
Type pa ne
Focus a ea
Geog aphical scale
BBT ca ego ies
Feeds ock
Ou came
TRL
Mobili y
A ailabili y
C sink
Sus eco
Sus socio
Sus en i
Value added
Ve y high High Medium Low N
Deli e able 2.5
25
The i s wo p ojec s, EL78-HIPO-ENERGY/NUTRI and EL80-OLIHERB/OLIVE, sugges he use o lea es
(Hippophae and Oli e) o c ea e inno a i e p oduc s in he be e age sec o , which could expand he
o e ing o hese p oduc s in he e i o y, and in he bal p oduc s and na u al ood addi i es. In his
con ex , i is wo h no ing he cha ac e is ic o he Ingauna plain a ea (Ligu ia), whe e ag icul u al
p oduc ion is ocused on a oma ic plan s, which could be in eg a ed in o his supply chain.
This p ojec ES67-OleoValo iza/OLIV2 is impo an o en i onmen al sus ainabili y and economic
e iciency, ans o ming he esidues o oli e ees in o ag onomic inpu , a use ul compos , as well as
o add esses was e and was ewa e managemen . The p uning esidues o oli e ees, as well as o he
ui ees, could be ans o med unde his BBT in o compos o use in local p oduc ions.
The p oduc ion o was ewa e om he oli e oil indus y is one o he a ailable biomasses in I aly, and
in his case, he p oposed BBT could also be in eg a ed, p omo ing sus ainabili y aspec s.
The p ojec ES59-AGUACAVALUE/BYPRO ha ocused on he alo isa ion o a ocado by-p oduc s o
animal nu i ion is a p omising idea ha could be ans e ed in o he ypical p oduc ion o he I alian
e i o y, may be such as ches nu and hazelnu o apple, o imp o e he sus ainabili y and e iciency
o pe manen c ops p oduc ion.
Finally, i can be obse ed ha he exe cise o de ining he op 5 mos app op ia e BTTs in ela ion o
he speci ic cha ac e is ics o he e i o y appea s only pa ially aligned wi h hose o he BBTs
Assessmen Tool. In ac , only wo o he 5 bes BTTs all wi hin he op 10 es ima ed by he Assessmen
Tool. This, howe e , is no a pa adox, bu jus i ies and ein o ces he oadmap de ini ion exe cise
because i poin s ou he eal and conc e e possibili y o applica ion ha goes beyond he indica ions
o he FAN membe s.
The I alian membe s o he BBioNe s p ojec ad iso y boa d (Ad iso y Boa d - BBioNe s) alida ed he
“Region-speci ic p io i isa ion lis o Bio-Based Technologies and p ac ices”.
Acco ding o one o hem echniques linked o oli e g owing clea ly p e ail, p obably because he
e i o y unde in es iga ion includes Ligu ia, howe e hese a e echniques ha ha e a gene al alue
and, o a ce ain ex en , can also be used in o he a eas and in pa icula he belie es ha a leas EL80-
OLIHERB/OLIVE, ES67-OleoValo iza/OLIV2 and EL88-ΕΛΑΙΩΝΑΣ/OLFER could be implemen ed in he
nex 5 yea s in he I alian FAN a ea. The o he one unde lines ha he BBTs mo e linked o p oduc ion,
such as a ci cula bioeconomy wi h e y high added alue om ag icul u al by-p oduc s, seem o be
he mos inno a i e; while hose linked o ene gy seems less in e es ed in I alian Region and someone
could be mo e complica ed o implemen due o egula o y di icul ies (e.g. ash).
Deli e able 2.5
32
Figu e 14: Pai ing BBTs and Dynamic ma ix in a Sankey cha ep esen a ion
The de ails o he elabo a ion and he TTS ma ix a e p esen ed in he ollowing Figu e 15.
Figu e 15: The I ish TTS ma ix
F om Figu e 15, we can conclude ha an ideal BBT o he I ish egion could be ela ed o he
ag icul u al sec o , a he han he o es y sec o u ilizing biomass om ag i-p ima y sec o and
indus y. I eme ges ha he p esence o a me s and playe s o ming an R&D sys em could play a
c ucial ole in he pa ne ship composi ion. Ag onomic and b eeding inpu appea s o be he i s kind
o ou come. The cha ac e is ics o he bio-based indus y, he ma ke and logis ics, as well as he
sus ainabili y dimensions a e also ele an aspec s. On he o he hand, p i a e suppo and s a egic
agendas need o gain mo e ele ance o he u u e o BBTs in I eland.
I eland
Geog aphical
scope
Ag icul u e Fo es y P ima y
sec o
Ag oindus ial
sec o
Managemen
and logis ics
Bio-based
indus y
Bio-p oduc s
ma ke
P og ammes Public suppo
P i a e
Suppo
R&D sys em
Re e ence sec o
Funding
Type pa ne
Focus a ea
Geog aphical scale
BBT ca ego ies
Feeds ock
Ou come
TRL
Mobili y
A ailabili y
C sink
Sus eco
Sus socio
Sus en i
Value added
Ve y high High Medium Low N

Deli e able 2.5
33
These cha ac e is ics and da a a e applied, as coe icien s, o each o he op 20 BBTs, enabling he
iden i ica ion o he 5 BBTs mos sui able o I eland and hus mos likely o be implemen ed
e ec i ely. The ollowing Table 12 p oposes he lis o op 5 BBTs in I eland, anked by sco e.
Table 12: I ish 5 bes BBTs
The "Roadmap o BBTs implemen a ion" p o ides a s a egic analysis o he u u e deploymen o
Bio-Based Technologies (BBTs) in I eland using he BBTs In en o y, BBT Assessmen Tool (p io i izing
cos -e ec i e BBTs in quad an 4 o he assessmen cha and ensu ing high economic and
en i onmen al sus ainabili y, pa icula ly h ough enhanced ca bon sink capaci y), High-le el s udy o
egional dynamics s udy (which highligh s abundan ag icul u al by-p oduc s bu no es logis ical and
cos - ela ed challenges) and Co-c ea ion wo kshops wi h he I ish Fo es and Ag icul u e Ne wo k
(FAN). The ou pu s o his Roadmap o implemen a ion p io i ise BBTs iden i ying he op i e mos
sui able o I eland (was es om ag icul u e p ima y p oduc ion sec o o e o es y esou ces).
The sugges ed oad o be aken o a u u e implemen a ion o BBTs in I eland e eals signi ican
insigh s om se e al analyses pe o med, such as co-occu ences, dis ibu ion, key ac o s, ha leads
owa ds a sugges ed iden i ica ion o sui able BBTs o he Republic o I eland.
Wi h ega ds o he co-occu ence analysis, Poland and I eland sha e he highes numbe o p io i ised
BBTs, meaning aligned needs in he ag icul u e and a ming sec o , as well as simila esou ces. I aly,
and G eece co-occu ence o p io i ised BBTs ollow Poland. The BBTs co-occu en wi h Poland a e
hose ha use dai y cow slu y o di e en pu poses and lignocellulosic ma e ials such as g ass, hemp,
wood and s aw. Simila ly, BBTs ha gene a e biocha , compos and on-si e ene gy gene a ion a e also
co-occu en wi h Poland. This highligh s po en ial collabo a i e a eas wi h Poland in he u u e
The conclusions ex ac ed om he dis ibu ion o he op 20 BBTs in he 2-D plo g aph, ("snake"
diag am) shows ha e iciency is a c i ical ac o o I eland when alking abou BBTs, as well as
pe o mance and lowe cos s. Addi ionally, sus ainabili y ac o sco es a e gene ally high o mode a e,
bu a ew cases demons a e low sus ainabili y. These esul s a e suppo ed by he esul s o he key
ac o s (“Box plo ”) analysis which e eals ha adjus ed cos (COST_adj) is he mos selec i e a iable,
signi ican ly in luencing decision-making o a me s and o es e s, ollowed by sus ainabili y
(Sus _adj), which plays a c ucial ole in p io i izing BBTs, i.e., low sus ainabili y could lead i s exclusion.
Adjus ed e iciency (EFF_adj) is ele an bu less selec i e o BBTs in I eland.
Region
TTS
Rank
BBT Code Desc ip ion BBT Needs / P oblem s a emen Sco e
IE 1
DE4-Lignocellulosic
Bio e ine y/LIGNO
Anae obic diges ion o a m esidues
(wood, g ass, s aw)
To alo ize he lignocellulosic esidues (meadow g ass)
om a ms in a sus ainable way.
6
IE 2
PL74-Polish
Apples/PolishApples
de eloping e men ed juice and compos able
disposable packaging om apples
Wi h he g owing awa eness o he ela ionship be ween
die and heal h, he e is a g owing demand o e men ed
oods wi h mic oo ganisms ha ha e p obio ic p ope ies.
The e is no apple juice e men ed wi h po en ially
p obio ic lac ic acid bac e ia on
5,87
IE 3
EL82-COMPOST-
INNO/COMPO
imp o emen o compos p oduc ion om he
p ocessing o by-p oduc -was e mix u es om
a ious sou ces
- lack o su icien amoun s o o ganic was e in he
cul i a ion si es
- dis ance o he sou ces o o ganic ma e om he places
o p ocessing and inal use
5,33
IE 4IE13-BBFB/CHAR
Ag icul u al biomass
such as ushes, go se, b acken and hazel,
is used o p oduce biocha in a mobile py olysis uni
The unu ilised biomass is le o decay which e u ns
ca bon dioxide o he a mosphe e while also con ol o
ege a ion, by he bicides o mechanically, is essen ial on
commonage land which is an annual expense on a me s.
5,33
IE 5
IT8-Moun ain
Ca bon/MNTNC
managemen o dai y ca le manu e in he
moun ain a eas using d ye s and dis ibu ion o
e ilise ou pu o a eas wi h low nu ien le el
o help imp o e he managemen o he o ganic ma e
(OM) om dai y ca le manu e in he moun ain a eas
5,29
Deli e able 2.5
34
This analysis o he dis ibu ion o BBTs combined wi h an analysis o he S onges and Weakes BBTs
o implemen (SWA Ma ix) leads o he iden i ica ion o which ypes o BBTs would be ideal o I eland
in he u u e, accoun ing o he cu en biomass a ailabili y. I has been iden i ied ha he ideal
implemen a ion o BBTs a e hose ocused on ac i i ies ela ed o g ass bio e ine y, AD, ene gy on-
si e, hemp u ilisa ion, managemen o dai y ca le o e ilise gene a ion and o animal bedding, as
well as nu ien eco e y h ough he u ilisa ion o esidual biomass ( om ag icul u e and o es y,
such as b anches and lea es) o biocha gene a ion and compos wi h a egional scope. Mos o he
knowledge gene a ed EU-wide o he ideal BBTs o I eland came om suppo h ough u al
de elopmen unds (Ope a ional G oups suppo measu e) and in ol e ad iso s; esea che s; and
p ocesso s and/o e aile s.
Fu he analysis (Regional Dynamic Ma ix and he Techno-Te i o ial Syne gy Ma ix), na owed down
he op 5 BBTs sui able o I eland, one o hem, al eady de eloped in I eland:
• DE4-Lignocellulosic Bio e ine y/LIGNO: Anae obic diges ion o a m esidues (wood, g ass,
s aw) o alo ise lignocellulosic esidues om a ms in a sus ainable way.
• IT8-Moun ain Ca bon/MNTNC: managemen o dai y ca le manu e in he moun ain a eas
using d ye s and dis ibu ion o e ilise ou pu o a eas wi h low nu ien le el, o help
imp o e he managemen o he o ganic ma e (OM) om dai y ca le manu e in he
moun ain a eas.
• IE13-BBFB/CHAR: Use o ag icul u al biomass such as ushes, go se, b acken and hazel, o
p oduce biocha in a mobile py olysis uni . These unu ilised biomasses a e usually le o decay
which e u ns CO2 o he a mosphe e while also con ol o ege a ion, by he bicides o
mechanically, is essen ial on commonage land which is an annual expense on a me s and
po en ial en i onmen al impac .
• PL74-Polish Apples/PolishApples: de eloping e men ed juice and compos able disposable
packaging om apples. Fe men ing oods wi h mic oo ganisms ha ha e p obio ic p ope ies
while using he pulp esul ing om p essing o c ea e compos able disposable packaging.
• EL82-COMPOST-INNO/COMPO: imp o emen o compos p oduc ion om he p ocessing o
by-p oduc -was e mix u es om a ious sou ces wi h mic obial bios imula o s and biocha .
These indings unde sco e he impo ance o e iciency, cos -e ec i eness, and sus ainabili y in
I eland's bio-based echnology landscape. I eland’s capaci y, suppo ed by ope a ional g oups, like he
ones iden i ied as op BBTs, and esea ch sys ems, could ein o ce I ish Ci cula Bioeconomy, howe e ,
logis ical and ma ke de elopmen o bio-based p oduc s s ill need s eng hening. No ably, his
oadmap posi ions I eland o ad ance a ci cula bioeconomy by le e aging hese BBTs o c ea e
sus ainable solu ions bu scaling adop ion will equi e enhanced logis ics and p i a e-sec o
collabo a ion o ensu e a sys emic shi owa d ci cula i y.
By iden i ying key ac o s and es ablishing ma ices, he epo p o ides a oadmap o selec ing and
implemen ing he op BBTs ha align wi h he egion’s ag icul u al ocus and R&D capabili ies,
p omo ing inno a ion and g ow h in he sec o .
