Fa ouk, Didaoui Mohamed; Ismail, Boughazi
A icle
The con ibu ion o analy ical p ocedu es in suppo ing
co po a e go e nance: A ield s udy in Alge ia
Financial In e ne Qua e ly
P o ided in Coope a ion wi h:
Uni e si y o In o ma ion Technology and Managemen , Rzeszów
Sugges ed Ci a ion: Fa ouk, Didaoui Mohamed; Ismail, Boughazi (2024) : The con ibu ion o
analy ical p ocedu es in suppo ing co po a e go e nance: A ield s udy in Alge ia, Financial
In e ne Qua e ly, ISSN 2719-3454, Sciendo, Wa saw, Vol. 20, Iss. 3, pp. 91-102,
h ps://doi.o g/10.2478/ iq -2024-0021
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Abs ac This s udy aimed o shed ligh on he con ibu ion o analy ical p ocedu es (APs) o suppo ing
co po a e go e nance. This was achie ed h ough a ield s udy in which a ques ionnai e was c e-
a ed and dissemina ed o a andom sample o ex e nal audi o s in Alge ia. The da a collec ed
unde wen analysis using he SPSS. The s udy concluded ha APs play a c ucial ole in bols e ing
co po a e go e nance by analyzing he company's con inui y capabili y and iden i ying inancial
p oblems acing he companies. In addi ion, APs enhance he quali y and e iciency o ex e nal
audi ing, especially conside ing audi ing as one o he key mechanisms ha suppo co po a e
go e nance.
JEL classi ica ion: M42, G34, G32
Keywo ds: Analy ical P ocedu es, Ex e nal Audi , Co po a e Go e nance, he company's con inui y capabili y
Recei ed: 10.04.2024 Accep ed: 05.08.2024
Ci e his:
Fa ouk, D.M. & Ismail, B. (2024). The con ibu ion o analy ical p ocedu es in suppo ing co po a e go e nance: A ield s udy in Alge ia. Financial
In e ne Qua e ly 20(3), pp. 91-102.
© 2024 Didaoui Mohamed Fa ouk and Boughazi Ismail, published by Sciendo. This wo k is licensed unde he C ea i e Commons A ibu ion-
NonComme cial-NoDe i a i es 3.0 License.
1 Facul y o Economic, Comme cial, and Managemen Sciences, Uni e si y o Ain Temouchen , Alge ia, e-mail: mohamed.didaoui@uni -
emouchen .edu.dz, ORCID: h ps://o cid.o g/0000-0002-9047-7851.
2 Facul y o Economic, Comme cial, and Managemen Sciences, Uni e si y o Ain Temouchen , Alge ia, e-mail: ismail.boughazi@uni -
emouchen .edu.dz, ORCID: h ps://o cid.o g/0009-0005-3403-8263.
Didaoui Mohamed Fa ouk, Boughazi Ismail
The con ibu ion o analy ical p ocedu es in suppo ing co po a e go e nance:
A ield s udy in Alge ia
Financial In e ne Qua e ly 2024, ol. 20 / no. 3
A s udy conduc ed by Imoniana e al. (2012) ound
ha audi o s, when aced wi h a ious es ing equi e-
men s, end o selec a combina ion o es s ha align
wi h hei p e e ences o ul ill audi objec i es. This
selec ion p ocess is o en in luenced by he ma e iali y
o he accoun s unde sc u iny. These ac o s eme ge
as pi o al conside a ions o enhancing audi e ec i e-
ness when de e mining he APs o be employed and
es ed.
Ha well (2010) asked a ques ion abou whe e co -
po a e go e nance began, and i was de e mined ha
he o igins o co po a e go e nance da e back o he
ea ly 20 h cen u y, be o e Be le and Means aised he
ques ion abou he essence o co po a e go e nance.
'Co po a e go e nance' has exis ed since he e we e
ha e been con lic s be ween in es o s and manage s.
