Co esponding au ho : Bayu Ris iawan
Copy igh © 2025 Au ho (s) e ain he copy igh o his a icle. This a icle is published unde he e ms o he C ea i e Commons A ibu ion Liscense 4.0.
SWOT analysis in spo ou ism de elopmen s a egy in na u al and cul u al ou ism
des ina ions in Indonesia
Bayu Ris iawan 1, *, Muluge a Debebe Da za 2, Suma no 3, E a 1, Hapsa i Shin a Ci a Puspi a 1, P iya Yoga
P adana 1 and Rahmawa i Al Adha Nikmah 1
1 Depa men o Spo , Facul y o Spo and Heal h Science, Uni e si as Nege i Su abaya.
2 Depa men o Spo Managemen , Facul y o Managemen and Economic, Shanghai Uni e si y o Spo .
3 Depa men o Physical Educa ion, Facul y o Educa ion Science, Uni e si as Madani Indonesia.
Wo ld Jou nal o Ad anced Resea ch and Re iews, 2025, 27(01), 1328-1336
Publica ion his o y: Recei ed on 04 June 2025; e ised on 12 July 2025; accep ed on 14 July 2025
A icle DOI: h ps://doi.o g/10.30574/wja .2025.27.1.2625
Abs ac
Indonesia has g ea po en ial o de elop spo s ou ism due o i s na u al weal h, cul u al di e si y, inc easing public
in e es in spo s and a heal hy li es yle. Howe e , he de elopmen o his sec o s ill aces a ious challenges, such as
limi ed in as uc u e, lack o in e na ional p omo ion, and limi ed ained human esou ces. Th ough SWOT
(S eng hs, Weaknesses, Oppo uni ies, Th ea s) analysis, his s udy iden i ies key s eng hs such as opical na u al
ad an ages and cul u al he i age and oppo uni ies in global ends owa ds physical ac i i y-based ou ism. The
heo e ical basis o his s udy is based on he heo y e e ing o Pa on's (2015) app oach o quali a i e esea ch. This
esea ch design uses a quali a i e desc ip i e app oach, using seconda y da a ele an o he esea ch objec i es. Da a
collec ion in ol es epo s consis ing o 1. In e nal s eng hs (S eng hs): Na u al esou ces, cul u e, in as uc u e,
local suppo , 2. In e nal weaknesses (Weaknesses): Limi ed acili ies, managemen , p omo ion, 3. Ex e nal
oppo uni ies (Oppo uni ies): Global spo ou ism ends, go e nmen policies, digi al echnology, 3. Ex e nal h ea s
(Th ea s): Compe i ion be ween des ina ions, en i onmen al damage, dependence on seasonal e en s. The documen
samples analyzed we e selec ed by pu posi e sampling and educed o ob ain he co e o he main p oblems. Quali a i e
da a we e classi ied and mapped based on a combina ion o SWOT using he SWOT ma ix o p oduce s a egies: a. SO
(le e aging s eng hs o ake oppo uni ies), b. ST (using s eng hs o o e come h ea s), c. WO ( educing weaknesses
by le e aging oppo uni ies), d. WT (a oiding h ea s by minimizing weaknesses). The indings o his s udy e eal ha
by imp o ing in as uc u e, s onge global p omo ion, and de eloping compe en human esou ces, Indonesia can
o e come ex e nal h ea s and become one o he leading des ina ions o spo s ou ism in he wo ld. Collabo a ion
be ween he go e nmen , p i a e sec o , and local communi ies will be he key o success in de eloping his sec o
sus ainably.
