Ko alska, Liubo ; Ie ko, I yna; Ba skyi, Yu ii
A icle
Mechanism o ans o ming he compe i i e po en ial o
ou ism indus y subjec s in he pos -wa pe iod
Economic Fo um
P o ided in Coope a ion wi h:
Lu sk Na ional Technical Uni e si y
Sugges ed Ci a ion: Ko alska, Liubo ; Ie ko, I yna; Ba skyi, Yu ii (2024) : Mechanism o ans o ming
he compe i i e po en ial o ou ism indus y subjec s in he pos -wa pe iod, Economic Fo um, ISSN
2415-8224, Lu sk Na ional Technical Uni e si y, Lu sk, Uk aine, Vol. 14, Iss. 2, pp. 8-16,
h ps://doi.o g/10.62763/cb/2.2024.08
This Ve sion is a ailable a :
h ps://hdl.handle.ne /10419/318685
S anda d-Nu zungsbedingungen:
Die Dokumen e au EconS o dü en zu eigenen wissenscha lichen
Zwecken und zum P i a geb auch gespeiche und kopie we den.
Sie dü en die Dokumen e nich ü ö en liche ode komme zielle
Zwecke e iel äl igen, ö en lich auss ellen, ö en lich zugänglich
machen, e eiben ode ande wei ig nu zen.
So e n die Ve asse die Dokumen e un e Open-Con en -Lizenzen
(insbesonde e CC-Lizenzen) zu Ve ügung ges ell haben soll en,
gel en abweichend on diesen Nu zungsbedingungen die in de do
genann en Lizenz gewäh en Nu zungs ech e.
Te ms o use:
Documen s in EconS o may be sa ed and copied o you pe sonal
and schola ly pu poses.
You a e no o copy documen s o public o comme cial pu poses, o
exhibi he documen s publicly, o make hem publicly a ailable on he
in e ne , o o dis ibu e o o he wise use he documen s in public.
I he documen s ha e been made a ailable unde an Open Con en
Licence (especially C ea i e Commons Licences), you may exe cise
u he usage igh s as speci ied in he indica ed licence.
h ps://c ea i ecommons.o g/licenses/by/4.0/
Mechanism o ans o ming he compe i i e po en ial
o ou ism indus y subjec s in he pos -wa pe iod
Liubo Ko alska*
Doc o o Economic Sciences, P o esso
Lu sk Na ional Technical Uni e si y
43018, 75 L i ska S ., Lu sk, Uk aine
h ps://o cid.o g/0000-0003-2924-9857
I yna Ie ko
PhD in Geog aphical Sciences, Associa e P o esso
Lesya Uk ainka Volyn Na ional Uni e si y
43025, 13 Voli A e., Lu sk, Uk aine
h ps://o cid.o g/0000-0002-5395-7557
Yu ii Ba skyi
Doc o o Economic Sciences, P o esso
Lesya Uk ainka Volyn Na ional Uni e si y
43025, 13 Voli A e., Lu sk, Uk aine
h ps://o cid.o g/0000-0001-9937-9847
Sugges ed Ci a ion:
Ko alska,L., Ie ko, I., & Ba skyi, Yu. (2024). Mechanism o ans o ming he compe i i e po en ial o ou ism indus y subjec s in
he pos -wa pe iod. Economic Fo um, 14(2), 8-16. doi:10.62763/cb/2.2024.08.
Copy igh © The Au ho (s). This is an open access a icle dis ibu ed unde he e ms o he
C ea i e Commons A ibu ion License 4.0 (h ps://c ea i ecommons.o g/licenses/by/4.0/)
*Co esponding au ho
Abs ac . The ele ance o he esea ch conce ns he implemen a ion o he mechanism o ans o ming he
compe i i e po en ial o ou ism indus y en i ies in he pos -wa pe iod o ensu e ma ke balance, s abili y, and
compe i i eness. Ma ial law condi ions limi he capaci ies o he indus y subjec s o implemen he concep o
compe i i eness ans o ma ion, which can lead o an imbalance in he ou ism se ices ma ke due o he lack o
e ec i e managemen . The pu pose o he s udy was o de elop a mechanism o ans o ming he compe i i e
po en ial o ou ism indus y en i ies. The s udy employed bo h gene al scien i ic and special me hods o esea ch:
me hods o analysis and syn hesis, me hod o gene alisa ion, me hods o analysis o ac s, me hods o sys em-
unc ional app oach, and me hod o sys ema isa ion. The essence o he ans o ma ion mechanism, p esen ed in
h ee blocks, is subs an ia ed. The basis o he 1s block was a speci ica ion o he concep o ma ion acco ding o
a ious scena ios, de e mina ion o goals, and ins i u ionalisa ion. The pu pose o he 2nd block was o de e mine
he phases ( u bulence, luc ua ion, bi u ca ion, de o ma ion, and ans o ma ion) o he ans o ma ion by
he c i e ia (sus ainabili y, sa e y, and compe i i eness). The de e minan ea u e o he 3 d block was he ools
and means o implemen ing he ans o ma ion mechanism (suppo sys ems, de elopmen s a egy, me hods
o implemen a ion). The s udy highligh ed a di e en ia ed app oach o he selec ion o ans o ma ion goals.
The ins i u ionalisa ion in his s udy was in e p e ed as a se o ins i u es and ins i u ions, owing o which
ans o ma i e p ocesses can ensu e he sus ainabili y, sa e y, and compe i i eness o he ou ism indus y.