The I ish membe s o he BBioNe s p ojec ad iso y boa d (Ad iso y Boa d - BBioNe s) alida ed he
“Region-speci ic p io i isa ion lis o Bio-Based Technologies and p ac ices”.
Deli e able 2.5
35
Acco ding o bo h AB he BBTs lis appea o be a “bi simple which is hope ully mo e conduci e o
he p ima y p oduc s”.
Howe e , he ecognises an in e es ing di e si ica ion o p ac ices ha could mee di e en needs.
The e o e, a c i ical poin is highligh ed: he case o PL74-Polish Apples/PolishApples could be e i ied
unde a eal scalabili y o p oduc ion in I eland. On he o he hand, he AB membe s sugges
conside ing BBTs wi h a highe complexi y as well as IE1-Bio e ine y Glas/GLAS, bu wi h he awa eness
ha his ype o p ojec needs a high le el o pa icipa ion o di e en ypes o s akeholde s and ac o s
( a me s, ad iso s, R&D, echnology p o ide s, ...) and consequen ly a consis en go e nance.
Rega ding possible implemen a ion in he nex i e yea s, he AB conside s ha possible unding
obs acles should be conside ed, especially in he ligh o a new CAP amewo k.
Deli e able 2.5
36
5 – Assessmen esul s by he Spanish egion
5.1 Desc ip ion o he Top 20 BBTs o he Spanish egion
The BBT Assessmen Tool allows o iden i y a anking o BBTs o each egion. The ollowing able
p esen s he Spanish op 20 BBTs. I p o ides he ou lines o a ious p ojec s and ini ia i es ela ed o
sus ainable ag icul u al p ac ices and he u iliza ion o by-p oduc s and esidues om a ming and
o es y.
Table 13: Lis o he op 20 BBTs o he Spanish egion
Sou ce: BBioNe s BioBased Technology In en o y (Ope a ional G oups In en o y - BBioNe s Pla o m)
Code BBT codes Desc ip ion BBT Rank
EL80 EL80-OLIHERB/OLIVE
exploi a ion o oli e lea es ( ich in polyphenols and o he bioac i e
ing edien s) o p oduce he bal in usions and na u al ood addi i es
1
EL88 EL88-ΕΛΑΙΩΝΑΣ/OLFER U ilisa ion o oli e esidues o he p oduc ion o compos and biocha 2
EL5 EL5-BIO2CHP/B2CHP
BIO2CHP is a con aine -sized powe gene a o ha con e s solid
o ganic esidues in o ene gy on-si e.
3
DE4 DE4-Lignocellulosic Bio e ine y/LIGNO Anae obic diges ion o a m esidues (wood, g ass, s aw) 4
IT11 IT11-Clean-ER/CLINR
small wood chipping machine o collec ing wood biomass om
moun ain o es s and hei py olysis o ob ain ene gy and biocha
5
EL84 EL84-AGROSCHOOLBUS.BIO/RESOL
eco e y o he nu ien s con ained in he esidues (b anches, lea es) o
oli e ees (and o he p oduc i e ees) h ough compos ing
6
ES58 ES58-Ag iCa bón/AC P oduc ion o ac i a ed ca bon using ag icul u al was e. 7
ES64 ES64-Biocha /BIOCH Use o pu nings o biocha p oduc ion. 8
ES66 ES66-OleoValo iza/OLIVE Reco e y o sludge om oli e-mill ponds h ough a compos ing
p ocess. 9
ES67 ES67-OleoValo iza/OLIV2 Use o oli e ees esidues o p oduce compos 10
IT6 IT6-Sca abeo/HMP2C
Hemp s ems a e collec ed, hei ibe s a e sepa a ed h ough
mace a ion, ibe s a e ed o BSFL and he woody ma ow is py olized
11
FI3 FI3-Fo es Chip4Fa m/FC4FH a m-le el hea ing plan s (400-500kW) o use esh o es -chips 12
ES65 ES65-BIORUMIOLI/FEED Use o oli e pulp as eed o small uminan s. 13
EL87
EL87-Inno a i e Rice Residue
Managemen P ac ices/RICE
Rice esidues e u ning o he soil as e ilise s 14
ES59 ES59-AGUACAVALUE/BYPRO Use o a ocado by-p oduc s
in animal nu i ion 15
ES63 ES63-BIOSUERO/WHEY Use o whey as a bio e ilise . 16
IE1 IE1-Bio e ine y Glas/GLAS
Pe ennial yeg ass can be p essed o p oduce P ess Cake, which can be
used as ca le eed. G ass P o ein and G ass Whey a e byp oduc s ha
can be used as eed o chicken and pig, and as e ilise , espec i ely.
17
PL74 PL74-Polish Apples/PolishApples
de eloping e men ed juice and compos able disposable packaging
om apples
18
PL90
PL90-Ag oleśnic wo w Dolinie
Zielawy/Zielawa He bs
Inno a i e model o p oduc ion, p ocessing and dis ibu ion o he bs 19
EL82 EL82-COMPOST-INNO/COMPO
imp o emen o compos p oduc ion om he p ocessing o by-p oduc -
was e mix u es om a ious sou ces
20
Deli e able 2.5
37
5.2 Benchma king wi h o he coun ies
The aim o his pa is o analyse he op 20 BBTs mac o-cha ac e isa ions unde he egional ligh ,
using compa ison o he o he egions.
5.2.1.1
Co-occu ence analysis
The co-occu ence ma ix is used o analyse he simul aneous p esence o wo o mo e BBTs in
di e en Regions, se ing he Spanish egion as a pi o , h ough he ep esen a ion o a bina y ma ix.
Table 14: Co-occu ence able o he Spanish egion.
The lis o he op BBTs in Spain shows he highes le el o co-occu ences among he 6 egions
conside ed by he BBioNe s p ojec . Mos p ojec s in ol e a leas one o he coun y, wi h G eece,
I aly, Poland and I eland being equen co-p esen s and he only Spain-exclusi e p ojec is PL90-
Zielawa He bs. We can highligh a ele an le el o co-occu ences i s ly wi h G eece (13) and I aly
(11); hen wi h Poland (9) and I eland (8).
The BBTs ha a e cha ac e ised by he highes le el o co-occu ence among he 6 egions a e: DE4-
Lignocellulosic Bio e ine y (IE, PL, EL, CZ) e EL84-AGROSCHOOLBUS.BIO/RESOL (IT, IE, PL, EL); EL5-
BIO2CHP/B2CHP (IE, PL, IT), EL80-OLIHERB/OLIVE (IE, PL, EL), IT6-Sca abeo/HMP2C (IE, PL, EL) and
EL82-COMPOST-INNO/COMPO (IE, PL, EL).
Se en BBTs a e di ec ly om Spain.
BBT codes Code ES IT IE PL EL CZ TOT
EL80-OLIHERB/OLIVE EL80 1 1 1 1 4
EL88-ΕΛΑΙΩΝΑΣ/OLFER EL88 1 1 1 3
EL5-BIO2CHP/B2CHP EL5 1111 4
DE4-Lignocellulosic Bio e ine y/LIGNO DE4 1 1111 5
IT11-Clean-ER/CLINR IT11 1 1 1 3
EL84-AGROSCHOOLBUS.BIO/RESOL EL84 11111 5
ES58-Ag iCa bón/AC ES58 1 1 1 3
ES64-Biocha /BIOCH ES64 1 1 2
ES66-OleoValo iza/OLIVE ES66 1 1 1 3
ES67-OleoValo iza/OLIV2 ES67 1 1 1 3
IT6-Sca abeo/HMP2C IT6 1 1 1 1 4
FI3-Fo es Chip4Fa m/FC4FH FI3 1 1 2
ES65-BIORUMIOLI/FEED ES65 1 1 1 3
EL87-Inno a i e Rice Residue
Managemen P ac ices/RICE
EL87 1 1 1 3
ES59-AGUACAVALUE/BYPRO ES59 1 1 1 3
ES63-BIOSUERO/WHEY ES63 1 1 1 3
IE1-Bio e ine y Glas/GLAS IE1 1 1 1 3
PL74-Polish Apples/PolishApples PL74 1 1 1 3
PL90-Ag oleśnic wo w Dolinie
Zielawy/Zielawa He bs
PL90 11
EL82-COMPOST-INNO/COMPO EL82 1 1 1 1 4

Deli e able 2.5
38
5.2.1.2
Dis ibu ion o he op 20 BBTs
The ollowing igu e shows he a angemen o he Top 20 BBTs o Spain as o de ed in he BBT
Assessmen Tool ( he so-called “snake“) in di ec compa ison wi h he o he i e egions unde
obse a ion he e.
Figu e 16: The Snake pa hs om all ep esen ed egions (Spain in ames).
Looking a he disposi ion o Spanish BBTs in compa ison wi h hose o o he egions, i can be
obse ed ha all BBTs a e clus e ed closely oge he and a e sp ead ac oss h ee quad an s: he i s ,
hi d, and ou h.
The e ec i eness dimension appea s o be pa icula ly ele an . The snake-like pa e n ex ends along
he x-axis, co e ing bo h posi i e and nega i e alues, indica ing bo h posi i e and nega i e
e ec i eness in ela i e e ms.
Deli e able 2.5
39
When i comes o cos s, wo con as ing si ua ions eme ge: on one hand, condi ions ha allow cos
sa ings; on he o he , c i ical condi ions wi h nega i e alues.
Sus ainabili y seems o be a signi ican dimension, displaying consis en le els.
5.3 De ine he egional BBT iden i y ca d
5.3.1.1
Iden i ica ion o he key ac o s o BBTs - Plo box ep esen a ion
In he ollowing igu e is ep esen ed a plo box g aph ha p esen s he dis ibu ion o he h ee main
a iables used du ing he BBT assessmen exe cise and b ough back o a common ange o a iabili y
(adjus ed), i.e. e iciency, cos , sus ainabili y. In he Spanish case, we can highligh :
• COST_adj shows he highes dispe sion ( om e y high posi i e alues o ex eme nega i es).
This sugges s ha COST_adj s ongly disc imina es be ween obse a ions, selec ing only some
wi h high sco es and d as ically lowe ing o he s.
• Sus _adj has a dis ibu ion ha signi ican ly d ops below ze o, bu wi hou he ex eme
a iabili y o COST_adj.
• EFF_adj is mo e s able compa ed o he o he wo.
• COST_adj is he mos selec i e, e en i COST_adj, wi h i s ex eme sco es, may be mo e
"dis o ing" in il e ing
• Sus _adj can be conside ed ele an as i has alues mo e concen a ed in he highe ange,
indica ing ha i ewa ds he bes ins ances mo e clea ly.
Figu e 17: Cos -Sus ainabili y-E ec i eness plo -box in e p e a ion
5.3.1.2
The ep esen a ion o he mos sui able egional BBT
The Spanish SWA Ma ix is p esen ed in he ollowing able. The SWA ma ix is se on he base on he
i s 20 Spanish BBTs, p ocessed unde a pi o analyses. In Appendix 1 i is possible o consul indi idual
pi o ables. The SWA ma ix aims o highligh he mos ep esen ed ac o s, cha ac e ising he clus e
Deli e able 2.5
40
o he 20 BBTs. A second aim is o p opose a kind o a hypo he ical “bes BBT” ela ed o he Spanish
egion.
Table 15: Spanish SWA ma ix
This Spanish ideal BBT should:
• conce n ac i i ies ela ed o ag icul u e and pos -ha es c op ac i i ies, using eeds ock om
biomass esidues (pe manen c ops) wi h a high local a ailabili y;
• be unded i s ly by Ru al de elopmen unds (Ope a ional G oups suppo measu e) and
unde a egional scale;
• in ol e in he pa ne ship i s ly esea che s and a me s; bu also p ocesso s and ad iso s;
• p oduce as ou come i s ly ag onomic inpu (Biocha & e ilize s);
• use a mobile echnology, easy o use and eplica e, highly ela ed o c op esidues and was e
o ecycled ma e ial and bio e ining p ocess (Escoba -Laibach, 2021)
• ensu e a high le el o en i onmen al sus ainabili y, wi h a ele an C sink abili y, and in he
ligh o economic and social issues.
S ong Fac o Weak Fac o Ambiguous Fac o
Re e ence sec o
A1.6Suppo ac i i ies o ag icul u e
and pos -ha es c op ac i i ies (14)
A2.1Sil icul u e and o he o es y ac i i ies
(1); A2.4Suppo se ices o o es y (1)
A1.2G owing o pe ennial c ops (4)
Funding
Ru al de elopmen 2014-2020 o
Ope a ional G oups (15)
O he EU esea ch unds (1)
O he u al… (3)
O he public esea ch unds (1)
Pa ne (n°)
n. .
Type pa ne
Ad iso (13) ; Resea che (32);
P ocesso o e aile (14); Fa me (25)
Fo es e (0) ; ainning bodies (0), ngo (1);
public au ho i y (3)
Focus a ea
Pi o i y 5: FA 5E: Fos e ing ca bon
conse a ion + FA 5D: Reducing
g eenhouse gas ; FA 1B: S eng hening
he links (6)
FA 1A: Fos e ing inno a ion (1); FA 2A:
Imp o ing he economic pe o mance o all
a ms (1); FA 4B: Imp o ing wa e
managemen (1); FA 4A: Res o ing, p ese ing
biodi e si y (1)
S a us
n. .: Comple ed (10);
Ongoing (10)
Geog aphical scale
Local & egional (18)
Na ional (2)
Key wo ds
Ci cula economy, incl. was e, by-
p oduc s and esidues (10)
Fo es y, soil, clima e change, ag o-ecology,
ene gy.
