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MODERN INTERNET VOCABULARY IN ENGLISH AND RUSSIAN:
SIMILARITIES AND BORROWINGS
Xoqbe diye a Dilno a Abdi axma qizi
S uden o Uzbek Na ional Pedagogical Uni e si y
Email:dilna ohaqbe diye [email protected]
Scien i ic supe iso :
Nishono a Sayyo a Saido na
Uzbek Na ional Pedagogical Uni e si y Depa men o he Theo y and Me hodology
o English
Email: nishono asayyo [email protected]
Abs ac :The apid g ow h o digi al communica ion has in oduced a wide ange o
new lexical i ems in o con empo a y languages. English, as he global language o
echnology, has had a pa icula ly s ong in luence on he de elopmen o in e ne
ocabula y in o he languages, including Russian. This a icle explo es he simila i ies,
bo owings, and linguis ic mechanisms ha shape mode n English and Russian in e ne
ocabula y. I examines di ec loanwo ds, seman ic ex ensions, phone ic adap a ions,
hyb id cons uc ions, and he cul u al and social ac o s ha con ibu e o c oss-
linguis ic exchange. The indings show ha online discou se encou ages linguis ic
con e gence and c ea i i y, esul ing in sha ed digi al e minology ac oss bo h
languages.
Keywo ds:In e ne ocabula y; English–Russian bo owings; digi al discou se;
neologisms; hyb id o ms; slang; online communica ion; cybe cul u e.
The eme gence o he in e ne has c ea ed a dynamic linguis ic en i onmen in
which new o ms o communica ion de elop apidly. English unc ions as he p ima y
dono language in his digi al space due o i s dominance in science, echnology, and
global media. As a esul , many languages—including Russian—ha e adop ed a la ge
po ion o hei in e ne e minology di ec ly om English. Schola s no e ha digi al
globaliza ion encou ages linguis ic con e gence and c oss-cul u al lexical
exchange[1].
This a icle in es iga es simila i ies and bo owing pa e ns in English and Russian
in e ne ocabula y. I conside s he ways in which English e ms en e Russian, how
Russian speake s adap hem, and how sha ed online cul u e shapes he lexical choices
o use s in bo h languages.
Theo e ical Backg ound
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In e ne ocabula y, some imes e e ed o as ne speak, ep esen s a hyb id egis e ha
mixes cha ac e is ics o spoken and w i en communica ion[2]. Digi al discou se is
ma ked by spon anei y, in o mali y, and cons an inno a ion, which lead o he apid
o ma ion o neologisms. English, as he dominan language o global pla o ms,
con ibu es ex ensi ely o hese p ocesses. Linguis ic bo owing e e s o he adop ion
o lexical i ems om one language in o ano he . In he con ex o in e ne
communica ion, bo owing o en occu s because new digi al concep s appea as e
han na i e equi alen s can be de eloped. As a esul , English e minology sp eads
widely and becomes embedded in he lexicon o o he languages.
English In luence on Russian In e ne Vocabula y
Di ec Loanwo ds
Russian in e ne ocabula y con ains a signi ican numbe o di ec English loanwo ds,
such as:
лайк (like)
чат (cha )
стрим (s eam)
контент (con en )
блог (blog)
фоловер ( ollowe )
These wo ds ypically p ese e hei o iginal meaning. Russian speake s also c ea e
new o ms by adding Russian g amma ical endings, o example: лайкать (" o like"),
постить (" o pos ").
Seman ic Ex ensions. English in luence leads o seman ic changes in some Russian
wo ds. The Russian e b троллить, de i ed om oll, e ol ed om he idea o
“ easing” and now means p o oking someone online. Simila ly, he noun пост has
gained an addi ional meaning: “an online publica ion.”
Phone ic and O hog aphic Adap a ion
Bo owed wo ds unde go phone ic adjus men o i he Russian language sys em:
• b owse → браузер
• spam → спам
• se e → сервер
These adap a ions allow English e ms o be in eg a ed smoo hly in o Russian usage.