Co po a e go e nance is a as -e ol ing p ac ice in
businesses. The global in e es in co po a e go e nance
s ems om i s c i ical ole in unde pinning a company's
ope a ing amewo k. The adop ion and implemen a-
ion o co po a e go e nance p ac ices a e expec ed o
bene i he owne s, as hey commi o using he p inci-
ples and mechanisms ha , in he b oades sense,
amoun o e ec i e moni o ing o a company's ac i i-
ies. This is pa icula ly ue when p inciples o disclo-
su e and anspa ency a e adop ed (Al onso & Cas il-
lón, 2021)
The li e a u e shows ha he e is no single, com-
p ehensi e, o widely acknowledged de ini ion o co -
po a e go e nance. Howe e , mos de ini ions o co -
po a e go e nance sha e common elemen s, desc ibing
i as he policies, p ocesses, and s uc u es ha o gani-
za ions use o guide and manage hei ac i i ies, ac-
complish hei goals, and sa egua d he in e es s o
hei a ied s akeholde s, all in line wi h app op ia e
e hical s anda ds (Suzana e al., 2012)
Acco ding o Bo lea and Achim (2013) undamen al
heo ies o co po a e go e nance a e oo ed in agency
heo y and he heo y o mo al haza d. These heo ies
u he de elop wi hin s ewa dship heo y and s ake-
holde heo y and e ol e in o esou ce dependence
heo y, ansac ion cos heo y, and poli ical heo y.
La e , e hics heo y, in o ma ion asymme y heo y,
and he heo y o e icien ma ke s we e added o
hese concep s.
The li e a u e shows ha go e nance and audi ing
ha e a signi ican impac on pe o mance, al hough he
di ec ion o his impac emains unde e mined. Empi i-
cal esul s a e mixed and di e acco ding o he meas-
u e o pe o mance chosen (Noubbigh, 2008). Ex e nal
audi o s a e esponsible o ensu ing ha a co po a ion
complies wi h ele an laws and egula ions, conduc s
In e es in go e nance has inc eased signi ican ly in
ecen decades, especially a e he inancial c ises ha
hi coun ies and majo economies. Such as he 1997
inancial c isis ha a ec ed Sou heas Asian and La in
Ame ican coun ies and he 2008 global inancial c isis.
In addi ion, se e al gian companies wen bank up .
Mos o hese c ises a e caused by inancial and admin-
is a i e co up ion, as well as a lack o supe ision,
accoun abili y, and anspa ency. Adop ing go e nance
is ollowed by ocusing on ex e nal audi ing, which is
conside ed he mos essen ial mechanism o suppo
he ounda ions o go e nance (Fan & Wong, 2005).
Ex e nal audi ing p o ides unbiased inancial and ac-
coun ing in o ma ion ha e lec s he ue condi ion o
companies, helping hem iden i y s eng hs and weak-
nesses. I ins ills con idence among use s o inancial
s a emen s.
The e a e many a ie ies o audi p ocedu es used
by audi o s; analy ical p ocedu es (APs) a e among he
mos impo an . The En on debacle and o he scandals
ha e b ough o ligh he deba e o e whe he APs o
adi ional audi app oaches based on subs an i e
es ing a e mo e sui able (Lin & F ase , 2003). These
p ocedu es a e mainly based on he e alua ion and
s udy o he ela ionships be ween inancial in o -
ma ion as well as he s udy o luc ua ions and de ia-
ions. APs a e ega ded as a me hod o audi o s o
acqui e a deepe unde s anding o he audi ed compa-
nies and analyze he iabili y o he company, which
leads o mo e e ec i e and compelling audi p ocess
(Rose e al., 2020).
This s udy's signi icance is e iden in ligh o he
g owing in e es in go e nance and i s mechanisms.
Addi ionally, he impo ance o he s udy is mani es ed
in unde s anding APs as he mos c i ical audi
measu es ha con ibu e o enhancing he quali y o
audi ing and aising he compe ence o audi o s.
The pu pose o his s udy is o highligh he im-
po ance o APs as he mos impo an audi p oce-
du es. In addi ion o iden i ying he ole o APs in sup-
po ing co po a e go e nance, especially in he con ex
o he mu ual ela ionship be ween audi ing and go -
e nance, he s udy aims o add ess he ollowing e-
sea ch ques ion:
How do analy ical p ocedu es con ibu e o sup-
po ing co po a e go e nance? To add ess he esea ch
ques ion, wo hypo heses we e o mula ed as ollows:
H1: Audi o s in Alge ia apply all ypes o APs and ely on
hem du ing all s ages o he audi ing p ocess.
H2: Analyzing he company's con inui y capabili y h o-
ugh APs con ibu es o suppo ing co po a e go -
e nance.
