Shoulder joint angles in supine and upright imaging of the pre-operative reverse total shoulder arthroplasty patient

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A Ɵcle Ti le: Shoulde join angles in supine and up igh imaging o he p e-ope aƟ e
e e se o al shoulde a h oplas y paƟen
Ci aƟon: JSES Re iews, Repo s, and Techniques, (hƩps://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.go /41179466/)
JSES RR&T DOI: hps://doi.o g/10.1016/j.x .2025.08.006
Zenodo DOI: hps://doi.o g/10.5281/zenodo.17042123 
Henninge Lab, Ha old K. Dunn O hopaedic Resea ch Labo a o y
Uni e si y o U ah, Sal Lake Ci y, UT
hƩps://medicine.u ah.edu/o hopaedics/ esea ch/labs/ha old-dunn/g oups/henninge
This code analyzes scapulo ho acic and glenohume al join angles om subjec s p e-ope a e o
e e se o al shoulde a h oplas y ( TSA) using ana omic landma k da a om supine CT scans and
up igh sea ed biplane luo oscopy/opcal moon cap u e. Ana omical coo dina e sys ems o he
o so, scapula, and hume us a e de ined based on landma k posions, guided by ISB ecommendaons
(hps://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.go /15844264/) bu wi h a iances o gene a e consis en analyses
unaffec ed by pos u e and limi aons o clinical medical imaging. No ably, he s e num is used as he
de ini e ho ax Y-axis as i should be sel -consis en be ween bo h supine and up igh da a collecons.
The da a is o maed in he same manne as p io eleases o da a om:
- heal hy shoulde s (hƩps://doi.o g/10.5281/zenodo.14889478)
- shoulde s ae TSA (hƩps://doi.o g/10.5281/zenodo.16537557)
O no e, supine and up igh da a he ein a ose om some o he same subjec s p esen ed in he p io
eposi o y o TSA subjec s (e.g., Re e se_012, _013, _015, _016, _017, _018, and _019). The p esen
s udy used s ac esng neu al da a om he p e-ope a e isi (i.e., 00wk) which was no a ailable in
he p io elease (bu is included he ein). A ull elease o p e-ope a e kinemacs o 00wk is planned
o la e in 2025 and will be e sioned in he p io TSA eposi o y.
Da a con ained in he p esen eposi o y p o ide only deiden ied ana omic landma ks (in Ca esian
coo dina es). Sou ce DICOMs and 3D bone su ace models may be a ailable upon eques .
File naming con enƟon
G oup_subjec ID#_sex_age_side_ac i y_ ial#_da a
i. E.g., Re e se_002_F_64_R_s ac_ 01_ou pu .xlsx – a subjec wi h Re e se o al shoulde
a h oplas y, subjec #2, ha is Female, 64 yea s old, Righ side imaged, in he s ac esng
neu al pose, du ing ial #1, and his ile con ains all da a ele an o he subjec and ac i y
ii. S ac poses we e cap u ed in a esng neu al pose while sea ed up igh , wi h elbows lexed 90
deg ees, hands o wa d, humbs up
iii. No e: Subjec s ha e he addional quali ie “_00wk”. These subjec s we e pa o a s udy ha
collec ed bo h p e- (00wk) and pos -op (e.g., 52wk) mepoin s.
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P o ided Da a Files
CT Landma ks.xlsx A sp eadshee con aining he supine ana omical landma ks as measu ed om 3D
econs ucons o he bones in CT. He ein he necessa y landma ks included:
To so
- SN – s e nal no ch
- XP – xyphoid p ocess (o dis al s e nal bisec o [SB] i XP no isible)
- C7 – p ocess o he C7 e eb a
Scapula
- TS – igonum spinae
- IA – dis al p o he in e io angle
- GSC – pos -ope a e glenosphe e cen e (could subs u e he glenoid cen e
i his is a ailable in o he wise heal hy scapulae)
Hume us
- LT – lesse ube osi y o he hume us
- SCT – sha cylinde , op
- SCB – sha cylinde , boom
*_ou pu .xlsx Sp eadshee con aining he ana omical landma ks as measu ed om ma ke less
acking o biplane luo oscopy/dynamic s e eo adiog aphy da a. These shee s
ollow he o ma o p io eposi o ies on Zenodo.o g, wi h shee s o
demog aphics (shee 1), scapula landma ks (scapula), hume al landma ks
(hume us), and ma ke -based opcal acking o ana omic landma ks ( icon).