Sha ed Fea u es o English and Russian In e ne Vocabula y
Abb e ia ions and Ac onyms
Bo h English and Russian online communica ion ely hea ily on abb e ia ions o as
exp ession:
LOL
OMG
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AFK
Russian speake s commonly use English abb e ia ions wi hou ansla ion, some imes
phone ically adap ing hem (“лол”).
Hyb id Cons uc ions
Hyb id lexical o ms a ise om mixing English oo s wi h Russian mo phology:
фейковые новости ( ake news)
реквестнуть ( o eques )
паблик страница (public page)
These hyb ids combine exp essi e and unc ional elemen s om bo h languages.
Uni e sal In e ne Slang
Some in e ne e ms sp ead globally wi h minimal change:
• meme → мем
• emoji → эмодзи
• hash ag → хэштег
This demons a es he o ma ion o a sha ed global digi al lexicon.
Cul u al and Social Fac o s
In luence o Global Pla o ms
Pla o ms such as YouTube, TikTok, Ins ag am, and Twi ch dis ibu e English
e minology o in e na ional use s. Russian speake s adop such ocabula y quickly
because hese pla o ms ope a e in la gely English-based en i onmen s.
Gaming Communi ies
Gaming cul u e is a majo sou ce o bo owing. Te ms like скилл (skill), лут (loo ),
and рейт ( aid) ha e become widely used no only in gaming con ex s bu also in
e e yday you h speech.
You h Iden i y and P es ige:
English in e ne slang o en ca ies social p es ige among Russian you h. Using
English-based e minology can signal digi al li e acy, openness o global cul u e, o
membe ship in online communi ies[4].
Di e ences Be ween English and Russian In e ne Vocabula y
Mo phology:
English e bs do no in lec , whe eas Russian applies i s own in lec ional endings (e.g.,
банить, “ o ban”).
Slang Inno a ion:
Russian use s c ea e o iginal in e ne slang (e.g., зашквар, кринжевать, рофлить) ha
has no p ecise English equi alen .
Alphabe Di e ences:
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English uses he La in sc ip ; Russian uses Cy illic. Many bo owed wo ds a e
ansli e a ed, al hough some use s delibe a ely keep English spelling o s ylis ic
easons.
Mode n in e ne ocabula y illus a es he close in e ac ion be ween English and
Russian in he digi al age. English p o ides he majo i y o e ms associa ed wi h
echnology, communica ion, and online cul u e. Russian speake s adop and modi y
hese e ms h ough di ec bo owing, seman ic shi s, and hyb idiza ion. A he same
ime, Russian use s c ea e new slang exp essions ha con ibu e o he ichness o
online discou se.
The e ol ing na u e o digi al communica ion ensu es con inued lexical exchange
be ween English and Russian. As global connec i i y inc eases, sha ed digi al
e minology will con inue o shape he linguis ic landscape o bo h languages.
REFERENCES:
1. C ys al, D. (2011). Language and he In e ne (2nd ed.). Camb idge Uni e si y P ess.
(pp. 45–72).Key heo e ical amewo k o in e ne linguis ics and ne speak.
2. Dane , B., & He ing, S. C. (2007). The Mul ilingual In e ne : Language, Cul u e,
and Communica ion Online. Ox o d Uni e si y P ess. (pp. 110–136). Mul ilingual
communica ion and English in luence on global digi al slang.
3. Klyue a, N. (2018). “Global English and Russian In e ne Slang: In e ac ion and
Adap a ion.” Jou nal o Sla ic Linguis ics, 24(2),( pp. 198–215). Analysis o Russian
adap a ions o English slang.
4. Pa lenko, A. (2017). Language Con ac in he Digi al Age. Rou ledge. (pp. 56–84).
Theo e ical s udy o digi al language con ac and bo owing.
5. Tagg, C. (2015). Explo ing Digi al Communica ion. Rou ledge. (pp. 142–165).
Cha ac e is ics o digi al communica ion and you h slang o ma ion.
6. Yus, F. (2011). Cybe p agma ics: In e ne -Media ed Communica ion in Con ex . De
G uy e Mou on. (pp. 90–118). P agma ic and con ex ual aspec s o in e ne -based
communica ion.