Keywo ds: Spo ou ism; Na u al ou ism des ina ions; Cul u al ou ism; De elopmen s a egy; SWOT analysis
1. In oduc ion
The de elopmen o spo s ou ism in Indonesia has become a ocus o a en ion in ecen yea s, along wi h he
inc easing o ganiza ion o in e na ional spo ing e en s and awa eness o he po en ial o spo s-based ou ism
(Nug oho A. e al., 2022). Howe e , he de elopmen o spo s ou ism in Indonesia s ill aces a ious challenges. The
less- han-op imal syne gy be ween s akeholde s, limi ed in as uc u e, and he lack o a ge ed p omo ion a e he
main obs acles o he de elopmen o his sec o (Azad e al., 2023). The e o e, a s a egic app oach is needed in
designing and implemen ing spo s ou ism p og ams so ha hey can make a eal con ibu ion o egional economic
g ow h, cul u al p ese a ion, and imp o ing public heal h (Ma kus H e al., 2023). Va ious s udies ha e analyzed spo s
Wo ld Jou nal o Ad anced Resea ch and Re iews, 2025, 27(01), 1328-1336
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ou ism de elopmen s a egies, p ima ily h ough he SWOT (S eng hs, Weaknesses, Oppo uni ies, Th ea s)
app oach.
Daud e al. (2024), in hei s udy on he 2023 FIBA Wo ld Cup in Jaka a, used a SWOT analysis o o mula e a s a egy
o de eloping spo s ou ism. They iden i ied s eng hs, such as he a ac i eness o he ou is des ina ion and
go e nmen in ol emen , and weaknesses, such as he lack o acili y managemen . Oppo uni ies iden i ied included
local economic g ow h and he de elopmen o in o ma ion echnology, while h ea s included he lack o e ec i e
p omo ion. The p oposed s a egy in ol ed ma ke ing planning, de elopmen o spo s ou ism concep s, go e nmen -
p i a e collabo a ion, and educa ion and p omo ion o spo s ou ism p og ams.
Ano he s udy by Nabila e al. (2024) emphasized he go e nmen 's ole in suppo ing he de elopmen o spo ou ism
as pa o an economic and social de elopmen s a egy. A li e a u e s udy concluded ha suppo om he go e nmen ,
p i a e sec o , and local communi ies is essen ial o inc easing local economic a ac i eness, encou aging social
de elopmen , and s eng hening cul u al iden i y h ough spo ou ism (Pe ić, 2019).
Se e al case s udies ha e been conduc ed o analyze he po en ial and s a egies o de eloping spo s ou ism in
a ious egions in Indonesia. Sukwika and Nu les a i (2024) also used SWOT analysis o o mula e a s a egy o
de eloping sus ainable spo s ou ism. They ecommended an agg essi e s a egy by s eng hening he po en ial o
spo s ou ism and in ol ing ou ism ac o s. Meanwhile, using SWOT analysis, Ma diyan o and Ok i asa i (2023)
analyzed he impac o he 2022 ASEAN Pa a Games on he local economy. They ound ha he e en posi i ely impac ed
economic g ow h and he p omo ion o local cul u e.
Muko e al. (2023) e alua ed he po en ial o spo ou ism on Lahe Island using he SWOT app oach. The esul s showed
ha he island has s eng hs in na u al beau y and spo s ac i i ies bu aces weaknesses such as inadequa e acili ies
and h ea s om wea he changes. O he s udies also ound ha de eloping spo s ou ism can posi i ely impac
inclusi e economic g ow h by empowe ing local communi ies in Sou h Suma a (Ha ahap e al., 2023).
Howe e , in p e ious s udies, u he de elopmen is s ill needed in he con ibu ion o booming spo ou ism in
Indonesia. The e o e, his s udy ocuses on he ollowing p oblems:
• Wha is he ole o in as uc u e de elopmen in suppo ing Indonesia's compe i i eness as a global spo s
ou ism des ina ion?
• How e ec i e is Indonesia's in e na ional p omo ion in a ac ing spo s ou ism ou is s?
• Wha is he quali y and eadiness o Indonesian ou ism human esou ces in acing global spo ou ism
challenges?
