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A Re iew o Law ence Venu i’s T ansla ion Theo ies: A Ci eSpace-Based Visualiza ion
Analysis
Ying LIANG*
Pos g adua e S uden , Uni e si y o Shanghai o Science and Technology
Co esponding Au ho Ying
LIANG
Pos g adua e S uden , Uni e si y o
Shanghai o Science and
Technology
A icle His o y
Recei ed: 14 / 06 / 2025
Accep ed: 28 / 10 / 2025
Published: 06 / 11 /2025
Abs ac : This s udy in es iga es esea ch ends in Law ence Venu i’s ansla ion heo ies by
conduc ing a pano amic analysis o schola ly li e a u e om he CNKI and Web o Science Co e
Collec ion da abases (2000-2024). Employing he Ci eSpace isualiza ion ool, i maps he
in ellec ual ajec o y o his ield wi hin in e na ional schola ship. Depa ing om p e ious
s udies o en con ined o single cul u al con ex s, his esea ch inno a i ely cons uc s a c oss-
cul u al compa a i e amewo k. On he ho izon al dimension, co-occu ence ne wo k analysis
and clus e mapping a e used o dynamically ace he e olu ion o co e in e na ional deba es,
including he o eigniza ion/domes ica ion dicho omy, c i ique o he ansla o ’s in isibili y, and
esis an ansla ion s a egies. On he e ical dimension, he s udy decons uc s he unique pa h
o he Chinese academia, d i en by cul u al sel -awa eness, in c ea i ely adap ing Venu i’s
heo ies o cons uc a ―Chinese School‖ o ansla ion discou se. Th ough his dual pe spec i e
o diach onic in es iga ion and synch onic compa ison, he s udy no only e eals he pa adigm
econs uc ion o Wes e n pos colonial ansla ion heo y wi hin he Chinese con ex bu also,
le e aging he bu s de ec ion unc ion o knowledge g aphs, p ospec i ely iden i ies eme ging
esea ch on s. These include he econ igu a ion o ansla ion e hics in he age o a i icial
in elligence and he c oss-disciplina y in eg a ion o digi al humani ies wi h ansla ion s udies.
This esea ch pa adigm, which in eg a es big-da a bibliome ic analysis wi h c i ical heo e ical
inqui y, p o ides heo e ical suppo o building a ansla ion heo y sys em wi h cul u al
agency and opens new me hodological pa hways o inno a ing he p ac ice o Chinese li e a u e
ansla ion wi hin he global con ex .
Keywo ds: Law ence Venu i; T ansla ion Theo y; Ci eSpace; Visualiza ion Analysis; Resea ch
Shi s
How o Ci e in APA o ma : LIANG, Y. (2025). A Re iew o Law ence Venu i’s T ansla ion Theo ies: A Ci eSpace-Based
Visualiza ion Analysis. IRASS Jou nal o A s, Humani ies and Social Sciences, 2(11), 7-15.
1. In oduc ion
Law ence Venu i (1953–) is a seminal heo is and
p ac i ione in con empo a y Wes e n ansla ion s udies, whose
c i ical pe spec i e and in e disciplina y me hodology ha e
p o oundly eshaped he e hical and poli ical dimensions o he
ield. As a ounda ional igu e in pos mode n ansla ion heo y,
Venu i challenged he adi ional domes ica ion pa adigm wi h his
ad ocacy o ― o eignizing ansla ion.‖He a gues o p ese ing
he linguis ic he e ogenei y and cul u al s angeness o he sou ce
ex o e eal he powe ela ions and ideological manipula ions
inhe en in ansla ion p ac ices.In his landma k wo k, The
T ansla o ’s In isibili y: A His o y o T ansla ion (1995), Venu i
sys ema ically c i iqued he luency-o ien ed domes ica ion
s a egy p e alen in he Anglo-Ame ican adi ion. He
demons a ed how his s a egy, by e asing linguis ic di e ences,
ein o ces cul u al hegemony and educes he ansla o o an
―in isible‖ condui [1]. He p oposed o eignizing ansla ion as a
o m o esis ance, one ha e ains he sou ce ex ’s syn ac ic
complexi y, a chaisms, and cul u al e e en s, he eby o cing
a ge -language eade s o con on al e i y and challenge he
na cissism o hei own cul u e.His subsequen wo k, The Scandals
o T ansla ion: Towa ds an E hics o Di e ence (1998), expanded
his heo e ical amewo k by exposing ansla ion’s ma ginalized
s a us wi hin publishing economies, copy igh egimes, and li e a y
canon o ma ion, while c i iquing he sys ema ic de alua ion o
ansla o s’ labo [2]. In T ansla ion Changes E e y hing: Theo y
and P ac ice (2013), Venu i u he in eg a ed pos s uc u alis and
Ma xis heo ies, in oducing he concep o ―in e p e i e labo ‖ o
emphasize ansla ion’s po en ial in he globalized con ex o
econs uc cul u al iden i ies and esis he commodi ica ion o
cul u e unde neolibe alism[3].Venu i’ s heo ies engage in deep
dialogue wi h pos colonial s udies (e.g., Spi ak), decons uc ion
(e.g., De ida), and e hics (e.g., Le inas). His model o
―he e onomous ansla ion‖ p o ides an e hical pa adigm o c oss-
cul u al communica ion, wi h in luence ex ending o wo ld
li e a u e, digi al humani ies, and mig a ion s udies.