The legal, o ganisa ional, in o ma ion, and ma ke ing subsys ems, which ac as suppo ing subsys ems, we e
analysed. The s udy ocuses on such ools o he implemen a ion o he ans o ma ion mechanism as ma ke ing
(ensu ing ou is s’ sa is ac ion wi h he quali y o ou is se ices), iscal policy ( egula ion o cos s and income), and
ep oduc ion (c ea ion o new compe i i e ad an ages, es o a ion o ou is po en ial). The s udy elucida ed he
ole o me hods o implemen ing he mechanism o ans o ming he compe i i e po en ial o ou ism indus y
subjec s (planning, o ecas ing, and p icing), di e en in ensi ies o in luence, ea u es o hei mani es a ion, and
ime/pe iods o ex e nal and in e nal ac o s in luence. The p oposed mechanism is o g ea p ac ical impo ance.
ECONOMIC FORUM
Jou nal homepage: h ps://e- o um.com.ua/en
Vol. 14, No. 2, 2024, 8-16
A icle’s His o y: Recei ed: 10.01.2024 Re ised: 23.03.2024 Accep ed: 26.04.2024
UDC 338.487:005.332.4«36» Doi: 10.62763/cb/2.2024.08
Ko alska e al.
Economic Fo um, 2024, Vol. 14, No. 2
9
accele a o s, indus ial pa ks, inno a ion clus e s, ech-
nological pla o ms; and public-p i a e pa ne ship. The
me hods o indi ec ac ion include sea ch o po en ial
in es o s; ensu ing he access o subjec s o inno a i e
ac i i y o he in o ma ion needed o he c ea ion and
implemen a ion o inno a ions; in ol emen o echnical
assis ance; p omo ion o inno a i e p oduc s on domes-
ic and o eign ma ke s; p o ec ion agains un ai com-
pe i ion”. Acco ding o A.Pus o a o (2020), he c ea ion
o a und o en ep eneu ship suppo is an impo an
economic ool o s imula ing economic de elopmen .
The scien is s V.Y.Do oshe al.(2023) no e ha “i
is ad isable o s udy he mechanism o public-p i a e
pa ne ship, aking in o accoun inno a i e app oaches
o i s managemen , in pa icula , hose ha use digi al
ans o ma ion ools”. In he s uc u e o he mecha-
nism, he au ho s highligh he p inciples, me hods, and
ins umen s o i s implemen a ion. The emphasis is laid
on he p inciples o anspa ency, pu pose ulness, e ec-
i eness, dis ibu ion o cos s, and mu ual bene i , on he
me hods o o ecas ing and planning, and usage o he
economic, inancial, poli ical, and legal ins umen s o
he mechanism implemen a ion. The au ho s a gue he
impo ance o digi al ans o ma ion in he ield o pub-
lic-p i a e pa ne ship, conside ing i as a ool o imple-
men ing he concep o compe i i e po en ial ans o -
ma ion in he ou ism indus y. B.Ma ko (2017) de ines
he mechanism o ans o ma ion as a mul i ace ed
p ocess ha should be s udied as a sequence o ac ions
and phenomena cha ac e ising egula i ies, cause-and-
e ec ela ionships, d i ing o ces, and ac o s ega ding
he objec o esea ch.
S abili y and sa e y in he pos -wa pe iod a e im-
po an aspec s o s udying TCPTIS. The eam o au ho s
N.V.Pa likhae al.(2022) poin ou ha sus ainable de-
elopmen in he ou is sphe e is a p ocess ha p o-
ec s social jus ice, ensu es en i onmen al sus aina-
bili y, and acili a es economic e iciency. Social jus ice
means s abilising he social and cul u al en i onmen o
ou is and ec ea ional des ina ions, imp o ing wo k-
ing condi ions, inc easing and expanding employmen
oppo uni ies, and heigh ening he a ailabili y o ou -
is and ec ea ional se ices. Ensu ing en i onmen al
sus ainabili y equi es implemen ing esou ce-sa ing
echnologies, and g eening economic ac i i y in ou ism
and ec ea ional p ojec s, hus educing hei ha m-
ul impac s. On he o he hand, economic e iciency is
achie ed by inc easing he e iciency o he use o ou is
and ec ea ional esou ces, inno a i e de elopmen o
In oduc ion
Success ul de elopmen o he ou ism indus y, o m-
ing and inc easing compe i i e ad an ages in he ield
o ou ism, including hei ep oduc ion, and sa e sus-
ainable de elopmen o he compe i i e po en ial o he
subjec s o he ou ism indus y equi e well-balanced
ac ions o achie e balance in he ma ke o ou is se -
ices, aking in o accoun he ele an phase o ans-
o ma ion. In he condi ions o ma ial law, he subjec s
o he ou ism indus y ace ce ain challenges in im-
plemen ing he basic pos ula es o he concep o com-
pe i i e po en ial ans o ma ion, and managemen in
hese condi ions also lacks e ec i eness. The wa and
pos -wa pe iods cause an imbalance in he ou is se -
ices ma ke due o he lack o a balanced mechanism
o ans o ming he compe i i e po en ial o ou ism in-
dus y subjec s (TCPTIS). C ea ing such a mechanism can
ensu e balance in he ma ke o ou is esou ces, s abil-
i y, sa e y, and compe i i eness o he ou ism indus y
en i ies in he pos -wa pe iod, aking in o accoun he
phases o ans o ma ion o compe i i e po en ial (CP).
The abo e de e mines he ele ance o his s udy.
Many ecen s udies ocus on he analysis o exis ing
app oaches o he essence and s uc u e o he ans o -
ma ion mechanisms. I.Usyk(2019) s a es ha “unde he
condi ions o globalisa ion challenges, he implemen a-
ion o he mechanism o s uc u al ans o ma ion o
he Uk ainian economy de elopmen c ea es a basis o
he balanced de elopmen o all sphe es o li e, based
on he well-balanced use o esou ces o sol e economic,
social, and en i onmen al p oblems”, and he de elop-
men o he ans o ma ion mechanism includes a ac-
o o balanced de elopmen o all sphe es o ac i i ies
a di e en le els o managemen . A.Pus o a o (2020),
conside ing he s uc u e o he mechanism o economic
ans o ma ion, ocuses on such managemen me hods
as “legal, o ganisa ional, economic, and psychological.