Didaoui Mohamed Fa ouk, Boughazi Ismail
The con ibu ion o analy ical p ocedu es in suppo ing co po a e go e nance:
A ield s udy in Alge ia
Financial In e ne Qua e ly 2024, ol. 20 / no. 3
om analyses o he ela ionships be ween inancial
and non- inancial da a. Addi ionally, hey in ol e anal-
yses o de ia ions and iden i ied ela ionships ha con-
adic o he ele an da a o subs an ially di e ge
om p edic ed alues (Pinho e al., 2023).
These p ocedu es a e highly e ec i e in de ec ing
a signi ican numbe o ma e ial e o s. Fu he mo e, i
allows audi o s o make be e decisions and se mo e
accu a e expec a ions by adjus ing a business- isk audi
me hod and echnological ad ancemen s. Fu he -
mo e, he e iciency o APs is demons a ed by hei
supe io pe o mance in e o de ec ion and p edic i e
capabili y, which se es as he ounda ion o p ope ly
ocusing he audi o 's a en ion on e o s ha may ne-
cessi a e a mo e ho ough examina ion (Bendjaballah,
2021).
These p ocedu es help o assess he company's
abili y o con inue ope a ions, iden i y a eas o isk,
and hen add ess and a oid hem, as well as e alua e
managemen pe o mance (Moussa, 2013).
Analy ical p ocedu es play a c ucial ole in he au-
di planning p ocess by p o iding a comp ehensi e un-
de s anding o a clien 's business and indus y. This
unde s anding is essen ial o compa ing cu en and
p io yea ’s inancial in o ma ion o indus y bench-
ma ks o iden i y ends and unusual e en s ha could
impac he audi p ocess. Fu he mo e, APs a e ins u-
men al in assessing a company's abili y o con inue as
a going conce n, enabling audi o s o de ec po en ial
inancial p oblems and p edic he likelihood o inan-
cial ailu e (Abu Sha kh, 2012). They a e also i al o
de ec ing e o s and anomalies in inancial s a emen s
by highligh ing unusual a ia ions in inancial compo-
nen s (Al-Jazwi, 2015). Addi ionally, APs con ibu e o
educing he need o ex ensi e de ailed es ing by
p o iding audi o s wi h a clea e unde s anding o i-
nancial da a and associa ed isks (A ens e al., 2012).
Analy ical p ocedu es encompass a ious ech-
niques ha enhance he audi p ocess h ough compa -
a i e analysis. One undamen al ype in ol es compa -
ing clien da a wi h indus y benchma ks, which aids in
unde s anding he clien ’s business and se es as an
ea ly wa ning sys em o po en ial inancial di icul ies
(Ma ood & Khilkhal, 2019). Ano he ype is he com-
pa ison o cu en -yea balances wi h hose o p io
pe iods, enabling audi o s o iden i y signi ican chang-
es ha migh necessi a e inc eased sc u iny. Addi ion-
ally, audi o s compa e clien da a wi h expec ed esul s
i s ope a ions ai ly, and main ains e ec i e con ols o
p e en con lic s o in e es and aud. An audi com-
mi ee composed o independen di ec o s can o e see
managemen , p o iding sha eholde s wi h assu ance
ha hey will ecei e accu a e and comple e in o -
ma ion (Fe ei a, 2018)
Audi ing plays a c ucial ole in s eng hening co po-
a e go e nance by p o iding independen assu ance
ha inancial s a emen s a e ee om ma e ial mis-
s a emen s. Acco ding o DeZoo and Sal e io (2001),
he e ec i eness o audi commi ees, which a e in e-
g al o go e nance amewo ks, signi ican ly a ec s
audi quali y. Thei s udy highligh s ha he expe ise
and expe ience o audi commi ee membe s a e c i i-
cal in shaping he quali y o audi s and ensu ing ha
go e nance objec i es a e me .
Leono e al. (2020) ha e ca ied ou a s udy o
explo e he e ec i eness o using analy ical ools in
pe o ming APs o e alua e an o ganiza ion’s in ol e-
men in suspicious ac i i ies. The s udy disco e ed ha
employing hese ools in inancial s a emen analysis
helps audi o s imp o e he e ec i eness o analy ical
p ocedu es in iden i ying suspicious ope a ions and
ansac ions.
P e ious s udies ha e es ablished compelling e i-
dence indica ing ha APs con ibu e signi ican ly o
enhancing co po a e go e nance wi hin companies.