2. Da a Sou ce and Resea ch Me hods
i. Da a Sou ce
The Chinese li e a u e sample o his s udy was sou ced
om he China Na ional Knowledge In as uc u e (CNKI)
da abase. An ad anced sea ch was conduc ed using ―韦努
蒂‖(Venu i) and “翻译‖ ( ansla ion) as keywo ds. The sea ch
spanned he pe iod om 2000 o 2024. A e sc eening, 595 alid
publica ions we e iden i ied o analysis. The da a e ie al was
comple ed on Ma ch 28, 2024.The sample o in e na ional
li e a u e was ob ained om he Web o Science (WOS) Co e
Collec ion. A p ecise sea ch was pe o med using ―Venu i‖ AND
―T ansla ion‖ as keywo ds, wi h he documen ype limi ed o
IRASS Jou nal o A s, Humani ies and Social Sciences Vol-2, Iss-11 (No embe -2025): 7-15
Vol-2, Iss-11 (No embe -2025)
8
―A icle‖ and language o English. The sea ch co e ed he pe iod
om 2010 o 2024. Following a sc eening p ocess, 128 alid
publica ions we e ul ima ely secu ed. This da a e ie al was
inalized on Augus 29, 2024.
ii. Resea ch Me hods
This s udy employs bibliome ic analysis, u ilizing
Ci eSpace 6.3 R1 (a isual da a p ocessing ool de eloped by
P o esso Chaomei Chen a D exel Uni e si y, USA) o add ess he
esea ch ques ions. The collec ed li e a u e da a was con e ed in o
he Re wo ks o ma compa ible wi h Ci eSpace. The so wa e was
used o gene a e isualiza ions ha depic he publica ion
cha ac e is ics, high- equency keywo d clus e analysis, and
hema ic e olu ion o he Chinese and in e na ional li e a u e
samples. Fu he mo e, by analyzing key in o ma ion such as
ins i u ional collabo a ion ne wo ks and high- equency keywo ds,
his s udy maps he esea ch lineage, ho opics, and e olu iona y
ajec o ies o Law ence Venu i’ s ansla ion heo y esea ch bo h
wi hin China and in e na ionally.
3. S a is ical Analysis o Basic
Bibliog aphic Cha ac e is ics
i. Analysis o Annual Publica ion Volume
The annual numbe o publica ions is a c ucial indica o o
measu ing he de elopmen ajec o y o a speci ic esea ch ield
wi hin a gi en pe iod[4]. I p o ides an in ui i e ep esen a ion o
he esea ch ends ela ed o Venu i’s ansla ion heo y in
domes ic and in e na ional con ex s (see Figu e 1). O e all, he
annual publica ion ou pu conce ning Law ence Venu i’s
ansla ion heo ies demons a es dis inc de elopmen al ends in
he Chinese and in e na ional schola ly landscapes.
Fig. 1 Annual Publica ion Ou pu on Law ence Venu i’ s T ansla ion Theo ies: A Domes ic and In e na ional Compa ison
Based on he o e all domes ic publica ion da a p esen ed in
Figu e 1, he de elopmen o Law ence Venu i’s ansla ion
heo ies in China can be di ided in o ou dis inc phases. The i s
phase was he Ini ial S age (2000–2005). Du ing his pe iod, he
annual numbe o domes ic publica ions was ex emely low,
g owing slowly om one a icle in 2000 o se en in 2005,
indica ing limi ed o e all a en ion. This can be p ima ily a ibu ed
o he ela i ely la e in oduc ion o Venu i’s heo ies o China. His
seminal 1995 wo k, The T ansla o ’s In isibili y, had no ye been
widely ansla ed o dissemina ed, and a gene al lack o academic
esou ces u he es ic ed i s each. Howe e , wi h he g adual
eme gence o he ―Cul u al Tu n‖in ansla ion s udies, Venu i’s
pe spec i e, which emphasized cul u al poli ics and ideology,
began o pique he in e es o some schola s, se ing as an
impo an s a ing poin o expanding esea ch pa adigms in he
ield. The second phase was a Pe iod o Rapid G ow h (2006–
2010). This s age wi nessed a sha p inc ease in publica ions,
su ging om 17 a icles in 2006 o 49 in 2010. This explosi e
g ow h was acili a ed by he successi e ansla ion and publica ion
o Venu i’s majo wo ks, p o iding esea che s wi h s able ex ual
suppo . Concu en ly, he p oli e a ion o MA and PhD heses,
along wi h uni e si y esea ch p ojec s, p omo ed he widesp ead
applica ion and localized in e p e a ion o his heo ies. Du ing his
phase, domes ic schola s a emp ed o in eg a e concep s like
―domes ica ion‖and ― o eigniza ion‖wi h adi ional Chinese
ansla ion p ac ices, explo ing hei mani es a ions in he wo k o
igu es like Lu Xun and Lin Shu. This usion o heo y and p ac ice
ueled a esea ch peak.
The hi d phase was a Pe iod o Fluc ua ion and
Adjus men (2011–2019). Al hough he olume o domes ic
publica ions emained ela i ely high du ing his s age, i showed a
yea -on-yea declining end, alling om 48 a icles in 2011 o 21
in 2019. This shi indica ed ha Venu i’s heo ies we e ma u ing
a e a pe iod o ex ensi e ci a ion. A signi ican po ion o
esea ch emained concen a ed on ex ual analyses using his
― o eigniza ion/domes ica ion‖ s a egies, leading o a lack o
inno a ion and a consequen waning o academic in e es .
Fu he mo e, as ansla ion s udies became mo e in e disciplina y,
schola ly ocus g adually shi ed owa ds o he heo e ical
amewo ks, such as unc ionalism, pos colonial ansla ion
s udies, and eco- ansla ology, he eby educing he concen a ed
a en ion on Venu i. The ou h phase is ma ked as a Pe iod o
Signi ican Decline (2020–2024). Publica ion numbe s plumme ed,
d opping om 31 a icles in 2020 o a me e h ee in 2024,
signaling ha esea ch on Venu i’s heo ies in China is
app oaching i s conclusion. This decline is closely linked o an
o e all pa adigm shi in ansla ion s udies. In ecen yea s, wi h
-10
0
10
20
30
40
50
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
Publica ion Coun /Publica ions
Annual Publica ion Volume on Venu i’s T ansla ion
Theo ies: Domes ic and In e na ional Dis ibu ion
Domes ic Coun In e na ional Coun
Linea (Domes ic Coun ) Linea (In e na ional Coun )
IRASS Jou nal o A s, Humani ies and Social Sciences Vol-2, Iss-11 (No embe -2025): 7-15
Vol-2, Iss-11 (No embe -2025)
9
ad ancemen s in a i icial in elligence, co pus echnology, and he
p omo ion o ―New Libe al A s‖ ini ia i es, adi ional heo e ical
esea ch has been inc easingly supplan ed by da a-d i en
app oaches. Simul aneously, a new gene a ion o schola s is
u ning i s a en ion o eme ging ields like mul imodal ansla ion
and he e hics o machine ansla ion, leading o he g adual
ma ginaliza ion o he ―cul u al-poli ical‖ na a i e ep esen ed by
Venu i wi hin he Chinese con ex .
