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Jou nal(home(page:((
h p://ijou nal.uz/index.php/ja es(
READING(AND(LEARNING(THROUGH(CRITICAL(THINKING(
Du bek'Mama qulo 1'
Qu bonali'Salimjono 2'
Fe uza'Raxma o a3'
'
Tashken (S a e(Technical(Uni e si y(named(a e (Islam(Ka imo (
DOI:"10.5281/zenodo.17544753"
A icle+His o y+
Abs ac +
Recei ed:"10.09.2025"
Accep ed:"06.11.2025"
This" a icle" explo es" he" concep " o " lea ning" h ough" c i ical"
hinking." The" main" goal" o " he" opic" is" o" highligh " he" essence,"
signi icance,"and" ole"o "c i ical" hinking"in" he"educa ional"p ocess."
C i ical" hinking" helps" s uden s" analyze" in o ma ion," e alua e"
e idence,"d aw"conclusions,"and"make"independen "decisions."This"
app oach"makes" he"lea ning"p ocess"mo e"ac i e," u ning"s uden s"
om"passi e" ecipien s"o "knowledge"in o"ac i e" esea che s."As"a"
esul ," eaching" becomes" mo e" e ec i e," and" s uden s" de elop"
c ea i i y"and"logical" easoning"skills."This"a icle"can"be"use ul" o "
s uden s"and"independen "lea ne s."
Keywo ds:"C i ical" hinking," lea ning," independen " hinking," analy ical" hinking," logical"
easoning," analysis" and" syn hesis," e alua ion" o " e idence," conclusion," independen " decision-
making,"educa ional"p ocess,"ac i e"lea ne ,"c ea i i y,"cogni i e"skills," e lec ion,"p oblem-based"
lea ning,"in o ma ion"analysis," esea ch-based"lea ning," eaching"e ec i eness,"exchange"o "ideas,"
inno a i e"pedagogy."
"
This is an open access a icle unde he A ibu ion 4.0 In e na ional
(CC BY 4.0) license (h ps://c ea i ecommons.o g/licenses/by/4.0/deed. u)
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1!Tashken !S a e!Technical!Uni e si y!named!a e !Islam!Ka imo ,!Tashken ,!Uzbekis an!
2!Tashken !S a e!Technical!Uni e si y!named!a e !Islam!Ka imo ,!Tashken ,!Uzbekis an!
3!Tashken !S a e!Technical!Uni e si y!named!a e !Islam!Ka imo ,!Tashken ,!Uzbekis an!
JARTES 4;3 IJOURNAL.UZ NOVEMBER, 2025
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TANQIDIY(FIKRLASH(ORQALI(O‘QIB-O‘RGANISH(
!
KALIT&SO‘ZLAR/(
КЛЮЧЕВЫЕ&СЛОВА:
ANNOTATSIYA/(АННОТАЦИЯ& &
Tanqidiy& ik lash,&o‘qib-
o‘ ganish,&mus aqil&
ik lash,&anali ik&
a akku ,&man iqiy&
mushohada,& ahlil& a&
sin ez,&dalilla ni&
baholash,&xulosa&
chiqa ish,&mus aqil&qa o &
qabul&qilish,& a’lim&
ja ayoni,& aol&o‘qu chi,&
ijodko lik,&kogni i &
ko‘nikmala ,& e leksiya,&
muammoli& a’lim,&
axbo o ni& ahlil&qilish,&
adqiqo ga&yo‘nal i ilgan&
o‘qish,&o‘qi ish&
sama ado ligi,& ik &
almashish,&inno a sion&
pedagogika&
Ushbu& maqola,& anqidiy& ik lash& o qali& o‘qib-o‘ ganish& haqida&
yo i ilgan.& Ma zuning& asosiy& maqsadi& anqidiy& ik lash& o qali&
o‘qib-o‘ ganishning& mohiya i,& ahamiya i& a& a’lim& ja ayonidagi&
o‘ ni&yo i iladi.&Tanqidiy& ik lash&o‘qu chila ga&axbo o ni& ahlil&
qilish,&dalilla ni&baholash,&xulosala &chiqa ish& a&mus aqil&qa o &
qabul& qilish& ko‘nikmala ini& shakllan i ishga& yo dam& be adi.&
Mazku & yondashu & o‘qish& ja ayonini& aollash i ib,& o‘qu chini&
passi &bilim&olu chidan& aol& adqiqo chiga&aylan i adi.&Shu&o qali&
o‘qi ish& sama ado ligi& o adi,& o‘qu chila da& ijodko lik& a&
man iqiy& mushohada& yu i ish& qobiliya la i& i ojlanadi.& Ushbu&
maqoladan& e kin& izlanu chila & a& alabala & oydalanishla i&
mumkin.&
!