These p ocedu es se e o u nish managemen wi h
c ucial insigh s in o he company's inancial pe o -
mance, enabling hem o asce ain p o i abili y. Addi-
ionally, hey equip op managemen wi h he neces-
sa y da a o assess and pinpoin a eas o conce n. Fu -
he mo e, h ough he iden i ica ion o un a o able
a iances, APs aid managemen in s eamlining ope a-
ions and educing was age (Changawa & Theu i, 2014).
Acco ding o Kos ian yn e al. (2023), he u iliza ion
o APs in in eg a ing epo ing wi hin co po a e en e -
p ises b oadens he scope and objec i es o audi o s.
Consequen ly, he e is a g owing impe a i e o en-
hance hei compe encies, bo h in di ec ly conduc ing
analy ical assessmen s and in disce ning indica o s o
da a eliabili y o he applica ion o APs. This includes
exe cising p o essional judgmen in selec ing al e na-
i e sou ces o in o ma ion and de ec ing po en ial
signs o da a manipula ion wi hin he in eg a ed e-
po s o he en e p ise.
APs in ol e assessing inancial in o ma ion by ex-
amining he logical connec ions be ween inancial and
non- inancial da a (K i zinge & Ba ac, 2017).
These p ocesses can al e na i ely be desc ibed as
equi alen o assessmen s o inancial da a ha come
Didaoui Mohamed Fa ouk, Boughazi Ismail
The con ibu ion o analy ical p ocedu es in suppo ing co po a e go e nance:
A ield s udy in Alge ia
Financial In e ne Qua e ly 2024, ol. 20 / no. 3
po heses, and p ac ices o boa ds o di ec o s and hei
execu i e and non-execu i e di ec o s. I is a ield ha
ocuses on he ela ionships be ween boa ds, sha e-
holde s, op managemen , and audi o s (Maassen,
1999).
Co po a e go e nance has con ibu ed signi ican ly
o he co po a ion's g ow h and de elopmen . The ole
o he company is no o c ea e o p o ide adminis a-
ion and eap bene i s in his manne . Companies a e
also esponsible o socie al de elopmen . I is impossi-
ble o ensu e he company's g ow h by ocusing solely
on he company's in e es s and igno ing he o e all
de elopmen o he communi y. Co po a e go e nance
is c i ical o imp o ing he economy's e iciency.
A s ong co po a e go e nance amewo k wi hin busi-
nesses os e s he us equi ed o smoo h ope a ion
in a ma ke economy. As a esul , capi al cos s a e e-
duced, and companies a e incen i ized o use esou ces
e icien ly, which bene i s g ow h (Vukče ić, 2012).
Co po a e go e nance s udies consis en ly show
he exis ence o a ious mechanisms o implemen ing
go e nance p inciples. The mechanisms can be classi-
ied as ollows.
The in e nal mechanisms include se e al key ele-
men s. The boa d o di ec o s is made up o people
who a e esponsible o ad ancing he company's busi-
ness. Di ec o s elec ed by sha eholde mee ings a e
d awn om he di ec o ma ke , and hey a e esponsi-
ble o o e sigh , decision-making, compe ence, and
p o iding se ices o he co po a ion h ough hei ex-
pe ise and ne wo k (Collin e al., 2008). Execu i e
managemen also plays a pi o al ole in go e nance
because leade ship's one has a signi ican impac on
he o ganiza ion's cul u e and con ols. Execu i e man-
agemen mus ope a e unde he b oade o e sigh o
di ec o s and ollow speci ic s uc u al guidelines,
which include in e nal con ols, in o ma ion dissemina-
ion, and inancial s a emen ce i ica ion (Banks,
2003). Addi ionally, in e nal con ol g oups suppo
bo h he boa d and execu i e managemen by p o id-
ing objec i e analysis and supe ision o he company's
ope a ions. These specialis s ac as a i al link be ween
he boa d's s a egic policies and he day- o-day ope a-
ions ha a e he ounda ion o a company's ac i i ies.
The o ganiza ion has mul iple in e nal con ol g oups,
including inance/accoun ing, isk managemen , ope a-
ions/se lemen , echnology, law and compliance, and
in e na ional (Banks, 2003).
whe e audi o s use non- inancial da a o his o ical
ends o p ojec accoun balances o c oss- e e ence
wi h o he inancial s a emen s (A ens e al., 2012).
Las ly, using non- inancial da a o compa isons p o-
ides a obus alida ion o inancial da a accu acy, as
he co ela ion be ween inancial and non- inancial
me ics enhances he p ecision o he audi o s’ o e-
cas s (Lounis, 2021).