In con as , in e na ional esea ch on Venu i’s heo ies has
ollowed a dis inc ly di e en ajec o y and pace. The i s phase
was a Pe iod o Sca ci y (2000–2009), du ing which he e we e
almos no dedica ed esea ch ou pu s o e he decade. Al hough
Venu i held a ce ain in luence wi hin Anglo-Ame ican ansla ion
s udies, his heo ies had no ye coalesced in o a sys ema ic
esea ch end du ing his pe iod. The in e na ional schola ly
communi y was mo e ocused on mains eam di ec ions like
unc ionalism, cogni i e ansla ion s udies, and he philosophy o
language, wi h ea ly s udies on Venu i being spo adically
published in non-co e jou nals. The second phase was a Pe iod o
Ini ia ion and Explo a ion (2010–2019). Du ing his s age,
dedica ed in e na ional esea ch on Venu i g adually eme ged,
main aining a modes ou pu o be ween 5 and 8 a icles pe yea ,
s a ing om 6 in 2010. As global ansla ion s udies expanded
u he in o cul u al and poli ical dimensions, Venu i’s ideas gained
enewed a en ion. Pa icula ly in s udies in ol ing mul ilingual
and mino i y languages, his p oposed ― o eignizing‖ s a egy
o e ed heo e ical suppo o esis ing linguis ic hegemony.
Concu en ly, schola s om c i ical pe spec i es began p oposing
e isions and econs uc ions o his amewo k, leading o a
g adual di e si ica ion o esea ch. The hi d phase is an
Accele a ed De elopmen Pe iod (2020–2024). In e na ional
publica ion ou pu inc eased ma kedly, ising om 19 a icles in
2020 and s abilizing a a ound 14 a icles annually he ea e ,
signi ying he en y o in e na ional esea ch in o an ac i e phase.
This is closely ied o he inc eased global schola ly emphasis on
―decoloniza ion‖ in ecen yea s. Venu i’s ideas emphasizing
ansla o isibili y, cul u al iden i y, and linguis ic asymme y
esona e wi h cu en in e na ional cul u al-poli ical na a i es,
making hem a key componen wi hin c i ical ansla ion s udies
amewo ks. Fu he mo e, new ansla ion s udies jou nals and
publishing pla o ms ha e p o ided wide channels o
dissemina ing ela ed esea ch, u he acili a ing he con inued
in e na ionaliza ion and egene a ion o his heo ies.
ii. Compa a i e Analysis o disciplina y Dis ibu ion
P io o he isual analysis using Ci eSpace, he buil -in
s a is ical unc ions o CNKI and WOS we e u ilized o analyze he
disciplina y dis ibu ion o he li e a u e. The esul s indica e ha
domes ic esea ch on Law ence Venu i’s ansla ion heo ies in
China spans 13 disciplines. The ou disciplines wi h he la ges
sha es a e Fo eign Languages and Li e a u es (41.7%), Chinese
Language and Li e a u e (39.75%), Li e a y Theo y (15.76%), and
Chinese Li e a u e (1.12%). Among hese, Fo eign Languages and
Li e a u es holds an absolu e dominance wi h 41.7% o he
publica ions.
The in e na ional sample encompasses en disciplines.
Linguis ics is he dominan ield, accoun ing o 43.75% o all
publica ions. Disciplines ela ed o Li e a u e, Humani ies, and
Cul u al S udies also show ela i ely high publica ion coun s. In
summa y, he disciplina y dis ibu ion in bo h domes ic and
in e na ional esea ch is p edominan ly cen e ed in he ield o
linguis ics, wi h signi ican in ol emen om li e a y and cul u al
s udies. A conside able numbe o publica ions also all unde
mul idisciplina y humani ies and scien i ic esea ch managemen ,
e lec ing a end owa ds and demand o in e disciplina y
esea ch.
iii. Analysis o Ins i u ional Collabo a ion Ne wo ks
An analysis o he ins i u ional collabo a ion ne wo ks
mapped om he domes ic and in e na ional sample da a e eals
low ne wo k densi y sco es (0.0015 o domes ic and 0.0007 o
in e na ional), bo h below he h eshold o 0.1. The op i e
domes ic esea ch ins i u ions by publica ion coun a e Hunan
No mal Uni e si y (16 publica ions), Sichuan Uni e si y (16
publica ions), Guangdong Uni e si y o Fo eign S udies (16
publica ions), Capi al No mal Uni e si y (14 publica ions), and
Cen al Sou h Uni e si y (12 publica ions).The op i e
in e na ional ins i u ions by publica ion coun include he
Pennsyl ania Commonweal h Sys em o Highe Educa ion
(PCSHE) (9 publica ions), Temple Uni e si y (9 publica ions),
Uni e sidade Fede al de San a Ca a ina (UFSC) (4 publica ions),
Uni e si y o Su ey (3 publica ions), and Au onomous Uni e si y
o Mad id (UAM) (2 publica ions).
A compa ison o he da a e eals ha he p ima y ins i u ions
conduc ing esea ch on Venu i’s heo ies, bo h in China and
ab oad, a e uni e si ies, indica ing a ela i ely homogenous
ins i u ional landscape. Domes ically, ins i u ions ypically
le e age hei s eng hs in adi ional humani ies disciplines,
ocusing on heo e ical in e p e a ion and localized applica ion.
Howe e , he esea ch model emains ela i ely insula , wi h in e -
ins i u ional collabo a ion o en limi ed o egional academic
con e ences o sho - e m p ojec s. In e na ionally, he leading
ins i u ions a e p edominan ly public uni e si y sys ems and
in e disciplina y esea ch uni e si ies, whe e esea ch emphasizes
c oss-disciplina y in eg a ion.
O e all, he collabo a i e ne wo ks among esea ch
ins i u ions in bo h con ex s a e ela i ely agmen ed and
decen alized, ailing o o m a igh ly-kni academic communi y.
