251
УЎТ: 633.11631.51
INFLUENCE OF CROP ROTATION ON THE GROWTH AND
DEVELOPMENT OF WINTER WHEAT
Ku limu a o a Dil uza Bal abae na,
Ins i u e o ag icul u al and ag o echnologies o Кa akalpaks an
Kudiya o Madamin Muxanmediya o’g’li, Ubaydullae a Aziza Buxa bae na,
4 d yea Ag onomy
DOI: h ps://doi.o g/10.5281/zenodo.17537202
Anno a ion. Soils o he Republic o Ka akalpaks an a e sal y and low in e ili y. In such
soils, he melio a i e condi ion o soils should be imp o ed and soil e ili y should be inc eased
o ecei ing high yield om ag icul u al c ops.
Field expe imen was ca ied ou in o de o de e mine he in luence o c ops, which a e
included in he sys em o sho - e m c op o a ion (1:2). In his, legumes (mung bean, sesame,
soybean) we e included in he sys em o sho - e m c op o a ion as pas c ops, and i a ec ed
posi i ely when i was sown in he ollowing me hod: co on: pas c op mung bean o g ain +
mung bean o side a e + 20 /ha manu e hen win e whea : win e whea .
Keywo ds: c op o a ion, win e whea , g ow h, de elopmen , p oduc i i y, e ili y, saline
soils.
Аннотация. Почвы Республики Каракалпакстан засоленные и малоплодородные. На
таких почвах необходимо улучшить мелиоративное состояние почв и повысить их
плодородие для получения высокой урожайности сельскохозяйственных культур.
Полевой опыт был проведен с целью определения влияния культур, входящих в
систему короткоротационного севооборота (1:2). При этом бобовые культуры (маш,
кунжут, соя) были включены в систему короткоротационного севооборота в качестве
прошедших культур, что положительно сказалось при посеве по следующей схеме:
хлопок: прошедший посев маш на зерно + маш на сидерат + 20 т/га навоза, затем озимая
пшеница: озимая пшеница.
Ключевые слова: севооборот, озимая пшеница, рост, развитие, урожайность,
плодородие, засоленные почвы.
In oduc ion. In o de o imp o e he eclama ion condi ion o he saline
soils o he Republic o Ka akalpaks an, i is necessa y o le el he land, apply
o ganic e ilize s, wash he sal , and p o ide i wi h collec o s.
To inc ease soil e ili y, i is necessa y o o a e c ops, use o ganic and
side a e e ilize s, and ensu e ha mo e plan esidues a e le in he soil.
A ield expe imen was conduc ed o de e mine he p edecesso , in e c ops
and o ganic e ilize s plan ed be o e win e whea .
Me hods o he esea ch. 1s a ian o he expe imen , con inuous sowing
win e whea , 2-4 h a ian s, sowing mung bean, sesame and soybean o g ain
be o e sowing win e whea , 5-7 h a ian s, sowing mung bean, sesame, soybean
o g ain, be o e win e whea and addi ionally 10 /ha manu e was used and hen
252
win e whea was sown, 8 h a ian , mung bean was sown o g ain be o e win e
whea and addi ionally manu e added in he amoun o 20 /ha, 9 h a ian , mung
bean was sown o g ain, hen i was sown o side a e and addi ionally 20 /ha
manu e was used, hen win e whea was sown.
Resul s o he esea ch and hei analysis. In o de o de e mine he
in luence o p e ious c ops on he g ow h and de elopmen o win e whea , he
biome ic indica o s o he spike we e de e mined a he end o he g owing season.
The p e ious c ops we e plan ed in he sp ing o 2019, and a e ha es ing hem,
win e whea was plan ed in he au umn.
When we expe imen ally compa ed he g ow h and de elopmen o win e
whea when i was plan ed con inuously ( a . 1) wi h he g ow h and de elopmen
o i when i was plan ed in a sho -c op o a ion sys em, he ollowing became
clea .
Win e whea was plan ed o he hi d ime in 2020 in he con ol op ion. The
heigh o he plan was 73.0 cm, he leng h o he spike was 8.3 cm, he numbe o
spikes was 10.0, he numbe o g ains in he spike was 38.0, he weigh o he g ain
in he spike was 1.55 g, he g ain yield was 74.0% and he weigh o 1000 g ains
was 39.5 g. In he con ol a ian , he plan heigh and biome ic pa ame e s o he
spike o win e whea we e lowe han hose in he o a ion a ian s ( a . 2-9).
Be o e win e whea , mung bean, sesame and soybean we e sown o g ain as
p edecesso c ops, and hen win e whea was plan ed in 2-4 op ions, plan s em
heigh was 80.7-81.5 cm, spike leng h was 9.1-9.3 cm, g ain weigh pe spike was
1 ,60-1.70 g, g ain yield was 75.8-76.4% and 1000 g ain weigh was 41.8-42.5 g,
which was ound o be highe han he con ol op ion.