Wha s a egies can be implemen ed o o e come ex e nal h ea s and ealize Indonesia's posi ion as a leading wo ld
spo s ou ism des ina ion? How does he s udy ela e o p e ious wo k in he a ea?
The e o e, his s udy aims o analyze he de elopmen s a egy o spo s ou ism in Indonesia's na u al and cul u al
ou ism des ina ions h ough a SWOT app oach and o mula e s a egic s eps ha a ious s akeholde s can implemen
o c ea e a compe i i e and sus ainable spo s ou ism ecosys em.
Figu e 1 Theo e ical Resea ch Model
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2. Me hod
2.1. Resea ch Model
This s udy uses a quali a i e desc ip i e design based on seconda y da a analysis (Dong e al., 2022). Seconda y da a
we e ob ained om eliable sou ces: 1. O icial go e nmen epo s (Kemenpa ek a , Bappenas, Tou ism O ice), 2.
Academic publica ions (na ional and in e na ional jou nals), 3. Spo s ou ism e en documen s (p oposals, ac i i y
epo s), 3. O icial websi es o o ganize s and online media. This s udy aims o desc ibe he ac ual condi ions o spo
ou ism de elopmen in Indonesia and analyze hem h ough he SWOT (S eng hs, Weaknesses, Oppo uni ies,
Th ea s) app oach (Shao, 2020).
2.2. Resea ch Pa icipan s
This s udy ocuses on ele an uni s o analysis in a quali a i e con ex . These uni s a e: 1. In e nal s eng hs (S eng hs):
Na u al esou ces, cul u e, in as uc u e, local suppo ; 2. In e nal weaknesses (Weaknesses): Limi ed acili ies,
managemen , p omo ion, 3. Ex e nal oppo uni ies (Oppo uni ies): Global spo ou ism ends, go e nmen policies,
digi al echnology, 3. Ex e nal h ea s (Th ea s): Compe i ion be ween des ina ions, en i onmen al damage, and
dependence on seasonal e en s (Ka akoullis e al., 2002). The sample o documen s analyzed was selec ed by pu posi e
sampling: 1. 3 na ional ou ism policy epo s, 2. 5 in e na ional jou nal a icles ela ed o spo ou ism, 3. 3–10 case
s udies o na u al and cul u al spo ou ism des ina ions in Indonesia.
2.3. Resea ch Analysis
The analysis was conduc ed in h ee s ages: 1. Da a Reduc ion: Selec ing seconda y da a ele an o he esea ch
objec i es; SWOT Classi ica ion: Ca ego izing in o ma ion in o ou SWOT elemen s (S, W, O, T); 2. S a egy Mapping:
De eloping s a egies based on a combina ion o SWOT using he SWOT ma ix o p oduce s a egies: a. SO (le e aging
s eng hs o ake oppo uni ies), b. ST (using s eng hs o o e come h ea s), c. WO ( educing weaknesses by le e aging
oppo uni ies), d. WT (a oiding h ea s by minimizing weaknesses). The analysis was conduc ed hema ically and
in e p e i ely, e e ing o Pa on's (2015) app oach o quali a i e esea ch (Nowell e al., 2017).
3. Resul s
3.1. Da a Reduc ion o O icial Go e nmen Repo 2020 – 2024
Da a educ ion is done by so ing and il e ing seconda y in o ma ion ele an o he esea ch ocus. The da a sou ces
analyzed a e: 1. O icial go e nmen epo s, including Tou ism and C ea i e Economy S a is ics 2020 (Kemenpa ek a ),
which eco ds he con ibu ion o spo ou ism o domes ic ou ism; 2. Repo on he Coo dina ion o Inc easing he
T a el and Tou ism Compe i i eness Index (TTCI) ac oss sec o s in 2021; and 3. Repo on he 2024 Spo s
De elopmen Index Spo s Indus y: A New Sou ce o Economic G ow h.
