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¿SABES DAR ÓRDENES, CONSEJOS,
PROHIBIR O ADVERTIR EN INGLÉS?. ¿CÓMO
EXPRESAMOS LA OBLIGACIÓN EN INGLÉS?
PRIMERA LENGUA EXTRANJERA: INGLÉS 4º ESO
PRESENTACIÓN
En es e p oyec o amos a ap ende a da ó denes en inglés, o ece consejos,
o mula p ohibiciones y exp esa ad e encias po medio de dis in as o mas
lingüís icas como los e bos modales y los impe a i os, así como a en ende es as
unciones comunica i as en si uaciones de la ida co idiana elacionadas con los
medios de anspo e y los iajes. Además, es ablece emos compa aciones con las
o mas lingüís icas que empleamos en lengua cas ellana o en la lengua de la
comunidad au ónoma en con ex os simila es, es ableciendo semejanzas y
di e encias con las que se usan en inglés. El obje i o inal es que ealicéis un ideo
de TikTok en g upos en el que esceni iquéis diálogos elacionados con los medios
de anspo e y los iajes en los cuales u ilicéis e in e p e éis adecuadamen e los
dis in os elemen os lingüís icos es udiados, así como las unciones comunica i as
desc i as pa a exp esa obligación en inglés, y que hagáis una b e e explicación de
los mismos, siguiendo una pequeña guía o ecida po el p o eso o la p o eso a.
Le 's s a !
Eg amin - PID2019-105298RB-I00 2
Imagen de shu e s ock.com
DESARROLLO DE LA SECUENCIA DIDÁCTICA
PHASE 1
Session 1 & 2
Ac i i y 1 (wa m up)
A e wa ching he ollowing ideo in YouTube, answe he ollowing ques ions in
you own language.
h ps://www.you ube.com/wa ch? =Tw9A3YYMR58
• Wha does he exp ession “mind he gap” means? Please, look i up in an
online dic iona y.
• Wha is he speake ’s in en ion by saying his exp ession?
✓ Is he commanding lis ene s o mind he gap?
✓ Is he ad ising lis ene s o mind he gap?
✓ Is he p ohibi ing lis ene s o mind he gap?
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✓ Is he wa ning lis ene s o mind he gap?
• Who a e he lis ene s?
• Whe e a e hey?
• Why should lis ene s mind he gap?
• (Op ional) You can ead he s o y behind he “mind he gap” oice a
h ps:// wi e .com/ga ius/s a us/1204795961731629058 . Make a summa y
and b ing i o class.
Ac i i y 2 (in pai s)
Look a he examples below. Indica e who he speake is and he lis ene (s). Then
ci cle he wo d ha exp esses wha he speake is doing.
SITUATION 1
Who is he speake ?
Who is/a e he lis ene (s)?
Wha is he speake doing?
He is COMMANDING (da una o den)
he young man o ake he 12:00pm
bus.
He is ADVISING (aconseja ) he
young man o ake he 12:00pm bus.
Imagen de Adobe S ock File # 457026623
SITUATION 2
Who is he speake ?
Who is/a e he lis ene (s)?
Wha is he speake doing? Can you
desc ibe
he body language?
She is COMMANDING (da una o den) he
iend o buy a bigge sui case.
She is ADVISING (aconseja ) he iend o
buy a bigge sui case.
We should buy a
bigge sui case
You ha e o ake he
12:00pm bus, i you
don’ wan o be la e
Imagen de Adobe S ock File # 318458853
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SITUATION 3
Who is he speake ?
Who is/a e he lis ene (s)?
Wha is he speake doing?
The speake is COMMANDING (da una o den) people
no o dis u b.
The speake is ADVISING (aconseja ) people no o
dis u b.
Imagen de Todd Pea son 200020744-001
SITUATION 4
Who is he speake ?
Who is/a e he lis ene (s)?
Wha is he speake doing?
The speake is COMMANDING (da una o den)
he boy iend o
u n igh .
The speake is ADVISING (aconseja ) he
boy iend o u n igh .
Ac i i y 3 (in pai s)
Comple e he able by looking a he examples in Ac i i y 2.