BBT ca ego ies
C op esidues and pe ennial plan s F1
(16); Bio e ine ies C2 (12)
Designe c ops o op imised biomass con en
F2 (2); Algae biomass F3 (2)
Feeds ock
Biomass esidues (13) (Oli e, a ocado,
o es esideues)
Biomass ( mixed biomass, yeg ass) (3), was e
(apple by-p oduc s, b eeding by-p oduc s) (4)
Ou come
Ag onomic inpu (10) (Biocha ,
e ilize ) Na u al addi i es (3), b eeding inpu (4)
TRL
n. .
Mobili y
Mobile (12)
A ailabili y
3 - High po en ial - (15)
2 – Medium po en ial (5)
C sink
3 - High po en ial
2 – medium (6) ; 1 – Low (6)
n. .
Condi ions
Complexi y
2 -easy o use / eplica e (9)
1 - e y easy o use/ eplica e (3)
Sus eco
3 - High po en ial n. .
Sus socio
2 - Medium po en ial (10) 3 - High po en ial (3)
Sus en i
3 - High po en ial (17)
2 – médium (3)
Value added
Food/Feed = High (8)
Deli e able 2.5
41
5.4 Towa ds he iden i ica ion o he i s 5 BBTs
5.4.1.1
Regional dynamic ma ix unde common amewo k
The ollowing ma ix o egional dynamics (DYN) was cons uc ed ep esen ing a snapsho o he
Spanish Region in e ms o biomass and echnologies, egula ion amewo k, suppo and inancial
policies as well as esea ch and de elopmen sys em.
Table 16: Spanish DYN ma ix
5.4.1.2
Techno-Te i o ial Syne gy ma ix
By c oss- e e encing he DNY ma ix and SWA ma ix, we can es ima e he consis ency o he
ela ionships among he di e en i ems (BBTs ac o s and e i o ial cha ac e s) in a coe icien ’s
ma ix ( echno- e i o ial syne gy ma ix - TTS). Applying hose coe icien s o he op Spanish 20
p ojec s led o es ima e and iden i y he bes 5 BBTs in he egion. The ollowing Sankey cha
ep esen s he di ec ions and he ele ance o he links be ween egional dynamics and BBTs
cha ac e is ics, as so om he TTS ma ix ( he ollowing igu e).
BIOMASS AND TECHNOLOGY REGIONAL DYNAMICS
Geog aphical Scope
coas , moun ain and o es
P ima y sec o
Ag icul u e--> in he ag icul u al sec o , is mainly made up o small companies
(96%); pe manen c ops 39,8%; annual c ops 35,1%;
Fo es y--> he main o es o ma ions a e holm oak o es (23.5%), pine o es
(14.8%) and co k oak g o es (4.33%). In Andalusia, 74.4% o he o es land is
p i a e p ope y, while he emaining 25.6% is public. wood (92%), sc ub (8%)
Ag o-indus ial sec o
The mos impo an ag oindus y in Andalusia a e he oil and a indus ies, wi h
la ges p oduc ion o oli e oil; he mea indus y, he second mos impo an in he
Andalusian ag i- ood indus y in e ms o u no e ; and he ho icul u al indus y.
Biomass a ailabili y
wine ies and b ewe ies, p uning oil, ice mills, ag icul u al was e, slaugh e houses,
manu e, wood, sc ub, Al al a, ba ley, co on, maize, apeseed, suga bee , whea
Managemen and logis ics
p ocessing plan s o p oduce biodiesel o bioe hanol; seasonali y and s o ing mus
be conside ed when designing logis ics ci cui s
Bio-based indus y
Biomass elec ici y gene a ion; Biogas gene a ion; The mal use, Pelle s
manu ac u ing; Oli e bone and chip p oduc ion o he mal use; Bio uels
Bio-p oduc s ma ke
Main a ge ma ke s o bio-p oduc s: bioene gy and bio uels, chemical indus y,
pha maceu ical indus y, ag icul u e and aquacul u e, ood and be e age indus y,
cosme ic indus y, cons uc ion, and plas ic indus y
REGULATORY FRAMEWORK
P og ammes
Spanish Bioeconomy S a egy; Andalusian Ci cula Bioeconomy S a egy; Ci cula
Economy Law
SUPPORT AND FINANCIAL POLICIES
Public suppo
Minis y o Ecological T ansi ion; Cen e o Indus ial Technological De elopmen
(CDTI); egional Ogs
P i a e suppo
In es men und; Business Angels & Ven u e Capi al
R&D sys em
R&D sys em associa ed wi h
biomass alo isa ion
In u no e e ms, Andalusia is he hi d Spanish egion ha in es mo e in
esea ch and de elopmen in absolu e e ms and posi ion i sel as he 5 h wi h
espec o he egional GDP
Deli e able 2.5
48
6.3 De ine he egional BBT iden i y ca d
6.3.1.1
Iden i ica ion o he key ac o s o BBTs - Plo box ep esen a ion
In he ollowing igu e is ep esen ed a plo box g aph ha p esen s he dis ibu ion o he h ee
a iables b ough back o a common ange o a iabili y (adjus ed), i.e. e iciency, cos , sus ainabili y,
o he o al 113 BBTs p esen ed in he In en o y, acco ding o he Polish anking (BBTs Assessmen
Tool).
In he case o Poland, we can highligh :
• EFF_adj and COST_adj ha e a na owe IQR, meaning lowe a iabili y and a highe abili y o
di e en ia e be ween da a poin s.
• Sus _adj has he wides IQR, indica ing g ea e da a sp ead and lowe selec i i y.
• EFF_adj and COST_adj a e he mos selec i e, while Sus _adj is he leas selec i e.
• EFF_adj and COST_adj appea o be mo e ele an o analy ical pu poses, as hei compac
dis ibu ions sugges highe p ecision and consis ency.
• Sus _adj shows mo e a iabili y, which may be less use ul o a ocused analysis. Howe e , i
a iabili y is an impo an aspec o he s udy, his a iable could s ill be signi ican .
Figu e 21: Cos -Sus ainabili y-E ec i eness plo -box in e p e a ion
6.3.1.2
The ep esen a ion o he mos sui able egional BBT
The Polish SWA Ma ix is p esen ed in he ollowing able. The SWA ma ix is se on he base on he
i s 20 Polish BBTs in o ma ion, p ocessed unde a pi o analyses. In Appendix 1 i is possible o consul
indi idual pi o ables.
The SWA ma ix i s aims o highligh he mos ep esen ed ac o s, cha ac e ising he clus e o he
20 BBTS. The second aim is o illus a e a kind o a hypo he ical “bes BBT” ela ed o he Polish Region.
This BBT ideal ype should:

Deli e able 2.5
49
• conce n ac i i ies ela ed o ag icul u e and pos -ha es c op ac i i ies, making esou ce om
biomass esidues and was es wi h a high local a ailabili y;
• be unded by Ru al De elopmen Funds (Ope a ional G oups suppo measu e) and in ol ing
ad iso s; esea che s; a me s and p ocesso s;
• ha e a egional scope;
• p oduce as main ou come ag onomic inpu and na u al addi i es;
• ensu e a high le el o en i onmen al sus ainabili y, wi h a ele an C sink abili y;
• ha e a medium ocus o economic and social sus ainabili y dimensions.
Table 20: Polish SWA ma ix
6.4 Towa ds he iden i ica ion o he i s 5 BBTs
6.4.1.1
Regional dynamic ma ix unde common amewo k
The ollowing ma ix o egional dynamics (DYN) was cons uc ed ep esen ing a snapsho o he Polish
Region in e ms o biomass and echnologies, egula ion amewo k, suppo and inancial policies as
well as esea ch and de elopmen sys em.
S ong Fac o Weak Fac o Ambiguous Fac o
Re e ence sec o
A1.6Suppo ac i i ies o ag icul u e and
pos -ha es c op ac i i ies (14)
A2.1Sil icul u e and o he o es y ac i i ies (0)
Funding
Ru al de elopmen 2014-2020 o
Ope a ional G oups (16)
Pa ne (n°)
No clea
Type pa ne
ad iso (9); esea che (28); p ocesso
(16); a me
NGO (0); TRAINING (0), FORESTERS (0)
Focus a ea
P io i y5 (8)
FA 3A: Imp o ing compe i i eness o p ima y
p oduce s by be e in eg a ing hem in o he
ag i- ood chain (2)
S a us
Comple ed (13)
Geog aphical scale
Regional (15); Na ional (lowe ep esen a ion)
Key wo ds
Ci cula economy
Ene gy; Ou doo ho icul u e and woody
c ops (incl. i icul u e,oli es, ui ,
o namen als); Fodde and eed; Ag oecology
BBT ca ego ies
C op esidues and pe ennial plan s F1
(13); Was e o ecycled ma e ial FC (10);
Bio e ine ies C2 (10)
Con eggio di Algae biomass F3 (3); F2 (1)
Feeds ock
Biomass esidues (10); was es(8) biomass (2)
Ou come
Ag ononomic inpu (9) bio uels (1)
TRL
no clea (10 emp y)
Mobili y
S a ic (13) Mobile (6)
A ailabili y
3 - High po en ial - Signi ican a isings o
eeds ocks a ailable cu en ly (18)
C sink
3 - High po en ial (14)
1 - Low po en ial - low po en ial o ca bon
seques a ion
Condi ions
No clea
Complexi y
1 - e y easy o use/ eplica e No clea
Sus eco
high/medium po en ial (11), medium (7)
Sus socio
2 - Medium po en ial -Expec ed o b ing
2 o 1 social bene i s. (13)
Low
Sus en i
3 - High po en ial - Expec ed o b ing a
leas 3 signi ican en i onmen al
bene i s.(15)
Value added
Food/Feed = High (16)
Deli e able 2.5
50
Table 21: Polish DYN ma ix
6.4.1.2
Techno-Te i o ial Syne gy ma ix
C oss- e e encing he DNY ma ix and SWA ma ix, we can es ima e he consis ency o he
ela ionships among he di e en i ems (BBTs ac o s and e i o ial cha ac e s) in a coe icien ’s
ma ix ( echno- e i o ial syne gy ma ix TTS). Applying hose coe icien s o he op Poland 20 BBTs
led o es ima ing and iden i ying he e y bes 5 BTTs. The ollowing Sankey cha ep esen s he
di ec ions and he ele ance o he links be ween egional dynamics and BBTs cha ac e is ics, as so
om he TTS ma ix ( he ollowing igu e).
BIOMASS AND TECHNOLOGY REGIONAL DYNAMICS
Geog aphical Scope moun ain, coas , o es ed hills
P ima y sec o
Ag icul u e--> he a e age size o ag icul u al land pe a m in he
coun y in 2023 was 11.42, indica ing a medium size; a able c ops (
ce eals, ege ables, po a oes), g ass, s aw, ce eals yields
Fo es y--> pe manen woody c ops ( coni e s, deciduous); imbe ,
slash, s ump wood
Ag o-indus ial sec o
ui (apples, aspbe ies, blackcu an s, bluebe ies), mea (poul y,
po k), dai y p oduc s and mush ooms.
Biomass a ailabili y
ood indus y side s eam, animal by-p oduc , s aw, g ass, ce eals,
ca le, pig, coni e s, imbe s
Managemen and logis ics
need o a oid he mo emen o la ge masses o biomass o e long
dis ances, i is en isaged o c ea e local biomass ma ke s and logis ics
sys ems ha minimize he cos s o biomass p ocu emen ,
anspo a ion and s o age;
Bio-based indus y ag icul u al biogas, he mal use, bio uels
Bio-p oduc s ma ke biogas p oduc ion (especially ag icul u al biogas)
REGULATORY FRAMEWORK
P og ammes
Na ional Ene gy and Clima e Plan o he yea s 2021-2030; Na ional
Sma Specialisa ion S a egy;S a egy o Sus ainable Ru al
De elopmen , Ag icul u e and Fishe ies 2030;Ene gy Policy o Poland
un il 2040
SUPPORT AND FINANCIAL POLICIES
Public suppo
Eu opean Ag icul u al Gua an ee Fund (EAGF), Eu opean Ag icul u al
Fund o Ru al De elopmen (EAFRD), Eu opean Ma i ime and Fishe ies
Fund (EMFF)
P i a e suppo
Ven u e Capi al Ma ke (e.g., bank loans)
R&D sys em
R&D sys em associa ed wi h
biomass alo isa ion
he Minis y o Ag icul u e manages 12 esea ch ins i u es, i e o
which conduc esea ch on ield c ops, including o ganic a ming;
he e a e 10 uni e si ies wi h ag icul u al acul ies, 8 wi h o es y
acul ies and 2 wi h ishe ies/aquacul u e acul ies.
Deli e able 2.5
51
Figu e 22: Pai ing BBTs and Dynamic ma ix in a Sankey cha ep esen a ion
The de ails o he elabo a ion and he TTS ma ix a e p esen ed in he ollow Figu e 23.