4. Synch onic and Diach onic Analysis o
Resea ch Focuses
i. Keywo d Co-occu ence Analysis
Ci eSpace e eals he de elopmen al ajec o y o speci ic
scien i ic ields o esea ch opics by cons uc ing p og essi e co-
ci a ion ne wo ks[5]. This s udy employs he co-ci a ion ne wo k
ea u e o Ci eSpace o e m equency analysis, using co e
keywo ds as an en y poin o deeply explo e ele an esea ch
ocus and eme ging ends based on hei equency in he
li e a u e. As cen al elemen s o schola ly ex s, pe iodically high-
equency keywo ds indica e p io i ized esea ch hemes du ing
speci ic pe iods. Figu es 2 and 3 espec i ely display knowledge
domain maps o Venu i ansla ion heo y esea ch gene a ed by
Ci eSpace, while Table 1 lis s high- equency and high-cen ali y
keywo ds ela ed o Venu i’s ansla ion heo ies collec ed om
2000 o 2024.
IRASS Jou nal o A s, Humani ies and Social Sciences Vol-2, Iss-11 (No embe -2025): 7-15
Vol-2, Iss-11 (No embe -2025)
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Fig. 2 Knowledge Domain Map o Domes ic Resea ch on Venu i’s T ansla ion Theo ies
Fig. 3 Knowledge Domain Map o In e na ional Resea ch on Venu i’s T ansla ion Theo ies
The phenomenon whe e keywo ds join ly appea ac oss
mul iple documen s is e med ―co-occu ence keywo ds,‖ which
clea ly e eals a icle hemes and ocused issues du ing speci ic
pe iods. In he knowledge domain maps, nodes ep esen keywo ds
wi h sizes indica ing equency o occu ence, while connec ing
lines demons a e co-occu ence ela ionships be ween di e en
keywo ds, hei hickness p opo ional o he p obabili y o co-
appea ance in he same publica ion. As shown in Figu e 2, he co e
hemes o domes ic Venu i ansla ion heo y esea ch a e e lec ed
in he dis ibu ion pa e n o keywo d nodes. ―Venu i‖ occupies he
cen al posi ion as he la ges node, di ec ly indica ing his
heo e ical sys em cons i u es a p ima y esea ch subjec in
domes ic ansla ion s udies. Su ounding his co e, high- equency
keywo ds including ― o eignizing ansla ion,‖ ― ansla ion e hics,‖
―cul u al ansla ion,‖ and ― ansla ion s a egies‖ o m equally
p ominen nodes, collec i ely cons i u ing ou co e esea ch
dimensions. Examining in e -keywo d ela ionships e eals a
s ong binding be ween ― o eignizing ansla ion‖ and ―Venu i‖
demons a ed by hick connec ing lines, con i ming he academic
consensus ega ding o eigniza ion as Venu i’ s cen al heo e ical
con ibu ion. The co-occu ence o ― ansla ion e hics‖ and
―cul u al ansla ion‖ highligh s sus ained schola ly a en ion o
e hical esponsibili ies in cul u al in e en ion h ough ansla ion,
such as balancing cul u al ideli y agains e hical isks when
ansla ing Chinese classics.
The keywo d co-occu ence ne wo k’s opological s uc u e
e eals wo p ima y cha ac e is ics in domes ic esea ch. Fi s ,
―p ac ical ex ension o heo e ical co es‖: dense connec ions
be ween ― o eignizing ansla ion‖ and ― ansla ion s a egies‖
indica e esea che s ocus no only on heo e ical in e p e a ion o
o eigniza ion bu also on explo ing p ac ical applica ion pa hways.
Examples include p ese ing cul u al image y h ough li e al
ansla ion wi h anno a ions in English e sions o he Analec s, o
adop ing ―cul u al compensa ion‖ s a egies in ilm sub i le
localiza ion o econcile eadabili y wi h he e ogenei y. Such
s udies a emp o cons uc dynamic s a egic amewo ks
add essing a ying demands o o eigniza ion deg ees ac oss
di e en ansla ion con ex s (e.g., li e a y ansla ion, p omo ional
ansla ion o in angible cul u al he i age). Second,
―mul idimensional concep ual in e wea ing‖: using ―cul u al
ansla ion‖ as a hub, i s connec ions wi h ― ansla ion e hics‖ and
―decons uc ion‖ e eal mul idisciplina y in eg a ion endencies.
Some schola s employ decons uc ionis philosophy o c i ique
domes ica ing ansla ion’s iolen e adica ion o cul u al
di e ences, emphasizing linguis ic he e ogenei y’s i educibili y.
O he s udies e lec on powe ela ions in ansla ion om e hical
pe spec i es, examining how ansla o s migh esis cul u al
hegemony h ough o eignizing s a egies in pos colonial con ex s.
This c oss-concep ual in e ac ion bo h expands Venu i’s heo e ical
conno a ions and p omo es ansla ion s udies’ deepening
de elopmen owa d cul u al-poli ical c i ique.
IRASS Jou nal o A s, Humani ies and Social Sciences Vol-2, Iss-11 (No embe -2025): 7-15
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Figu e 3 demons a es he heo e ical sys em cen e ed
a ound ―Law ence Venu i‖ occupies a p ominen posi ion, isually
con i ming his pa adigm’s ounda ional ole in disciplina y
de elopmen . Su ounding his hub node, high- equency keywo ds
including ― ansla ion heo ies,‖ ―cul u al ansla ion,‖ and
―equi alence heo ies‖ cons i u e he main esea ch amewo k.
The pa icula ly no able s ong co-occu ence be ween ―cul u al
ansla ion‖ and ― ansla ion heo ies‖ p o oundly e eals he
Cul u al Tu n cha ac e is ic o Venu i’s heo y - ele a ing
ansla ion ac i i y om adi ional linguis ic ans e o cul u al-
poli ical p ac ice. This heo e ical shi u he ex ends in o clus e
dis ibu ions o seconda y high- equency nodes like ―cul u al
poli ics‖ and ―iden i y‖ in he esea ch map, signaling he ield’s
anscendence beyond linguis ic pa adigm cons ain s owa d
ocusing on ansla ion’s dynamic mechanisms in powe games,
cul u al nego ia ion, and iden i y econs uc ion wi hin
globaliza ion con ex s.
The in e na ional keywo d co-occu ence ne wo k’s
opological s uc u e mani es s h ee cha ac e is ic dimensions.
Fi s , ―in e disciplina y heo e ical ex ension‖: he dense
associa ion ne wo k be ween ― ansla ion heo ies‖ and
―equi alence heo ies‖ e lec s schola ly c i ical econs uc ion o
adi ional heo e ical amewo ks. By decons uc ing he
logocen ic cons ain s o equi alence concep s, esea che s
emphasize o eignizing ansla ion’s unc ional alue in p ese ing
cul u al di e ence beyond supe icial linguis ic co espondence.