COMMUNICATIVE
FUNCTION
CONTEXTS
LANGUAGE FORMS
IN ENGLISH
IN SPANISH
X COMMAND
ADVISE
Si ua ion: In he bus,
gi ing di ec ions
Speake : Bus d i e
Lis ene (s): A
passenge o young
man
Ha e o (You ha e o
ake he 12:00pm bus)
Tiene que coge el
au obús de las 12:00pm.
COMMAND
ADVISE
Si ua ion:
Speake :
Lis ene (s):
You mus u n igh o
ake he highway
Imagen de jacoblund 514567290
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COMMAND
ADVISE
Si ua ion:
Speake :
Lis ene (s):
COMMANDING
ADVISING
Si ua ion:
Speake :
Lis ene (s):
Ac i i y 4 (in pai s)
Look a he examples below. Indica e who he speake is and he lis ene (s). Then
ci cle he wo d ha exp esses wha he speake is doing.
Imagen de
h ps://me o.co.uk/2021/09/28/women-
ollowed-lockdown- ules-mo e-closely-
han-men-s udy-shows-15330411/
SITUATION 5
Who is he speake ?
Who is/a e he lis ene (s)?
Wha is he speake doing?
The speake is PROHIBITING (p ohibi ) people
o keep hei dis ance.
The speake is WARNING (ad e i ) people o
keep hei dis ance.
SITUATION 6
Who is he speake ?
Who is/a e he lis ene (s)?
Wha is he speake doing?
She is PROHIBITING (p ohibi ) he a he o
smoke.
She is WARNING (ad e i ) he a he no o
smoke.
You mus n’
smoke he e!
Imagen de Zaba na en Adobe S ock
147837269
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SITUATION 7
Who is he speake ?
Who is/a e he lis ene (s)?
Wha is he speake doing?
The speake is PROHIBITING (p ohibi )
people o c oss acks.
The speake is WARNING (ad e i ) people
no o c oss acks.
SITUATION 8
Who is he speake ?
Who is he lis ene ?
Wha is he speake doing?
The speake is PROHIBITING (p ohibi ) he
man o pa k he e.
The speake is WARNING (ad e i ) he man
no o pa k he e.
ACTIVITY 5 (in pai s)
Comple e he able by looking a he examples in Ac i i y 4.
COMMUNICATIVE
FUNCTION
CONTEXTS
LANGUAGE FORMS
IN ENGLISH
IN SPANISH
PROHIBIT
X WARN
Si ua ion: A he ain
s a ion
Speake : The au ho i y,
he s a a he ain
s a ion
Lis ene (s): Passenge s
Impe a i e o m (Keep
you dis ance)
Man enga o
man engan la
dis ancia.
PROHIBIT
WARN
Si ua ion:
Speake :
Lis ene (s):
PROHIBIT
WARN
Si ua ion:
Speake :
Lis ene (s):
You can’ pa k
he e, si .
Imagen de shu e s ock po Rosema ie
Mos elle 1950144733
Imagen de
h ps://b e podolsky.com/sea ch-and-
seizu e/illegal-sea ch-and-seizu e-in- exas
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PROHIBIT
WARN
Si ua ion:
Speake :
Lis ene (s):
PHASE 2
Sessions 3, 4 & 5
In he p e ious ac i i ies, we ha e seen how speake s command, ad ise, p ohibi ,
and wa n lis ene s in English using di e en linguis ic o ms ac oss si ua ions. Wi h
hese ac i i ies in mind, please do he ac i i ies below.
Ac i i y 6 (in pai s)
PART A. Comple e he con e sa ions by choosing he co ec linguis ic o m(s).
Then answe he ques ions below.
Imagen de lo enzoan onucci en is ockpho o.com
531224069
CONVERSATION 1
Michael: I
_________________________________
(MUST/HAVE TO) ge up ea ly omo ow
o ca ch a ligh .
Will: Yes, de ini ely.
Imagen de
h ps://www.psychologiein hea e .nl/co onadip/
CONVERSATION 2
We _______________ (MUST/HAVE
TO) wea medical masks in he me o.
CONVERSATION 3
Sue on he phone: So a wha ime will you
be home?
Tom: I _________________ (MUST/HAVE
TO) be back home be o e midnigh
acco ding o COVID egula ions.
Imagen de Ma ida en is ockpho o.com 1171649240
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• ¿Po qué has elegido la o ma MUST/HAVE TO en la con e sación 1? ¿Es
posible escoge ambas? Tan o en caso a i ma i o como nega i o, explica po
qué.
