S uden Guide
D ones
in Alaska
h ps://si es.google.com/alaska.edu/d ones
LOWER KOYUKON ATHABASCAN
2
Wha is a d one?
D ones a e ai c a ha ly wi hou a
kk’ok’enaał ’oghenh (pilo ) inside. D ones come in many
shapes and sizes. Some a e small enough o i in he
palm o you hand, while o he s a e big enough o ca y
people. D ones a e emo e-con olled and some a e highly
ad anced obo s ha can mo e and make decisions.
D ones ha e many uses. They can ca y came as and
o he ools o s udy Ea h om abo e. They a e easie
and o en cheape o ly han a manned ai plane. They can
each places ha a e di icul o dange ous o people o
each on oo o in a ehicle. D ones ha e many uses in
Alaska. How migh a d one be used in you communi y?
image cou esy o ACUASI
Alaska has many exci ing
oppo uni ies o d one
esea ch. ACUASI a
he Uni e si y o Alaska
Fai banks is one o se e al
o icial d one es si e
loca ions ac oss he
coun y.
When [ he d one] wo ks,
hey can check whe e i 's
sa e o a el h oughou
he win e . They can check
di e en c eeks [ o see] i
i 's open o e hese idges
ha hey' e passing. They
can use i o a lo [o
pu poses]. I 's jus , you
know, eyes in he ai .
Ma ha Tu ne
Nula o, Alaska
Yok'enodzeedzYok'enodzeedz
D one "bumblebee in he sky"
3
D one Vocabula y
Alaska Na i e Values o Cu iculum: Hono You Elde s, See Connec ions, Know Who You A eAlaska Na i e Values o Cu iculum: Hono You Elde s, See Connec ions, Know Who You A e
Would you like o lea n Alaska Na i e language e ms ela ed o d ones? Wo k wi h
classma es o you eache o p ac ice he ocabula y wo ds in his bookle . Use he ca ds
p o ided in he d one ki , o p in hem a h ps://si es.google.com/alaska.edu/d ones/.
Ac i i y 1
˛
Kaska
Naukan Yupik
Sou he n Tu chone
Tagish
Tahl an
Tlingi
Tsimshian
Ha e
Aleu ian Islands
Tanana
Tanana
Uppe
Tanac oss
Ah na
Dena’ina
Cen al Yup’ik
Holikachuk
Deg Xinag
Uppe
Kuskokwim
Sibe ian Yupik
Si enik Koyukon
Inupiaq
Haida
Eyak
Alu iiq / Sugpiaq
Han
No he n Tu chone
Unangax
Nula oNula o
Noolaagh DohNoolaagh Doh
K auss, Michael, Ga y Hol on, Jim Ke , and Colin T. Wes . 2011. Indigenous Peoples and Languages o Alaska. Fai banks and Ancho age: Alaska Na i e Language Cen e and
UAA Ins i u e o Social and Economic Resea ch. Online: h ps://www.ua .edu/anla/collec ions/map/.
4
Nula o dialec :
Lowe Koyukon A habascan
English e m o ph ase
yok'enodzeedz d one "bumblebee in he sky"
ggaaggoz bi d
Naa 'oh. I 's lying.
Nodeno l’ee. I 's landed.
elege eagle
do son' a en
eł s'eyh wind
kk'ok'enaał 'oghenh pilo
Neenłaanh. See i .
Kk’onheedeneeyh. They' e wo king.
P ac ice hese ocabula y wo ds and lis en online by isi ing h ps://si es.google.com/
alaska.edu/d ones/.
Tha ’s so impo an , o be able o ha e [ he child en who a e membe s
o Na i e co po a ions] and ou child en speak in ou na i e languages...
You can’ ha e language wi hou cul u e, and you can’ ha e cul u e
wi hou language. I ’s go o go oge he .
Chie Bill Smi h
Valdez, Alaska
5
Ggaaggoz neełaanhuGgaaggoz neełaanhu
View o a Bi d
How is a bi d’s iew o he wo ld
di e en om a pe son’s iew?
A do son' ( a en) lying o e head sees
he wo ld di e en ly han you can see i om
he g ound. Tha is because a do son' has an
ae ial iew — a iew om abo e. Ha e you e e
climbed a all hill o looked ou he window o
an ai plane as i lies? How does being up high
change wha you can see? You migh no ice
ha when you a e on he g ound, you can see
ee unks and he walls o buildings. When
you ha e an ae ial iew, you see ee ops and
he oo s o buildings. You can also see a la ge
a ea om abo e han you can om he g ound.