Figu e 23: The Polish TTS ma ix
F om he igu e abo e, we can poin ou ha an ideal BBT in he Poland si ua ion could be ela ed o
he ag icul u al sec o , a he han he o es y and unded unde Ru al De elopmen measu es; i
could make esou ce o biomass om ag icul u e i s and ago-indus y (less om o es y) and
p oduce ou come o p ima y and ag o-indus y sec o . The p esence o a me s and ac o s om R&D
Poland
Geog aphical
scope
Ag icul u e Fo es y
P ima y
sec o
Ag oindus ial
sec o
Managemen
and logis ics
Bio-based
indus y
Bio-p oduc s
ma ke
P og ammes
Public
suppo
P i a e
Suppo
R&D sys em
Re e ence sec o
Funding
Type pa ne
Focus a ea
Geog aphical scale
BBT ca ego ies
Feeds ock
Ou come
TRL
Mobili y
A ailabili y
C sink
Sus eco
Sus socio
Sus en i
Value added
Ve y high High Medium Low N
Deli e able 2.5
52
sys em could play a c ucial ole. The cha ac e is ics o he bio-based indus y as well as ma ke and
logis ical aspec s a e also i ems o conside , as well as he sus ainabili y dimensions.
Using he coe icien s se in TTS ma ix, each o he op 20 BBTS has been es ima ed in he ligh o
iden i y he 5 Bes BBTs o Poland condi ions. The ollowing able 7 p oposes he lis o he Polish op
5 BBTS o de ed by sco e.
Table 22: Polish 5 bes BBTs
Fou o he i e BBTs iden i ied as he mos sui able o Poland add ess he needs epo ed by Polish
s akeholde s. These a e: anae obic diges ion o alo ize lignocellulosic a m esidues (wood, g ass,
s aw) (DE4-Lignocellulosic Bio e ine y/LIGNO), de elopmen o e men ed apple juice and
compos able disposable packaging om ui was e (PL74-Polish Apples/PolishApples), imp o emen
o compos p oduc ion om by-p oduc s and was e (EL82-COMPOST-INNO/COMPO), and slu y
managemen dedica ed o pig a ming (ES51-GO IMECO/PgSLR). The i h sugges ed BBT, exploi a ion
o oli e lea es o p oduce he bal in usions and na u al ood (EL80-OLIHERB/OLIVE) seems much less
sui able o Poland, as oli e p oduc ion is no popula in his coun y.
The i s BBT, DE4-Lignocellulosic Bio e ine y/LIGNO, can be used by bo h a me s and o es e s (o
o cha d owne s), as i add esses he p oblem o lignocellulosic biomass. I o e s an in e es ing solu ion
as i aims o sol e he p oblem o ag icul u al and o es y esidues wi h a a m-based bio e ine y, as
well as o p oduc ion o eed p o ein and bioma e ials wi hou compe ing wi h ood p oduc ion, which
is a ully ci cula solu ion.
The second mos sui able BBT, PL74-Polish Apples/PolishApples, is a Polish OG solu ion add essing
ypical needs o his Eu opean egion – leading apple p oduce in EU - u ilisa ion o abundan apple
p ocessing was e (e.g. apple pomace) as well as o e ing a alue added p oduc o e men ed apple
juice wi h p obio ic p ope ies, espond o he needs o conscious consume s. Wha is c ucial,
u ilisa ion o was e o p oduc ion o disposable and compos able packaging add esses he "ze o
was e" p inciple p omo ed by he BBioNe s ini ia i e.
The hi d BBT solu ion, EL82-COMPOST-INNO/COMPO, may also be an in e es ing compos ing
echnology o Polish a me s, o e ing a solu ion o he p oduc ion o o ganic e ilize o high added
alue h ough en ichmen o he inal p oduc wi h mic obial bios imula o s and biocha . I is in line
Region
TTS
Rank
BBT Code Desc ip ion BBT Needs / P oblem s a emen Sco e
PL 1
DE4-Lignocellulosic
Bio e ine y/LIGNO
Anae obic diges ion o a m
esidues (wood, g ass, s aw)
To alo ize he lignocellulosic esidues (meadow
g ass) om a ms in a sus ainable way.
6
PL 2
PL74-Polish
Apples/PolishApples
de eloping e men ed juice and
compos able disposable
packaging om apples
Wi h he g owing awa eness o he ela ionship
be ween die and heal h, he e is a g owing demand
o e men ed oods wi h mic oo ganisms ha ha e
p obio ic p ope ies.
5,87
PL 3EL80-OLIHERB/OLIVE
exploi a ion o oli e lea es ( ich
in polyphenols and o he
bioac i e ing edien s) o p oduce
he bal in usions and na u al ood
managemen o he signi ican quan i ies o oli e
lea es p oduced as by-p oduc s du ing cul i a ion
(p uning), ha es ing o oli es and oli e oil
p oduc ion (milling s age)
5,6
PL 4
EL82-COMPOST-
INNO/COMPO
imp o emen o compos
p oduc ion om he p ocessing
o by-p oduc -was e mix u es
om a ious sou ces
- lack o su icien amoun s o o ganic was e in he
cul i a ion si es
- dis ance o he sou ces o o ganic ma e om he
places o p ocessing and inal use
5,33
PL 5ES51-GO IMECO/PgSLR
slu y managemen and
ea men sys em
slu y managemen and ea men sys em o
ensu ing he p oduc gene a ed in pig a ms is mo e
compe i i e and has a lowe en i onmen al impac
5,33
Deli e able 2.5
53
wi h he EU egula ions on sus ainable use o e ilise s and limi ing he nu ien loss om bo h o ganic
and mine al e ilise s.
ES51-GO IMECO/PgSLR, he ou h sugges ed BBT solu ion, add esses he p oblem o slu y
managemen , which is one o he majo needs exp essed by Polish a me s. I o e s slu y
managemen and ea men sys em o pig a ming, ensu ing be e quali y o p oduc and lowe
en i onmen al impac , p omo ing e iciency in nu ien ecycling and mi iga ing clima e change.
Al hough he i h BBT, EL80-OLIHERB/OLIVE, o e s a p omising solu ion o managing signi ican
quan i ies o oli e lea es, p uning esidues, ha es ing o oli es and oli e oil p oduc ion (milling s age),
i does no di ec ly add ess he needs o Polish a me s and o es e s. Howe e , his BBT could se e
as a po en ial inspi a ion o de eloping a echnology mo e sui able o Polish con ex ega ding
exploi a ion o lea es o o he plan esidues ich in polyphenols and bioac i e ing edien s. Such
ex ac ion echnology could be adjus ed and u ilised e.g. by hemp o be y p oduce s (bo h
ep esen ed by OGs in Polish FAN), he o me one wi h g owing popula i y in he egion and he la e
ha ing al eady nume ous plan a ions in Poland.
The Polish membe o he BBioNe s p ojec ad iso y boa d (Ad iso y Boa d - BBioNe s) alida ed he
“Region-speci ic p io i isa ion lis o Bio-Based Technologies and p ac ices” wi h some ele an
sugges ion
Acco ding o he AB membe , he selec ed BBTs align wi h key EU p io i ies, pa icula ly hose se
du ing he Polish p esidency, which emphasize s eng hening secu i y ac oss mul iple dimensions.
Ene gy and ood secu i y a e bo h c ucial, making inno a ions in animal p oduc ion especially
impo an . Fo example, he IE1-Bio e ine y Glas is suppo ed, while EL81-BioAnimalCha has po en ial
bu low economic eadiness.
Regene a i e p ocesses ha sa ely ecycle was e and imp o e soil quali y a e conside ed a high
p io i y. Technologies ha enhance animal wel a e (e.g., IT36-S abilized Li e ) and manage di icul
logis ics (e.g., IT8-Moun ain Ca bon) a e also highligh ed. The hi d ocus is ene gy secu i y, ollowing
he bioeconomy cascade; DE4-Lignocellulosic Bio e ine y is p omising i a o dable, along wi h IT6-
Sca abeo and EL5-BIO2CHP.
Polish AB membe highligh s a deep e lec ion on BBTs ela ed o niche ele ance (eg. PL74-Polish
Apples/PolishApples, EL80-OLIHERB/OLIVE), while he s ongly a gumen s a ocus on echnologies able
o de elop di ec bene i s o Polish li es ock compe i i eness and en i onmen al impac (eg IE1-
Bio e ine y Glas/GLAS and IT36-S abilized Li e /S bMn).
Implemen a ion wi hin 5 yea s is easible, d i en by he dual need o sus ainable p o ein sou ces and
soil egene a ion.

Deli e able 2.5
54
7 – Assessmen esul s by he G eek egion
7.1 Desc ip ion o he Top 20 BBTs o he G eek egion
The BBT Assessmen Tool made i possible o iden i y a anking o BBTs o each egion. The Table 23
p esen s he G eek op 20 BBTs by anking. I p o ides he ou lines o a ious p ojec s and ini ia i es
ela ed o sus ainable ag icul u al p ac ices and he u iliza ion o by-p oduc s and esidues om
ag icul u e and o es y.
Table 23: Lis o he op 20 BBTs o he G eek egion
Sou ce: BBioNe s BioBased Technology In en o y (Ope a ional G oups In en o y - BBioNe s Pla o m)
Code BBT codes Desc ip ion BBT Rank
ES66 ES66-OleoValo iza/OLIVE Reco e y o sludge om oli e-mill ponds h ough a compos ing p ocess. 1
EL84 EL84-AGROSCHOOLBUS.BIO/RESOL
eco e y o he nu ien s con ained in he esidues (b anches, lea es) o oli e
ees (and o he p oduc i e ees) h ough compos ing
2
EL88 EL88-ΕΛΑΙΩΝΑΣ/OLFER U ilisa ion o oli e esidues o he p oduc ion o compos and biocha 3
DE4 DE4-Lignocellulosic Bio e ine y/LIGNO Anae obic diges ion o a m esidues (wood, g ass, s aw) 4
EL82 EL82-COMPOST-INNO/COMPO
imp o emen o compos p oduc ion om he p ocessing o by-p oduc -
was e mix u es om a ious sou ces
5
EL87
EL87-Inno a i e Rice Residue
Managemen P ac ices/RICE
Rice esidues e u ning o he soil as e ilise s 6
ES63 ES63-BIOSUERO/WHEY Use o whey as a bio e ilise . 7
EL80 EL80-OLIHERB/OLIVE
exploi a ion o oli e lea es ( ich in polyphenols and o he bioac i e
ing edien s) o p oduce he bal in usions and na u al ood addi i es
8
CZ109 CZ109-TH-Compos _biocha /COMP
Compos ing p ocess (in ensi ica ion o o ganic ma e decomposi ion) by
addi ion o biocha .
9
ES65 ES65-BIORUMIOLI/FEED Use o oli e pulp as eed o small uminan s. 10
ES58 ES58-Ag iCa bón/AC P oduc ion o ac i a ed ca bon using ag icul u al was e. 11
EL83 EL83-Compo - La en e /COLAV
compos ing sys em o he op imiza ion o dis illed la ende s aws
u iliza ion, and he maximiza ion o a oma ic and o age c ops yields
12
EL78 EL78-HIPO-ENERGY/NUTRI
u ilisa ion o he lea es o he Hippophae plan o he p oduc ion o high
nu i ion addi i es o so d inks
13
ES60 ES60-AGUACAVALUE/AVOCA Use o a ocado by-p oduc s
in animal nu i ion, cosmeceu icals. 14
PL100 PL100-Polski Oce Owocowy/Vinega P oduc ion o ui inega 15
ES26 ES26-Bio e i+/BFTZ+ Con e ing ca le manu e and o he o ganic was e o bio- e ilise 16
IT6 IT6-Sca abeo/HMP2C
Hemp s ems a e collec ed, hei ibe s a e sepa a ed h ough mace a ion,
ibe s a e ed o BSFL and he woody ma ow is py olized
17
ES64 ES64-Biocha /BIOCH Use o pu nings o biocha p oduc ion. 18
CZ107 CZ107-QK- o e ac ion/WWTP Fe ilise p oduc ion using sewage sludge. 19
ES67 ES67-OleoValo iza/OLIV2 Use o oli e ees esidues o p oduce compos 20
Deli e able 2.5
55
7.2 Benchma king wi h o he coun ies
The aim o his pa is o analyse he op 20 BBTs mac o-cha ac e isa ions unde he egional ligh ,
using compa ison o he o he egions.
7.2.1.1
Co-occu ence analysis
The co-occu ence ma ix is used o analyse he simul aneous p esence o wo o mo e BBTs in
di e en egions, se ing he G eek egion as a pi o , h ough he ep esen a ion o a bina y ma ix.
Table 24: Co-occu ence able o he G eek egion.
Table 24 shows some s ong c oss- egional p esences: 5 occu ences in he case o EL84-
AGROSCHOOLBUS.BIO/RESOL and DE4-Lignocellulosic Bio e ine y/LIGNO); 4 occu ences o IT6-
Sca abeo/HMP2C, EL80-OLIHERB/OLIVE, EL82-COMPOST-INNO/COMPO. On he o he hand, only one
BBT is exclusi ely epo ed in G eece (EL83-Compo - La en e /COLAV).
We can highligh signi ican co-occu ence wi h I aly and Spain, wi h mul iple common BBTs
implemen ed in he so-called Medi e anean a ea; we can see also some o e lapping wi h I eland and
Poland, while he c oss-p esence wi h he Czech Republic poin ou low e idence. I is wo h o signal
ha a consis en pa o he 20 BBTs a e di ec ly om G eece (7).
7.2.1.2
Dis ibu ion o he op 20 BBTs
In The ollowing igu e we can app ecia e he a angemen o he Top 20 BBTs o G eece as o de ed in
he BBT Assessmen Tool and his a angemen is placed in di ec compa ison wi h he o he i e
egions unde obse a ion he e.