• ¿Po qué has elegido la o ma MUST/HAVE TO en la con e sación 2? ¿Es
posible escoge ambas? Tan o en caso a i ma i o como nega i o, explica po
qué.
• ¿Po qué has elegido la o ma MUST/HAVE TO en la con e sación 3? ¿Es
posible escoge ambas? Tan o en caso a i ma i o como nega i o, explica po
qué.
PART B. Now ead he explana ions in he ollowing able, and comple e. Then o e
1 mo e example.
How do we exp ess obliga ion in English?
LANGUAGE
FORMS
MEANING
COMMUNICATIVE
FUNCTION
SITUATIONS
We use
HAVE TO
(In Spanish)
___________
In a i ma i e
o m:
___________
o exp ess
_____________
(s ong,
medium, weak
obliga ion) ha
you canno
a oid
in o de o
_______________
someone o
you sel o do
some hing
Si ua ions:
Regula ions and
no ms; daily
con e sa ions in
which he speake is
an au ho i y igu e o
con e sa ions
be ween equals
EXAMPLES
Example 1: (Mo he o son): You ha e o pick up you sis e om school a 5:00 pm. (The
speake is COMMANDING he son o pick up his sis e ).
Example 2:
__________________________________________________________________________
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Ac i i y 7 (in pai s)
PART A. Comple e he signs and he con e sa ion by choosing he co ec linguis ic
o m(s). Then answe he ques ions below.
SITUATION 4
Imagen de www.pin e es .es
276478864602249155
Please ___________________
(TURN OFF/MUST TURN OFF)
you mobile phones.
SITUATION 5
Imagen de de Caia Image / SCIENCE PHOTO
LIBRARY 897514
Ai s ewa dess: Si ,
_____________________ (FASTEN/YOU
MUST FASTEN) you sea bel , please. We
a e al eady aking o .
SITUATION 6
Imagen de h ps://www. eamcass acing. op/P oduc De ail.aspx?iid=201250308&p =37.88
• ¿Po qué has elegido la o ma IMPERATIVO/MUST en la si uación 4? ¿Es
posible escoge ambas? Tan o en caso a i ma i o como nega i o, explica po
qué.
• ¿Po qué has elegido la o ma IMPERATIVO/MUST en la si uación 5? ¿Es
posible escoge ambas? Tan o en caso a i ma i o como nega i o, explica po
qué.
• ¿Po qué has elegido la o ma HAVE TO/MUST en la si uación 6? ¿Es
I ___________________
(HAVE TO/MUST) espec he
o he passenge s, and lowe he
olume.
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W apping up
PHASE 3
Sessions 6 & 7
Ac i i y 11
PART A (indi idual). Below you can ind he synopsis o he ilm Passenge s
(Pasaje os). Read i ca e ully and hen mo e o Pa b o his ac i i y.
SYNOPSIS
A spaceship is on a 120-yea oyage o colonise a
new plane . The passenge s on boa d will be in
hibe na ion o nea ly all he jou ney. Howe e , a e
only 30 yea s, one o he passenge s, Jim P es on,
wakes up om his hibe na ion due o a mal unc ion in
he spaceship. He ies o go back o hibe na ion, bu
i is impossible. Ou o loneliness and despai , he de-
hibe na es a emale passenge , Au o a. Bo h all in
lo e, and enjoy he spaceship alking o he obo
A hu . The obo ells Au o a ha Jim woke he up,
and she is de as a ed, because she will ne e ge o
li e in he new plane . Finally, Jim disco e s how o
e-hibe na e he bu Au o a decides o s ay wi h him.
VOCABULARY NOTE
• Spaceship: na e espacial.
• Voyage: iaje.
• Colonise: coloniza .
• Hibe na ion: hibe nación.
• Jou ney: ayec o.
• Wake up: despe a se.
• Mal unc ion: mal
uncionamien o.
• De-hibe na es: des-hibe na .
• De as a ed: de as ada.
• Re-hibe na e: e-hibe na .