P o ided MATLAB Files ( equi es MATLAB R2021a o la e )
a1_C ea eTo soCS.m Sc ip o ans o m aw da a in o he o so coo dina e sys ems ( uns on
indi idual subjec da a)
a2_C ea eScapCS.m Sc ip o ans o m da a wi hin o so coo dina e sys ems o he scapula
coo dina e sys ems ( uns on indi idual subjec da a)
a3_ST_join _angles.m Sc ip o calcula e scapulo ho acic join angles om da a wi hin he
o so coo dina e sys ems ( uns as a ba ch on all subjec s in he olde )
a4_GH_join _angles.m Sc ip o calcula e glenohume al join angles om da a wi hin he
scapula coo dina e sys ems ( uns as a ba ch on all subjec s in he olde )
a5_s e numanalysis.m Sc ip o calcula e he syn hec xiphoid p ocess (XP) axis om s e nal
bisec o (SB) in supine CT (c ea e and e o ma da a in o he ile "CT
Landma ks – Co ec ed XP.xlsx").
a6_CTAnalysis.m Sc ip o compa e supine and up igh join angles (includes all ele an
calculaons o supine join angles om CT wi hin – s eps a3 and a4 do
he same o he up igh join angles).
o so_cs.m Funcon ha c ea es o so coo dina e sys em o up igh da a
o so_cs_c .m Funcon ha c ea es o so coo dina e sys em o supine da a. The only
diffe ence o o so_cs.m is ha he e is no looping o he calculaon.
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scapula_cs.m Funcon ha c ea es scapula coo dina e sys em o up igh da a
scapula_cs_c .m Funcon ha c ea es scapula coo dina e sys em o supine da a. The only
diffe ence o scapula_cs.m is ha he e is no looping o he calculaon.
hume us_cs.m Funcon ha c ea es hume us coo dina e sys em o up igh da a
hume us_cs_c .m Funcon ha c ea es hume us coo dina e sys em o supine da a. The only
diffe ence o hume us_cs.m is ha he e is no looping o he calculaon.
Folde s used by he code
Up igh inpu iles/00wk/ Con ains inpu iles o ana omic landma ks om subjec s in he up igh
sea ed esng neu al pos u e a he p e-ope a e (00wk) mepoin
To so CS Poin s/00wk/ Con ains iles o ana omic landma ks ecas in o he o so CS a he p e-
ope a e (00wk) mepoin
Scap CS Poin s/00wk/ Con ains iles o ana omic landma ks ecas in o he scapula CS a he p e-
ope a e (00wk) mepoin
Join Angles/00wk/ Con ains iles o scapulo ho acic (ST) and glenohume al (GH) join angles
c ea ed using he YXZ and XZY Ca dan sequences, espec ely a he p e-
ope a e (00wk) mepoin
Ins ucƟons
1. Run a1_C ea eTo soCS.m
2. Run a2_C ea eScapCS.m
3. Run a3_ST_join _angles.m
4. Run a4_GH_join _angles.m
5. Run a5_s e numanalysis.m
6. Run a6_CTanalysis.m
Da a and code p o ided in his eposi o y we e gene a ed wi h suppo om he NaƟonal InsƟ u e
o A h iƟs and Musculoskele al and Skin Diseases (NIAMS) o he NaƟonal InsƟ u es o Heal h unde
awa d numbe s R01 and R56 AR067196, and a Sha ed Ins umen aƟon G an S10 OD021644.
Re e o he ollowing publicaons o de ailed me hods o da a collecon and p io analyses
using da a om his eposi o y in s udies pe o med by ou eam:
1. Kolz CW, Sulka HJ, Aliaj K, Tashjian RZ, Chalme s PN, Qiu Y, Zhang Y, Fo eman KB, Ande son AE,
Henninge HB. Reliable in e p e aon o scapula kinemacs depends on coo dina e sys em
de inion. Gai Pos u e. 2020 Sep;81:183-190. doi: 10.1016/j.gai pos .2020.07.020. Epub 2020 Jul
25. PMID: 32758918; PMCID: PMC7484087.
2. Kolz CW, Sulka HJ, Aliaj K, Tashjian RZ, Chalme s PN, Qiu Y, Zhang Y, Bo Fo eman K, Ande son AE,
Henninge HB. Age- ela ed diffe ences in hume o ho acic, scapulo ho acic, and glenohume al
kinemacs du ing ele aon and o aon moons. J Biomech. 2021 Ma 5;117:110266. doi:
10.1016/j.jbiomech.2021.110266. Epub 2021 Jan 23. PMID: 33517243; PMCID: PMC7924070.