Second, ―mul idi ec ional cul u al-poli ical in e wea ing‖: he
s ong associa i e ne wo k among ―cul u al ansla ion,‖ ―cul u al
poli ics,‖ and ―discou se‖ signi ies ansla ion s udies’ deep
pe mea ion in o cul u al c i ique. This mani es s pa icula ly in
esea ch examining ansla o s’ use o o eignizing s a egies o
esis cul u al hegemony in pos colonial con ex s, and explo a ions
o ansla ion’s mechanisms o ep esen ing ma ginalized
discou ses om gende pe spec i es. Finally, ―dynamic
equilib ium in p ac ical dimensions‖: he co-occu ence ne wo k
connec ing ― ansla ion s a egies,‖ ― ecep ion,‖ and ―in luence‖
demons a es schola ly dialec ical unde s anding o ansla ion’s
dual a ibu es - ocusing bo h on how o eignizing s a egies shape
a ge eade s’ cul u al pe cep ions in English ansla ions o non-
Wes e n li e a u e, and examining ensions be ween o eignizing
p ac ice and echnological a ionali y e sus humanis ic alues in
machine ansla ion e a. This mul idimensional esea ch
con igu a ion es ablishes ha ansla ion s udies has o med a
h ee-dimensional knowledge sys em in eg a ing heo e ical dep h
wi h p ac ical conce n.
Table 1. F equency Dis ibu ion o High-F equency Keywo ds in Domes ic and In e na ional Resea ch on Venu i’s T ansla ion Theo ies
Ci eSpace was employed o analyze he equency and
cen ali y o keywo ds in bo h domes ic and in e na ional esea ch
on Venu i’s ansla ion heo ies (see Table 1). A compa a i e
analysis e eals ha while he e a e ce ain commonali ies in
esea ch p io i ies be ween he wo con ex s, signi ican di e ences
in emphasis pe sis :
1) Sha ed Focus on ―Domes ica ion and Fo eigniza ion‖
S a egies, bu wi h Di e gen Pe spec i es
Domes ic esea ch p edominan ly cen e s on he bina y
opposi ion o ―Domes ica ion‖ and ―Fo eigniza ion.‖ Judging by
keywo d equency and cen ali y, “异化” ( o eigniza ion;
equency: 203, cen ali y: 0.25), “归化” (domes ica ion;
equency: 160, cen ali y: 0.47), and “异化翻译” ( o eignizing
ansla ion; equency: 84, cen ali y: 0.27) i mly domina e he
domes ic esea ch landscape, indica ing he ield’ s in ense ocus
on Venu i’s domes ica ion- o eigniza ion amewo k. In con as ,
in e na ional schola ship leans owa ds in eg a i e pe spec i es and
concep ual enewal. While i also a ends o ―Domes ica ion and
o eigniza ion‖ ( equency: 12, cen ali y: 0.24) and ―Fo eignizing
ansla ion‖ ( equency: 12, cen ali y: 0.14), i simul aneously
engages wi h keywo ds like ―Cul u e-speci ic i ems‖ ( equency:
12, cen ali y: 0.10). This sugges s ha in e na ional schola s a e
mo e conce ned wi h he lexibili y and adap abili y o s a egies
wi hin speci ic cul u al con ex s, a he han emaining solely a he
le el o bina y heo e ical opposi ion.
2) Sha ed Emphasis on T acing and Dissemina ing
Venu i’s Theo ies, bu wi h Va ia ions in Resea ch
Subjec s and Me hods
Domes ic esea ch p ima ily adop s a ― igu e- heo y‖
in eg a ed app oach, emphasizing localized in e p e a ion.
Keywo ds such as ―韦努蒂‖ (Venu i; equency: 172, cen ali y:
0.52) and ―鲁迅‖ (Lu Xun; equency: 27, cen ali y: 0.13) e lec
ha domes ic schola s a e no me ely dissemina ing Venu i’s
heo ies bu a e ac i ely e-in e p e ing hem h ough case s udies
in ol ing na i e ansla o s and p ac ices. Con e sely, in e na ional
esea ch combines ― heo y and applica ion,‖ highligh ing
in e disciplina y and c oss-cul u al dissemina ion pa hways.
―Law ence Venu i"" ( equency: 15, cen ali y: 0.30) is co e, bu
he p esence o keywo ds like ―Qian Zhongshu‖ ( equency: 12,
cen ali y: 0.16) and ―T ansla ion heo ies‖ ( equency: 5,
cen ali y: 0.12) indica es ha he in e na ional dissemina ion o
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Vol-2, Iss-11 (No embe -2025)
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Venu i’ s wo k places g ea e emphasis on dialogue and in eg a ion
wi h o he ansla ion heo ies and cul u al phenomena.
3) Sha ed In e es in Me hodological Expansion o
T ansla ion Theo y, bu wi h Dis inc Resea ch Le els
Domes ic esea ch ends owa ds heo e ical and mac o-
le el discussion. Keywo ds like “翻译策略‖ ( ansla ion
s a egies; equency: 35, cen ali y: 0.11), “解构主义”
(decons uc ion; equency: 35, cen ali y: 0.10), and ―翻译伦理”
( ansla ion e hics; equency: 23, cen ali y: 0.10) demons a e ha
domes ic schola s o en explo e he con empo a y alue o
Venu i’s heo ies om philosophical and e hical pe spec i es,
emphasizing hei uni e sali y and c i ical po en ial.
In e na ionally, he ocus leans mo e owa ds speci ic p ac ical
me hods and empi ical app oaches. Keywo ds such as ―T ansla ion
s udies‖ ( equency: 5, cen ali y: 0.12), ―T ansla ion p ojec s‖
( equency: 5, cen ali y: 0.08), and ―co pus‖ ( equency: 7,
cen ali y: 0.05) sugges ha in e na ional schola s p e e
employing empi ical me hods like co pus analysis and p ojec
esea ch o in es iga e he applicabili y and limi a ions o Venu i’ s
heo ies ac oss di e en con ex s.