PART B (in g oups). To become amilia wi h he ilm, wa ch he aile in Spanish a
h ps://www.you ube.com/wa ch? =8JuG 5xI52w. Then w i e a sho dialogue o he
igne e o you g oup wi h a leas h ee language o ms ha exp ess obliga ion
(HAVE TO, IMPERATIVE, MUST, CAN’T, MUSTN’T/MUST NOT, and
SHOULD/SHOULDN’T). Imágenes de Passenge s © Columbia Pic u es
Con ex : Jim and Au o a alk abou he
mal unc ion in he spaceship…
GROUP 1 - DIALOGUE
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Con ex : Jim decides o go ou side in o
space o y o sol e he p oblem o he
spaceship…
GROUP 2 - DIALOGUE
Con ex : Au o a jus disco e ed ha Jim
woke he up…
GROUP 3 - DIALOGUE
Con ex : Au o a sa es Jim and decides
o s ay wi h him…
GROUP 4 - DIALOGUE
PART B (in g oups). Now classi y he language o ms you used acco ding o he
i ems in he able below.
LANGUAGE
FORMS
MEANING
(STRONG, MEDIUM,
WEAK OBLIGATION)
COMMUNICATIVE
FUNCTION
FORMAS
LINGÜÍSTICAS
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Ac i i y 12 (in 4 small g oups). Re ision
PART A. Acco ding o he dialogues in Ac i i y 11, each g oup has o make a TikTok
ideo in class ac ing ou he dialogue (* emembe o b ing clo hes and objec s ha
may be use ul o he scene). G oup membe s should pa icipa e equally in he
con e sa ion. He e you ha e an example.
PART B. Now answe he ques ions in he able in you own language o each
language o m ha you used.
QUESTIONS
• Wha did you wan o exp ess wi h _______________
(language o m 1, 2, 3)?
✓ S ong obliga ion?
✓ Medium obliga ion?
✓ Weak obliga ion?
• Which communica i e unc ion did you wan o pe o m
wi h (language o m 1, 2, 3)?
✓ To command?
✓ To ad ise?
✓ To p ohibi ?
✓ To wa n?
• Who is he speake ? who a e he lis ene s? Is any o
hem an au ho i y igu e? Wha is hei ela ionship?
• Why did you choose _________________ (language
o m 1, 2, 3) as opposed o o he language o ms?
PART C. B ing you g oup ideo o class. Con e sa ions and answe s o he
ques ions will be discussed.
W apping up
We use HAVE TO o exp ess ___________________ (s ong, medium, weak obliga ion) in o de
o ____________________ (command, ad ise, p ohibi , wa n) lis ene s in si ua ions in which:
Regula ions and no ms a e in ol ed
The speake is an au ho i y igu e
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The speake and lis ene a e equals
Fo example: __________________________________________________________________
We use IMPERATIVE o exp ess ________________ (s ong, medium, weak obliga ion) in o de
o ____________________ (command, ad ise, p ohibi , wa n) lis ene s in si ua ions in which:
Regula ions and no ms a e in ol ed
The speake is an au ho i y igu e
The speake and lis ene a e equals
Fo example: __________________________________________________________________
We use MUST o exp ess ______________________ (s ong, medium, weak obliga ion) in o de
o ____________________ (command, ad ise, p ohibi , wa n) lis ene s in si ua ions in which:
Regula ions and no ms a e in ol ed
The speake is an au ho i y igu e
The speake and lis ene a e equals
Fo example: __________________________________________________________________
We use CANNOT/CAN’T o exp ess ____________________(s ong, medium, weak obliga ion)
o p ohibi (command, ad ise, p ohibi , wa n) some hing o lis ene s in si ua ions in which:
Regula ions and no ms a e in ol ed
The speake is an au ho i y igu e
The speake and lis ene a e equals
Fo example: __________________________________________________________________
We use MUST NOT/MUSTN’T o exp ess ________________ (s ong, medium, weak obliga ion)
in o de o ________________ (command, ad ise, p ohibi , wa n) lis ene s in si ua ions in which:
Regula ions and no ms a e in ol ed
The speake is an au ho i y igu e
The speake and lis ene a e equals
Fo example: __________________________________________________________________
We use SHOULD/SHOULDN’T o exp ess _______________ (s ong, medium, weak obliga ion)
in o de o _______________ (command, ad ise, p ohibi , wa n) lis ene s in si ua ions in which:
Regula ions and no ms a e in ol ed
The speake is an au ho i y igu e
The speake and lis ene a e equals
Fo example: __________________________________________________________________
