MRS Jou nal o Accoun ing and Business Managemen
Abb i ia e Ti le- MRS J Acco Bus Manag
ISSN (Online) 3049-1460
Vol-2, Iss-11 (No embe -2025)
This is an open access a icle unde he CC BY-NC license 1
TECHNOLOGY INFRASTRUCTURE OPTIMIZATION AND THE
DEVELOPMENT OF AGRO-ALLIED SMEs IN NIGERIA
D . OLOMI, P og ess O unda*
Depa men o Business Adminis a ion, Facul y o Adminis a ion and Managemen Ri e s S a e Uni e si y, Nkpolu O owo ukwo Po
Ha cou
Co esponding Au ho : D . OLOMI, P og ess O unda (Depa men o Business Adminis a ion, Facul y o Adminis a ion and Managemen
Ri e s S a e Uni e si y, Nkpolu O owo ukwo Po Ha cou )
A icle His o y: Recei ed: 16 / 07 / 2025. Accep ed: 28 / 10 / 2025. Published: 07 / 10 / 2025.
Abs ac : This pape examined he ole o echnology in as uc u e op imisa ion in he de elopmen o ag o-allied SMEs in Nige ia.
Following he ela ed challenges o illi e acy among a me s, poo unding and he lack o collabo a ion wi hin he Nige ian
ag icul u al sec o , he impe a i es o echnology in as uc u e op imiza ion a e examined in line wi h s eng hening and ein o cing
he compe i i eness, change ecep i i y and inno a i eness o ag o-allied SMEs. The Technology Accep ance Model (TAM) was also
adop ed as he heo e ical p emise and amewo k o delinea ing he ole o echnology in as uc u e o o ganisa ion e iciency and
e ec i eness. Li e a u e highligh ed ela ed echnology in as uc u e such as he IoT-based i iga ion sys ems, he Fa m Managemen
In o ma ion Sys ems (FMIS) au oma ed machine y such as GPS equipped ac o s and o he s; all o which pose signi ican ad an age
and use ulness whe e op imised. I was concluded ha echnology in as uc u e op imiza ion is use ul and se es he de elopmen al
goals o Nige ian ag o-allied SMEs wi h ega ds o compe i i eness, inno a i eness and su i al in he business con ex o he 21s
cen u y.
Keywo ds: Technology in as uc u e op imiza ion, SMEs, en e p ise de elopmen , Nige ian ag icul u al sec o , echnology
accep ance model.
Ci e his a icle: OLOMI, P. O. (2025). TECHNOLOGY INFRASTRUCTURE OPTIMIZATION AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF
AGRO-ALLIED SMEs IN NIGERIA. MRS Jou nal o Accoun ing and Business Managemen , 2 (11),1-4.
In oduc ion
Economies a e changing. Compe i ion is oday, ma ked by
a su ge in echnology de elopmen and inno a ion, and an
emphasis on alue alignmen ha is s uc u ed o no only ensu e
he su i al o business bu also i s e ec i eness (Akinwale e al.,
2023; Bha adiya, 2023). Mo e impo an ly, echnology
applica ions ha e in he cu en dispensa ion, acili a ed a di e si y
o business in e es s, models and amewo ks ha now suppo a
a ie y o unc ions, wo k sys ems, and ope a ions ac oss a ious
sec o s o he global economy (Ahmed e al., 2023). Mos o hese
include he eme gence o FinTech o ganisa ions, he g ow h in
hyb id and emo e wo k, he de elopmen and use o obo ics in
global e ail and supply chain o ganisa ions (Ahmed e al., 2023;
Damilola, 2022; Sodi o ich, 2023). Howe e , one a ea ha has
sca cely been add essed, when i comes o echnology
in as uc u e and he op imiza ion o such, is ha o ag icul u al o
ag o-allied SMEs, especially such wi hin de eloping A ican
Coun ies like Nige ia.