Me hods o legal egula ion allow ansla ing social e-
la ions in o legal ela ions”. The au ho in e p e s o gan-
isa ional managemen me hods as “ he use o admin-
is a i e and o ganisa ional means o in luence on he
digi al ans o ma ion. These means include s anda ds,
pe mi s, ce i ica es, p ohibi ions, es ic ions, egula-
ions, ules, quo as, licenses, s a e p og ams, and p o-
jec s”. Economic me hods, acco ding o he au ho , “can
be o di ec o indi ec ac ion. Me hods o di ec ac ion
include educ ion o co po a e income ax a es; conces-
sional lending o business en i ies; p o ision o g an s
o he implemen a ion o inno a i e p ojec s; c ea-
ion o de elopmen o business incuba o s, business
The applica ion o a di e en ia ed app oach o ans o ma ion p ocesses will help o balance demand and supply
in he ma ke o ou is se ices
Keywo ds: ou ism; ou ism indus y; ou is ac i i y; subjec s o he ou ism indus y; ans o ma ional p ocesses;
s a egy
Mechanism o ans o ming he compe i i e po en ial...
Economic Fo um, 2024, Vol. 14, No. 2
10
he ou is and ec ea ional sec o , and imp o ing he
quali y and compe i i eness o ou is and ec ea ion-
al se ices, hei ce i ica ion, and labeling. In his u n,
N.V.Ba inok (2021) a gues ha secu i y and ou ism
a e in e ela ed and complemen a y no ions, as ou -
ism, ce ainly equi es secu i y and sa e y. The mos
impo an ma e in ensu ing he sa e y o ou ism in
he wo ld is esponsible managemen based on he
concep o sus ainable de elopmen associa ed wi h a
clea unde s anding o endencies o change in he in-
de ini e u u e. The ans o ma ion mechanism is la gely
in luenced by he ou is a ac i eness o des ina ions,
which depends on an objec i e assessmen , in es men
a ac ion, and ou line o measu es o ensu e TCPTIS.
Acco ding o T.S.Smo zhenko & O.I.H a ska(2020), he
e ec i e de elopmen o he ou ism and ec ea ion
sphe e in Uk aine is connec ed, i s o all, wi h he in-
ensi ica ion o he mode nisa ion p ocesses in he ou -
ism in as uc u e o Uk aine. Due o i s obsolescence
and low quali y, his in as uc u e is one o he main
causes o he slow g ow h o he ou ism and ec ea ion
sec o and equi es signi ican in es men . The quali y
o ou is se ices is an impo an componen o he
TCPTIS mechanism. L.A. Bonda enko (2021) sugges s
ha quali y depends on bene olence, poli eness, delica-
cy, and compliance wi h co po a e s anda ds.
The s udy aims o in es iga e and de ine he con-
cep o TCPTIS, de e mine he phases o ans o ma ion
using he selec ed c i e ia, and ou line TCPTIS s a egies.
Ma e ials and Me hods
Bo h gene al scien i ic and special me hods we e used
in he esea ch: me hods o analysis and syn hesis o
esea ching he app oach o he selec ion o he goals
o he TCPTIS; he me hod o gene alisa ion o e iew
he exis ing app oaches o he in e p e a ion o essence
and s uc u e o he ans o ma ion mechanism, he
me hods o ac analysis o conside he scena ios o he
TCPTIS phases, unc ional app oach o de e mine he
c i e ia (s abili y, sa e y, and compe i i eness); me hod
o sys ema isa ion o de e mine blocks o ans o m-
ing he compe i i e po en ial ( o ma ion o he concep ,
de e mina ion o ans o ma ion ph ases acco ding o
c i e ia, mechanism implemen a ion). In addi ion, he
use o he o ecas ing me hod helps o conside he
mechanism o ans o ma ion in h ee di ec ions and a
p icing me hod subs an ia es es ablishing he op imal
le el o p ices o ou is se ices, depending on he de-
mand and need o hem. The special esea ch me hods
con ibu ed o concluding ha he mechanism o imple-
men a ion o TCPTIS depends on secu i y indica o s ( he
numbe o people wi h a e age pe capi a o al equi -
alen income pe mon h below he subsis ence mini-
mum (a leas 3 imes), in la ion a e (no mo e han 107),
unemploymen a e (no mo e han 10%), and he o al
coe icien o na u al inc ease (a leas 2.8 people). The
s udy o hese indica o s is based on me hodological
ecommenda ions o calcula ing he le el o economic
secu i y o Uk aine de ined in he o de o he Minis y
o Economic De elopmen and T ade o Uk aine (O de
o he Minis y o Economic De elopmen and T ade
o Uk aine No.1277,2013). The mechanism o imple-
men ing TCPTIS in ol es he ela ionship be ween he
alues o he CP indices o he subjec s o he ou ism
indus y and he balance/unbalance be ween p oduc-
e s and consume s o ou ism se ices. The esea che s
employed ma e ials om scien i ic a icles and mono-
g aphs by epu able scien is s (Chuguno e al.,2018).
The ac ual ma e ials sou ce o he s udy is a scien i -
ic a icle published by he eam o au ho s I. Ie ko e
al.(2023), whe e he me hodological concep o TCPTIS
was analysed, phases o ans o ma ion we e de ined,
and app oaches and ools o TCPTIS we e highligh ed.
Wi hin he scope o he esea ch opic, he a icle is i s
in eg al con inua ion.