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3. Aliaj K, Fo eman KB, Chalme s PN, Henninge HB. Beyond Eule /Ca dan analysis: T ue glenohume al
axial o aon du ing a m ele aon and o aon. Gai Pos u e. 2021 Jul;88:28-36. doi:
10.1016/j.gai pos .2021.05.004. Epub 2021 May 8. PMID: 33989999; PMCID: PMC8316370.
4. Aliaj K, Henninge HB. Kinemacs- is: A Visualizaon Tool o he Ma hemacs o Human Moon. J
Open Sou ce Sow. 2021;6(68):3490. doi: 10.21105/joss.03490. Epub 2021 Dec 21. PMID:
35079685; PMCID: PMC8786220.
5. Sulka HJ, Zi nay JL, Aliaj K, Henninge HB. P oximal hume al coo dina e sys ems can p edic
hume o ho acic and glenohume al kinemacs o a ull bone sys em. Gai Pos u e. 2021 Oc ;90:380-
387. doi: 10.1016/j.gai pos .2021.09.180. Epub 2021 Sep 20. PMID: 34564010; PMCID:
PMC8585709.
6. Aliaj K, Law ence RL, Bo Fo eman K, Chalme s PN, Henninge HB. Kinemac coupling o he
glenohume al and scapulo ho acic join s gene a es hume al axial o aon. J Biomech. 2022
May;136:111059. doi: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2022.111059. Epub 2022 Ma 24. PMID: 35367838;
PMCID: PMC9081276.
7. Knigh on TW, Chalme s PN, Sulka HJ, Aliaj K, Tashjian RZ, Henninge HB. Ana omic o al shoulde
glenoid componen inclinaon affec s glenohume al kinecs du ing abducon: a cada e ic s udy. J
Shoulde Elbow Su g. 2022 Oc ;31(10):2023-2033. doi: 10.1016/j.jse.2022.03.028. Epub 2022 May
10. PMID: 35550434; PMCID: PMC9481675.
8. Knigh on TW, Chalme s PN, Sulka HJ, Aliaj K, Tashjian RZ, Henninge HB. Re e se o al shoulde
glenoid componen inclinaon affec s glenohume al kinecs du ing abducon: a cada e ic s udy. J
Shoulde Elbow Su g. 2022 Dec;31(12):2647-2656. doi: 10.1016/j.jse.2022.06.016. Epub 2022 Aug
2. PMID: 35931329; PMCID: PMC9669184.
9. Sulka HJ, Knigh on TW, Amoa o L, Aliaj K, Kolz CW, Zhang Y, He mans T, Henninge HB. In Vi o
Simulaon o Shoulde Moon D i en by Th ee-Dimensional Scapula and Hume al Kinemacs. J
Biomech Eng. 2022 May 1;144(5):051008. doi: 10.1115/1.4053099. PMID: 34817051; PMCID:
PMC8822462.
10. Sulka HJ, Aliaj K, Tashjian RZ, Chalme s PN, Fo eman KB, Henninge HB. Re e se To al Shoulde
A h oplas y Al e s Hume o ho acic, Scapulo ho acic, and Glenohume al Moon Du ing Weigh ed
Scapon. Clin O hop Rela Res. 2022 No 1;480(11):2254-2265. doi:
10.1097/CORR.0000000000002321. Epub 2022 Jul 20. PMID: 35857295; PMCID: PMC9555951.
11. Sulka HJ, Aliaj K, Tashjian RZ, Chalme s PN, Fo eman KB, Henninge HB. High and low pe o me s in
in e nal o aon ae e e se o al shoulde a h oplas y: a biplane luo oscopic s udy. J Shoulde
Elbow Su g. 2023 Ap ;32(4):e133-e144. doi: 10.1016/j.jse.2022.10.009. Epub 2022 No 5. PMID:
36343789; PMCID: PMC10023281.
12. Zi nay JL, Tashjian RZ, Walch G, Chalme s PN, Joyce CD, Henninge HB. Inlay s. onlay hume al
componen s in e e se o al shoulde a h oplas y: a bio oboc shoulde simula o s udy. J
Shoulde Elbow Su g. 2024 Jun;33(6):1377-1386. doi: 10.1016/j.jse.2023.10.015. Epub 2023 No
28. PMID: 38036254; PMCID: PMC11098709.
13. Zi nay JL, S ou MR, Pe cin B, Tashjian RZ, Chalme s PN, Joyce CD, Walch G, Henninge HB. Isola ed
hume al dis alizaon in e e se o al shoulde a h oplas y: a bio oboc shoulde simula o s udy. J
Shoulde Elbow Su g. 2025 May;34(5):1280-1290. doi: 10.1016/j.jse.2024.07.055. Epub 2024 Oc 5.
PMID: 39369948; PMCID: PMC11971388.