The iming o (APs) h oughou he audi p ocess is
c ucial o op imizing hei e ec i eness. A he plan-
ning s age, p elimina y APs se e se e al pu poses:
hey help audi o s gain an unde s anding o he clien ’s
business and i s cu en s a e, assess he isk o signi i-
can e o s, and de e mine he scope and na u e o
u he audi p ocedu es. This ini ial applica ion is in-
s umen al in shaping he audi s a egy and plan
(Ma ood & Khilkhal, 2019). Du ing he es ing phase,
APs a e conside ed subs an i e when he audi o de e -
mines ha hey a e supe io in e ec i eness o e i-
ciency compa ed o de ailed es s, aiming o educe he
isk o signi ican e o s a he asse ion le el o an ac-
cep able deg ee (Ma ood & Khilkhal, 2019). In he
comple ion phase, APs a e pe o med as a gene al su -
ey o he inancial s a emen s o de e mine whe he
hey align wi h he audi o 's unde s anding o he com-
pany (Fung, 2010).
Analy ical p ocedu es can be ca ego ized in o
di e en echniques based on hei complexi y and
applica ion. The simple desc ip i e echnique is used o
es ima e an accoun 's balance. I en ails applying ea-
sonableness es s o non- inancial da a, such as inqui -
ies and audi o expec a ions, as well as e iewing in e -
nal and ex e nal non-quan i a i e in o ma ion. The
simple quan i a i e echnique elies on es ima ing an
accoun 's balance. I en ails applying easonableness
es s o non- inancial da a, such as inqui ies and audi-
o expec a ions, as well as e iewing in e nal and ex-
e nal non-quan i a i e in o ma ion (Al-Hajaia, 2022).
In con as , he ad anced quan i a i e echnique em-
ploys complex s a is ical analyses o p edic accoun
balances. These sophis ica ed me hods enable audi o s
o compa e ac ual balances wi h hose de i ed om
ad anced s a is ical models, hus con i ming he accu-
acy and easonableness o inancial da a (Al-Jazwi,
2015).
Co po a e go e nance is a b oad e m ha encom-
passes a a ie y o opics ela ed o he concep s, hy-
Didaoui Mohamed Fa ouk, Boughazi Ismail
The con ibu ion o analy ical p ocedu es in suppo ing co po a e go e nance:
A ield s udy in Alge ia
Financial In e ne Qua e ly 2024, ol. 20 / no. 3
audi o esponsible o he sha eholde s o he conduc
o he audi p ocess. The audi o mus ensu e he accu-
acy o he in o ma ion in he audi epo , s a ing
wi h i s p esen a ion a he ins i u ion's gene al assem-
bly and con inuing o any au ho i y ha elies on he
epo o decision-making (Benaissa & Boussouak,
2021).
A desc ip i e me hodology and an analy ical ap-
p oach we e used o iden i y analy ical p ocedu es and
hei ole in suppo ing he undamen als o co po a e
go e nance in o de o ind a solu ion o he s udy's
p oblem. The ollowing s udy model was adop ed:
The ex e nal mechanisms: Ex e nal mechanisms
play a c ucial ole in enhancing co po a e go e nance
by in luencing and egula ing he beha io o o ganiza-
ions. These mechanisms can be classi ied in o se e al
ca ego ies. The ma ke mechanism ac s as a ca alys o
go e nance by encou aging owne s o seek ou unde -
alued ins i u ions. This ma ke -d i en app oach
p omp s a ious s akeholde s o collabo a e e ec i ely
o enhance he company's alue and achie e long- e m
sus ainabili y. Laws and egula ions also se e a i al
unc ion by de ining he ela ionships, esponsibili ies,
igh s, and du ies o each pa y ha can con ibu e o
go e nance (Bou a ah, 2016). Addi ionally, he ex e nal
audi mechanism ensu es accoun abili y by holding he
Figu e 1: Model o he s udy
Analy ic P ocedu es Co po a e Go e nance
Dependen Va iable Independen Va iable
Sou ce: Au ho ’s own wo k.
poin Like scale was used o de e mine ends in e-
sponden s' answe s, and he SPSS p og am was used
o s a is ical analysis. The s udy's popula ion consis s
o Alge ian ex e nal audi p ac i ione s. A andom sam-
ple o 60 audi o s was selec ed, 60 ques ionnai e o ms
we e dis ibu ed o he s udy sample, and 40 alid
o ms we e e ie ed, accoun ing o 72% o he o al
dis ibu ed o ms.