Resul s and Discussion
A e iew o exis ing app oaches o he de ini ion o he
con en and s uc u e o he ans o ma ion mechanism
allows in e p e ing i as a se o concep ual app oaches
o TCPTIS, which is based on he di e en ia ed choice o
s a egy, suppo ing subsys ems, ools, and me hods o
implemen a ion o such a mechanism ollowing he de-
e mined c i e ia and phases o ans o ma ion. Th ee
blocks a e p oposed o o m he basis o he TCPTIS
mechanism: block 1– o ma ion o he TCPTIS concep ;
block 2 – de e mina ion o ans o ma ion phases by
c i e ia; block 3– implemen a ion o he TCPTIS mech-
anism (Fig.1). In he 1s block, he concep o TCPTIS is
o med acco ding o a ious scena ios o de elopmen
( ealis ic, op imis ic, pessimis ic and ine ial), he goals
o TCPTIS a e de e mined, and he ins i u ionalisa ion o
TCPTIS is o med.
The basic p inciple o he concep o TCPTIS is he
co ela ion be ween he le el o CP o he ou ism indus-
y subjec , which de e mines he co esponding phase
o ans o ma ion ( u bulence, luc ua ion, bi u ca ion,
de o ma ion, ans o ma ion), and he le el o balance
be ween p oduce s and consume s o ou is se ices
(demand>supply, demand<supply, demand=supply).
The e is a ce ain connec ion be ween he phases o
ans o ma ion and he scena ios o he CP de elop-
men o he ou ism indus y subjec . Unde a ealis ic
scena io, a phase o de o ma ion will be obse ed, cha -
ac e ised by he eco e y and de elopmen o he CP
o he subjec s o he ou ism indus y, inc easing he
ou is a ac i eness o he e i o ies. Howe e , a e-
alis ic scena io is possible only in case o cessa ion o
hos ili ies in Uk aine.
Acco ding o he op imis ic scena io, a phase o
ans o ma ion will demons a e a high le el o CP o he
subjec s o he ou ism indus y, balanced demand and
supply in he ma ke o ou is se ices, ha is, his is
he mos desi able s a e o de elopmen . Howe e , he
Ko alska e al.
Economic Fo um, 2024, Vol. 14, No. 2
11
ac ualisa ion o he op imis ic scena io is possible only
unde condi ions o cessa ion o hos ili ies. The pessi-
mis ic scena io in ol es he phases o luc ua ion and
bi u ca ion when he ma ke o ou is se ices is unbal-
anced and he le el o CP o he subjec s o he ou ism
indus y is low. Such a scena io will be obse ed in he
condi ions o wa con inua ion, ac i e mili a y ac ions,
and he lack o balanced s eps on he pa o he go e n-
ing bodies o s abilise he de elopmen o he CP o he
ou ism indus y. I is caused by he lack o egula ion
and he uncon ollabili y o he des uc i e ac o s cha -
ac e is ic o wa condi ions. The phases o u bulence,
luc ua ion, o bi u ca ion a e cha ac e is ic o ine ial
scena ios. A he same ime, a u he de e io a ion o
he si ua ion caused by mili a y ac ions is o eseeable
and cha ac e ised by a dec ease in he CP o he subjec s
o he ou ism indus y, a low le el o GDP, and s agna-
ion o en ep eneu ial ac i i y no only in he ield o he
ou ism indus y bu also in o he sphe es o economy.
A di e en ia ed app oach is ele an and wo h using o
de e mine he TCPTIS goals. The basis o a di e en ia ed
app oach o TCPTIS is he c i e ia and phases (Table1).
An indi idualised sys em o goals o TCPTIS is o med ac-
co ding o each c i e ion and phase.
Block 1: Fo ma ion o he concep o TCPTIS
Fo ma ion o he concep o
ans o ma ion acco ding o scena ios:
ealis ic, op imis ic, pessimis ic, ine ial De e mina ion o goals o TCPTIS Ins i u ionalisa ion o TCPTIS
Block 2: De e mina ion o ans o ma ion phases by c i e ia
S abili y Sa e y Compe i i eness
Tu bulence Fluc ua ion Bi u ca ion De o ma ion T ans o ma ion
Block 3: Implemen a ion o he mechanism
S a egy o de elopmen o CP
o ou ism indus y subjec s by
phases and c i e ia
Suppo subsys ems: legal,
o ganisa ional, in o ma ional,
ma ke ing
Tools o implemen ing he
mechanism: ma ke ing, fiscal,
ep oduc i e
Mechanism
implemen a ion me hods:
planning, o ecas ing,
p icing
Managemen subjec – managemen objec
Fac o s o influence
Figu e 1. Mechanism o TCPTIS
Sou ce: de eloped by he au ho s
Table 1. Di e en ia ed app oach o he selec ion o TCPTIS goals
TCPTIS goals The c i e ia o ans o ma ion
S abili y Sa e y Compe i i eness
Phases o
ans o ma ion
Tu bulence
S abilisa ion o he
de elopmen o CP o
ou ism indus y subjec s,
elimina ion o des uc i e
ac o s a ec ing he g ow h
o CP o ou ism indus y
subjec s, and inc ease in
he le el o consume s’
sa is ac ion wi h he ou ism
indus y
Inc easing he e ec i eness
o he coun y’s mig a ion
policy, aimed a educing
he mig a ion low o he
popula ion, s eng hening he
con ol o he de elopmen
o he CP o he ou ism
indus y subjec s
S abilisa ion o he e iciency
indica o s conce ning he use
o CP in he ou ism indus y
sphe e
Fluc ua ion
S abilisa ion o he
sus ainable de elopmen o
he ou ism indus y
Gua an eeing he sa e y
o he ou ism indus y
de elopmen
Elimina ing de ia ions in he
de elopmen o CP o he
ou ism indus y
Mechanism o ans o ming he compe i i e po en ial...