The e’s a Na i e [saying]… he English
e sion o i is ‘Show me you pack so
I can ill i wi h mea ,’ and when you’ e
wa ching he a en lying up when you
a e ou moose hun ing… you say ha
in he Na i e ongue, and when he
a en is lying by and i lips i s wings
down — whe e ha wing is poin ing
down — ha ’s whe e you go o he
moose. He’s showing you whe e he
moose is because when you’ e done
skinning he moose, he e’s idbi s le
o he a en o ea .
Don Cha lie
Nenana, Alaska
pho o by MJ P es on
6
The e a e many ad an ages o a bi d’s eye
iew.
A do son’ ( a en), is a well-known
ggaaggoz in Alaska. Do son’ is an impo an
igu e in he spi i ual s o ies o many Alaska
Na i e cul u es. In he s o ies, Do son’
o en uses his ae ial iew o help him. Do
you know any Do son’ s o ies? How migh
Do son’ use his abili y o see om abo e o
his ad an age?
Like Do son’ and any o he lying
ggaaggoz, a yok'enodzeedz also has
an ae ial iew o he wo ld. D ones allow
people o see he wo ld om abo e, wi hou
ha ing o climb o a high heigh o ide in an
ai plane. I you could ly a yok'enodzeedz
anywhe e you wan ed, whe e would you go?
Wha would you like o see om abo e?
This ae ial image aken om a yok'enodzeedz shows a oad, ees and o he
plan s om high abo e. Can you see he shadows o he ees?
image cou esy o ACUASI
image by Daniel Walke , UAF/GI
Telege (eagle) is ano he impo an igu e in
Alaska Na i e cul u es and s o ies. Eagles ely
on hei bi d’s eye iew o hun p ey.
7
Ac i i y 2
Bi d's Eye View
Alaska Na i e Values o Cu iculum: Know Who You A e, Hono You Elde s, See Connec ionsAlaska Na i e Values o Cu iculum: Know Who You A e, Hono You Elde s, See Connec ions
Ha e you e e lis ened o a s o y elle sha e a s o y abou Do son’ (Ra en)? T y i ! As he
Elde sha es he s o y wi h you, hink abou he way Do son’ used ae ial and g ound-based
pe spec i es o achie e his goal. Then hink abou how you could use an ae ial pe spec i e o
achie e a goal.
illus a ion by Hannah Foss, UAF/GI
Ma e ials:
• "How Ra en S ole he Sun" by Ma ia
Williams
• "Kush aka: The One Who Si s and Wai s"
by Chie Bill Smi h
• "Ra en and he Sun" by Ma y Esmailka
(Koyukon)
• "Ra en Falls in Lo e wi h Goose" by
Ma hew Ti us
• Tea and e eshmen s
• Cups
• Pape
• Colo ed pencils
8
P ocedu e:
1. In i e an Elde o you class oom o sha e
a s o y abou Do son’. Welcome he Elde
and gi e hem a com o able place o si .
Se e hem ea o co ee and lis en closely
as hey sha e he s o y wi h you.
2. Think abou he s o y you jus hea d.
A wha poin in he s o y did Do son’
ha e an ae ial iew? A wha poin did he
ha e a iew om he g ound? How we e
hese di e en pe spec i es use ul? How
did Do son’ use bo h pe spec i es o
accomplish his goal?
3. D aw a pic u e o wha Do son’ saw.
4. Sha e you d awing wi h he Elde and you
classma es. Discuss: Did Do son’ ha e an
ae ial iew o was he on he g ound? Wha
ad an ages does Do son’ ha e by being
able o see om he sky?
5. Now d aw a pic u e om he pe spec i e
o ano he cha ac e om he s o y. Sha e
wi h a pa ne . Discuss how you second
d awing is di e en om you i s . How
do he wo cha ac e s see he same
se ing di e en ly?
6. As a class, discuss wi h you gues how
bi ds a e simila o and di e en om
d ones. Do son’ used an ae ial pe spec i e
when he was ying o achie e his goal.
How migh you use an ae ial pe spec i e
o achie e a goal?