Ogino (2022) a gued ha gi en he po en ials, oppo uni ies
and exis ing capaci ies, he de elopmen o ag icul u e businesses
and SMEs has a he been disappoin ing. This obse a ion
esona es wi h he iews o nume ous schola s (Alde s e al., 2019;
Adewale & Belewu, 2022; Mahmood, 2011) who iden i y he
laxi y in e o s channelled owa d ag icul u e and he poo
a en ion o e ed owa d sus ainable ag icul u al policies.
Mahmood (2011) iden i ied he ag o-allied indus y as signi ican
o he wellbeing o he economy. Apa om i s ole in imp o ing
he employmen a e, s anda d o li ing and gene al supply and
dis ibu ion o ood and ib e, he ag icul u e indus y has also been
ecognised as i al in s i ing he economy om i s cu en
dependence on he oil and gas sec o ; a condi ion, mos a i m o
being unsus ainable. Mahmood (2011) u he no ed ha he shi
om oil and gas o ag icul u e, would demons a e since i y in he
economy’s long- e m wellbeing, and a mo e decen alised
disposi ion o p oduc i i y and de elopmen ; in ol ing all key
le els (mic o, meso and mac o) in he p ocess.
Rela ed esea ch (Imoisi & Eph aim, 2015; Ibeogu & Abah,
2016; Oji-Oko o, 2011) a i ms o he e idence o ope a ional lag,
poo in es men and weak unding o ag o-allied businesses and
he poo a en ion o e ed he Nige ian ag icul u e indus y. Ibeogu
and Abah (2016) examined he signi icance o pa ne ships, and
collabo a i e amewo ks in he de elopmen o ag o-allied
businesses in Nige ia. Acco ding o Ibeogu and Abah (2016)
pa ne ships, bo h in e na ional and local, suppo knowledge and
skill ans e and acili a e e ec i e ag o-allied ope a ions.
Simila ly, Imoisi and Eph aim (2015) obse ed ha he e is a need
o imp o ed pa icipa ion by s akeholde s in he ag icul u al
indus y. This is impo an in pooling ideas and in es men s,
MRS Jou nal o Accoun ing and Business Managemen Vol-2, Iss-11 (No embe -2025): 1-4
2
esou ces and hus con ibu ing a a ious le els o he
de elopmen and suppo o ag o-allied businesses. Howe e ,
he e is a pauci y o esea ch o s udies add essing he ole o
echnology in as uc u e op imisa ion in he de elopmen o ag o-
allied SMEs in Nige ia. This esea ch, hus, o e s a heo e ical
posi ion on he ela ionship be ween he a iables; d awing on he
Technology Accep ance Model (TAM).
Li e a u e Re iew
Technology Accep ance Model (TAM)
The choice, applica ion and op imiza ion o echnology
in as uc u e, builds on he unde s anding o he le e age
echnology o e s, and an accep ance o i s impe a i es in he
cu en business dispensa ion (Uwai o and Uddin, 2009). The
Technology Accep ance Model (TAM), de eloped by F ed Da is
in 1989 (Cau & Hu, 2002), desc ibes an app oach o echnology
accep ance and use ha d aws on wo majo ac o s, (a) he
pe cei ed use ulness o he echnology, and (b) he pe cei ed ease
o he use o he echnology. The pe cei ed use ulness o he
echnology, desc ibes he ex en o which e e en s o he
indi idual, conside s he echnology as impo an o necessa y, in
hei e ec i eness and he achie emen o ac ualisa ion o
objec i es and goals (Cau & Hu, 2002; Lee, 2009). To his end, i
add esses conce ns in line wi h ou pu compa isons, quali y o
p oduc s and he ex en o which adop ed echnology sys ems
ac ually enhance and imp o e on exis ing p ocesses and ope a ions
(He e al., 2017).