BBT codes Code EL IT IE ES PL CZ TOT
ES66-OleoValo iza/OLIVE ES66 1 1 1 3
EL84-AGROSCHOOLBUS.BIO/RESOL EL84 11111 5
EL88-ΕΛΑΙΩΝΑΣ/OLFER EL88 1 1 1 3
DE4-Lignocellulosic Bio e ine y/LIGNO DE4 1 1111 5
EL82-COMPOST-INNO/COMPO EL82 1 1 1 1 4
EL87-Inno a i e Rice Residue
Managemen P ac ices/RICE
EL87 1 1 1 3
ES63-BIOSUERO/WHEY ES63 1 1 1 3
EL80-OLIHERB/OLIVE EL80 1 1 1 1 4
CZ109-TH-Compos _biocha /COMP CZ109 1 1 1 3
ES65-BIORUMIOLI/FEED ES65 1 1 1 3
ES58-Ag iCa bón/AC ES58 1 1 1 3
EL83-Compo - La en e /COLAV EL83 11
EL78-HIPO-ENERGY/NUTRI EL78 1 1 2
ES60-AGUACAVALUE/AVOCA ES60 1 1 1 3
PL100-Polski Oce Owocowy/Vinega PL100 1 1 2
ES26-Bio e i+/BFTZ+ ES26 111 3
IT6-Sca abeo/HMP2C IT6 1 1 1 1 4
ES64-Biocha /BIOCH ES64 1 1 2
CZ107-QK- o e ac ion/WWTP CZ107 1 1 1 3
ES67-OleoValo iza/OLIV2 ES67 1 1 1 3
Deli e able 2.5
56
Figu e 24: Snake pa hs om all ep esen ed egions (G eece in ame).
In he G eek case, he e iciency dimension seems e y ele an , wi h he “snake dis ibu ion” lying on
he x-axis. The e iciency alues exhibi a ela i ely wide dis ibu ion, wi h ce ain cases signi ican ly
exceeding he a e age. This sugges s a iabili y in pe o mance ac oss di e en BBTs, bo h in posi i e
and nega i e sing, in a ela i e sense wi hin he se o all BBTs.
Rega ding cos , he G eek BBTs show on he one hand limi ed cos si ua ions ( ou h quad an , i.e. a
cos -sa ing condi ion), and on he o he hand an opposi e si ua ion, whe e cos s can be high ( i s and
second quad an s).
Sus ainabili y is p edominan ly high o mode a e, wi h mos BBTs indica ing posi i e alues.
None heless, a ew cases show e y low sus ainabili y.
The clus e ing o BBTs sugges s consis ency among mos cases, wi h poin s closely g ouped oge he .
Howe e , a "sa elli e clus e " case s ands apa om he main one.
Deli e able 2.5
57
O e all, he da a sugges s ha while e iciency and sus ainabili y a e gene ally a ou able, we can
es ima e ce ain ou lie s in cos and sus ainabili y.
7.3 De ine he egional BBT iden i y ca d
7.3.1.1
Iden i ica ion o he key ac o s o BBTs - Plo box ep esen a ion
The ollowing igu e e e s o a plo box g aph ha p esen s he dis ibu ion o he h ee a iables
b ough back o a common ange o a iabili y (adjus ed), i.e. e iciency, cos , sus ainabili y, o he
o al 113 BBTs p esen ed in he In en o y, acco ding o he G eek anking (BBT Assessmen Tool).
F om he cha we can highligh :
• EFF_adj and COST_adj ha e a na owe IQR, meaning lowe a iabili y and a highe abili y o
di e en ia e be ween da a poin s.
• EFF_adj appea s o be he mos selec i e and ele an a iable, while he ele an nega i e
alues indica e high-cos educ ion, which could be a key decision-making ac o .
• I selec ion is based on ex eme il e ing, EFF_adj will likely ha e he bigges impac .
• Sus _adj is he mos s able bu leas impac ul in selec ions.
• This means ha o good le els o e _adj and cos _adj, a lowe le el o sus _adj could be
accep ed
Figu e 25: Cos -Sus ainabili y-E ec i eness plo -box in e p e a ion
7.3.1.2
The ep esen a ion o he mos sui able egional BBT
Table 25 e e s he G eek SWA Ma ix on he base on he i s 20 G eek BBTs pi o analysis, and in
Appendix 1 i is possible o consul indi idual pi o ables. The SWA ma ix in ends o p esen he mos
Deli e able 2.5
64
8.2 Benchma king wi h o he coun ies
The aim o his pa is o analyse he op 20 BBTs mac o-cha ac e isa ions unde he egional ligh ,
using compa ison o he o he egions.
8.2.1.1
Co-occu ence analysis
The co-occu ence ma ix is used o analyse he simul aneous p esence o wo o mo e BBTs in
di e en Regions, se ing he Czech egion as a pi o , h ough he ep esen a ion o a bina y ma ix.
Table 29: Co-occu ence able o Czech Republic egion.
Mos p ojec s in ol e 3 o ewe coun ies o less, 1 p ojec (DE4 – Lignocellulosic) shows 5 coun ies
in ol ed. I eland, Spain, G eece ha e he highes numbe o co-occu ences wi h Poland (3 each). 14
BBTs a e exclusi ely selec ed o he Czech Republic.
The Czech p ojec s a e 6, bu we can also coun se e al p ojec s om he cen al pa o Eu ope
(Hunga y, Poland, Ge many and F ance), while ew BBTs a e om Medi e anean o A lan ic coun ies.
8.2.1.2
Dis ibu ion o he op 20 BBTs
The ollowing igu e shows he a angemen o he Top 20 BBTs o he Czech Republic as o de ed in
he BBT Assessmen Tool ( he so-called “snake “) in di ec compa ison wi h he o he i e egions unde
obse a ion he e.
BBT codes Code CZ IT IE ES PL EL TOT
FR12-SeCoPPA /ALFLF FR12 11
EE9-Hay Biosyngas/HAYBG EE9 11
HU7-REFERTIL/3RZRO HU7 11
FI3-Fo es Chip4Fa m/FC4FH FI3 1 1 2
CZ103-TJ-G ow_media/GROW CZ103 11
CZ109-TH-Compos _biocha /COMP CZ109 1 1 1 3
FI10-Wood2Biogas/Wd2BG FI10 11
ES39-INCREdible/RESIN ES39 11
CZ106-TH-soil_o ganisms/SOIL CZ106 11
CZ107-QK- o e ac ion/WWTP CZ107 1 1 1 3
IT11-Clean-ER/CLINR IT11 1 1 1 3
CZ105-QK-po a o-g owing/TATER CZ105 11
CZ112-FW- e ilise _applica ions/PREAG CZ112 11
DE4-Lignocellulosic Bio e ine y/LIGNO DE4 1 1111 5
IE13-BBFB/CHAR IE13 1 1 2
FR17-Py og een/PYROG FR17 11
PL75-Dishes om he Mill/Dishes om he Mill PL75 11
PL101-Biała W ona/Biała W ona PL101 11
PL92-Mode n Dee Fa ming/Mode n Dee Fa ming PL92 11
IT2-FABER/FABER IT2 11

Deli e able 2.5
65
Figu e 28: The snake pa hs om all ep esen ed egions ( he Czech Republic in ame).
Mos BBTs a e clus e ed and closely oge he .
The sus ainabili y dimension seems e y ele an , wi h gene alized big size o he bubbles ha
compose he s -called snake.
A clus e o BBTs a e ound a ound he o igin, spli in 3 and 4 quad an s, whe e he Y axe as a pi o ; i
means ha e ec i eness plays howe e a ele an ole. The dimension o e ec i eness seems e y
a iable.
P ac ically, all o he BBTs ha e a posi i e cos es ima e (cos sa ings a ea) and some all in o quad an
3 as hey do no ha e a high le el o e ec i eness.
Deli e able 2.5
66
8.3 De ine he egional BBT iden i y ca d
8.3.1.1
Iden i ica ion o he key ac o s o BBTs - Plo box ep esen a ion
In he ollowing igu e is ep esen ed a plo box g aph ha p esen s he dis ibu ion o he h ee
a iables b ough back o a common ange o a iabili y (adjus ed), i.e. e iciency, cos , sus ainabili y,
o he o al 113 BBTs p esen ed in he In en o y, acco ding o he Czech anking (BBTs Assessmen
Tool).
Unde he Czech Republic, we can highligh :
• EFF_adj appea s o ha e a ai ly wide ange, wi h bo h posi i e and nega i e alues, bu wi h
hinne IQR.
• The dis ibu ion o COST_adj con ains bo h nega i e and highly posi i e alues (ou line ),
indica ing s ong dispe sion.
• Sus _adj Sus ainabili y appea s o ha e many alues be ween -2.5 and 1.5, sugges ing a mo e
compac ange compa ed o he o he wo.
• EFF_adj seems o be he a iable ha bes disc imina es in e nal a iabili y wi hou being
o e ly in luenced by ex emes.
Figu e 29: Cos -Sus ainabili y-E ec i eness plo -box in e p e a ion
8.3.1.2
The ep esen a ion o he mos sui able egional BBT
The Czech SWA Ma ix is p esen ed in he ollowing able. The SWA ma ix is se on he base on he
i s 20 Czech BBTs, p ocessed unde a pi o analysis. Indi idual pi o ables can be ound in Appendix
1. The SWA ma ix aims o highligh he mos ep esen ed ac o s, cha ac e ising he clus e o he 20
BBTS. A second aim is o p opose a kind o a hypo he ical “bes BBT” ela ed o he Czech egion. This
Czech ideal BBT should:
Deli e able 2.5
67
• conce n ac i i ies ela ed o ag icul u e and pos -ha es c op ac i i ies, making esou ce om
biomass esidues and was es wi h a high local a ailabili y;
• be unded by Ru al De elopmen Funds (Ope a ional G oups suppo measu e) and unde a
egional geog aphical scale;
• in ol e i s ly ad iso s; esea che s; a me s and p ocesso s, bu also o he kind o playe s;
• ha e a ma u e Technology Readiness Le el (TRL)
• p oduce as main ou come ag onomic inpu ;
• use a echnology highly ela ed o c op esidues and was e o ecycled ma e ial and bio e ining
p ocess (Escoba -Laibach, 2021)
• ensu e a high le el o en i onmen al sus ainabili y, wi h a ele an C sink abili y, and in he
ligh o economic and social issues.
Table 30: Czech SWA ma ix
S ong Fac o Weak Fac o Ambiguous Fac o
NACE
P io i y_1: A1.6Suppo ac i i ies o
ag icul u e and pos -ha es c op ac i i ies
(8)
P io i y_2 A2.1Sil icul u e and o he o es y
ac i i ies, A2.3Ga he ing o wild g owing non-
wood p oduc s (2)
FUNDING
Ru al de elopmen 2014-2020 o
Ope a ional G oups (10) o he (7)
NUM PARTNER
n
TYPE PARTNER
Ad iso (12) ; Resea che (37);
P ocesso o e aile (21), Fa me (14);
o he (19)
FOCUS AREA
P io i y_5 (10) FA 3A:
STATUS
Comple ed (14)
SCOPE
Local & egional (11)
KEY WORD
Ci cula economy, incl. was e, by-p oduc s
and esidues
Fo es y
BBT CATEGORIES
C op esidues and pe ennial plan s F1
(18); Bio e ine ies C2 (15);
Mic obial assis ed p ocessing C1 (3)
FEEDSTOCK
Biomass esidues (9) (al a-al a, o es
esidues)
OUTCOME
Ag onomic inpu (9) (Biocha , e ilze s) B eeding inpu (3)
TRL
TRL 7/8/9 (11) n
MOBILIT Y
S a ic (14)
VALUE CHAIN
3 - High po en ial - Signi ican a isings o
eeds ocks a ailable cu en ly. (19)
C SINK
3 - High po en ial - s ong po en ial o
ca bon seques a ion a he eeds ock and
p oduc le el). (14)
CONDITIONS
n
COMPLEXITY
2 -easy o use / eplica e n
SUST ECO
3 - High po en ial - Expec ed o b ing a
leas 3 signi ican economic bene i s. (13)
SUST SOCIO
n
SUST ENVI
3 - High po en ial - Expec ed o b ing a
leas 3 signi ican en i onmen al bene i s.
(19)
VALUE ADDED
Food/Feed = High (13)
Deli e able 2.5
68
8.4 Towa ds he iden i ica ion o he i s 5 BBTs
8.4.1.1
Regional dynamic ma ix unde common amewo k
The ollowing ma ix o egional dynamics (DYN) was cons uc ed ep esen ing a snapsho o he Czech
Region in e ms o biomass and echnologies, egula ion amewo k, suppo and inancial policies as
well as esea ch and de elopmen sys em.
Table 31: Czech DYN ma ix
8.4.1.2
Techno-Te i o ial Syne gy ma ix
C oss- e e encing he DYN ma ix and SWA ma ix, we can es ima e he consis ency o he
ela ionships among he di e en i ems (BBTs ac o s and e i o ial cha ac e s) in a coe icien ’s
ma ix ( echno- e i o ial syne gy ma ix TTS). Applying hose coe icien s o he op Czech 20 p ojec s
led o es ima e and iden i y he bes 5. The ollowing Sankey cha ep esen s he di ec ions and he
ele ance o he links be ween egional dynamics and BBTs cha ac e is ics, as so om he TTS ma ix
( he ollowing igu e).
