COMMUNICATION AND CONFLICT IN IPJ X

Fo iu, Daniel
A icle
COMMUNICATION AND CONFLICT IN IPJ X
Ago a In e na ional Jou nal o Economical Sciences (AIJES)
P o ided in Coope a ion wi h:
Facul y o Economic Sciences, Ago a Uni e si y o O adea
Sugges ed Ci a ion: Fo iu, Daniel (2024) : COMMUNICATION AND CONFLICT IN IPJ X, Ago a
In e na ional Jou nal o Economical Sciences (AIJES), ISSN 2067-7669, Ago a Uni e si y P ess,
O adea, Romania, Vol. 18, Iss. 1, pp. 275-289,
h ps://doi.o g/10.15837/aijes. 18i1.6730
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ISSN 2067-3310, E-ISSN 2067-7669
Vol. 18, No. 1 (2024), pp. 275-289
275
COMMUNICATION AND CONFLICT IN IPJ X
D. FOFIU
Daniel Fo iu
Facul y o Economic Sciences, Ago a Uni e si y o O adea, Romania
E-mail: [email p o ec ed]
Abs ac : Op imal communica ion o he sys em e eals i s ad an ages also wi hin he
Romanian Police. The wo k o a policeman is based on my own knowledge and communica ion
skills and now ha I wo k in he Minis y o In e nal A ai s, I no iced ha his opinion has
been subs an ia ed and e en emphasized. One hing is ce ain: being pa o a law en o cemen
body is no easy. The c iminal en i onmen is highly dange ous and mos c iminals wan o
escape impedimen s ha place hem ou side he limi s imposed by law. The policeman is in he
c osshai s o he o ende . Taking in o accoun all hese aspec s, he policeman mus be in
con inuous communica ion, collabo a ion wi h o he colleagues and de elop a ious me hods
o iden i ying hose who commi an isocial ac s. The g ea e numbe o law en o cemen eams
can lead o de e ence o c iminals. Wo king in he sys em, I can say ha he op imiza ion o
he communica ion p ocess is pe manen ly a ge ed by police o ice s and, as a esul , many
cases can be sol ed.
Keywo ds: communica ion, con lic , policeman, managemen .
In oduc ion
Inhe en ly, con lic is also a common ac o in oday's socie y. Looking a ound us, we
can no ice nume ous di e gences be ween di e en g oups o people, be ween di e en
indi iduals, na ions. The sou ces gene a ing con lic s a e o he mos di e se: he desi e o
powe , sup emacy, p ejudices, di e en pe spec i es on an issue, e c. Con lic is ine i able,
bu , managed co ec ly, i can lead o he esolu ion o many p oblems.
1. The ole o communica ion and con lic in maximizing pe o mance
1.1. Communica ion and con lic . Theo e ical conside a ions
As o he communica ion p ocess, i has ecei ed se e al de ini ions in doc ine. We
ally wi h Mckay M.'s iew as a ounda ion o li e, a sou ce o happiness, ul ilmen , and
sa is ac ion; Only h ough communica ion, he belie ed, can people gain us in o he people
(Flo ea, 2017:10). Ano he de ini ion o communica ion ha we wan o p esen in he
p eamble o his wo k, belongs o D.R., acco ding o which communica ion is some hing
omnip esen , some hing ha is always nea us and in us. Th ough i , we con ey no only wo ds,
bu also s imuli o ac ions.
One o he de ini ions o con lic ha s ood ou was ha o mula ed by Michael B eche .
He conside ed con lic as a hos ile con on a ion ha ex ends o e a longe o sho e pe iod o
ime, conside ing con lic no as some hing s a ic, linea , bu as a d ama ic phenomenon, wi h
mul iple alences in in ensi y and equency. Con lic is a p ocess, no a speci ic e en (B eche
e al., 2000:3).
276
1.2. The mo i a ion-pe o mance ela ionship in mode n managemen
Mo i a ion is he o ce ha pushes a pe son owa ds a ce ain ideal, a goal, i is ha
in insic elemen ha opens he way o he sa is ac ion gi en by he ul ilmen o a d eam,
aspi a ion, desi e. O e ime, se e al heo ies o mo i a ion ha e been c ea ed. Mos o hese
heo ies ha e poin ed ou ha people, ega dless o s a us, e hnici y, gende , e c., ha e a ce ain
scale o needs. These needs, howe e , a e no he same o all people, bu a e di e en om
indi idual o indi idual. This di e ence is no mal and is de e mined by se e al condi ions.