The second ac o , he pe cei ed ease o he use o he
echnology, bo he s wi h he ex en o which, he echnology is no
only cos -e ec i e, bu also easy o in eg a e and apply wi hin
es ablished ope a ional s uc u es and amewo ks. I de ails
conce ns o e aining, o he engagemen o s a in line wi h
manning ela ed echnology sys ems (Momani & Jamous, 2017).
Chen and Chen (2009) poin ed o he ex en o which such
pe cep ions shape he a i ude o businesses owa d echnology.
Acco ding o Chen and Chen (2009) hese can be conside ed legi
conce ns as hey also bo he on echnology con ol, e iciency and
he e ec i e moni o ing o p ocesses and ou comes. This aligns
wi h Chau and Hu (2002) obse a ion ha echnology can be
dis up i e. Despi e i s ela ed po en ial and p oposed signi icance
in o ganisa ional change and compe i ion, whe e poo ly managed
o con olled, echnology can c ea e disillusions o p og ess, while
in ac uali y, d aining he o ganisa ion o i s alues and deepening
i s deb h ough expenses.
Figu e 1: Technology Accep ance Model (TAM) (Da is, 1989)
Wi hin he con ex o his pape , he TAM is adop ed as a
heo e ical amewo k in expa ia ing he conce ns o echnology
in as uc u e op imiza ion; d awing on he pe cep ions, and
a i udes o businesses, g oups and s akeholde s owa d he
op imiza ion o echnology in as uc u e comp ising ha dwa e,
so wa e, ne wo k sys ems and o he s. Zamani (2022) linked he
poo adop ion and ocus on echnology in eg a ion in he
Ag icul u al sec o as a consequence o dis us and illi e acy
among a me s and ag o-allied en ep eneu s, no ing ha he
eluc ance o hese g oups o engage such echnologies in hei
ag o-allied en e p ises s em om hei a e sion o change and hei
p e e ence o exis ing adi ional a ming p ac ices, models and
sys ems. Such conce ns a e no only conside ed p ecau iona y in
iew o some nega i e expe iences, o example aud and
exploi a ion by hi d pa ies, bu a e also hinged on he SMEs
desi e o main ain con ol o hei businesses and en e p ises; hus,
p e e ing o main ain exis ing small-scale p oduc ions a he han
isk he loss o hei business in he echnology-based expansion o
de elopmen (Zamani, 2022).
Howe e , echnology in as uc u e op imiza ion en ails no
jus he adop ion, bu also he con ol and e ec i e in eg a ion o
echnology in he ope a ions o he business. Zamani (2022) a gued
ha he e is a need o a mo e s uc u ed and e hical-o ien ed
app oach o echnology use. This is supposed o s eng hen he
us in such sys ems, encou aging i s use and eliance, while
main aining i s in eg i y. This ag ees wi h he obse a ion ha
echnology sys ems and in as uc u e oday, equi e s ic e
measu es, especially in a coun y like Nige ia; gi en inc easing
conce ns o cybe c ime, and online aud. Likewise, Uwai o and
Uddin (2009) opined ha he in es men in echnology sys ems
should also inco po a e ela ed con ol measu es ha clea ly
es ablish ope a ional pa ame e s, moni o ing and essen ially,
e hical bounda ies ha emphasize anspa ency, and
p o essionalism. These a e c ucial in d i ing collabo a ion be ween
ag o-allied SMEs and s akeholde s, and also in acili a ing
sus ainable de elopmen o such en e p ises and o he sec o as
well.
Technology In as uc u e Op imiza ion
Technology is a cen al ac o in businesses and wo k
sys ems. I s condi ioning o unc ions, p ocesses and i s in eg a ion
o wo k ace s, con ibu e owa d ou comes o e iciency and
e ec i eness (Idd is, 2019; Salawu, 2008). Alabi e al., (2022)
asse ed ha echnology dic a es he quali y o wo k; acili a ing
he ex en o which unc ions and ope a ions u n ou seamless.