F om he da a educ ion p ocess (Pa on, 1994) selec ion and simpli ica ion o ele an da a on he s a egy o
de eloping na u e and cul u e-based spo ou ism in Indonesia in he 2020 Tou ism and C ea i e Economy S a is ics
epo (Kemenpa ek a ) i has been ound: 1. The numbe o o eign ou is isi s has allen d as ically due o he COVID-
19 pandemic, bu he e has been a shi in in e es in na u e-based and i ness ou ism, 2. Domes ic ou ism is eco e ing
in moun ain, beach, and na ional pa k des ina ions wi h spo -based ac i i y ends (hiking, ail unning, bicycle ou s);
3. The ole o c ea i e economy sub-sec o s such as e en o ganize s, digi al media, and me chandise is inc easing in
suppo ing spo s-based ac i i ies.
Then, he educ ion in he 2021 C oss-sec o T a el and Tou ism Compe i i eness Index (TTCI) Coo dina ion Repo
ound he ollowing esul s: 1. Indonesia's anking in he TTCI ell, especially in he In as uc u e, Enabling
En i onmen , and Heal h & Hygiene pilla s, 2. Na u al Resou ces and Cul u al Resou ces & Business T a el emained
high ( anked in he op 20 in he wo ld), 3. Signi ican challenges in coo dina ion be ween sec o s (cen al- egional),
limi ed spa ial da a, and ou ism digi aliza ion a e p esen .
The key da a ha was u he educed was aken om he 2024 Spo s De elopmen Index Repo , which includes: 1.
The spo s indus y in Indonesia is p ojec ed o be a new d i e o economic g ow h (con ibu ion o GDP is s ill <1%),
2. Spo s ou ism e en s ha e high po en ial bu a e no s anda dized and a e cons ained by acili ies and human
esou ces o o ganize s; 3. The o ma ion o a spo s ecosys em in se e al p o inces, such as Eas Ja a, Bali, and NTT,
is no ye e enly dis ibu ed na ionally.
Wo ld Jou nal o Ad anced Resea ch and Re iews, 2025, 27(01), 1328-1336
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3.2. Da a Reduc ion o In e na ional Jou nals on Spo Tou ism
Zhang (2023), in he In e na ional Jou nal on Seman ic Web and In o ma ion Sys ems, highligh ed he impo ance o
in eg a ing spo s ou ism wi h local na u al and cul u al po en ial in Hainan, China. The s udy emphasized ha he
main s eng h o he des ina ion is he di e si y o unique local ecosys ems and cul u es, which, i inno a i ely packaged
in he o m o spo ou ism, can inc ease he compe i i eness o egional ou ism.
Ano he s udy by Yamashi a (2022) highligh ed ha des ina ions combining spo s ac i i ies such as ma a hons,
cycling, and wa e spo s wi h cul u al a ac ions ha e a ac ed a wide ange o ou is s. They also unde lined he
impo ance o c oss-sec o collabo a ion, especially be ween local go e nmen s, ou ism indus y playe s, and local
communi ies, o ensu e he sus ainabili y o he s a egy. This is in line wi h he Indonesian con ex , whe e coo dina ion
be ween he Minis y o You h and Spo s, he Minis y o Tou ism and C ea i e Economy, and local go e nmen s is
c ucial o he success o spo s ou ism.
Meanwhile, in e ms o weaknesses, a s udy by Higham, J., & Hinch, T. (2009) s a ed ha he main challenge in
de eloping spo s ou ism lies in he lack o long- e m planning and dependence on la ge-scale e en s wi hou p og am
con inui y. Shao & Sun (2020), in he s udy "SWOT Analysis o Coas al Spo s Tou ism", added a SWOT analysis o he
de elopmen o coas al spo s ou ism in coas al a eas o China. F om his s udy, i was ound ha he e is a need o a
sus ainable de elopmen s a egy, inc easing en i onmen al awa eness, and di e si ying coas al spo s ou ism
p oduc s o inc ease he compe i i eness o des ina ions.