7. Thank he Elde o sha ing he s o y wi h
you. You can make a hank you ca d, make
hem some a wo k, o help hem wi h
some hing o show you app ecia ion.
I'm Tlingi and my a he used o
o en imes ell his wonde ul s o y
"How Ra en S ole he Sun," which
I' e hea d mul iple imes. I 's a s o y
ha is sha ed by mul iple ibes wi h
di e en a ia ions bu I'm sha ing
he a ia ion as old o me by my
a he .
Ma ia Williams
Au ho Chie Bill Smi h shows a d um he made ha
illus a es an Eyak s o y o how Ra en s ole he
sun, moon and s a s.
image by Daniel Walke , UAF/GI
9
Wha kinds o da a can a
yok'enodzeedz collec ?
High de ini ion came a d ones use
many ypes o came as. La ge d ones can
ca y high quali y came as and many o he
ins umen s. High quali y d one came as
ake de ailed images a long ange. The
kk’ok’enaał ’oghenh (pilo ), scien is s, and
many o he s use hese de ailed pho os o
s udy wa e s, lands, wildli e o s uc u es
ha may be ha d o each. This is easie
han using a sa elli e o an ai plane because
d ones can be lown lowe and mo e p ecisely.
Yok'enodzeedzYok'enodzeedz
Bumblebee in he Sky
pho o cou esy o ACUASI
This came a d one is being used o inspec
he b idge. Be o e d ones we e used o his, a
pe son had o make he dange ous climb on o he
unde side o he b idge o pe o m he inspec ion.
I used a d one o ge coo dina es
o a plo o someone’s house…
We ge nice ae ial oo age o
ou cons uc ion and look o
plo s o ae ial iews o whe e he
building could go o whe e we
could ha e a new building si e
wi hou ha ing o walk he e o
cu e e y hing down. We can see
igh o e head.
S e e Robe s
Nula o, Alaska
16
pho o by Ma co Sil a | Unsplash pho o by Ka gona | D eams ime.com
pho o by E ic Tidwell | NPS pho o by W. Ca e | wikimedia
s'emaa
sp uce ee
k’ełdon'
dandelion
k'ełdon'
i eweed
'egheł
co onwood ee
17
Ac i i y 4
P ocedu e:
1. Use scisso s o cu ou you whi ligig om he
empla e.
2. Cu along do ed lines and old on solid lines.
A ach a pape clip o he ail o you whi ligig.
3. Wo k wi h a pa ne . Place a hula hoop on he
loo as a a ge o you whi ligig.
4. Li you whi ligig abo e you head and d op,
aiming o he a ge on he loo . As you
whi ligig wi ls o he g ound, announce
“Naaghelmeł l.” (I is spinning).
How Does a D one Fly?
Alaska Na i e Values o Cu iculum: Show Respec o O he s, See Connec ions, Hono You Elde s, Know Alaska Na i e Values o Cu iculum: Show Respec o O he s, See Connec ions, Hono You Elde s, Know
Who You A eWho You A e
In his ac i i y, you will build a whi ligig ha uses he same ype o wi ling mo ion a sp uce
seed and a d one o o use. When you d op you whi ligig, he ai p o ides esis ance ha slows
i down. As you build you whi ligig, hink abou wha you ead on how he whi ligig “ lies.” By
expe imen ing wi h he weigh , shape and posi ion o he blades, you change how as and how
much ai is pushed ou o he way.
Ma e ials:
• Scisso s
• Tape
• Colo ed pencils
• Pape clips
• Hula hoop
• Whi ligig empla e
• S opwa ch (op ional)
Ai esis ance
G a i a ional
o ce
Li
illus a ion by Ka he ine Bendall, UAF/GI
18
5. Reco d you obse a ions. Whe e did you
whi ligig land? Wha di ec ion did i all?
Can you coun he numbe o o a ions
you whi ligig makes as i descends o he
loo ?
6. D op you whi ligig 3 mo e imes.
Remembe o say, "Naaghelmeł l," each
ime you d op i . How migh you edesign
you whi ligig o change he way i lies?
Discuss:
• Wha did you no ice abou he way he
whi ligig lies?
• Did he whi ligigs u n in a ce ain
di ec ion? Why?
• How migh you make he whi ligig
o a e in he opposi e di ec ion?
• Why migh one s uden ’s whi ligig ly
s aigh down while ano he mo es
side o side?