BIOMASS AND TECHNOLOGY REGIONAL DYNAMICS
Ag icul u e
la ges ca ego y (7.0%); medium-sized ca ego y (31.9%); smalles
ca ego y (60.0%). ce eals, g een ha es ed c ops (maize and o he
o age c ops), suga and s a chy c ops and oil c ops. Ce eals pe
g ain, whea , co n on he g een, ba ley
Fo es y
coni e ous ees (52.7%), sp uce (31.8%), ollowed by beech
(18.1%), oak (15.6%) and pine (8.1%). wood species
Ag oindus ial sec o
oods u o be e age p oduc ion; coni e ous; s emwood
Biomass a ailabili y
Ce eal g ains, ag icul u al biomass, manu e om li es ock sec o ,
s aw, esidues om s emwood (p ima y and seconda y),
sawdus , ba k and black liquo
Managemen and logis ics o biomass esou ces
anspo and s o age p oblems: many biomasses ela ed
indus ies all unde he au ho i y o di e en minis ies, egional
au ho i ies, o p i a e o ganisa ions, since hei exploi s a e
bo de ing wi h many di e en ju isdic ions.
Bio-based indus y
using biological ex ile was e as a sou ce o ma e ial; con e sion
o was e ying oils in o bac e ial bioplas ics; hea ing pelle s.
Bio-p oduc s a ge ma ke
bio-based ex iles; bio echnology sec o ; Bioplas ics
manu ac u ing; u ni u e
REGULATORY FRAMEWORK
Na ional S a egy/P og amme
The S a e En i onmen al Policy o he Czech Republic (SEP)
SUPPORT AND FINANCIAL POLICIES
Public
Minis y o Ag icul u e Applied Resea ch P og am 2017-2025 ;
Na ional Agency o Ag icul u al Resea ch (NAZV)
P i a e
dono o ganisa ion ( The In e na ional Viseg ad Fund)
R&D sys em
R&D sys em associa ed wi h biomass alo iza ion
The Czech Republic has an ac i e pa icipa ion o Resea ch
Ins i u es and SMEs specialising in ag icul u e esea ch unde he
scope o bioeconomy. The e a e a numbe o Associa ions o like-
en u ed SMEs and o ganisa ions, c ea ing a aluable ne wo k o
collabo a ion be ween specialis s.
Deli e able 2.5
69
Figu e 30: Pai ing BBTs and Dynamic ma ix in a Sankey cha ep esen a ion
The de ails o he elabo a ion and he TTS ma ix a e p esen ed in he ollow Figu e 31.
Figu e 31: The Czech TTS ma ix
F om Figu e 31, we can poin ou ha an ideal BBT in he Czech Republic si ua ion could be ela ed o
he ag icul u al sec o , a he han o es y, and suppo ed by Ru al De elopmen measu es; he mo e
ele an pa ne s a e a me s, playe s om R&D sys em, and ag o-indus y. I could e e o biomass
om ag icul u e i s ly and ago-indus y (less om o es y) as eeds ock. The ou comes a e ocused
on p ima y and ag o-indus y sec o . The cha ac e is ics o he bio-based indus y as well as ma ke
and logis ical aspec s a e o be conside ed as ele an , as well as he en i onmen al sus ainabili y.
Czech Republic
Geog aphical
scope
Ag icul u e Fo es y
P ima y
sec o
Ag oindus ial
sec o
Managemen
and logis ics
Bio-based
indus y
Bio-p oduc s
ma ke
P og ammes
Public
suppo
P i a e
Suppo
R&D
sys em
Re e ence sec o
Funding
Type pa ne
Focus a ea
Geog aphical scale
BBT ca ego ies
Feeds ock
Ou come
TRL
Mobili y
A ailabili y
C sink
Sus eco
Sus socio
Sus en i
Value added
Ve y high High Medium Low N

Deli e able 2.5
70
Using he coe icien s se in TTS ma ix, each o he Czech op 20 BBTS ha e been es ima ed in he ligh
o iden i y he 5 Bes BBTs. The ollowing able 32 p oposes he lis o he op 5 BBTS o de ed by sco e.
Table 32: Czech 5 bes BBTs
The i e selec ed BBTSs o he Czech Republic ocus on key challenges ela ed o soil heal h, wa e
esou ce conse a ion, sus ainable ag icul u al p ac ices, and e icien biomass u iliza ion. These
inno a ions o e p ac ical solu ions o imp o ing esou ce e iciency and en i onmen al sus ainabili y
in he egion.
The i s wo p ojec s, CZ106-TH-soil_o ganisms/SOIL and CZ105-QK-po a o-g owing/TATER, add ess
soil managemen and sus ainable c op p oduc ion. The ac i a ion o biocha and diges a e in he i s
p ojec enhances soil e ili y and ca bon seques a ion, while he second p ojec o e s an al e na i e
app oach o plan p o ec ion and e iliza ion, educing he impac on wa e esou ces wi hou
comp omising ag icul u al p oduc i i y.
The DE4-Lignocellulosic Bio e ine y/LIGNO p ojec con ibu es o ci cula bioeconomy e o s by
ans o ming lignocellulosic esidues such as meadow g ass, wood, and s aw in o aluable
biop oduc s. I s in eg a ion in o a m ope a ions suppo s sus ainable was e managemen and
enewable ene gy gene a ion.
The IT2-FABER/FABER p ojec ocuses on biocha p oduc ion om o es biomass, p o iding an
e ec i e solu ion o managing o es y esidues while con ibu ing o clima e change mi iga ion
h ough ca bon seques a ion and imp o ed soil heal h. Gi en he signi ican o es ed a eas in he
Czech Republic, his app oach aligns well wi h egional esou ce managemen s a egies.
The FR12-SeCoPPA/ALFLF p ojec enhances he e iciency o al al a d ying using enewable ene gy
sou ces. By u ilizing sola powe , wood esidues, and elec ici y, his inno a ion imp o es eed
p oduc ion while making use o a m by-p oduc s such as manu e and sh edded wood, suppo ing
sus ainabili y in li es ock a ming.
The selec ion o hese BBTs e lec s a s ong emphasis on p ac ical applica ion, egional adap abili y,
and en i onmen al bene i s. The selec ed BBTs a e complemen a y o he cha ac e is ics o he Czech
Republic mos ly in e ms o a ailable biomass o h ough he compa ibili y o a echnology o
me hodology o he needs and implemen a ion capaci y o he egion. So, while hei anking may no
Region
TTS
Rank
BBT Code Desc ip ion BBT Needs / P oblem s a emen Sco e
CZ 1
CZ106-TH-soil_o ganisms/
SOIL
Me hod and design o equipmen o he ea men
(ac i a ion) o mainly biocha and also diges a e.
E icien use o p ocessed ield by-p oduc s. 7
CZ 2
CZ105-QK-po a o-g owing/
TATER
The inno a ion will be based on a eplacemen o
plan p o ec ion p oduc s and e ilise s by
sus ainable p ocedu es o g owing.
The issue o p o ec ing wa e esou ces while
main aining he compe i i eness o ag icul u al
p oduc ion in hei icini y is qui e complex.
6,83
CZ 3
DE4-Lignocellulosic
Bio e ine y/LIGNO
Anae obic diges ion o a m esidues
(wood, g ass, s aw)
To alo ize he lignocellulosic esidues
(meadow g ass) om a ms in a sus ainable
way.
6,06
CZ 4IT2-FABER/FABER Use o o es biomass o biocha p oduc ion
Fo es biomass and i s managemen o add ess
clima e change and GHG emissions.
5,94
CZ 5FR12-SeCoPPA /ALFLF
Al al a is d ied and g anula ed using a d ye powe ed
by sola ene gy, wood esidues and elec ici y
challenges in e icien ly d ying al al a o
animal eed, and a need o u ilize manu e and
sh edded wood om hedge ows
5,88
Deli e able 2.5
71
ully align wi h con en ional assessmen models, hei ele ance o he speci ic condi ions and needs
o he Czech Republic highligh s hei po en ial o e ec i e implemen a ion in he bioeconomy sec o .
The Czech Republic membe s o he BBioNe s p ojec ad iso y boa d (Ad iso y Boa d - BBioNe s)
alida ed he “Region-speci ic p io i isa ion lis o Bio-Based Technologies and p ac ices”.
Acco ding o AB he lis o op 20 mos sui able BBTs con en many impo an p ojec s o he egion
such as FR17-Py og een/PYROG, HU7-REFERTIL/3RZRO, CZ103-TJ-G ow_media/GROW, bu hey a e
ag eeing wi h he bes op 5 BBTs. Abou possible implemen a ion o e he nex i e yea s, he AB
belie es ha i could be possible.
Deli e able 2.5
72
9 Re e ences
Ai Sai , A.; Kansou, K.; Michaud, F.; Ca hala, B. Mul ic i e ia De ini ion o Small-Scale Bio e ine ies
Based on a S a is ical Classi ica ion. Sus ainabili y 2021, 13, 7310.h ps://doi.o g/10.3390/su13137310
BE-Ru al (2019) ‘D2.1: Repo on new echnology op ions Small-scale echnology op ions o egional
bioeconomies’ h ps://be- u al.eu/wp-con en /uploads/2019/10/BE-Ru al_D2.1_Small
scale_ echnology_op ions.pd
CREA (2024) DELIVERABLE D2.1 Me hodological amewo k o knowledge compila ion, BBioNe s
p ojec
CTA (2024) DELIVERABLE D2.4 High-le el s udy o egional dynamics o he use o Bio based
Technologies (BBTs), BBioNe s p ojec
De Buck V, Sba ciog M., Polanska M. and Van Impe JF (2022) ‘Assessing he Local Biowas e Po en ial o
Ru al and De eloped A eas Using GIS-Da a and Clus e ing Techniques: Towa ds a Decision Suppo
Tool.’ F on . Chem. Eng. 4:825045. h ps://doi.o g/10.3389/ ceng.2022.825045
Escoba E., Laibach N, (2021) Sus ainabili y check o bio-based echnologies: A e iew o p ocess-
based and li e cycle app oaches, Renewable and Sus ainable Ene gy Re iews, Volume 135,
h ps://doi.o g/10.1016/j. se .2020.110213
Eu opean commission. (2012) ‘A Eu opean s a egy o Key Enabling Technologies – a b idge o g ow h
and jobs.’ p. 1–18. EUR-Lex - 52012DC0341 - EN - EUR-Lex (eu opa.eu)
Eu opean Commission. (2018). ‘Re- inding Indus y De ining Inno a ion Repo o he independen
High-Le el G oup on indus ial echnologies Resea ch and Inno a ion.’
h ps://doi.o g/10.2777/475890
Laibach, N., Bö ne , J., & B ö ing, S. (2019). ‘Explo ing he u u e o he bioeconomy: An expe -based
scoping s udy examining key enabling echnology ields wi h po en ial o os e he ansi ion owa d
a bio-based economy.’, Technology in Socie y Vlol. 58. h ps://doi.o g/10.1016/j. echsoc.2019.03.001
MTU (2024), DELIVERABLE D2.2 BBTs Assessmen Tool – 1, BBioNe s p ojec
Deli e able 2.5
73
Appendix 1 BBTs Pi o analysis scheme
I aly
Re e ence sec o
I aly Top 20 BBTs
A1.2G owing o pe ennial c ops
1
A1.6Suppo ac i i ies o ag icul u e and pos -ha es c op ac i i ies 17
A2.1Sil icul u e and o he o es y ac i i ies
2
To al
20
Funding
I aly Top 20 BBTs
O he EU esea ch unds
3
O he u al de elopmen unds
2
Ru al de elopmen 2014-2020 o Ope a ional G oups (in he sense o A 56 o
Reg.1305/2013) 15
To al
20
Num. Pa ne
I aly Top 20 BBTs
3
1
4
4
5
2
6
7
7
2
8
1
10
1
11
2
To al
20
Type o pa ne
I aly Top 20 BBTs
Fa me
21
Ad iso
14
Resea che
35
NGO (en , clima e,…)
3
P ocesso o e aile
16
Focus A ea
I aly Top 20 BBTs
FA 1A: Fos e ing inno a ion, coope a ion and he de elopmen o he knowledge
base in u al a eas 1
FA 1B: S eng hening he links be ween ag icul u e, ood p oduc ion and o es y
and esea ch and inno a ion 6
FA 2A: Imp o ing he economic pe o mance o all a ms and acili a ing a m
es uc u ing and mode nisa ion 3
FA 3A: Imp o ing compe i i eness o p ima y p oduce s by be e in eg a ing hem
in o he ag i- ood chain 1
FA 4B: Imp o ing wa e managemen ;
1
FA 4C: P e en ing soil e osion and imp o ing soil managemen .
2
Deli e able 2.5
80
2 -easy o use / eplica e
7
3 -complex applica ion
4
(blank)
6
To al
20
Sus Eco
I eland Top 20 BBTs
2 - Medium po en ial - Expec ed o b ing 2 o 1 economic bene i s.
7
3 - High po en ial - Expec ed o b ing a leas 3 signi ican economic
bene i s.
9
(blank)
4
To al
20
Sus Socio
I eland Top 20 BBTs
1 - Low po en ial - doesn' b ing any social bene i s.
1
2 - Medium po en ial -Expec ed o b ing 2 o 1 social bene i s.
13
3 - High po en ial - Expec ed o b ing a leas 3 signi ican social
bene i s.
2
(blank)
4
To al
20
Sus En i
I eland Top 20 BBTs
2 - Medium po en ial - Expec ed o b ing 2 o 1 en i onmen al bene i s.