Hozi gi' da da' a’lim' izimi' oldida' u gan' asosiy' azi ala dan' bi i' –' mus aqil,'
man iqan' ik laydigan,' muammola ni' ahlil' qilib,' o‘z' qa o ini' asosli' a ishda' qabul' qila'
oladigan'shaxsni' a biyalashdi .'Shu'nuq ai'naza dan,' anqidiy' ik lashni' i ojlan i ishga'
qa a ilgan' a’lim' yondashu la i' alohida' ahamiya ' kasb' e adi.' Tanqidiy! ik lash! o qali!
o‘qib-o‘ ganish'—'bu'o‘qu chining'bilimla ni' ayyo 'hola da'qabul'qilmasdan,'balki'ula ni'
ahlil'qilish,'solish i ish,'dalilla ni'baholash' a'o‘z'xulosasini'shakllan i ish'o qali'egallash'
ja ayonidi .'
Tanqidiy' ik lash'–'bu'inson' a akku ining'yuqo i'bosqichidi .'U'na aqa 'ma’lumo ni'
o‘zlash i ishni,' balki' uni' chuqu ' anglash,' ma jud' ik ' a' dalilla ga' nisba an' ahliliy'
yondashishni,' ula ning' o‘g‘ iligini' ekshi ishni' ham' o‘z' ichiga' oladi.' Tanqidiy' ik lo chi'
shaxs' ha ' bi ' ik ga' sa ol' be adi:' “Bu' dalil' qanchalik' asosli?”,' “Bu' ma’lumo ' qaye dan'
olingan?”,' “Boshqa' qa ashla ' bo mi?”' Shu' a zda' inson' a akku i' yanada' aol,' ongli' a'
anlo ga' ayyo 'hola ga'keladi.'
Ta’lim'ja ayonida' anqidiy' ik lashni'shakllan i ish'o‘qi u chi' a'o‘qu chi'o‘ asidagi'
an’ana iy'munosaba ni'o‘zga i adi.'Endi'o‘qi u chi'bilim'manbai'emas,'balki'yo‘lboshchi,'
yo‘nal i u chi' olini' baja adi.' O‘qu chi' esa' aol' ish i okchi,' adqiqo chi,' izlanish' olib'
bo u chi'shaxsga'aylanadi.'Bunday'yondashu ' a’lim'ja ayonini'jonlan i adi,'o‘qu chila da'
mus aqil'izlanish,'ijodko lik' a' ahliliy' a akku 'ko‘nikmala ini' i ojlan i adi.'
Tanqidiy' ik lash'o qali'o‘qib-o‘ ganish'ja ayonida'o‘qu chila :'
• Axbo o ni' ahlil' qilishni,' asosiy' a' ikkinchi' da ajali' ma’lumo la ni' aj a a'
olishni;'
• Dalilla ni'baholab,'ula ning'ishonchliligini'aniqlashni;'
• Muammola ga' u li'nuq ai'naza dan'qa ashni;'
JARTES 4;3 IJOURNAL.UZ NOVEMBER, 2025
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• Mus aqil'xulosala 'chiqa ishni' a'ula ni'asoslashni'o‘ ganadila .'
Shuningdek,' anqidiy' ik lash' o‘qu chila ning' kommunika i ' ko‘nikmala ini' ham'
i ojlan i adi.'Gu uhli'muhokamala ,' ik 'almashish,'bahs-munoza ala 'o qali'o‘qu chila '
o‘z' ik la ini' dalilla ' bilan' himoya' qilishni,' boshqala ' ik ini' inglashni' a' ahlil' qilishni'
o‘ ganadila .'
Tanqidiy' ik lashni' i ojlan i ishning'sama ali'usulla i'o asida'quyidagila ni'sanab'
o‘ ish'mumkin:'
• Muammoli!sa olla '–'o‘qu chini'chuqu 'o‘ylashga'undaydi;'
• “Aqliy!hujum”'(b ains o ming)'–' ik la 'oqimini' ag‘ba lan i adi;'
• Kichik!gu uhli!ishla '–'hamko likda' ahlil'qilish' a' ik 'almashish'imkonini'
be adi;'
• Deba la ! a! munoza ala ' –' man iqiy' ik lash' a' dalillash' qobiliya ini'
kuchay i adi;'
• Tahliliy!yozma!ishla '–'yozma'i oda'o qali' a akku ni'mus ahkamlaydi.'