Be o e win e whea , p e ious c ops we e plan ed o g ain, addi ional 10 /ha
o e ilize was applied o i , and hen win e whea was plan ed in 5-7 op ions,
plan s em heigh 86.4-87.8 cm, spike leng h 9.7-10.1 cm, numbe o spikes 12.6-
13.1, he numbe o g ains in he spike was 43.5-44.1, he g ain yield was 77.0-
77.5% and he weigh o 1000 g ains was 42.8-43.0 g ams, his was he con ol
a ian and i was highe compa ed o op ions 2-4, when win e whea was plan ed
a e p edecesso c ops we e plan ed o g ain.
A e sowing mung bean o g ain om p e ious c ops and adding e ilize in
he amoun o 20 /ha ( a . 8), he heigh o he plan s em was 89.5 cm, he leng h
o he spike was 10.1 cm, he numbe o spikes was 13.5, he numbe o g ains in
he spike was 45.2, g ain weigh pe spike was 1.82 g, g ain yield was 78.0% and
1000 g ain weigh was 44.5 g ams, a e his p e ious c op, 10 /m o e ilize was
253
applied, and hen win e whea was plan ed in op ions 5-7, and i was highe
compa ed o he indica o s.
F om he p e ious c ops, mung bean was plan ed o g ain, hen mung bean
was plan ed o side a e, addi ional 20 /ha o manu e was applied o i , and hen
win e whea was plan ed in 9 a ian s, plan s em heigh was 92.5 cm, spike leng h
was 10.5 cm, numbe o spikes was 13.8, he numbe o g ains in he spike was
46.1, he weigh o he g ain in he spike was 45.0 g ams, which is highe han all
o he op ions.
Compa ed o he con ol op ion, he heigh o he plan s em and he biome ic
pa ame e s o he spike we e highe in he o a ion op ions, o cou se, i can be
es ima ed ha his o a ion is he e ec o he p edecesso c ops included in he
o a ion and he applied o ganic e ilize in he amoun o 10 and 20 /ha.
Highe indica o s in op ions 2-4, whe e p e ious c ops we e sown o g ain
and hen win e whea we e plan ed, a e posi i e e ec o p e ious c ops,
indica o s in op ions ( a . 5-7) when p e ious c ops we e sown o g ain, 10 /ha o
manu e we e applied o i , and hen win e whea was plan ed is highe compa ed
o he indica o s in op ions ( a . 2-4) when only he p eceding c ops a e plan ed o
g ain and hen win e whea , i is he e ec o he p eceding c ops and 10 /ha o
manu e, he p eceding c ops a e plan ed o mush g ain and 20 /ha o manu e is
applied o i , hen win e whea and win e whea a e he p edecesso c ops o be
highe han 5-7 op ions, his is he e ec o p edecesso c ops and 20 /ha o
manu e, we es ima e ha he indica o s o he 9 h op ion, whe e as a p edecesso
c op, mung bean is plan ed o g ain, hen mung bean is plan ed as a side a e, and i
is e ilized a he a e o 20 /ha, we e highe han he indica o s o all op ions as a
posi i e e ec o he p e ious c op plan ed o g ain + mung bean o side a e + 20
/ha o manu e.
When we analyze he e ec o plan ing win e whea con inuously by
inco po a ing win e whea in o he c op o a ion sys em, p e ious c ops plan ed
be o e win e whea and applying o ganic e ilize s a 10 and 20 /ha on win e
whea g ow h and de elopmen , we can see ha i p o ides posi i e esul s
compa ed o con inuous win e whea plan ing.
Conclusion. C op o a ion is necessa y o ensu e good g ow h and
de elopmen o win e whea in he saline soils o he Republic o Ka akalpaks an.
In his case, in he i s yea , co on is plan ed in he i s ield o a yea , and
be o e win e whea in he ollowing yea , mung bean, sesame, soybean a e plan ed
as p edecesso c ops in he sp ing, and hen 20 /ha o manu e should be applied. In
his way, soil e ili y inc eases, a o able condi ions o win e whea a e c ea ed.
254
Re e ences:
1. Khaliko B.M., Namozo F.B. Scien i ic basics o c op o a ion. - Tashken . -2016. -
222 p.
2. Namozo F.B., Imino A.A. In luence o c op o a ion o co on, win e whea , epea ed
and in e al c ops on soil e ili y. // Ag oilmju nali. -2016 -№4 (42) –p. 21-22
3. Rasulo a F.G. In luence o ege ables and epea ed c ops on soil e ili y, co on and whea
yields in c op o a ion sys ems. Disse a ion abs ac o PhD in ag icul u al sciences. - Tashken .
-2019 -44 p.