Economic Fo um, 2024, Vol. 14, No. 2
12
Fo ming he ins i u ional in as uc u e o he ou -
ism indus y subjec is an impo an in eg al elemen o
he mechanism unde discussion. O. Ko alo a (2017)
s a es ha “ he p ocesses o ans o ma ional enewal
o he s uc u al policy, imp o ing i s e ec i eness and
ope abili y depend on he p ope ins i u ional ounda-
ion, he quali y o managemen decisions, and esou c-
es in ol ed in his p ocess. E e y coun y chooses i s pe-
culia way and ime ame in ansi ion om one model
o ano he . T adi ions, cus oms, a i udes o wo k, and
he me hods o he s uc u al policy implemen a ion
play a decisi e ole he e”.
Ins i u ionalisa ion o TCPTIS in ol es es ablishing
a se o ins i u es and ins i u ions, ia which he ans-
o ma i e p ocesses could ensu e he sus ainabili y,
sa e y, and compe i i eness o he ou ism indus y de-
elopmen and, hus, p omo e, a balanced ma ke o
ou is se ices. He e, i is impo an o speci y he s a e,
egional, and local go e nmen bodies esponsible o
he de elopmen o CP in he ou ism indus y and de-
e mine he ules and no ms o beha io in he ma ke
o ou is se ices.
The 2nd block deals wi h he phases o TCPTIS
which a e de e mined by he c i e ia. Acco ding o
he esea ch, he main TCPTIS c i e ia include s abil-
i y, sa e y, and compe i i eness. Each o hese c i e ia
is ele an a a ious phases o ans o ma ion ( u -
bulence, luc ua ion, bi u ca ion, de o ma ion, and
ans o ma ion).
The 3 d block o he mechanism ocuses on he de-
elopmen o he s a egy o TCPTIS, he o ma ion o
suppo ing subsys ems, ools, and me hods o imple-
men ing he p oposed mechanism. When de eloping
he TCPTIS s a egy, i is wo h using a di e en ia ed
app oach, based on such c i e ia as he phase o ans-
o ma ion and he le el o balance in he ou is se ices
ma ke . The esul s o heo e ical and analy ical s udies
p o ide g ounds o dis inguishing he ollowing ans-
o ma ion phases: u bulence (T), luc ua ion (F), bi u -
ca ion (B), de o ma ion (D), and ans o ma ion (T). The
ou is se ices ma ke can be conside ed balanced
when demand (D)=supply (S) and i is imbalanced when
demand>supply, o demand<supply. Acco dingly, he e
a e 15 ypes o a ios (Table2).
TCPTIS goals The c i e ia o ans o ma ion
S abili y Sa e y Compe i i eness
Phases o
ans o ma ion
Bi u ca ion
Elimina ion o c isis
mani es a ions in he
de elopmen o he ou ism
indus y, elimina ion o he
c isis in he socio-ecological
and economic de elopmen
o he CP o he ou ism
indus y subjec s
O e coming h ea ening
si ua ions and c ises in he
de elopmen o he CP o he
ou ism indus y subjec s
Suppo (p ese a ion) o he
de elopmen o hose ypes
o CP o he ou ism indus y
ha ha e no been des oyed
De o ma ion
Fo ming a new model o
sus ainable de elopmen
o CP o ou ism indus y
subjec s
Ensu ing he sa e
de elopmen o CP o he
ou ism indus y subjec s
C ea ing new compe i i e
ad an ages and es o ing
CP in he ou ism indus y
sphe e
T ans o ma ion
Suppo o he balanced
socio-ecological and
economic de elopmen o
he ou ism indus y subjec s
Main aining a sa e s a e in
he de elopmen o he CP o
he ou ism indus y subjec s
(sa e y o p o iding ou is
se ices)
Inc easing he CP o ou ism
indus y subjec s
Table 1, Con inued
Sou ce: de eloped by he au ho s
CP le el
Le el o balance/imbalance
demand<supply demand>supply demand=supply
Tu bulence (T)=(D<S) (T)=(D>S) (T)=(D=S)
Fluc ua ion (F))=(D<S) (F)=(D>S) (F)=(D=S)
Bi u ca ion (B)=(D<S) (B)=(D>S) (B)=(D=S)
De o ma ion (D )=(D<S) (D )=(D>S) (D )=(D=S)
T ans o ma ion (T )=(D<S) (T )=(D>S) (T )=(D=S)
Table 2. Co ela ion be ween alues o CP indices o ou ism indus y subjec s
and le el o balance/imbalance be ween p oduce s and consume s o ou ism se ices
Sou ce: de eloped by he au ho s
Ko alska e al.
Economic Fo um, 2024, Vol. 14, No. 2
13
To ensu e he e ec i e de elopmen o he ou ism
indus y subjec ’s CP, i is necessa y o choose a s a egy
o each o hese i een ypes o a ios. Legal, o ganisa-
ional, in o ma ional, and ma ke ing subsys ems ac as
suppo ing subsys ems in he TCPTIS mechanism. The
unc ion o legal subsys em is o p o ide an app op ia e
legal amewo k o conduc ing business in he ou ism
indus y and o m legal egula o y bodies in he ou ism
indus y, which can ensu e he sa e y o ou is s and he
sa e y o business ope a ions/ac i i ies o he ou ism
indus y en i ies. V.Khuda e diye a(2022) claims ha a
legal sys em unc ions as a se o ac o s cha ac e ising
he social, economic, legal, and o he condi ions ensu -
ing he igh s and in e es s o ci izens, legal en i ies, and
he s a e in he ou ism sphe e. N.A.Leonenko(2019)
and T.P.Bezsme niuk(2021) de ine he no ion o en-
su ing he legal igh s and in e es s o ci izens as “in-
c easing he gua an ee and e ec i eness o p o ec ing
he igh s and legal in e es s o consume s o a ou is
p oduc and sol ing p oblems ela ed o he sa is ac ion
o a ele s’ ( ou is s’) in e es s and he e ec i eness o
he ou ism indus y de elopmen , in gene al”.