A ques ionnai e was used as he da a collec ion
ool, which included wo sec ions, he i s o which
con ained he sample's pe sonal da a, such as p o es-
sion, numbe o yea s o expe ience, educa ional quali-
ica ion, and specializa ion, and he second sec ion in-
cluded 29 s a emen s di ided in o wo axes, The i e-
Table 1: P esen a ion he pe sonal da a o he sample
Va iables Ca ego ies I e a ion Pe cen age
Specializa ion
Accoun ing 30 75.0%
Finance 8 20.0%
Economics 1 2.5%
Business adminis a ion 1 2.5%
Scien i ic Specializa ion
Bachelo 's deg ee 17 42.5%
Mas e 11 27.5%
Doc o a e deg ee 7 17.5%
P o essional ce i ica e 5 12.5%
P o ession Audi o 25 62.5%
Accoun ing expe 15 37.5%
Numbe o yea s o expe ience Less han 5 yea s 6 20.0%
F om 5 o 15 yea s old 17 42.5%
Didaoui Mohamed Fa ouk, Boughazi Ismail
The con ibu ion o analy ical p ocedu es in suppo ing co po a e go e nance:
A ield s udy in Alge ia
Financial In e ne Qua e ly 2024, ol. 20 / no. 3
o expe ience, 42.5% o esponden s ha e expe ience
be ween 5 and 15 yea s, while 22.5% ha e expe ience
be ween 16 and 25 yea s. Fu he mo e, 20% o e-
sponden s ha e o e 25 yea s o expe ience, while 20%
ha e less han 5 yea s o expe ience. This indica es ha
he sample indi iduals ha e a wide ange o expe ience
and su icien p ac ical quali ica ions o espond o he
ques ionnai e c edibly and objec i ely. The ques ion-
nai e's s abili y and alidi y we e es ed using
C onbach's alpha coe icien , and he Spea man co e-
la ion coe icien which measu es he s eng h and di-
ec ion o associa ion be ween he sco e o each s a e-
men and he o al sco e o he axis o which i belongs.
Table 1, based on he p o ession a iable, shows
ha 62.5% o esponden s a e audi o s and 37.5% a e
accoun ing expe s. This sugges s ha he esponden s
a e quali ied o espond o he ques ionnai e s a e-
men s. In e ms o scien i ic specializa ion, 95% o e-
sponden s wo k in inance and accoun ing. This is con-
sis en wi h he equi emen s o p ac icing audi ing in
Alge ia, demons a ing ha hey a e capable and able
o espond objec i ely. In e ms o academic quali ica-
ions, 87.5% o esponden s hold ad anced uni e si y
deg ees. This demons a es ha hey ha e a s ong
academic backg ound, as well as he abili y o unde -
s and and answe he ques ionnai e. In e ms o yea s
Va iables Ca ego ies I e a ion Pe cen age
Numbe o yea s o expe ience F om 16 o 25 yea s old 9 22.5%
Mo e han 25 yea s 8 20.0%
To al - 40 100.0%
Sou ce: Au ho ’s own wo k.
Table 2: S abili y coe icien and he alidi y coe icien
Axis Pa ag aphs numbe C onbach's alpha Spea man coe icien
Axis no 1 17 0.87 Be ween 0.330* and 0.808**
Axis no 2 12 0.82 Be ween 0.357* and 0.794**
All axis 29 0.90 -
Sou ce: Au ho ’s own wo k.
signi ican a he 0.05 le el, indica ing ha he ques-
ionnai e's axes a e highly alid.
The indings demons a e he alidi y o he analy-
sis as well as he since i y and consis ency o he ques-
ionnai e axes.
Be o e es ing he s udy's hypo heses, he da a
mus be classi ied based on he deg ee o ag eemen .
The C onbach's alpha coe icien s o he i s and
second axes a e 0.87 and 0.82, espec i ely. Fu he -
mo e, he coe icien o all ques ionnai e axes eached
0.90, exceeding he e e ence alue o 0.60. This indi-
ca es ha he ques ionnai e s a emen s a e eliable
and can be used in he s udy.
