ISSN: 2582-4686 SJIF 2021-3.261,SJIF 2022-
2.889, 2024-6.875 Resea chBib IF: 9.948 / 2024
VOLUME-5, ISSUE-11
840
TEACHING SPOKEN ENGLISH IN EARLY CHILDHOOD.
Da lya o a Shi inoy
[email p o ec ed]
ABSTRACT
This s udy explo es e ec i e app oaches o de eloping o al English in p eschool child en h ough
communica i e, play-based, and imme si e lea ning s a egies. Using a quali a i e me hodology ha
includes li e a u e syn hesis and class oom obse a ion, he s udy iden i ies key p ac ices ha
acili a e na u al language acquisi ion in ea ly childhood. The esul s show ha mul imodal inpu ,
social in e ac ion, and an emo ionally suppo i e en i onmen signi ican ly inc ease child en's
spon aneous speech p oduc ion and sel -con idence. The esea ch indings ha e p ac ical implica ions
o ea ly childhood educa o s and cu iculum de elope s.
INTRODUCTION
In he wo ld, as a esul o he g owing demand o bilingualism a wo k and in educa ion, he
impo ance o eaching English a an ea ly age is de eloping. P eschool child en (3-6 yea s old) ha e
special neu ocogni i e ad an ages due o hei s ong plas ici y o he b ain, sensi i i y o
phonological pa e ns, and an inna e endency o indi ec ly lea n language h ough play and speech.
Despi e his p omise, many ea ly childhood p og ams con inue o ocus on wo kshee -based exe cises
o ex -based ac i i ies ha dis ega d child en's de elopmen al needs. The pu pose o he s udy is o
iden i y educa ional s a egies ha e ec i ely s imula e he o al lea ning o English in p eschool
educa ional o ganiza ions. This esea ch is based on he ollowing esea ch ques ion: RQ: Which
eaching me hodologies con ibu e mo e o he imp o emen o p eschool child en's English speaking
compe encies?
Me hods
Resea ch Design
A high-quali y desc ip i e s udy design was used o analyze he ends in e ec i e eaching p ac ice.
This app oach allows o he gene aliza ion o e idence ob ained om heo e ical li e a u e and
na u alis obse a ions in p eschool o ganiza ions.
Da a sou ces
Th ee ypes o da a we e analyzed:
1. Li e a u e e iew
• 30 a icles and books on Ea ly Language Lea ning, Ea ly Childhood EFL, and Sociocul u al
Lea ning.
• Key au ho s include amewo ks based on K ashen, Pin e , Came on, Vygo sky, and con empo a y
ea ly childhood esea ch.
2. Class oom Obse a ions
• Moni o ing o h ee p eschool g oups (ages 4-6) whe e English was spoken.
• Each g oup unde wen obse a ion o h ee 60-minu e pe iods.
• No es we e aken du ing ieldwo k, wi h pa icula a en ion o in e ac ion pa e ns and na u al
speech p oduced by child en.
3. Teache in e iews (in o mal)
ISSN: 2582-4686 SJIF 2021-3.261,SJIF 2022-
2.889, 2024-6.875 Resea chBib IF: 9.948 / 2024
VOLUME-5, ISSUE-11
841
• B ie con e sa ions wi h i e English eache s om p eschool educa ional ins i u ions.
• Topics included s a egies, challenges, and child en's esponse pa e ns.
Da a Analysis
Da a we e coded induc i ely. Recu ing hemes we e ca ego ized as:
• Imme sion in daily ou ines
• Lea ning h ough play
• Mul imodal ac i i ies
• Emo ional en i onmen and sel -con idence
• Teache simula ion and pla o ming
Resul s
1 The ull language imme sion helps enhance comp ehension and communica ion skills.
Educa o s who used English consis en ly du ing g ee ings, ansi ions, and a ious ac i i ies ac oss
all o he moni o ed s uden s g oups wi nessed highe a es o un-p omp ed e bal in e ac ions.
Repea ed exp essions such as "le 's idy up," "choose a ca d," and "s and in a ci cle" o e ed eassu ing
epe i ion ha helped build con idence in bo h comp ehending and u ilizing common language.
2 Speech Playbased ac i i ies gene a e he mos speech
Role-play scena ios (like in shops, es au an s and when isi ing he doc o ) p oduced mo e English
han Ing ian ph ases. Child en showed a highe endency o in e ac in English when using objec s
and playing p esc ibed oles.
3 Songs and TPR (To al Physical Response) enhance p onuncia ion and e en ion.
A e lis ening o ac ion songs and mo ing games, child en epea ed wo d chunks clea ly, p onounced
pa e ns lexibly and main ained hy hm well. Re iew and ein o cemen o ocabula y was designed
by he musical epe i ion.