Meanwhile, Dong e al. (2022) analyzed he de elopmen o spo ou ism in Hainan, China, using a SWOT app oach
co e ing 12 main dimensions: b anding, cul u e, inance, in as uc u e, loca ion, ma ke , na u e, policy, p oduc ,
uniqueness, sus ainabili y, and ou is s. F om his s udy, ecommenda ions o i e de elopmen di ec ions we e
ob ained: emphasizing e en -o ien ed spo s ou ism, p io i izing spo s mo i a ion, iden i ying he p ima y ma ke
o spo s ou ism, u ilizing esou ces a ionally, and os e ing a spo s cul u e.
3.3. Indonesian Jou nal Da a Reduc ion Rega ding Spo Tou ism
Based on a hema ic analysis o se e al Indonesian jou nals discussing spo s ou ism du ing he 2020–2024 pe iod,
ou main hemes we e ound ha ep esen SWOT (S eng hs, Weaknesses, Oppo uni ies, and Th eads) in he
de elopmen o his sec o .
In e ms o s eng h, he po en ial o na u al and cul u al di e si y in Indonesia is he main a ac ion ha is o en
men ioned in a ious s udies, as e ealed by Damayan i e al. (2021) and Hidaya e al. (2023), which highligh s he
ad an ages o des ina ions such as Lake Poso, Singa aja, and Go on alo. In addi ion, in as uc u e suppo h ough he
cons uc ion o spo s acili ies such as he Mandalika Ci cui and policy suppo om he go e nmen s eng hen he
ounda ion o de eloping na ional spo s ou ism (Ca aka, 2023). Holding in e na ional spo ing e en s, such as he
2023 FIBA Wo ld Cup and he 2023 U-17 Wo ld Cup, also s eng hens Indonesia's posi ion on he global spo s ou ism
s age (Na ayana e al., 2023).
Howe e , he mos p ominen weakness is he limi ed human esou ces (HR) and suppo ing acili ies, especially in
new des ina ions and non-p io i y a eas. This is in line wi h he indings o Dewi and Asnawi (2021), who unde lined
he lack o aining and manage ial capaci y a he local le el. In addi ion, he less in eg a ed p omo ional s a egy and
he less han op imal in ol emen o local communi ies also become s uc u al obs acles in expanding he posi i e
impac s o spo ou ism (Pu i e al., 2020).
F om an oppo uni y pe spec i e, he inc easing end o in e es in physical and na u e-based ou ism pos -pandemic
p o ides new space o de eloping inno a i e spo s ou ism p oduc s (Julian i e al., 2022). Se e al s udies, such as
hose conduc ed by Chang e al. (2023), s a e ha spo s ou ism is inc easingly in demand by he younge gene a ion,
who p io i ize a heal hy li es yle and unique expe iences. Policy suppo such as he Na ional Spo s G and Design
(DBON) also c ea es syne gy be ween he ou ism and spo s sec o s o egional de elopmen and local economic
empowe men .
Meanwhile, h ea s o he sus ainabili y o spo s ou ism in Indonesia canno be igno ed. Compe i ion wi h coun ies
in he ASEAN egion, such as Thailand and Vie nam, is a challenge ha needs o be an icipa ed h ough di e en ia ion
and imp o ing se ice quali y (Sa ya e al. (2024). In addi ion, dependence on la ge-scale e en s wi hou sus ainable
de elopmen suppo can ap his sec o in a cycle o economic dependency on e en s. Global economic unce ain y
and he po en ial o u u e heal h c ises a e also ac o s ha can hinde he s abili y o spo s ou ism de elopmen
(Mi ehie, 2021).