The i s axis' in e nal consis ency coe icien , ep-
esen ed by he Spea man co ela ion coe icien ,
anged om 0.330 o 0.808. While he second axis
anged om 0.357 o 0.794. All o hese coe icien s a e
Table 3: Ranking he deg ee o ag eemen on he s udy axes
Mean Deg ee o app o al
1 o 1.80 S ongly Disag ee S-D
1.80 o -2.60 Disag ee D
2.61 o 3.40 Neu al N
3.41 o 4.20 Ag ee A
4.20 o 5 S ongly Ag ee S-A
Sou ce: Au ho ’s own wo k.
a signi icance le el o 0.05 wi h a one-sample - es ,
and he a i hme ic means and s anda d de ia ion we e
calcula ed as ollows:
H0: Audi o s in Alge ia do no apply all ypes o analy i-
cal p ocedu es du ing all s ages o he audi ing p o-
cess.
Acco ding o he S udden able ( -dis ibu ion a-
ble), he c i ical - alue a deg ee o eedom n — 1 =
(40 — 1 = 39) and a signi icance le el o 0.05 is 2.023.
The i s hypo hesis is exp essed in he ques ion-
nai e's i s axis, which consis s o 17 pa ag aphs di id-
ed in o ou dimensions. The hypo hesis was es ed a
Didaoui Mohamed Fa ouk, Boughazi Ismail
The con ibu ion o analy ical p ocedu es in suppo ing co po a e go e nance:
A ield s udy in Alge ia
Financial In e ne Qua e ly 2024, ol. 20 / no. 3
H1: Audi o s in Alge ia apply all ypes o analy ical p o-
cedu es du ing all s ages o he audi ing p ocess.
Table 4: One Sample - es o he i s hypo hesis
Dimensions No Pa ag aphs Mean S d.
De ia ion
T
alue
Sig
alue
App o al
Deg ee
Analy ical
p ocedu es
du ing he
planning
phase o
he audi
1
Applying analy ical p ocedu es helps o
unde s and he na u e o he clien 's
business
4.300 0.46410 17.716 0.00 S-A
2
The use o analy ical p ocedu es helps
o gain a deepe unde s anding o he
in o ma ion sys ems wi hin he compa-
ny.
4.175 0.67511 11.008 0.00 A
3
Aps empowe he audi o o de ec un-
de lying isks o aud and manipula-
ions in he inancial s a emen s
4.150 0.76962 9.450 0.00 A
4
Analy ical p ocedu es help iden i y he
i ems, elemen s, and accoun s ha e-
qui e close sc u iny
4.275 0.55412 14.552 0.00 S-A
5
The audi o ob ains app op ia e e iden-
ial suppo while applying analy ical
p ocedu es.
3.975 0.76753 8.034 0.00 A
P ocedu es
du ing he
ob aining
o audi
e idence
phase
6 Analy ical p ocedu es empowe he
audi o o iden i y po en ial dis o ions 3.950 0.78283 7.675 0.00 A
7 Relying on analy ical p ocedu es allows
he audi o o educe de ailed es s 3.600 0.92819 4.088 0.00 A
8
Analy ical p ocedu es empowe he
audi o o assess he su iciency o he
e idence ga he ed.
3.875 0.68641 8.062 0.00 A
9
Analy ical p ocedu es aid he audi o in
e alua ing he accu acy and ai ness o
he inancial s a emen s, d awing upon
hei unde s anding o he audi ed com-
pany.
4.000 0.75107 8.421 0.00 A
Analy ical
p ocedu es
du ing he
conclusion,
e alua ion
and
epo ing
phase
10
Analy ical p ocedu es con ibu e o
compa ing he ac ual le el o isk wi h
he p ede e mined le el o isk se by
he audi o
3.775 0.97369 5.034 0.00 A
11
Analy ical p ocedu es help he audi o
adop a comp ehensi e and objec i e
iew o he inancial s a emen s and
o m a inal opinion ega ding he inan-
cial da a's con o mi y, d awing on he
audi o 's unde s anding o he audi ed
company's ope a ions.
4.100 0.70892 9.814 0.00 A
12
Th ough he applica ion o analy ical
p ocedu es, he audi o conduc s
a comp ehensi e examina ion o e alu-
a e he easonableness o he inancial
s a emen s as an in eg a ed en i y.