This ag ees wi h Salawu’s (2008) iew ha echnology can be
conside ed he pi o o o ganisa ional as i enables sys em luidi y
and cohe ence. These ea u es, as Alabi e al. (2022) poin ed ou ,
ad ance he s a egic and compe i i e pos u e o he o ganisa ion.
Howe e , he e idence o echnology, does no in a iably imply
he op imiza ion o e ec i e applica ion o such in he
o ganisa ion. S udies (Sodi o ich, 2023; D ydakis, 2022) indica e
ha despi e e idence o echnology and suppo i e amewo ks,
mos Nige ian indus ies, pa icula ly hose o manu ac u ing and
ag icul u e, ye ail o capi alize on oppo uni ies occasioned by
globalisa ion and in o ma ion echnology.
Technology in as uc u e op imisa ion, desc ibes he
in en ional and delibe a e ocus on he use and adequa e
engagemen o he o ganisa ion’s echnology sys ems. Akinwale e
al. (2023) iden i ied echnology in as uc u es as comp ising
ne wo k esou ces, ha dwa e, so wa e, da a s o age, ope a ing
sys ems, and all o which a e c ucial in enabling knowledge
managemen , connec i i y and he ans e o in o ma ion ac oss
a ious pla o ms, and le els in he o ganisa ion. Akinwale e al.
(2023) no ed ha echnology in as uc u e oday, de e mines he
MRS Jou nal o Accoun ing and Business Managemen Vol-2, Iss-11 (No embe -2025): 1-4
3
ope a ional capaci y o o ganisa ions; enabling change ecep i i y
and he de elopmen o ea u es ha a e impe a i e o d i ing he
economic conce ns and goals o he o ganisa ion. This ei e a es o
posi ion o (Ahmad, 2023) ha echnology, is he bed ock o
inno a ion and pe o mance in he 21s cen u y, gi en he cu en
ope a ional dynamics o he business con ex and he a ibu es
enabled h ough in as uc u e such as ha dwa e and so wa e.
The De elopmen o Ag o-Allied SMEs
Ag o-allied SMEs a e ag icul u e-based en e p ises ha
p o i om he ans o ma ion and u ilisa ion o a m p oduc s in
he c ea ion o inished p oduc s; such ha a e use ul and o e
alue o consume s (Mahmood, 2011). Ag o-allied SMEs a e such
ha comme cialise hei a m- ela ed ac i i ies, ad ancing
ope a ional s uc u es, designed o ensu e economic ad an age o
in e es om ela ed p oduc and se ice o e ings (Chau in e al.,
2012). N ale e al. (2015) desc ibed mos A ican coun ies as
ha ing a high po en ial o ag icul u e due o hei as a able lands
and a ou able clima es, bo h o which suppo and p esen
oppo uni ies o a ming and he expansion o ag icul u e.
Un o una ely, hese oppo uni ies and he ela ed p ospec s a e
la gely igno ed and ha dly de eloped. Apa om he poo le el o
in as uc u e and unding, N ale e al. (2015) a gued ha mos
a me s in Nige ia a e illi e a es and a e ha he e exis s a
signi ican gap in e ms o s akeholde ’s inclusion in go e nmen
ag icul u e policy o mula ion and implemen a ion.
C ea ing conduci e condi ions whe e businesses can h i e
and also enabling suppo i e amewo ks wi hin he ag icul u al
sec o , d i es in es men wi hin he sec o . This p omo es ac i e
pa icipa ion a all le els, including he de elopmen o ag o-allied
SMEs (A a e e, 2016). By de elopmen , one e e s o he
eme gence and e olu ion o ag o-allied SMEs ha a e equipped
and ha e he equisi e capaci ies o e ec i ely ad ance hei
business conce ns a he local and global ma ke s. De elopmen
also en ails ela i e s abili y, in e ms o policy consis ency. This is
impe a i e o us -based ela ionships o pa ne ships be ween he
go e nmen and he a ious s akeholde s o he indus y (Opa unso
& Adepoju, 2014; Se oglu e al., 2017). A a e e (2016) iden i ied
he changes in go e nmen ag o-allied policies, and he
inconsis encies in egula o y measu es as highly unse ling and
discou aging o in es o s. Acco ding o A a e e (2016), he e is
he need o b idge such conce ns, h ough imp o ed in eg a ion and
collabo a ion wi hin he sec o .