• Do all o he whi ligigs emain in he
ai o he same leng h o ime? Why o
why no ?
pho o cou esy o ACUASI
19
Naa 'oh.Naa 'oh.
I 's lying.
How do hings ha ly change posi ion
in he ai ?
Bi ds a e ound in all ypes o en i onmen s, and
species come in all sizes and shapes wi h wings ha
a e adap ed o hei su i al needs. A do son' ( a en)
has ligh ea he s and muscles in i s wings which a e
ligh and s ong. These help o li he bi d’s weigh o
he g ound. Each do son' also has con ou ea he s
ha gi e i a smoo h shape. A do son' can change
di ec ion in mid-ai by wis ing i s ail o changing
he posi ion o i s wings. Inc easing o dec easing i s
speed can also change he bi d’s posi ion in he ai .
Ai planes mimic he shape o bi ds and use many o
he same s a egies o change posi ion in he ai .
images cou esy o alexas_ o os | pixabay and Fi 0002 | Flags a o os
Mos d ones ha e ou
p opelle s...I ’s a lo o
p ecision con ols...
Technology has inally go en
o a poin whe e you can ell
each [d one] mo o o do
exac ly wha you wan and i
does some eally cool icks. I
emembe seeing a d one do
he lips!
Ka s en Sie a
Fai banks, Alaska
20
image by Daniel Walke , UAF/GI
image by Daniel Walke , UAF/GI image cou esy o connie_s | pixabay
image cou esy o Zaim ul | pixabay
Look a he bi ds shown below. Ha e you seen hese bi ds whe e you li e? How do hese
di e en bi ds mo e di e en ly h ough he ai ?
melaalzene/de s'ene
Canada goose
maa s
gull
do son'
a en
elege
eagle
21
Wha ype o mo emen s can a
yok'enodzeedz (d one) make?
D ones a e able o mo e in se e al di ec-
ions h ough he ai . The yok'enodzeedz
is con olled om he g ound by he
kk’ok’enaał ’oghenh (pilo ). Mo emen s he
yok'enodzeedz makes a e based on which
di ec ions he kk’ok’enaał ’oghenh mo es
he h o les.
The mo emen s a yok'enodzeedz can
make eposi ion i in he ai by changing he
pi ch, yaw, oll and li o he yok'enodzeedz.
Changing pi ch causes he nose and ail o
he yok'enodzeedz o mo e up and down.
Yaw mo es he nose om side o side.
Roll is a ci cula mo emen (clockwise
o coun e clockwise) o he body as he
yok'enodzeedz mo es o wa d. Li is e ical
mo emen o he yok'enodzeedz body up and
down.
How do you sa ely ly a yok'enodzeedz?
I is e y impo an o ensu e a sa e
lying en i onmen be o e pilo ing you
yok'enodzeedz. Below a e 6 gene al
sa e y guidelines o ollow as a d one
kk’ok’enaał ’oghenh (pilo ).
yaw
pi ch
oll
1. Main ain a “line o sigh .”
2. Don’ ly o e people.
3. Lea n and ollow local d one ules.
4. I you wan o ly ou doo s, ge
clea ance om he FAA and local
au ho i ies, and pass he TRUST
exam.
5. Don’ ly in he da k o unde bad
wea he condi ions.
6. S ay below 400 ee al i ude.
6 Sa e y Guidelines
A UAF d one pilo demons a es sa e lying
p ac ices while lying a d one abo e Nula o, AK.
d one illus a ion by Ka he ine Holmg en, UAF/GI, pho o by Ma iah McNama a, ,UAF/GI
22
Ac i i y 5
Pi ch, Yaw, Roll, Li
Alaska Na i e Values o Cu iculum: Show Respec o O he s, See Connec ions, Ha e Pa ienceAlaska Na i e Values o Cu iculum: Show Respec o O he s, See Connec ions, Ha e Pa ience
D ones change pi ch, yaw, oll and li as hey a el h ough he ai . I is impo an o he
kk’ok’enaał ’oghenh (pilo ) o know and unde s and each di ec ion a d one can ly while pilo ing a
d one. Imagine you a e a yok'enodzeedz (d one). In his ac i i y, you will p ac ice mo ing you body o
demons a e pi ch, yaw, oll and li !
Ma e ials:
• D one Sa e y Video
• Pi ch Yaw Roll Anima ion
P ocedu e:
1. Wa ch Pi ch, Yaw, Roll Anima ion. Pay
ca e ul a en ion o how he con olle
causes he yok'enodzeedz o mo e.