3.825 0.87376 5.972 0.00 A
Type o
analy ical
p ocedu es
13 The audi o compa es clien and indus-
y da a 3.725 0.81610 5.619 0.00 A
14 The audi o compa es clien da a wi h
simila p io -pe iod da a 4.300 0.46410 17.716 0.00 S-A
Didaoui Mohamed Fa ouk, Boughazi Ismail
The con ibu ion o analy ical p ocedu es in suppo ing co po a e go e nance:
A ield s udy in Alge ia
Financial In e ne Qua e ly 2024, ol. 20 / no. 3
The esul s o he one-sample - es o he i s
axis show ha he calcula ed - alue is 13.235, which
exceeds he c i ical - alue o 2.02. Fu he mo e, he
signi icance le el (sig) is 0.00, which is lowe han he
h eshold o 0.05. As a esul , we ejec he null hypo h-
esis (H0) and accep he al e na i e hypo hesis (H1),
con i ming ha Alge ian audi o s use a ious ypes o
analy ical p ocedu es and ely on hem a all s ages o
he audi ing p ocess.
The second hypo hesis is embodied in he ques-
ionnai e's second axis, which includes 12 i ems. The
hypo hesis was es ed a a signi icance le el o 0.05
wi h a one-sample - es , and he a i hme ic means and
s anda d de ia ion we e calcula ed as ollows:
H0: Analyzing he company's con inui y capabili y
h ough analy ical p ocedu es does no con ibu e
o suppo ing co po a e go e nance.
H1: Analyzing he company's con inui y capabili y
h ough analy ical p ocedu es con ibu es o sup-
po ing co po a e go e nance.
Acco ding o Table 4, he majo i y o esponden s
ag ee o s ongly ag ee on he ex en o which audi o s
in Alge ia use all ypes o analy ical p ocedu es and ely
on hem h oughou he audi ing p ocess.
The i s and ou een h pa ag aphs had he highes
deg ee o ag eemen , wi h a mean sco e o 4.300, ol-
lowed by he ou h pa ag aph (mean = 4.275), he
second pa ag aph (mean = 4.175), he hi d pa ag aph
(mean = 4.15), he ele en h pa ag aph (mean = 4.10),
he nin h pa ag aph (mean = 4), he i h and i een h
pa ag aphs (mean = 3.975), he six h pa ag aph (mean
= 3.95), he eigh h pa ag aph (mean = 3.875), he
wel h and six een h pa ag aphs (mean = 3.825), and
he en h pa ag aph (mean = 3.77)
The able also shows ha he i s axis, " he ex en
o which audi o s in Alge ia apply all ypes o analy ical
p ocedu es and ely on hem du ing all s ages o he
audi ing p ocess," had an o e all a i hme ic mean o
3.975. This sugges s ha he i s axis' s a emen s a e
gene ally ag eed upon.
Dimensions No Pa ag aphs Mean S d.
De ia ion
T
alue
Sig
alue
App o al
Deg ee
Type o
analy ical
p ocedu es
15 The audi o compa es clien da a wi h
clien -de e mined expec ed esul s 3.975 0.86194 7.154 0.00 A
16 The audi o compa es clien da a wi h
audi o -de e mined expec ed esul s 3.825 0.90263 5.781 0.00 A
17 The audi o compa es clien da a wi h
expec ed esul s using non inancial da a 3.400 0.93233 3.053 0.00 A
- - All Pa ag aphs 3.975 0.42663 14.454 0.00 A
Sou ce: Au ho ’s own wo k.
Table 5: One Sample - es o he second hypo hesis
No Pa ag aphs Mean S d.
De ia ion T alue Sig alue App o al
Deg ee
1 The audi o con ibu es o es ablishing and 3.8500 0.86380 6.224 0.000 A
2 The e is a di e ence in he audi p ocess
be ween he company applying go e nance 3.8500 0.89299 6.020 0.000 A
3
Using analy ical p ocedu es o analyze he
company's con inui y enhances he ounda-
ions o co po a e go e nance
4.2000 0.79097 9.595 0.000 A
4
Analyzing he company's con inui y h ough
analy ical p ocedu es con ibu es o iden i-
ying inancial p oblems, he eby s eng h-
ening suppo o co po a e go e nance
3.9750 0.61966 9.951 0.000 A
5
Analyzing he company's abili y o con inue
h ough analy ical p ocedu es con ibu es
o suppo ing p inciples o in o ma ion dis-
semina ion and anspa ency, as well as
equal ea men o sha eholde s and o he
ex e nal in es o s
4.1250 0.60712 11.720 0.000 A