4) Sha ed Conce n wi h T ansla ion in Cul u al
T ansmission, bu wi h Di e en ia ed Topic Selec ion
Domes ic esea ch emphasizes ― esis ance‖ and he
cons uc ion o discu si e powe o "local cul u e." Al hough he
equency is ela i ely low, he keywo d “抵抗” ( esis ance;
equency: 14, cen ali y: 0.02) aligns closely wi h Venu i’ s
concep o ― he ansla o ’s esis ance,‖ e lec ing a pa icula
conce n among domes ic schola s wi h using ansla ion o achie e
cul u al iden i y and con es discu si e powe wi hin he global
con ex . In e na ional esea ch, howe e , engages wi h a wide
a ay o cul u al opics and socio-poli ical issues. Keywo ds like
―T ansla ing humo ‖ ( equency: 2, cen ali y: 0.02) add ess c oss-
cul u al challenges in ansla ing humou , while ecu ing a en ion
o opics like ―Cul u e-speci ic i ems‖ indica es a sus ained
in e na ional ocus on cul u al di e ence and p ac ical social
applica ions.
ii. Keywo d Bu s Analysis
Le e aging i s bu s de ec ion echnique, Ci eSpace
e ec i ely iden i ies eme gen keywo ds by analyzing his o ical
ajec o ies o e m equency. These eme gen keywo ds help
e eal and ack esea ch ho spo s and hei de elopmen al ends
wi hin a scien i ic ield[6]. Bu s e ms e e o hose whose
equency inc eases o dec eases apidly o e a ela i ely sho
pe iod. Thei unique dynamic cha ac e is ics can mo e p ecisely
e lec he on ie esea ch dynamics o a speci ic discipline [7].
Figu es 4 and 5 espec i ely p esen he keywo d bu s
maps o domes ic and in e na ional esea ch on Venu i’s
ansla ion heo ies, gene a ed by Ci eSpace. The analysis e eals
ha while he esea ch ocus in domes ic and in e na ional con ex s
sha e some heo e ical o e lap, hey also exhibi signi ican
di e gence due o di e ences in academic adi ions and p ac ical
needs.
Fig. 4 Knowledge Domain Map o Bu s ing Keywo ds in In e na ional Venu i T ansla ion S udies (2010-2024)
Fig. 5 Knowledge Domain Map o Bu s ing Keywo ds in Domes ic Venu i T ansla ion S udies (2000-2024)
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Domes ic bu s keywo ds a e p edominan ly concen a ed in he
ea ly s ages o heo e ical in oduc ion and cul u al c i ique,
exhibi ing dis inc empo al cha ac e is ics. Be ween 2000 and
2010, bu s s o e ms like “抵抗” ( esis ance; s eng h: 2.91),
“解构主义” (decons uc ion; s eng h: 4.3), and “文化霸权”
(cul u al hegemony; s eng h: 1.11) e lec ed domes ic schola s’
e o s o decons uc Wes e n cul u al hegemony om a pos -
colonial pe spec i e, emphasizing ansla ion’s unc ion as a ool
o cul u al esis ance. Theo e ical de elopmen du ing his phase
was domina ed by philosophical specula ion, as e idenced by he
in oduc ion o concep s like “德里达” (De ida; bu s in 2006)
and “延异” (di é ance; bu s in 2008), highligh ing he
p o ound in luence o decons uc ionism on o eigniza ion heo y.
A e 2010, esea ch g adually shi ed owa ds p ac ical
dimensions and localized in eg a ion. The eme gence o keywo ds
such as “翻译伦理” ( ansla ion e hics; 2012-2014, s eng h:
2.6) and “外宣翻译” (in e na ional communica ion ansla ion;
2015-2021, s eng h: 1.55) signi ied an ex ension o e hical c i ique
in o policy and p ac ice. Concu en ly, he p ominence o local
case s udies like “唐诗” (Tang poe y; 2013-2017) and “保存
洋气” (p ese ing o eignness; 2015-2017) demons a ed he
heo y’s adap a ion o he speci ic con ex o adi ional Chinese
cul u e ansla ion. No ably, he sus ained ac i i y o ―文化转向”
(cul u al u n; 2016-2024, s eng h: 1.21) indica es a con inued
domes ic ocus on ansla ion’s ole in cul u al ansmission wi hin
globaliza ion, o ming a cohe en p og ession om ― esis ance‖ o
―e hics‖ and inally o ―communica ion.‖
In con as , in e na ional bu s keywo ds highligh a
con empo a y shi owa ds empi ical me hods and
in e disciplina y in eg a ion. F om 2011 o 2015, he b ie bu s o
―law ence enu i‖ (s eng h: 1.29) e lec ed an ini ial, ounda ional
ocus on his heo ies, which was quickly supe seded by
me hodological inno a ion. Pos -2020, ―co pus‖ (2021-2025,
s eng h: 1.18) and ―cul u e-speci ic i ems‖ (2021-2023, s eng h:
0.94) eme ged as co e bu s e ms, signaling a esea ch pi o
owa ds co pus-d i en analysis o cul u al speci ics, emphasizing
da a e i ica ion and empi ical eliabili y. Simul aneously, bu s s
o keywo ds like ―audio isual ansla ion‖ (2020-2022, s eng h:
0.92) and ―child ens li e a u e‖ (2019-2022, s eng h: 0.79) e eal
a end o ansla ion s udies pe mea ing mul imodal and
in e disciplina y ields such as mul imedia and child en’s li e a u e.
Fu he mo e, al hough ―domes ica ion and o eigniza ion‖ (2020-
2023, s eng h: 0.78) had a ela i ely low bu s s eng h, i s
appea ance alongside he comple e e m ― ansla ion heo y‖
(2016-2018, s eng h: 1.66) indica es ha while in e na ional
academia inhe i s Venu i’s co e s a egies, i places g ea e
emphasis on he sys ema ic econs uc ion o he heo e ical
amewo k.