Among hese condi ions we men ion: he en i onmen in which he indi idual li ed o he edi y
( he spi i ual and inne inclina ions o he indi idual, unlike he ex e nal aspec s, a e no gi en
by he edi y bu by he en i onmen , he en ou age ha man had a ound him); Educa ion;
pe sonal concep ion o he pe son ( he indi idual's abili y o make an in ospec ion, an analysis
on his skills, on his capabili ies, on he quali ies and de ec s he has) ; li e expe ience, e c.
(Pe ișo -Ma euț, 2019). All hese ac o s play an impo an ole in de e mining he needs o
some people. In any o ganiza ion, success depends on he quali y o people. In o de o inc ease
hei pe o mance, companies adop wo di e en models o ac ion. Some o hem ocus mainly
on he ma e ial, ex e nal side o hings, while o he s ocus on people's p inciples, hei way o
hinking. The i s ca ego y includes ac ions such as inancial ewa d, con ol o he employee
and he applica ion o sanc ions when he does no pe o m a ask co ec ly. In he second
ca ego y, manage s make an analysis on he way o "being" o he people hey subo dina e, on
he way o hinking, on hei p inciples. Following his analysis, ac ions will be aken o
s eng hen, modi y o discou age ce ain employee p ecep s in o de o each he desi ed goal:
he bene i and de elopmen o he company.
Pe o mance is an elemen ha is closely ela ed o success. In o de o achie e a
co e ed esul in a ield, some e o mus be made and he indi idual mus p o e, among o he
hings, se iousness and p o essionalism. I we we e o summa ize all hese aspec s, we could
say ha he indi idual, in o de o achie e his goals, mus aim o pe o mance. This means
ha he mus ha e a well-o ganized schedule, be de e mined when he s a s a minis y, and no
gi e up when hings do no go as he an icipa ed. In e ms o ypes o pe o mance, he doc ine
e e s o h ee ypes: psychic pe o mance, physical pe o mance, and psychophysical
pe o mance. Psychic pe o mance akes in o accoun ce ain objec i e physical alences such
as me abolism o bio hy hmic s a e. This ype o pe o mance can in u n be o wo ypes:
in ellec ual dominan , in which eason has he las wo d and no hing iumphs o e i , o
emo ional dominan . The la e akes in o accoun eelings, momen a y s a es, which play a
pa icula ly impo an ole in making decisions, li es yles. Psychophysical pe o mance is ha
ype o pe o mance in which i is no possible o es ablish which is mo e dominan : he
physical side o he psychic side (Pe ișo -Ma euț, 2019).
We belie e ha he pe o mance o an indi idual is closely ela ed o he pe o mance
o a g oup. Any p ojec o a ce ain alue, any mo e expensi e wo k equi es eamwo k,
equi es a g oup o people wo king oge he , suppo ing each o he , o each he in ended goal.
Whe he we a e alking abou p i a e companies o s a e ins i u ions, i is easy o see how a
man's negligence can a ec he en i e wo k and all he wo k o his colleagues. In he Police,
o example, i is enough o a policeman o slande he name o he Romanian Police by
commi ing a c ime, so ha all he ha d wo k done by his o he colleagues o make his socie y
COMMUNICATION AND CONFLICT IN IPJ X
277
a sa e place is o go en and blamed.
As o human pe o mance ac o s, hey can be in e nal o ex e nal. The in e nal ones
can be gene ic, educa ional, aining, e c., and he ex e nal ones can be in o ma ional-
ins uc i e and educa ional, which e e s mainly o school and amily, and echnical-
o ganiza ional and psychosocial, which e e s o s a e s uc u es and ma ke economy (Pe ișo -
Ma euț, 2019).
1.3. The ole o e alua ion in maximising pe o mance
In o de o a company o s a e ins i u ion o de elop and achie e success, a pe iodic
pe o mance e alua ion is needed. This analysis in ol es an in e nal con ol wi hin he ongoing
ac i i ies, an analysis a e which i can be known exac ly wha a e he s eng hs and which a e
he weaknesses ha need o be emedied.