2
3 - High po en ial - Expec ed o b ing a leas 3 signi ican
en i onmen al bene i s.
14
(blank)
4
To al
20
Value added
I eland Top 20 BBTs
Ene gy & Hea = Ve y low
7
Food/Feed = High
13
To al
20
Value chain
I eland Top 20 BBTs
2 - Medium po en ial - Signi ican a ailabili y o eeds ocks a ailable by
2035.
3
3 - High po en ial - Signi ican a isings o eeds ocks a ailable cu en ly.
17
To al
20

Deli e able 2.5
81
Spain
Re e ence sec o
Spain Top 20 BBTs
A1.2G owing o pe ennial c ops
4
A1.6Suppo ac i i ies o ag icul u e and pos -ha es c op ac i i ies
14
A2.1Sil icul u e and o he o es y ac i i ies
1
A2.4Suppo se ices o o es y
1
To al
20
Funding
Spain Top 20 BBTs
O he EU esea ch unds
1
O he u al de elopmen unds
3
Ru al de elopmen 2014-2020 o Ope a ional G oups (in he sense o A
56 o Reg.1305/2013)
15
O he public (na ional, egional) esea ch unds
1
To al
20
Num. Pa ne
Spain Top 20 BBTs
3
2
4
3
5
4
6
3
7
2
8
4
1
1
(blank)
1
To al
20
Type o pa ne
Spain Top 20 BBTs
Fa me
21
Ad iso
13
Resea che
32
NGO (en , clima e,…)
1
P ocesso o e aile
14
Public Au ho i y + LAG
3
O he
9
Focus A ea
Spain Top 20 BBTs
FA 1A: Fos e ing inno a ion, coope a ion and he de elopmen o he
knowledge base in u al a eas
1
FA 1B: S eng hening he links be ween ag icul u e, ood p oduc ion and
o es y and esea ch and inno a ion
6
FA 2A: Imp o ing he economic pe o mance o all a ms and acili a ing
a m es uc u ing and mode nisa ion
1
FA 3A: Imp o ing compe i i eness o p ima y p oduce s by be e
in eg a ing hem in o he ag i- ood chain
0
FA 4A: Res o ing, p ese ing and enhancing biodi e si y
1
Deli e able 2.5
82
FA 4B: Imp o ing wa e managemen .
1
FA 4C: P e en ing soil e osion and imp o ing soil managemen .
2
FA 5C: Facili a ing he supply and use o enewable sou ces o ene gy
2
FA 5D: Reducing g eenhouse gas and ammonia emissions om
ag icul u e;
3
FA 5E: Fos e ing ca bon conse a ion and seques a ion in ag icul u e and
o es y
3
To al
20
S a us
Spain Top 20 BBTs
Comple ed
10
Ongoing
10
To al
20
Geog aphical scale
Spain Top 20 BBTs
Local
3
Na ional
2
Regional
15
To al
20
Key Wo d
Spain Top 20 BBTs
Ci cula economy, incl. was e, by-p oduc s and esidues
10
Ene gy
1
Ou doo ho icul u e and woody c ops (incl. i icul u e,oli es, ui ,
o namen als)
3
Plan nu ien s
1
Soil
2
Clima e change (incl. GHG educ ion, adap a ion andmi iga ion, and o he
ai ela ed issues)
1
Food secu i y, sa e y, quali y, p ocessing and nu i ion
1
Ag o-ecology
1
To al
20
BBT ca ego ies
Spain Top 20 BBTs
C op esidues and pe ennial plan s F1
16
Designe c ops o op imised biomass con en F2
2
Algae biomass F3
2
Was e o ecycled ma e ial FC
8
Mic obial assis ed p ocessing C1
5
Bio e ine ies C2
12
Feeds ock
Spain Top 20 BBTs
Biomass
3
Biomass esidues
13
Was es
4
To al
20
Deli e able 2.5
83
Ou come
Spain Top 20 BBTs
Ag onomic inpu
10
Biocha
3
Bios imulan s
1
Compos
1
Fe ilize
4
O ganic e luen compos .
1
Bioca bu an
1
Ac i ia ed ca bon o wa e ea men
1
Bio uels
2
hea p oduc ion
1
Syngas
1
B eeding inpu
4
eed and bioma e ials
1
Feed
1
ood, eed and bioma e ials
2
Na u al addi i es
3
e men ed apple juice
1
d ied ui ea and spices
1
he bal in usions and na u al ood addi i es
1
To al
20
TRL
Spain Top 20 BBTs
TRL 3 – expe imen al p oo o concep
1
TRL 4 – echnology alida ed in lab
2
TRL 5 – echnology alida ed in ele an en i onmen (indus ially ele an
en i onmen in he case o key enabling echnologies)
3
TRL 6 – echnology demons a ed in ele an en i onmen (indus ially
ele an en i onmen in he case o key enabling echnologies)
2
TRL 7 – sys em p o o ype demons a ion in ope a ional en i onmen
4
TRL 8 – sys em comple e and quali ied
1
TRL 9 – ac ual sys em p o en in ope a ional en i onmen (compe i i e
manu ac u ing in he case o key enabling echnologies; o in space)
1
(blank)
6
To al
20
Mobili y
Spain Top 20 BBTs
Mobile
12
S a ic
8
To al
20
C SINK
Spain Top 20 BBTs
1 - Low po en ial - low po en ial o ca bon seques a ion
6
2 - Medium po en ial - s ong po en ial o ca bon seques a ion a he
eeds ock o p oduc le el only.
6
3 - High po en ial - s ong po en ial o ca bon seques a ion a he
eeds ock and p oduc le el).
8
To al
20
Deli e able 2.5
84
Complexi y
Spain Top 20 BBTs
1 - e y easy o use/ eplica e
3
2 -easy o use / eplica e
9
3 -complex applica ion
6
(blank)
2
To al
20
Sus Eco
Spain Top 20 BBTs
2 - Medium po en ial - Expec ed o b ing 2 o 1 economic bene i s.
10
3 - High po en ial - Expec ed o b ing a leas 3 signi ican economic
bene i s.
10
To al
20
Sus Socio
Spain Top 20 BBTs
1 - Low po en ial - doesn' b ing any social bene i s.
7
2 - Medium po en ial -Expec ed o b ing 2 o 1 social bene i s.
10
3 - High po en ial - Expec ed o b ing a leas 3 signi ican social bene i s.
3
To al
20
Sus En i
Spain Top 20 BBTs
2 - Medium po en ial - Expec ed o b ing 2 o 1 en i onmen al bene i s.
3
3 - High po en ial - Expec ed o b ing a leas 3 signi ican en i onmen al
bene i s.
17
To al
20
Value added
Spain Top 20 BBTs
Bioplas ics & Polyme s = In e media e
2
Bulk Chemicals & Fuels = Low
4
Ene gy & Hea = Ve y low
5
Fine chemicals = Ve y high
1
Food/Feed = High
8
To ale complessi o
20
Value chain
Spain Top 20 BBTs
2 - Medium po en ial - Signi ican a ailabili y o eeds ocks a ailable by
2035.
5
3 - High po en ial - Signi ican a isings o eeds ocks a ailable cu en ly.
15
Deli e able 2.5
85
Poland
Re e ence sec o
Poland Top 20 BBTs
A1.1G owing o non-pe ennial c ops
1
A1.2G owing o pe ennial c ops
3
A1.4Animal p oduc ion
2
A1.6Suppo ac i i ies o ag icul u e and pos -ha es c op
ac i i ies
14
To al
20
Funding
Poland Top 20 BBTs
O he EU esea ch unds
1
Ru al de elopmen 2014-2020 o Ope a ional G oups (in he
sense o A 56 o Reg.1305/2013) 16
O he public (na ional, egional) esea ch unds
3
To al
20
Num. Pa ne
Poland Top 20 BBTs
1
2
2
1
3
2
4
2
5
3
6
5
7
1
8
1
9
1
(blank)
2
To al
20
Type o pa ne
Poland Top 20 BBTs
Fa me
20
Fo es e
0
Ad iso
9
Resea che
28
NGO (en , clima e,)
1
P ocesso o e aile
16
Public Au ho i y + LAG
0
O he
6
Focus A ea
Poland Top 20 BBTs
FA 1A: Fos e ing inno a ion, coope a ion and he de elopmen
o he knowledge base in u al a eas 1
FA 1B: S eng hening he links be ween ag icul u e, ood
p oduc ion and o es y and esea ch and inno a ion 4
FA 2A: Imp o ing he economic pe o mance o all a ms and
acili a ing a m es uc u ing and mode nisa ion 4

Deli e able 2.5
86
FA 3A: Imp o ing compe i i eness o p ima y p oduce s by
be e in eg a ing hem in o he ag i- ood chain 2
FA 5C: Facili a ing he supply and use o enewable sou ces o
ene gy 1
FA 5D: Reducing g eenhouse gas and ammonia emissions om
ag icul u e. 3
FA 5E: Fos e ing ca bon conse a ion and seques a ion in
ag icul u e and o es y 5
To al
20
S a us
Poland Top 20 BBTs
Comple ed
13
Ongoing
7
To al
20
Geog aphical scale
Poland Top 20 BBTs
Local
2
Na ional
5
Regional
13
To al
20
Key Wo d
Poland Top 20 BBTs
Ci cula economy, incl. was e, by-p oduc s and esidues
9
Ene gy
1
Ou doo ho icul u e and woody c ops (incl. i icul u e, oli es,
ui , o namen als) 1
Plan nu ien s
3
Clima e change (incl. GHG educ ion, adap a ion and mi iga ion,
and o he ai ela ed issues) 2
Food secu i y, sa e y, quali y, p ocessing and nu i ion
2
Ag o-ecology
1
Fodde and eed
1
To al
20
BBT ca ego ies
Poland Top 20 BBTs
C op esidues and pe ennial plan s F1
13
Designe c ops o op imised biomass con en F2
3
Algae biomass F3
1
Was e o ecycled ma e ial FC
10
Mic obial assis ed p ocessing C1
7
Bio e ine ies C2
10
Feeds ock
Poland Top 20 BBTs
Biomass
4
Biomass esidues
9
Was es
7
To al
20
Deli e able 2.5
87
Ou come
Poland Top 20 BBTs
Ag onomic inpu
9
Biocha
2
Compos
1
Fe ilize
6
Bio uels
1
Syngas
1
B eeding inpu
4
eed and bioma e ials
1
bedding li e o cows
1
ood, eed and bioma e ials
2
Na u al addi i es
6
ui inega
1
pu ee
1
Feed o animals; cosme ics and nu aceu icals
1
e men ed apple juice
1
eed supplemen
1
he bal in usions and na u al ood addi i es
1
To al
20
TRL
Poland Top 20 BBTs
TRL 3 – expe imen al p oo o concep
2
TRL 4 – echnology alida ed in lab
1
TRL 6 – echnology demons a ed in ele an en i onmen
(indus ially ele an en i onmen in he case o key enabling
echnologies)
2
TRL 7 – sys em p o o ype demons a ion in ope a ional
en i onmen
2
TRL 8 – sys em comple e and quali ied
1
TRL 9 – ac ual sys em p o en in ope a ional en i onmen
(compe i i e manu ac u ing in he case o key enabling
echnologies; o in space)
2
(blank)
10
To al
20
Mobili y
Poland Top 20 BBTs
Mobile
6
S a ic
13
(blank)
1
To al
20
C SINK
Poland Top 20 BBTs
1 - Low po en ial - low po en ial o ca bon seques a ion
4
2 - Medium po en ial - s ong po en ial o ca bon seques a ion
a he eeds ock o p oduc le el only. 2
3 - High po en ial - s ong po en ial o ca bon seques a ion a
he eeds ock and p oduc le el). 14
To al
20
Deli e able 2.5
88
Complexi y
Poland Top 20 BBTs
1 - e y easy o use/ eplica e
1
2 -easy o use / eplica e
7
3 -complex applica ion
6
(blank)
6
To al
20
Sus Eco
Poland Top 20 BBTs
1 - Low po en ial - doesn' b ing any economic bene i s.
0
2 - Medium po en ial - Expec ed o b ing 2 o 1 economic
bene i s.
7
3 - High po en ial - Expec ed o b ing a leas 3 signi ican
economic bene i s. 11
(blank)
2
To al
20
Sus Socio
Poland Top 20 BBTs
1 - Low po en ial - doesn' b ing any social bene i s.
3
2 - Medium po en ial -Expec ed o b ing 2 o 1 social bene i s.