A commonali y be ween domes ic and in e na ional
esea ch is he sus ained a en ion o
―domes ica ion/ o eigniza ion‖ s a egies, ye hei pa hs o
ealiza ion di e ma kedly. Domes ically, e ms like “异化理
论” ( o eigniza ion heo y; 2012-2016) and “存异伦理” (e hics
o di e ence; 2018-2021) we e used o deepen he heo e ical
conno a ions, cons uc ing a c i ical discou se sys em suppo ed by
local cul u al cases (e.g., ―Lu Xu,‖―Tang poe y‖). In e na ionally,
eliance on ools like ―co pus‖ and ―cul u e-speci ic i ems‖
p omo es he echnical applica ion o he heo y and expands in o
eme ging ields like audio isual ansla ion and child en’s
li e a u e. This di e gence e lec s dis inc academic ecologies:
domes ic esea ch leans owa ds heo e ical philosophizing and
his o ical con ex ualiza ion, while in e na ional esea ch p io i izes
empi ical app oaches and in e disciplina y applica ion. Toge he ,
hey cons i u e a plu alis ic academic landscape o Venu i’s
heo ies, simul aneously con inuing i s co e p oposi ions while
imbuing i wi h new i ali y h ough me hodological inno a ion
and con ex ual adap a ion.
iii. Resea ch Themes: Domes ic and In e na ional
Pe spec i es
Based on he p eceding keywo d analysis, his s udy inds
ha domes ic and in e na ional schola s app oach he subjec om
di e en dimensions, leading o a sys ema ic e iew om hese
wo dis inc pe spec i es. Domes ic esea ch p edominan ly
ocuses on he p ac ical applica ion and localized in e p e a ion o
Venu i’s heo ies, whe eas in e na ional schola ship places g ea e
emphasis on he deepening o he heo e ical sys em and i s
in e disciplina y in eg a ion. Cu en domes ic esea ch on Venu i
p ima ily e ol es a ound he ollowing h ee main hemes:
1) T ansla ion E hics and T ansla o Subjec i i y
Domes ic schola s equen ly concen a e on ansla o
agency and e hical esponsibili y, explo ing he ecep ion o
Venu i’s ideas. Wang Ning a gues ha Venu i mo es beyond
heo e ical exposi ion o ansla o subjec i i y by ac i ely
engaging in p ac ice, p o iding conc e e pa hways o ealizing
ansla o s’ igh s and s a us, all di ec ed owa ds a b oade goal:
he awakening o ansla o consciousness and he cons uc ion o
he ansla o ’s s a us as a c ea o [8]. Jiang Tong posi s ha Venu i
cons uc s a sys em ope a ing om he inside ou , d i en by he
decons uc i e me hod o di e ence. Venu i’s discou se e ol es
and ele a es om he in e nal ―s a egic le el‖ o he ex e nal
―e hical le el,‖ he eby enabling he con ex ual e alua ion o
ansla ion’s social unc ion based on ansla ion e hics [9]. Schola s
like Yang Rui and Zou Shuli, app oaching om a decons uc i e
pe spec i e, sys ema ically analyze Venu i’s c i ique o cul u al
hegemony and i s signi icance o econs uc ing ansla o
subjec i i y[10]. They no e ha wi hin he Anglo-Ame ican cul u al
con ex , domes ica ion s a egy, unde he guise o ― anspa ency,‖
o cibly assimila es o eign ex s in o local cul u al no ms h ough
luen ansla ion, cons i u ing essen ially ―an e hnocen ic p ac ice
s anda dizing acco ding o Anglo-Ame ican alues and aes he ics.‖
This s a egy obscu es he iolence o ansla ion, ende ing he
ansla o in isible behind he ex and educing hem o a ool o
cul u al assimila ion.
2) Compa a i e S udies wi h Local Theo ies
Domes ic schola s also ocus on compa a i e analysis
be ween ansla ion heo ies, paying pa icula a en ion o
e ealing he explana o y limi s and po en ial o econs uc ion o
Wes e n heo ies wi hin he Chinese con ex h ough highligh ing
di e ences. Zhang Yuan sugges s ha bo h Venu i and Lu Xun
played signi ican oles in ansla ion, bu wi h di e en aims:
Venu i esis ed mains eam English alues and opposed cul u al
hegemony, while Lu Xun sough o de elop he na i e language
and achie e na ional sal a ion h ough li e a u e and a . Al hough
hei s a ing poin s di e ed, bo h ac ed om a desi e o p o ec
hei espec i e na i e cul u es, ul ima ely con e ging in hei
impac . Lu Xun was a pionee o he o eignizing app oach, while
Venu i explo ed i mo e sys ema ically and deeply; bo h
con ibu ed o he de elopmen o ansla ion and he p omo ion o
cul u al ansmission and exchange [11]. Ren Shukun poin s ou ha
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bo h Lu Xun and Venu i cou ageously b oke wi h adi ion,
exe cising ansla o subjec i i y and embodying he ebellious
spi i o decons uc ion in hei ansla ion p ac ice[12]. Howe e ,
di e ences exis in hei ansla ion philosophies. S udying hese
di e ences is signi ican no only o explo ing ansla ion
s a egies bu also o deepening he unde s anding o hei
in ellec ual cha ac e is ics.
3) Applica ion S udies in Chinese T ansla ion P ac ice
In ecen yea s, a g owing numbe o schola s ha e applied
Venu i’s ansla ion heo ies o analyze he ansla ion o Chinese
classics. Wang Wenjun, aking wo English ansla ions o The
Peony Pa ilion as he esea ch objec and guided by Venu i’s
o eigniza ion heo y, analyzes and compa es he me hods o
ansla ing cul u al images and hei in luencing ac o s. The s udy
inds ha Bi ch’s ansla ion ends mo e owa ds a o eignizing
s a egy, using hick ansla ion o p ese e he he e ogenei y o
cul u al images, albei a he cos o inc eased di icul y o he
eade , while Wang Rongpei’ s ansla ion cen e s on he a ge -
language eade , simpli ying o dele ing cul u al images and
emphasizing he poe ic beau y o hyme[13]. The esea ch
demons a es ha he easoned applica ion o o eignizing
s a egies can acili a e equal cul u al exchange, o e ing aluable
insigh s o ansla ing Chinese classics ab oad. Tang Yang, by
s udying he ansla ion o eigh key e ms in Mozi ac oss se en
English e sions, disco e s a ecen end owa ds esis an
ansla ion and inc eased ansla o isibili y. This end helps
libe a e Mozi’s hough om Wes e n-cen ic in e p e a ions and
p omo es i s econs uc ion in he Wes . D awing on Venu i’s
ansla ion heo y, he s udy summa izes speci ic ansla ion
echniques o esis ing Wes e n cen ism, p o iding di ec ion and
e e ence o u u e ansla ions o Mozi [14].