Technology In as uc u e Op imiza ion and he De elopmen
o Ag o-Allied SMEs
The de elopmen o ag o-allied SMEs, poin s o he
s eng hening and ein o cemen o he ea u es and ope a ions o
he ela ed en e p ises in ways ha ad ance hei compe i i eness
and capaci y o ma ch he pace o change in hei en i onmen o
ma ke s (Bha adiya, 2023). Ogi iki and A agbo o (2022) a gued
ha echnology sys ems c ea e ad an ages o businesses, enabling
a mo e esponsi e and e icien disposi ion, ha is impe a i e o
he s a egic pos u e and success o he business. Such ea u es a e
c ucial o ag o-allied SMEs, especially since i would p o ide he
basis o hei e ec i e adap a ion o he eali ies o hei
en i onmen , and he changing na u e and app oaches o global
ag o-allied business p ac ices and ma ke s. Resea ch (Salawu,
2008; Sodi o ich, 2023; Adeyemi e al., 2023) iden i ies a ious
o ms o echnology in as uc u e ha a e cu en ly applied in
mos de eloped coun ies, such ha ha e con ibu ed signi ican ly
o business and a me s ope a ions and which could also posi i ely
d i e he ope a ions and de elopmen o ag o-allied SMEs also in
Nige ia.
Mos common examples o he op imiza ion o echnology
in as uc u es, especially in Wes e n and Eu opean coun ies
include, he use o au oma ed sys ems and obo s in he
pe o mance o ou ine and epe i i e unc ions, o example, he
epe i i e sp aying o c ops, Sma i iga ion using IoT-based
i iga ion sys ems, he in eg a ion o Fa m Managemen
In o ma ion Sys ems (FMIS) which acili a es cloud-based in he
s o age and managemen o a m da a; enabling he acking and
moni o ing o such. O he s include au oma ed machine y, o
example he use o ac o s and o he a m equipmen , equipped
wi h GPS o e ec i e na iga ion and mechanised a ming
ope a ions (Adeyemi e al., 2023; Akinwale e al., 2023; D ydakis,
2022). The applica ion o hese echnology sys ems, ancho on
ensu ing a mo e con enien , consis en and in eg a ed app oach o
a ming; c ea ing a holis ic ou come whe e a ious aspec s o
a ibu es o ope a ions a e clea ly con olled and channelled in a
cohesi e and cohe en manne .
Conclusion
Technology in as uc u e is c i ical o he ope a ions o
businesses and g oups oday. I o e s an e icien and e ec i e
way o ha monising o ganisa ional unc ions and c ea ing a mo e
cohe en disposi ion owa d he pu sui o o ganisa ional objec i es
and goals. Wi hin he con ex o he Nige ian ag icul u al sec o ,
he op imiza ion o echnology in as uc u e, can acili a e
au oma ed a ming suppo o egula o ou ine a m asks, and
a ming managemen o a ming eco ds, ansac ions and o he
ela ed p ocesses. Technology in as uc u e op imisa ion, as
discussed in he pape , also ex ends o he enabling o amewo ks
ha suppo pa ne ships be ween o ganisa ions. Such in ol e he
use o sys ems such as he FMIS, which allows o knowledge o
in o ma ion ans e , h ough ne wo k sha ing and cloud-s o age.
In essence, echnology in as uc u e op imiza ion, can con ibu e
o condi ioning o he p ocesses and ope a ions o ag o-allied
SMEs in ways ha con ibu e o hei de elopmen , hus,
ad ancing hei compe i i eness, inno a i eness and capaci y o
h i e wi hin he dynamic business con ex o he 21s cen u y.
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