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This discussion shows ha he SWOT-based spo ou ism de elopmen app oach can p o ide a comp ehensi e pic u e
o Indonesia's s a egic posi ion. S eng hening in e nal s eng hs, educing s uc u al weaknesses, u ilizing global
end oppo uni ies, and mi iga ing ex e nal h ea s mus be ca ied ou simul aneously and planned. This aligns wi h
he hema ic and in e p e a i e app oach de eloped by Miles and Hube man (1994), whe e da a is ca ego ized and
in e p e ed o suppo he o mula ion o mo e con ex ual and sus ainable de elopmen s a egies. Da a educ ion om
se e al Indonesian jou nals can be seen in he able below. F om he hi d da a educ ion, he da a has been in e p e ed
in Table 1:
Table 1 SWOT Ma ix o De eloping Na u e & Cul u e-Based Spo Tou ism in Indonesia
Aspec
Fac o s
Re e ence Sou ce
S eng hs
High na u al and cul u al di e si y
Damayan i e . al., 2021
In as uc u e suppo (Mandalika Ci cui , na ional spo s
enues)
Hidaya e . al., 2023 Kemenpa ek a
(2020)
Na ional policy commi men (RPJMN, DBON)
Dong e al., 2022
Weakness
Dependence on big e en s
Mi ehie, 2021
Lack o in e na ional p omo ion
Lapo an TCCI (2021)
The quali y o ou ism se ices and human esou ces is
s ill low
Shao & Sun, 2020
Oppo uni ies
Global ends in spo s and na u e-based ou ism
Dong e al., 2022
La ge domes ic ou ism ma ke
Kemenpo a (2024)
Suppo o ASEAN Spo Tou ism Agenda
Shao & Sun, 2020, Lapo an TCCI
(2021)
Th eads
Regional compe i ion om Thailand, Vie nam
Sa ya e al. (2024)
Economic dependency on e en s
Damayan i e . al., 2021
Risk o en i onmen al deg ada ion wi hou sus ainabili y
Dong e . al., 2022, Shao & Sun, 2020
4. Discussion
4.1. SO S a egy (U ilizing S eng hs o Take Oppo uni ies)
Indonesia has ex ao dina y na u al di e si y and ich cul u e, which can be u ilized o inc ease he a ac i eness o
spo s ou ism des ina ions. Indonesia's na u al des ina ions, such as he beaches in Bali, Nias, o Men awai Island, ha e
g ea po en ial o wa e spo s such as su ing. In con as , moun ains such as Moun Rinjani and B omo o e
oppo uni ies o ex eme spo s such as hiking and ail unning (P ase yo, 2025). Wi h he inc easing global in e es
in ex eme and ou doo spo s, Indonesia has an excellen oppo uni y o hos mo e in e na ional spo ing e en s, such
as he Tou de Singka ak and he Bali Ma a hon. The e o e, op imizing he po en ial o local na u e and cul u e in
spo ing e en s can a ac in e na ional ou is s while in oducing Indonesian cul u e mo e widely (Si epu, 2019). The
go e nmen and p i a e sec o mus wo k oge he o p omo e hese e en s h ough in e na ional pla o ms o expand
ma ke each (Ha ison-Hill, 2005).
4.2. ST S a egy (Using S eng hs o O e come Th ea s)
Al hough Indonesia has g ea po en ial in he spo s ou ism sec o , he coun y aces h ea s om global compe i ion
and economic and poli ical unce ain y challenges. Howe e , Indonesia's main s eng hs, namely he go e nmen 's
commi men o he ou ism sec o and in as uc u e de elopmen , can be u ilized o o e come hese h ea s. The
Indonesian go e nmen has launched he "Wonde ul Indonesia" p og am, which can be maximized o p omo e spo s
ou ism des ina ions globally (BPS, 2023). In addi ion, de eloping spo s in as uc u e such as s adiums and
in e na ional aining acili ies can ensu e ha Indonesia is he leading choice o global spo s e en s despi e he h ea
o an economic c isis. Imp o ing he quali y o global p omo ion and ocusing on he in e na ional ma ke can help
Indonesia compe e wi h neighbou ing coun ies such as Thailand and Malaysia, which also ac i ely p omo e spo s
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ou ism (Sukwika e al., 2024). By le e aging he powe o go e nmen p omo ion and de eloping spo s acili ies,
Indonesia can a ac mo e ou is s despi e ex e nal h ea s.