The o ganisa ional subsys em o he TCPTIS mecha-
nism ensu es he g ow h o he GDP and e enues om
he ou ism sec o , he expansion o he ou ism indus-
y h ough scaling he ypes o ou is se ices, and he
maximum sa is ac ion o consume needs o quali y
ou ism p oduc s. The s udy highligh s such o ganisa-
ional aspec s as he de elopmen o en ep eneu ship
in he ield o he ou ism indus y by inc easing he
numbe o small and medium-sized business en i ies,
he o ganisa ion o new ypes o ou ism, he es o a-
ion o ou ism business, he imp o emen o he e i-
o y a ac i eness, he de elopmen o a ne wo k o o -
ganisa ional measu es ega ding he ou ism business
managemen .
The in o ma ion subsys em p o ides he digi isa-
ion o ou is se ices, con ibu es o he e ec i e p o-
cessing o in o ma ion lows in he sys em o o ming
a ou is p oduc , acili a es he o ma ion o an in o -
ma ion base abou ou is se ices and he ou ism in-
dus y subjec s, and implies he c ea ion o compu e
ese a ion sys ems (CRS).
The ma ke ing subsys em o he mechanism im-
plemen a ion aims a ensu ing a balance be ween he
supply o ou is se ices and he demand o hem;
sea ching o new me hods o wo k and new ypes o
ou is se ices; iden i ying and e alua ing he cu en
and po en ial demand o ou is se ices; sea ching o
sales ma ke s o ou is se ices. Ma ke ing, iscal, and
econs uc i e means a e p oposed as he ools o im-
plemen he TCPTIS mechanism. Ma ke ing ools p o-
ide o mee ing he needs o ou is s o high-quali y
ou is se ices, suppo ing ela ions wi h consume s in
he medium- and long- e m pe spec i es, moni o ing
consume s’ demands o ou is p oduc s, in o ming
hem abou new ypes o se ices. The ma ke ing ools
impo an o he implemen a ion o he mechanism in-
ol e des ina ion b anding ( o ma ion o posi i e ideas,
alues, and a i udes o consume s o a ou is se ice o
des ina ion), e en ma ke ing (o ganisa ion and holding
o special e en s and ac i i ies o amilia ise consume s
wi h he subjec o he ou ism indus y and se ices
p o ided), di ec ma ke ing (add essed mailing o in o -
ma ion o consume s abou ypes o ou is se ices), i-
al ma ke ing (c ea ing posi i e emo ion in he consum-
e o p omo e he p oduc ).
Fiscal ins umen s egula e he cos s and e enues
o he ele an sec o s o he economy. As K.Shaposh-
nyko e al.(2021) no e, “ iscal ins umen s, by hei e y
na u e, a e used di ec ly o accumula e inancial esou c-
es o business agen s aimed a gene a ing s a e budge
e enues”. The scien i ic pape s by O. Liu yi (2017),
I.Y.Chuguno e al.(2018), and A.Va ulo (2020) a gue
ha in his con ex , “ he key challenges include moni o -
ing and assessing he impac o budge expendi u es on
he compe i i eness o ou ism en i ies; inc easing he
budge a y esou ces olume and s uc u e jus i ied o
he pe o mance o he asks and unc ions empowe ed
o au ho i ies a all le els; expanding access o in e na-
ional capi al ma ke s; an inc ease in he budge de ici
and public deb as a pe cen age o he g oss domes ic
p oduc . The goal is o keep hem a an economically
sa e le el. The ac , ha a signi ican pa o he inan-
cial esou ces o local sel -go e nmen bodies is spen
on he pe o mance o he powe s delega ed o hem,
educes hei independence and he le el o di e en i-
a ion in egional de elopmen , he eby limi ing o some
ex en he possibili ies o s eng hen he inancial base”.
The econs uc i e ools p o ide o he ep oduc-
ion o he CP o he ou ism indus y, he es o a ion
o he ou is po en ial on he des oyed e i o ies, he
de elopmen o such ypes o ou ism as g een, medical,
spo s, educa ional, business, mili a y; inspi ing ou is s’
in e es in “iconic places” o he pos -wa pe iod, and
eno a ion o ou is in as uc u e.
The me hods o planning, o ecas ing, and p ic-
ing a e especially e ec i e o he TCPTIS mechanism
implemen a ion. Acco ding o O. Ki ilo a (2009), “ he
o ecas ing and planning o ou is ac i i y can be con-
duc ed in h ee di ec ions: he s udy o demand, as a e-
lec ion o he public need o meaning ul leisu e ime,
which includes he s udy o ma ke s by ypes, o ms,
classes o se ice and o he equi emen s o he ou -
is p oduc s in a ious segmen s o he consume ma -
ke ; s udy o he p oposal as a e lec ion o he coun y’s
eal condi ions o he de elopmen o he ou ism in-
dus y; assessmen o he e ec i eness o he cu en
ou is p oduc o e , i s comple eness, and quali y ol-
lowing he exis ing demand and i s possible changes;
op imisa ion o he a io o supply and demand in he
ma ke o ou is se ices”. Fac o models a e mos e-
quen ly used as a o ecas ing me hod. Thei applica ion
p o ides a basis o de e mining he change in he le el
Mechanism o ans o ming he compe i i e po en ial...
Economic Fo um, 2024, Vol. 14, No. 2
14
o CP o he ou ism indus y subjec depending on he
in luence o a ious ac o s o he ex e nal and in e nal
en i onmen s.