2. Follow along wi h you body, mo ing as he
d one mo es. Desc ibe each mo emen
ype and wha di ec ion hey help a
yok'enodzeedz mo e in space.
3. In an open space, play a modeling
game. Use you body o ep esen he
yok'enodzeedz. Sp ead you a ms o
ep esen he wings ha hold he o o s.
You nose will be he on o he d one.
When you eache calls ou : pi ch, yaw, o
oll, ake hese ac ions:
a. Pi ch (d one has nose up o ail up):
old o wa d and bend backwa d a he
wais . Mo e in hese di ec ions back
and o h.
b. Yaw (d one nose mo es side o side):
Hold a ms s aigh ou o he le and
igh . Plan you ee and u n a he
wais o he le and igh .
c. Roll (d one nose mo es in a ci cula
mo ion as i mo es o wa d): Hold a ms
s aigh ou o he le and igh . A
you wais , il you body o he le and
hen il you body o he igh .
d. Li (d one mo es up o down
e ically): Squa down and hen s and
back up.
23
4. Wa ch he D one Sa e y Video.
5. Re iew he Sa e y Guidelines on page 21
o his s uden guide wi h a pa ne hen
discuss why each ule is impo an o
lying. Make a lis o o he sa e y ips ha
you lea ned om he D one Sa e y Video.
Why a e hese ips impo an ?
yaw
pi ch
oll
d one illus a ion by Ka ie Holmg en, UAF/GI
emo e illus a ion by Molly Pu man, UAF/GI
phone illus a ion by aozo a21 | ec eezy.com
Fn
pi chli
yaw oll
24
Who makes up a d one eam?
A e you eady o ly a yok'enodzeedz
(d one)? The e a e many di e en oles
and esponsibili ies ha a e in ol ed wi h
a success ul yok'enodzeedz ligh . A
kk’ok’enaał ’oghenh (pilo ) is esponsible
o ope a ing he yok'enodzeedz while
i is in he ai . The kk’ok’enaał ’oghenh
needs o wa ch he con olle and keep he
yok'enodzeedz in sigh . A spo e can help
he kk’ok’enaał ’oghenh no ice incoming
obs acles o look o haza ds ha may
appea . D ones can ha e echnical issues as
well. A echnician specializes in aking ca e o
he yok'enodzeedz and making su e all pa s
a e in wo king condi ion. Scien is s use many
ools and de ices o ga he he da a hey
need om a ligh . A da a analys in e p e s
he many ypes o da a collec ed by d one
ins umen s. In he able below, ake a look a
he ou oles lis ed in a yok'enodzeedz ligh
eam. Which ole a e you mos in e es ed in?
Would you like o y hem all?
Kk’onheedeneeyh.Kk’onheedeneeyh.
They' e Wo king.
image cou esy o ACUASI
A p o essional d one eam wo ks oge he o ly a yok'enodzeedz.
25
D one Fligh Team
Team Membe Du ies
Technician Cha ge phone and ba e ies. Check he d one be o e
use. Ins all he ba e y. Change he p opelle s i
needed. A ach phone o con olle . Place he d one on
he pad. Change ba e ies du ing challenges. O ganize
he ba e y cha ge o keep enough ba e ies cha ged
a all imes.
Kk’ok’enaał ’oghenh S a he d one and he eco ding. Manage he d one
con olle . Si o s and in one place. Fly he d one.
Follow he d one ia he li e b oadcas came a only.
Spo e Co-pilo he d one. Moni o he d one o ensu e ha
he d one is no in dange o hi ing ano he objec .
Communica e wi h he kk’ok’enaał ’oghenh o le hem
know i he e a e isks o obs acles nea he d one.
Da a Analys Assis he eam du ing he ligh and obse e he
p og ess o he ligh . A he end o each exe cise,
e ie e he ideo om he phone. Sa e a copy. View
he ideo eco ding. Discuss u u e imp o emen s wi h
he eam.
g aphics by Molly Pu man, UAF/GI
The e needs o be a le el o espec in cap u ing [da a], bu also espec ing
he equipmen and sa e y. I hink o people lying — going o e checklis s,
looking a he equipmen and being calm [a e impo an ].
Adam Demien ie
Fai banks, Alaska