13
3 - High po en ial - Expec ed o b ing a leas 3 signi ican social
bene i s. 2
(blank)
2
To al
20
Sus En i
Poland Top 20 BBTs
2 - Medium po en ial - Expec ed o b ing 2 o 1 en i onmen al
bene i s. 3
3 - High po en ial - Expec ed o b ing a leas 3 signi ican
en i onmen al bene i s. 15
(blank)
2
To al
20
Value added
Poland Top 20 BBTs
Bioplas ics & Polyme s = In e media e
0
Ene gy & Hea = Ve y low
4
Food/Feed = High
16
To ale complessi o
20
Value chain
Poland Top 20 BBTs
2 - Medium po en ial - Signi ican a ailabili y o eeds ocks
a ailable by 2035. 2
3 - High po en ial - Signi ican a isings o eeds ocks a ailable
cu en ly. 18
To al
20
Deli e able 2.5
89
G eece
Re e ence sec o G eece Top 20 BBTs
A1.2G owing o pe ennial c ops
4
A1.6Suppo ac i i ies o ag icul u e and pos -ha es c op ac i i ies 16
To al
20
Funding G eece Top 20 BBTs
O he EU esea ch unds
3
O he u al de elopmen unds
3
Ru al de elopmen 2014-2020 o Ope a ional G oups (in he sense o A 56 o
Reg.1305/2013) 14
To al
20
Num. Pa ne G eece Top 20 BBTs
1
2
2
1
3
2
4
5
5
3
6
3
7
2
8
2
To al
20
Type o pa ne G eece Top 20 BBTs
Fa me
21
Ad iso
14
Resea che
30
NGO (en , clima e,)
1
P ocesso o e aile
9
Public Au ho i y + LAG
3
O he
3
Focus A ea G eece Top 20 BBTs
FA 1A: Fos e ing inno a ion, coope a ion and he de elopmen o he
knowledge base in u al a eas 1
FA 1B: S eng hening he links be ween ag icul u e, ood p oduc ion and
o es y and esea ch and inno a ion 5
FA 2A: Imp o ing he economic pe o mance o all a ms and acili a ing a m
es uc u ing and mode nisa ion 4
FA 3A: Imp o ing compe i i eness o p ima y p oduce s by be e in eg a ing
hem in o he ag i- ood chain 2
Deli e able 2.5
96
Mobili y Czech Republic Top
20 BBTs
Mobile
5
S a ic
14
(blank)
1
To al
20
C SINK
Czech Republic Top
20 BBTs
2 - Medium po en ial - s ong po en ial o ca bon seques a ion a he
eeds ock o p oduc le el only. 6
3 - High po en ial - s ong po en ial o ca bon seques a ion a he
eeds ock and p oduc le el). 14
To al
20
Complexi y
Czech Republic Top
20 BBTs
1 - e y easy o use/ eplica e
4
2 -easy o use / eplica e
5
3 -complex applica ion
6
(blank)
5
To al
20
Sus Eco Czech Republic Top
20 BBTs
2 - Medium po en ial - Expec ed o b ing 2 o 1 economic bene i s.
6
3 - High po en ial - Expec ed o b ing a leas 3 signi ican economic
bene i s. 13
(blank)
1
To al
20
Sus Socio
Czech Republic Top
20 BBTs
1 - Low po en ial - doesn' b ing any social bene i s.
6
2 - Medium po en ial -Expec ed o b ing 2 o 1 social bene i s.
7
3 - High po en ial - Expec ed o b ing a leas 3 signi ican social bene i s. 6
(blank)
1
To al
20
Sus En i Czech Republic Top
20 BBTs
3 - High po en ial - Expec ed o b ing a leas 3 signi ican en i onmen al
bene i s. 19
(blank)
1
To al
20

Deli e able 2.5
97
Value added Czech Republic Top
20 BBTs
Bioplas ics & Polyme s = In e media e
2
Ene gy & Hea = Ve y low
5
Food/Feed = High
13
To ale complessi o
20
Value chain
Czech Republic Top
20 BBTs
2 - Medium po en ial - Signi ican a ailabili y o eeds ocks a ailable by
2035. 1
3 - High po en ial - Signi ican a isings o eeds ocks a ailable cu en ly. 19
To al
20
Deli e able 2.5
98
Annex 1 Vademecum Ques ionnai e
VADEMECUM QUESTIONNAIRE FOR ECONOMIC ITEMS INTERVIEW UNDER INVENTORY
GATHERING
Task 2.1 "BBioNe s in en o y and knowledge collec ion"
Objec i e de ini ion
To analyse he egional dynamics o he bioeconomy and assess he cos -e ec i eness o di e en Bio-
based echnologies o a me s and o es e s in he ask 2.2.
This ademecum aims o add ess a speci ic c i ical issue ega ding he collec ion o economic
in o ma ion wi hin he In en o y p epa ed in T2.1. The a ge is hen o de e mine he economic
a iables o be used in he assessmen model.
The cu en p oposal aims o collec some economic a iables ela ed o BBT s a up o managemen
(e.g., in es men cos o ROI). Howe e , based on he p ac ice and eedback ga he ed so a , collec ing
hese i ems and hen illing in he ele an ields o he in en o y could p o e c i ical. Wi h his in mind,
he wo king eam p oposes se e al ou es o p oceed in es ima ing he economic magni udes o a BBT
om he pe spec i e o he assessmen model p oposed in Task 2.4.
S akeholde engagemen
Fi s iden i y he a ge s akeholde s o be in e iewed, based on he ype o in o ma ion o be
ga he ed.
In e iew me hodology
P e e ed me hodology include: 1. Face- o- ace in e iews (CAPI o online pla o m), 2. elephone
in e iew (CATI) 3. Google o ma (CAWI)
Communica ions o pa icipan s
Con ac in e iewees in ad ance o schedule an appoin men .
A his s age, p o ide he ques ionnai e o esponden s in ad ance, allowing hem ime o p epa e
ele an ma e ials o he in e iew (e.g., cos s).
Deli e able 2.5
99
Backg ound
The ollowing able p o ides me a explana ions o he economic a iables al eady included in he
In en o y o ma , along wi h newly p oposed a iables aimed a add essing exis ing in o ma ion gaps.
Economic a iables New a iables p oposed
Equipmen main enance
cos
In es men cos
Ope a ing cos s
Re u n on in es men
Supply Value: p ice ha he bio-
based echnology owne (biop oduc
manu ac u e ) would pay o buy o ake o hands a onne o biomass
p oduced/gene a ed om he a me / o es e .
Sub oga ion alue. p ice o he biop oduc ha he bio-based echnology
owne would manu ac u e and eplace a cu en p oduc (example, p ice
o he bio e ilize ha will eplace he cu en e ilise ).
Conduc ing he in e iew
1. Choosing he app oach
F om he i s con ac o scheduling an appoin men , one can gauge he ype o in o ma ion he
esponden may possess and, acco dingly, assess hei le el o help ulness. Based on his eedback, he
in e iewe can imp o e o change (adjus ?) he in e iew s a egy. Does he esponden seem o ha e
a clea ison o BBT and cos s?
 Does he esponden seem o know mo e abou he GO p ojec han he BBT?
 Does he esponden seem o ha e a possible ma ke knowledge o he BBT?
 Does he esponden seem o ha e knowledge o simila BBT?
We wan o highligh ha he main ou e is he ga he ing all he in en o y a iables, also using he
ques ions al eady in place (see Box).
BOX - ques ions al eady in place
2.1.6 How much does equipmen main enance cos (€/yea )? ( ange, e.g., €1,000 o €5,000)
2.1.7 How much was he in es men cos (M€)? ≤1 M€ = e y low; - 1 - 5 M€ = low; - 5 - 9 M€ =
in e media e; - 9 - 50 M€ = high; - ≥ 50 M€ = e y high
2.1.8 Wha a e he ope a ing cos s (€)? ( ange o alues, e.g., €1,000 o €5,000)
2.1.9 Wha is he e u n on in es men (€) and in how many yea s could i be achie ed? ( ange o
alues e.g., om €1,000 o €5,000)
Howe e , he collec ion o economic in o ma ion om ac o s in he ield is o en incomple e and
di icul , i no c i ical. Ne e heless, i is c ucial o add ess he gap in economic in o ma ion. This
becomes peculia ly ele an in he assessmen model. In his ligh , we p opose, i he main ou e is no
possible o ake, o ge o quan i y some economic aspec s ela ed o he adop ion o a BBT in each
Deli e able 2.5
100
case. The mul ic i e ia mechanism will allow la e in he assessmen model o handle his in o ma ion
albei o a di e en na u e.
We p opose wo ypes o es ima ion ou es: he i s one ha e he goal o p o ide a alue o he cos
o in es men and he ROI (Fo wa d ou es); he second ypes a e ocused on he assessmen o la e al
in o ma ion, as well as he p ice o eeds ock o he p ice o a subs i u ional p oduc s. He e he
possible ou es o ill he in o gap a e p esen ed.
Possible Rou es o ill he in o gaps
Fo wa d ou es
- To acili a e he cap u e o in o ma ion,
p o ide ancho in es men cos (p oxy) (e.g
simila in es men s)
- To assign a weigh o BBT wi hin he o al OG
in es men s (e.g., 1 o 3).
-
To submi o con i ma ion a BBT cos
es ima e made by he wo k eam (ex-an e
es ima ion)
La e al ou es
- Supply Value: es ima e he p ice ha he bio-
based echnology owne would pay o buy he
Bio inpu s.
- Sub oga ion
alue. p ice o a eplacemen
p oduc (e.g., p ice o a bio e ilize s cu en
e ilise ).
No all ou es ha e he same eliabili y and consis ency. The eam compa ed he eliabili y o hese
ou es and p io i ized hem. The p io i iza ion alue was es ima ed by a simpli ied do o ing
p ocedu e, ollowing Caglie o e al. 2023 and Am hein, 2019.
Du ing he p epa a ion o CAP S a egic Plan 2023-27, I aly de eloped a speci ic, highly pa icipa i e
p ocess o assigning di e en le els o p io i y o he iden i ied e i o ial needs, s a ing om a
Cumula i e Vo ing (CV) app oach. Cumula i e Vo ing is a simple and anspa en me hod o
p io i ising a lis o i ems and, acco ding o he li e a u e, o e s se e al ad an ages. In he p ocedu e,
Deli e able 2.5
101
pa icipan s use a limi ed numbe o o es1, o bias he indica ion, and wi hou knowing he o es o
o he pa icipan s, o a oid some known biases.
The esul s om he o ing phase a e:
2. P epa ing ma e ials
Depending on he ou e chosen, some ma e ials need o be p epa ed.
E.g, i con i ma ion o an es ima e made by he eam is sough , he es ima e mus be made and
checked. In he case o su oga e p icing, i is bes o know simila BBTs and ha e an idea o he ma ke
o compa able solu ions. In he case, o example, o weighing ou e, i is necessa y o ge all he
in o ma ion abou he GO, budge , and ac i i ies, o help he esponden in he es ima ion.
3. Examples o in e iew ques ions
Filling di ec ly he In en o y.
Do you ha e a cash low o in e en ion?
Could you p o ide a alue o he in es men
made, e en a ange?
Can you es ima e he ROI o he in e en ion,
e en a ange?
Su oga e p icing ou e
A e simila p oduc s a ailable in he ma ke ?
Do you know o simila BBT expe iences?
Do you ha e an idea o simila p oduc s p ices?
P oxy ou e
A e simila BBTs a ailable on he ma ke ?
Do you know o simila BBT expe iences?
Do you know p ices o simila BBT o simila
in es men s?
Supply p icing ou e
Is in o ma ion on he eeds ock ma ke p ice
a ailable?
Do you know you po en ial needs o ough
ma e ials?
Is i possible o make an es ima e o ansac ion
cos s?
Ex an e es ima ion ou e
Do you know o simila expe iences?
Is he BBT now in place?
Weigh ing ou e
Do you know he o e all GO budge ?
1 N Do = (T/2*T)/P
whe e T is he numbe o issues o opics, in he p esen analysis he numbe o e i o ial needs, P is he numbe
o pa icipan s and N is he numbe o do s equi ed o each pe son. In ou case, we ha e 5 i ems and 5
esponden s, wi h each 2 o es.
P oxy
Ex an e
es ima ion
Su oga e
p icing
Supply
p icing
Weigh ing

Deli e able 2.5
102
Can you con i m a cos es ima e in his ange?
How much migh his speci ic BBT weigh on he
p ojec ?
Can we make a cos es ima e, in e en
pe cen age e ms?
Deli e able 2.5
103
Documen in o ma ion
Ti le
BBioNe s –
C ea ion and p omo ion o Fo es and
Ag icul u e Ne wo ks o boos Bio-Based
Technologies adop ion and Value Chain de elopmen
(GA No 101133904)
S a – end da e
1/11/2023 – 31/10/2026 (36 mon hs)
P ojec ype
Coo dina ion and Suppo Ac ion
P og amme
Ho izon Eu ope – Clus e 6
Funding
1,998,636.20 €
Coo dina o
Muns e Technological Uni e si y
Ms. Ca men Gi ón Domínguez
(ca men.dominguez@m u.ie)
P ojec o e iew
BBioNe s cons i u es a hema ic ne wo k ha elies
on, p omo es, and u he ad ances he wo k ca ied
ou by EIP-
AGRI Ope a ional G oups (OGs) wi h
espec o
managemen and/o p ocessing o
ag icul u al and o es biomass wi h Bio-Based
Technologies (BBTs)
. The p ojec has se up 6
egional Fo es and Ag icul u e Ne wo ks – FANs (IE,
ES, IT, EL, PL, CZ) ha iden i y local needs, p io i ise
speci ic BBTs and sha e BBT knowledge eady o
p ac ice o a me s and o es e s, boos ing he
( e)de ini ion o alue chains, s imula ing c oss-
e ilisa ion beyond bo de s, and b inging Eu ope o
he o e on o a ming, o es y and bioeconomy
wi h economically iable and sus ainable p ac ices.
Conso ium
@bbione s-eu.bsky.social
P4081TB12bA#y1
[email p o ec ed]
P4054TB19bA#y1
www.bbione s.eu
P408 T 0bA#y
/bbione s-eu
P408 T bA#y
/bbione s.eu
P408 T bA#y
@bbione s_eu
P4083T 3bA#y
@bbione s_eu
P4083T 4bA#y
@BBioNe sE
U