4 S o y elling p omo es ex ended speech Child en spon aneously epea ed ph ases, esponded o
p edic i e ques ions, and added segmen s o s o ies du ing s o y eadings. Comp ehension and
exp essi e language abili ies we e u he p omo ed by he use o isual suppo s (i.e. lash ca ds,
puppe s).
5 Suppo i e emo ional en i onmen acili a es speech isk- aking An iden i ying cha ac e is ic o he
eache was ound o be he mani es a ion o sensi i i y and unde s anding owa d he s uden s'
inhibi ions in making use o a ge language oppo uni ies.
Teache s who used suppo i e wo ds, mild co ec ion and play ul sounds saw a mo e a emp s by
child en o in en new wo ds o sen ences. Gene a ing a sa e clima e educed he child en's ea o
mis akes.
Discussion
1 Implica ions o Teaching P ac ice
S udies ha e shown ha English can be e ec i ely in oduced in p eschool, o ea ly language
de elopmen – albei when used in con ex . Ins ead o eaching ocabula y ou igh , child ca e
p o ide s should wea e i na u ally in o un ac i i ies and daily ou ines. This game-based eaching
app oach is consis en wi h he Vygo skian pe spec i e o language as a communica i e and social
ool, play ul and social in na u e. English language use p o es o be highly e ec i e as a mode o
communica ion when i is inco po a ed in di e en si ua ions such as d ama ic play, exp essing wan s
and imagina i e esponses.
ISSN: 2582-4686 SJIF 2021-3.261,SJIF 2022-
2.889, 2024-6.875 Resea chBib IF: 9.948 / 2024
VOLUME-5, ISSUE-11
842
Mul imodal ac i i ies (songs, s o ies, mo emen and isual p ops) acili a e lea ning o all s uden s
and help ein o ce he memo y pa hways acco ding o con empo a y s aina ions o mul iple lea ning.
2 The ole o he eache
The eache is he guide on he side, no he sage on he s age. E ec i e eache s make i possible o
he s uden s o mas e clea , exp essi e, pu pose ul English communica ion by :‐ my h.asp 29 c ea ing
an a mosphe e in he class ha would encou age hem o exp ess hei ideas in o al and w i en
con ex s; my h.asp 29 making language eaching a alued ac i i y o daily school li e.
• by means o ges u e and acial exp ession
• expanding child en's b ie esponses;
• p o iding epe i ion wi h a ie y;
• main aining wa m, esponsi e in e ac ions
3 Ad an ages o Ea ly English Language Lea ning The easons ha encou age many pa en s o
in oduce o eign languages, especially he English language, a an ea ly s age a e nume ous.
Speaking ea ly has long- e m ad an ages ha a e:
• na u al p onuncia ion and in ona ion
• con idence in communica ion
• smoo he p og ession o p ima y school English o child en
• social and cogni i e skill acquisi ion;
• posi i e a i ude owa ds bilingualism
4 Limi a ions o he s udy
This was quali a i e esea ch wi h na ow class oom co e age. Obse a ions we e sho - e m. In he
u u e u he esea ch is o include longi udinal s udies and a b oade spec um o p eschools.
Conclusion
This s udy demons a es ha o al English de elopmen in p eschool educa ion is mos success ul
when guided by communica i e, play-based, and imme si e app oaches. Op imal o P e-School
Educa ion: P e-school aged child en ypically acqui e knowledge mos e ec i ely wi hin a posi i e
emo ional en i onmen ha inco po a es s uc u ed play ac i i ies, symbolic ep esen a ion (such as
s o y elling), musical elemen s, and egula exposu e o con ex ual English language. Educa o s play
a c ucial ole in demons a ing p ope language usage and es ablishing a secu e lea ning a mosphe e
o pupils. The implemen a ion o hese undamen al p inciples wi hin p e-school educa ional
amewo ks will signi ican ly in luence child en's subsequen English language compe ency and
e en ion capabili ies.
REFERENCES
Came on, L. (2018). Teaching Languages o Young Lea ne s. Ox o d Uni e si y P ess.
Edelenbos, P., & Kubanek, A. (2019). Ea ly Language Lea ning in School Con ex s. Mul ilingual
Ma e s.
Ellis, R. (2020). Unde s anding Second Language Acquisi ion. Rou ledge.
K ashen, S. (2013). P inciples and P ac ice in Second Language Acquisi ion. Pe gamon.
Nicolopoulou, A. (2010). P eschoole s’ na a i e de elopmen . Cul u al Psychology, 16(3).
Pin e , A. (2017). Teaching Young Language Lea ne s. Ox o d Uni e si y P ess.