P icing, as a me hod o implemen ing he p oposed
mechanism, deals wi h de e mining he op imal le el o
p ices o ou is se ices, depending on he demand
and supply o hem. V.R.Kupchak & K.V.Pa lo (2018)
single ou such app oaches o p icing o a ou is p od-
uc as “ he cos app oach ( o calcula e he cos p ice and
he ma ginal ma kup o he inal se ice); a compe i-
i eness-based app oach ( akes in o accoun he p ice
policy o compe i o s); a conjunc u al app oach ( o ind
ou he speci ic ea u es o he change and he impac
o he ma ke si ua ion)”. E e y subjec o he ou ism
indus y o ms i s own p ice policy, he p incipal ele-
men s o which a e he a ailabili y o p ices, a sys em o
discoun s, and paymen e ms depending on he ype
o ou is se ice. The e ec i eness o he p icing pol-
icy de e mines he p o i abili y o he ou is business
and i s a ac i eness o he ou is . In hei esea ch
pape , R. Dudyak e al. (2018) s a e ha “ he p ice o
ou ism p oduc s can some imes be conside ed as he
basic ac o ha in luences he choice o he se ice by
consume s. This is cha ac e is ic o coun ies wi h a low
pu chasing powe o he popula ion and cheap ou is
p oduc s o o coun ies in a s a e o economic c isis”.
The e o e, he le el o p ices o ou is se ices should
be co ela ed wi h he phases o TCPTIS. In he de o ma-
ion and ans o ma ion phases, he subjec o he ou -
ism indus y o ms a p ice policy sa is ying he needs o
consume s wi h a high le el o pu chasing powe . In his
case, a ou is package o e s Luxu y ou ism se ices
o some unique ones. Fo he emaining phases o he
ans o ma ion, i is necessa y o ensu e he a e age
le el o p ices o ou is se ices.
Ano he impo an issue ha should be conside ed
is he in luence o ex e nal and in e nal ac o s on he
TCPTIS mechanism. Such ac o s may ha e di e en in-
ensi ies o in luence, na u e o mani es a ion, ime/pe-
iod o in luence, and be unp edic able and uncon olla-
ble. They a e he ac o s ha will de e mine he phase
o he ans o ma ional p ocess and he balance in he
ou is se ices ma ke . The e o e, in his case, he abil-
i y o he subjec s o ans o ma ional p ocess manage-
men o espond quickly and e icien ly o any mani es-
a ions o posi i e and nega i e in luences is signi ican ,
as well as hei eadiness o ake p e en i e measu es o
elimina e hei des uc i e impac on he de elopmen
o he CP o he ou ism indus y subjec s.
Conclusions
The s udy elucida es he ea u es and s uc u e o he
TCPTIS mechanism in he pos -wa pe iod. De e mina-
ion o blocks and c i e ia, di e en ia ed app oaches, and
ins i u ionalisa ion o he ans o ma ion mechanism
a e in e p e ed as basic elemen s o i s de elopmen .
The analysis o mode n app oaches o he o ma ion
o he mechanism o TCPTIS con ibu es o he unde -
s anding o his p ocess as a complex o concep ual ap-
p oaches. I is based on he choice o s a egy, means,
and me hods depending on he chosen pa h and phases
o ans o ma ion. The s udy conside s he ans o ma-
ion mechanism h ough he analysis o i s h ee blocks:
o ma ion o he concep , de ini ion o phases o ans-
o ma ion by c i e ia, and implemen a ion o he mech-
anism. These app oaches can con ibu e o inc easing
he e ec i eness o managemen o he TCPTIS p ocess
in he pos -wa pe iod. A he basis o he di e en ia ed
app oach o de ining he goals o TCPTIS a e h ee c i-
e ia: sus ainabili y, sa e y, and compe i i eness, which
a e he mos signi ican o he success ul de elopmen
o he ou ism indus y. Sus ainabili y implies he abil-
i y o he economy o adap o a ying social, econom-
ic, and en i onmen al condi ions, ensu ing long- e m
de elopmen . Sa e y means he assu ance o he sa e y
and p o ec ion o ou is s, educing he isks o nega i e
e en s o acciden s. Compe i i eness needs cons an
imp o emen o he quali y and a ac i eness o ou is
o e s and he p epa edness o compe e in he ma ke
o ou is se ices. The s udy o e s insigh s in o he ole
o a ious subsys ems and ools in he implemen a ion
o he mechanism, namely: he s a egy o de eloping
he compe i i e po en ial o ou ism indus y en i ies by
phases and c i e ia; suppo subsys ems (legal, o gani-
sa ional, in o ma ional, ma ke ing); ools o implemen -
ing he mechanism (ma ke ing, iscal, ep oduc i e);
me hods o he mechanism implemen a ion (planning,
o ecas ing, p icing). The ans o ma ion mechanism
p o ides a ious subjec s o he ou ism indus y wi h
he oppo uni y o choose op imal de elopmen s a e-
gies depending on hei in e nal esou ces, le el o com-
pe i i eness, and speci ics o hei ac i i y. Such a di e -
en ia ed app oach will allow he subjec s o he ou ism
indus y o ensu e di e si y and compliance o supply
op ions wi h demand needs, which will con ibu e o he
balanced de elopmen o he ou is se ices ma ke
and inc ease he o e all le el o compe i i eness o he
indus y. The e o e, he p oposed mechanism o ans-
o ming he compe i i e po en ial and a di e en ia ed
app oach o TCPTIS can help o balance he demand
and supply in he ma ke o ou is se ices. The s udy
indings a e impo an in he p ac ical sphe e, o exam-
ple, o he analysis o he ou ism indus y o Uk aine in
mode n condi ions.
Acknowledgemen s
None.
Con lic o In e es
None.
Ko alska e al.