4.3. WO S a egy (Reducing Weaknesses by U ilizing Oppo uni ies)
One o he main weaknesses mus be add essed is he lack o global p omo ion and limi ed human esou ces (HR)
ained o manage in e na ional spo ing e en s (Ma u a, 2023). Al hough Indonesia has g ea po en ial, many people
s ill do no know o a e no amilia wi h Indonesian spo s ou ism a he in e na ional le el. The e o e, Indonesia
needs o ocus on inc easing global p omo ion h ough digi al pla o ms and in e na ional coope a ion o ake
ad an age o exis ing oppo uni ies, such as inc easing ou is in e es in spo s and in e na ional e en s. Gi en he
inc easing numbe o millennials and Gen Z in e es ed in spo s and a heal hy li es yle, Indonesia can s eng hen i s
e o s o de elop p og ams emphasising communi y-based spo s and spo ing e en s ha appeal o his age g oup
(Jiang e al., 2023). In addi ion, imp o ing he quali y o aining and de elopmen o HR o manage spo ing e en s can
be done h ough collabo a ion wi h coun ies ha a e mo e ad anced in spo s ou ism. This aining will imp o e he
abili y o indus y playe s o o ganize p o essional in e na ional e en s and a ac mo e o eign isi o s (A iani, 2023).
4.4. WT S a egy (A oiding Th ea s by Minimizing Weaknesses)
To ace ex e nal h ea s such as economic c ises, na u al disas e s, and global compe i ion, as well as o minimize
exis ing weaknesses, Indonesia needs o s eng hen coo dina ion be ween s akeholde s and ensu e mo e equi able
de elopmen o spo s in as uc u e. Many spo s des ina ions in Indonesia s ill lack adequa e acili ies, especially
ou side Bali and Yogyaka a (Ha ianja, 2022). The e o e, in es men in spo s in as uc u e de elopmen in a eas wi h
g ea po en ial should be a p io i y. In addi ion, p epa ing con ingency plans ha include mi iga ion measu es agains
na u al disas e s o o he ex e nal dis u bances can help he sec o con inue o g ow despi e h ea s (Gha ibpoo ,
2024). Indonesia can minimise hese weaknesses by s eng hening go e nmen and p i a e sec o coope a ion,
op imizing local esou ces, and being be e p epa ed o ace possible challenges.
Figu e 2 SO, ST, WO and WT In e p e a i e S a egies
5. Conclusion
F om he esul s o he SWOT analysis o he de elopmen o spo s ou ism in Indonesia, i was ound ha spo s
ou ism in Indonesia has g ea po en ial bu equi es clea s a egic s eps o maximize exis ing s eng hs, such as
Wo ld Jou nal o Ad anced Resea ch and Re iews, 2025, 27(01), 1328-1336
1334
o e coming weaknesses and aking ad an age o eme ging oppo uni ies. Wi h imp o ed in as uc u e, s onge
global p omo ion, and compe en human esou ce de elopmen , Indonesia can o e come ex e nal h ea s and become
one o he leading des ina ions o spo ou ism in he wo ld. Collabo a ion be ween he go e nmen , p i a e sec o ,
and local communi ies will be he key o success in de eloping his sec o sus ainably.
Compliance wi h e hical s anda ds
Acknowledgmen s
The au ho s would like o hank he Facul y o Spo s and Heal h Sciences, Uni e si as Nege i Su abaya, Indonesia o
inancial suppo and acili ies in his esea ch.
Disclosu e o con lic o in e es
No con lic o in e es o be disclosed.
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