Tanqidiy' ik lash' o qali' o‘qib-o‘ ganishning' a zallikla i' ko‘p.' U' na aqa '
o‘qu chila ning' aqliy' salohiya ini' i ojlan i adi,' balki' ula ni' hayo iy' aziya la da' o‘g‘ i'
qa o 'qabul'qila'oladigan,'mas’uliya li' a'ij imoiy' aol'shaxs'si a ida'shakllan i adi.'Bunday'
o‘qu chi' na aqa ' a’lim' ja ayonida,' balki' kundalik' hayo da' ham' o‘z' ik ini' asosli' a zda'
himoya'qila'oladi.'
Zamona iy' a’limda' anqidiy' ik lashni' i ojlan i ish' uchun' o‘qi u chila dan'
yangicha'yondashu ,'pedagogik' inno a siyala ' a' exnologiyala ni' qo‘llay'olish'malakasi'
alab' e iladi.' Axbo o ' exnologiyala i,' in e ak i ' usulla ,' maso a iy' a’lim' osi ala i' bu'
ja ayonni'yanada'sama ali' ashkil'e ish'imkonini'be adi.'
Xulosa' qilib' ay ganda,' anqidiy' ik lash' o qali' o‘qib-o‘ ganish' –' bu' zamona iy'
a’limning' aj almas' qismi' bo‘lib,' u' o‘qu chila ning' a akku ini' chuqu lash i adi,' bilimni'
aqa 'yod'olish'emas,'balki'anglab,' ahlil'qilib' a'amaliyo da'qo‘llashni'o‘ ga adi.'Shu'bois'
ha ' bi ' pedagog' a’lim' ja ayonida' anqidiy' ik lash' s a egiyala idan' oydalanishi,'
o‘qu chila ni' aol,'ijodko ' a'mus aqil'shaxs'si a ida'shakllan i ishga'in ilishi'za u .'
Foydalanilgan!adabiyo la !
1. Dewey,'J.'(1933).'How$We$Think:$A$Res a emen $o $ he$Rela ion$o $Re lec i e$
Thinking$ o$ he$Educa i e$P ocess.'Bos on:'D.C.'Hea h'and'Company.'
2. Ennis,' R.' H.' (1991).' C i ical$ Thinking:$ A$ S eamlined$ Concep ion.'Teaching'
Philosophy,'14(1),'5–24.'
3. Paul,'R.,'&'Elde ,'L.'(2006).'The$Minia u e$Guide$ o$C i ical$Thinking:$Concep s$
and$Tools.'Founda ion' o 'C i ical'Thinking'P ess.'
4. Facione,'P.'A.'(2015).'C i ical$Thinking:$Wha $I $Is$and$Why$I $Coun s.'Insigh '
Assessmen .'
5. Vygo sky,'L.'S.'(1978).'Mind$in$Socie y:$The$De elopmen $o $Highe $Psychological$
P ocesses.'Ha a d'Uni e si y'P ess.'
JARTES 4;3 IJOURNAL.UZ NOVEMBER, 2025
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6. Halpe n,' D.' F.' (2014).' Though $ and$ Knowledge:$ An$ In oduc ion$ o$ C i ical$
Thinking.'Psychology'P ess.'
7. Fishe ,' A.' (2011).' C i ical$ Thinking:$ An$ In oduc ion.'Camb idge' Uni e si y'
P ess.'
8. Lipman,'M.'(2003).'Thinking$in$Educa ion.'Camb idge'Uni e si y'P ess.'
9. Hasanboe a,' O.,' Rahimo ,' B.,' &' Ochilo ,' M.' (2019).' Pedagogika:$ O‘qu $
qo‘llanma.'Toshken :'“Fan' a' exnologiya”'nash iyo i.'
10. Yo‘ldoshe ,'J.'G‘.,'&'Hasanboe a,'O.'(2010).'Pedagogik$ exnologiyala $asosla i.'
Toshken :'“O‘zbekis on”.'
11. Ma lono a,' R.,' &' To‘ aye a,' O.' (2020).' Zamona iy$ a’lim$ exnologiyala i.'
Toshken :'“Iq isod-Moliya”'nash iyo i.'
12. Azizxodjaye a,'N.'N.'(2006).'Pedagogik$ exnologiyala $ a$pedagogik$maho a .'
Toshken :'TDPU.'
13. Nosi o a,'N.'(2021).'Tanqidiy$ ik lashni$ i ojlan i ishning$psixologik$asosla i.'
Toshken :'TDPU'ilmiy'ju nali.'
14. OECD' (2018).' The$ Fu u e$ o $ Educa ion$ and$ Skills:$ Educa ion$ 2030.'OECD'
Publishing,'Pa is.'
15. B ook ield,'S.'(2012).'Teaching$ o $C i ical$Thinking:$Tools$and$Techniques$ o$
Help$S uden s$Ques ion$Thei $Assump ions.'Jossey-Bass.'
'