Economic Fo um, 2024, Vol. 14, No. 2
15
Re e ences
[1] Ba inok, N.V. (2021). Sa e y o ou is s du ing a el as an impo an ac o in ou ism o ganisa ion. In Ac ual
p oblems o li e sa e y (pp. 86-90). Mykolayi : MNAU.
[2] Bezsme niuk, T.P. (2021). Regula o y and legal suppo o he de elopmen o ou ism in Uk aine. In VII
In e na ional scien i ic and p ac ical con e ence “Mode n ends in de elopmen science and p ac ice” (pp. 604-507).
Va na: ISG.
[3] Bonda enko, L.A. (2021). Tools o imp o ing he quali y o ou is se ices in he condi ions o compe i ion.
The Jou nal o V.N. Ka azin Kha ki Na ional Uni e si y. Se ies: In e na ional Rela ions. Economics. Coun y S udies.
Tou ism, 13, 167-173. doi:10.26565/2310-9513-2021-13-17.
[4] Chuguno , I.Y., Kane a, T.V., & Pasichnyi, M.D. (2018). Budge and ax policy in he sys em o economic egula ion.
Kyi : Globus-P ess.
[5] Do osh, V.Y., Makhme , R.R., & Do osh, V.V. (2023). The mechanism o implemen a ion o public-p i a e
pa ne ship in he pos -wa ans o ma ion o Uk aine. Economic Sciences. “Regional Economy”, 20, 26-36.
doi:10.36910/2707-6296-2023-20(79)-4.
[6] Dudyak, R., Be ezi ska, O., & Bugil, S. (2018). P icing policy on he ma ke o ou is se ices. Bulle in o L i
Na ional En i onmen al Uni e si y. Se ies "AIC Economics", 25, 149-154. doi:10.31734/economics2018.25.149.
[7] Ie ko, I., Demianchuk, O., Golub, G., Poh ebskyi, T., Gazuda, S., & Vashchuk, L. (2023). Economic ans o ma ion
o he compe i i e po en ial o he ou ism indus y subjec s: Me hodological concep . Financial and C edi
Ac i i y: P oblems o Theo y and P ac ice, 6(53), 363-375. doi:10.55643/ cap p.6.53.2023.4245.
[8] Khuda e diye a, V. (2022). O ganisa ional and legal suppo o he ou ism indus y in Uk aine. In e na ional
Science Jou nal o Ju isp udence & Philosophy, 1(2), 16-34. doi:10.46299/j.isjjp.20220102.2.
[9] Ki ilo a, O. (2009). Ma ke ing on he ma ke o ou is se ices. Ma ke ing in Uk aine, 3, 57-59.
[10] Ko alo a, O. (2017). S uc u al policy as a mechanism o he ans o ma ion o he economy. Elec onic Scien i ic
Publica ion on Economic Sciences “Mode n Economics”, 6, 85-93.
[11] Kupchak, V.R., & Pa lo , K.V. (2018). P icing on he ma ke o ou is se ices in he egion. In P oceedings o
he in e na ional scien i ic and p ac ical In e ne con e ence de o ed o he 10 h anni e sa y o he Depa men o
Tou ism and Hospi ali y Managemen a Lesya Uk ainka Eas e n Eu opean Na ional Uni e si y (pp. 34-37). Lu sk:
Lesya Uk ainka Eas e n Eu opean Na ional Uni e si y.
[12] Leonenko, N.A. (2019). Legal mechanism o s a e egula ion o he ou ism sphe e o Uk aine. Public Adminis a ion
and Cus oms Adminis a ion, 1, 69-75. doi:10.32836/2310-9653-2019-1-69-75.
[13] Liu yi, O. (2017). Finanсe. Kyi : Li a-K.
[14] Ma ko , B. (2017). Mechanism o s uc u al de elopmen o na ional economy. Ag os i , 22, 3-6.
[15] O de o he Minis y o Economic De elopmen and T ade o Uk aine No. 1277 “On App o al o Me hodological
Recommenda ions o Calcula ing he Le el o Economic Secu i y o Uk aine”. (2013, Oc obe ). Re ie ed om
h ps://zakon. ada.go .ua/ ada/show/ 1277731-13#Tex .
[16] Pa likha, N.V., Tsymbalyuk, I.O., & Sa chuk, A.Yu. (2022). Sus ainable de elopmen o ou ism and ec ea ion:
Mode n challenges and p ospec s o Uk aine. Lu sk: Vezha-D uk.
[17] Pus o a o , A. (2020). Fo ma ion o he mechanism o digi al ans o ma ion o managemen o de elopmen
o na ional economy. Scien i ic Bulle in o he Uzhho od Na ional Uni e si y, 34, 213-218. doi:10.32782/2413-
9971/2020-34-36.
[18] Shaposhnyko , K., K ylo , D., & Yakushko, I. (2021). Essence and ypes o iscal ins umen s. P oblems and
P ospec s o Economics and Managemen , 2, 164-171. doi:10.25140/2411-5215-2021-2(26)-164-171.
[19] Smo zhenko, T.S., & H a ska, O.I. (2020). Assessmen o he de elopmen capaci y o ou ism and ec ea ion
indus y in he economy o Uk ainian egions. Regional Economy, 2, 44-57. doi:10.36818/1562-0905-2020-2-4.
[20] Usyk, I. (2019). Mechanism o s uc u al ans o ma ion o he model o de elopmen o Uk aine’s economy
in he condi ions o globalisa ion challenges. In Science, educa ion, socie y: Reali y, challenges, pe spec i es.
Con e ence p oceedings (pp. 167-170). Vinny sia: Done sk Na ional Uni e si y named a e Vasyl S us.
[21] Va ulo , A. (2020). Budge a y mechanism in he condi ions o economic ans o ma ion. E ek y na Ekonomika, 5.
doi:10.32702/2307-2105-2020.5.86.