Cu en in e na ional esea ch on Venu i mainly engages
wi h opics ela ed o he deepening o his heo e ical amewo k
and i s philosophical c i ique. In ecen yea s, in e na ional schola s
ha e del ed in o Venu i’s ansla ion heo y, explo ing i s
philosophical oo s, heo e ical conno a ions, and applicabili y
ac oss cul u al con ex s. Moshonkina E. N. in es iga es he
in ellec ual genealogy o he Ame ican ansla o Law ence Venu i,
pa icula ly his ela ionship wi h F ench pos s uc u alis heo y.
The s udy no es he signi ican , ye unde explo ed, in luence o
F ench philosophy on Venu i. I analyzes he heo e ical
connec ions and di e gences be ween Venu i and h ee F ench
heo is s—Foucaul , De ida, and Be man—while ques ioning he
common misclassi ica ion o Be man wi hin he pos mode n
heo e ical amewo k [15]. S ephen A. A. Noble poin s ou ha
Law ence Venu i’s p oposi ion in The Scandals o T ansla ion—
ha ansla ion is philosophy’s ―da k sec e ‖—has spa ked
conside able in e es in he ela ionship be ween ansla ion s udies
and philosophy [16]. Howe e , Venu i s posi ion is no simplis ic; i s
complexi y is based on he concep o he ― emainde ,‖ p oposed
by he F ench linguis Lece cle. Noble’s s udy aims o c i ically
analyze Venu i’s claim, cla i y he ela ionship be ween philosophy
and ansla ion, and e eal how he na u e o philosophical
language in luences conclusions. Khademnabi and Delzendeh ooy
explo e he his o ical dependency o Venu i’s o eignizing and
domes ica ing s a egies, seeking o explain how hese s a egies
mani es ac oss di e en languages. They ede ine o eigniza ion
as a me hod u ilizing ma ginalized elemen s wi hin he domes ic
cul u e, analyzing he ansla ion p ac ices o Pe sian ansla o s
Ahmad Shamlou and Mi Shamseddin Adib-ol-Sol ani[17].
Al hough hese p ac ices appea domes ica ing on he su ace, hey
possess la en o eignizing quali ies. By analyzing hei in ellec ual
o igins wi hin he I anian con ex , he s udy p oposes a pe spec i e
on o eigniza ion heo y applicable o non-English cul u es. YI and
Yeong-Houn o e a c i ical eading o Law ence Venu i’s Con a
Ins umen alism: A T ansla ion Polemic [18]. The a icle explo es
he de ini ion o ―ins umen alism‖ in ansla ion s udies and i s
adi ional discussion wi hin philosophy and humani ies, poin ing
ou ha he book esul s om a d ama ic shi in Venu i’s heo y. I
analyzes he in e nal and ex e nal con adic ions d i ing his
heo e ical ans o ma ion and e eals he key issues aised by he
book alongside hei po en ial nega i e impac s.
5. Conclusion
Th ough a sys ema ic li e a u e e iew and Ci eSpace-
based isual analysis o domes ic and in e na ional schola ship on
Law ence Venu i’s ansla ion heo ies om 2000 o 2024, his
pape e eals he dynamic e olu iona y ajec o ies wi hin global
ansla ion s udies ac oss dimensions such as
o eignizing/domes ica ing s a egies, ansla ion e hics, cul u al
poli ics, and ansla o subjec i i y. The esea ch inds ha he
ecep ion and ans o ma ion o Venu i’s heo ies in domes ic
schola ship exhibi a disce nible phase- ansi ion pa e n,
pa icula ly mani es ing in compa a i e s udies wi h Lu Xun’s
ansla ion hough , applica ions in ansla ing Chinese classics,
and he cons uc ion o c i ical discou se conce ning cul u al
iden i y, he eby e lec ing a pa h o c ea i e adap a ion wi hin he
Chinese con ex .
Concu en ly, in e na ional schola ship has ecen ly en e ed
an ac i e phase cha ac e ized by heo e ical deepening and a
ansmedia u n, ocusing on co pus-d i en empi ical esea ch,
in e disciplina y in eg a ion, and di e se p ac ices in eme ging
ields such as child en’s li e a u e and audio isual ansla ion,
he eby con inuously p opelling he me hodological i e a ion and
upg ading o Venu i’s heo e ical amewo k.
Al hough domes ic and in e na ional esea ch agendas
demons a e di e gen pa hs, agains he sha ed backd op o global
cul u al powe s uc u e ealignmen and he impac o he
echnological e olu ion on ansla ion e hics, Venu i’s ansla ion
heo ies con inue o exhibi obus explana o y powe and
adap abili y. F om philosophical ounda ions o p ac ical
applica ions, and om ex ual s a egies o discu si e e hics, he
co e o his heo y is pe pe ually ac i a ed, e ised, and ex ended
ac oss di e en con ex s, d i ing he pa adigm in ansla ion
s udies om logocen ism owa ds cul u al-poli ical c i ique, and
u he owa ds mul idimensional in eg a ion wi hin he con ex o
digi al humani ies.
Fu u e esea ch could u he explo e he ollowing
di ec ions: Fi s , deepening he discussion on he e hical con lic s
be ween o eignizing s a egies and AI ansla ion sys ems o
p o ide heo e ical suppo o cons uc ing a ansla ion no ma i e
sys em based on echnology-humani ies syne gy. Second,
s eng hening sys ema ic compa a i e analysis o mul ilingual and
mul i-con ex co po a o e i y he applicabili y limi s and cul u al
e-in e p e a ion mechanisms o Venu i’s heo ies in non-English
wo lds. Thi d, p omo ing heo y ― e e se expo ‖ based on Chinese
expe ience, explo ing he cons uc ion pa h o a ―Chinese School‖
o ansla ion heo y wi h cul u al agency wi hin he global
ansla ion s udies communi y. Only in his way can Venu i’s
ansla ion heo ies uly anscend ― heo e ical deba es‖ and
IRASS Jou nal o A s, Humani ies and Social Sciences Vol-2, Iss-11 (No embe -2025): 7-15
Vol-2, Iss-11 (No embe -2025)
15
ans o m in o a d i ing o ce o c oss-cul u al dialogue and
knowledge cons uc ion.
6. Re e ences
[1] Venu i L .The T ansla o ’s In isibili y, Rou ledge,
1995.
[2] Venu i L , Eb a y I .The scandals o ansla ion :
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