As any i m o any kind o ins i u ion is composed o many people, i is impo an o
look a how o e alua e human esou ces. Thus, when assessing he pe o mance o human
esou ces, he e alua ion o human po en ial and abili y o e ol e will be aken in o accoun ;
beha iou e alua ion and pe o mance e alua ion. The assessmen o po en ial akes in o
accoun he es ablishmen ha a pa icula indi idual has an inclina ion owa ds he ac i i y he
ca ies ou . This aspec mus be es ablished because only when he does wha he likes, man can
de elop and each g ea pe o mances. The beha iou e alua ion akes in o accoun how he
pe son ea s he wo k hey pe o m, he a en ion and me iculousness hey gi e o he smalles
de ails because, o en, hey make he di e ence. Las bu no leas , pe o mance e alua ion
akes in o accoun he esul s ha he employee eaches as a esul o his e o s. Following his
analysis, depending on e e y hing he employee has achie ed, he di ec o o he immedia e
boss can each a conclusion ei he o keep he indi idual on he job o o mo e him o ano he
ac i i y he would be be e a . As a esul o all hese con ols, i will be possible o iden i y
ac o s o p og ess and eg ession, a a ional dis ibu ion o asks, a be e dis ibu ion o s a
by pos s, e c.
2. Case s udy. Police Romanian.
2.1. Gene al cha ac e is ics: du ies, signi icance, classi ica ion
Fo he pe o mance o his du ies, especially o igh o he main enance o a clima e
domina ed by peace and secu i y, he police o ice shall be es ed wi h s a e au ho i y, wi h
public au ho i y, bu only du ing and in connec ion wi h he pe o mance o his du ies, wi hin
he limi s o he compe ences es ablished by law. Law 360/2002 s a es in A icle 2, pa ag aph
2 ha he au ho i y o he policeman's o ice canno be exe cised in pe sonal in e es . I a police
o ice abdica es he ules laid down o he exe cise o his o ice and acqui es ce ain
ad an ages by exe cising he p o ession o policeman, he commi s an o ence. One o hese
o ences o which I wish o e e is p o ided o in A icle 295 o he C iminal Code, as
subsequen ly amended and supplemen ed, which deals wi h embezzlemen . Thus, A icle 295,
pa ag aph 1 p o ides ha he app op ia ion, use o a icking by a public o icial, o pe sonal
in e es o o ano he , o money, bene i s o goods he manages o adminis e s is punishable by
imp isonmen om 2 o 7 yea s and he p ohibi ion o he igh o exe cise a public o ice
(Lupașcu, 2022).
The police o ice mus exe cise his p o essional ac i i y and pe o m his du ies o he
278
sole pu pose o ci izens, he communi y and in he in e es o s a e ins i u ions. In he exe cise
o his du ies, he police o ice mus adop an impa ial, objec i e a i ude, clea ly analyse
hings and hus each a co ec conclusion in o de o achie e jus ice. The wel a e o he socie y
o which he belongs mus be he ounda ion o he indi idual's decision o become an o gan o
law. On he con a y, he policeman will no be able o p o e ai ness and e icali y when he
is o e ed, o example, a ce ain amoun o money o non- ul ilmen o de ec i e pe o mance
o some job du ies.
The Law on he S a us o Police O ice s also ou lines he g ades in which police
o ice s in bo h ca ego ies can all. Thus, he e a e he ollowing anks: quaes o gene al o
police; Chie Quaes o o Police; Chie Police Quaes o ; police quaes o ; Chie Commissione
o Police; Commissione o Police; Depu y Commissione o Police; Senio Police Inspec o ;
police inspec o ; police sub-inspec o . In he ca ego y wi h seconda y educa ion he e a e: chie
police o ice ; chie police o ice ; Depu y Chie Police O ice ; senio police o ice ; police
o ice (Law 360/2022 on he S a us o he Policeman).
All ac i i y ha is ca ied ou by he Romanian Police mus be based on: he p inciple
o legali y, he p inciple o liaison o police o ice s wi h ci izens, he p inciple o coope a ion
in wo k be ween police o ma ions, uni s and cad es, he p inciple o ope abili y, he p inciple
o inding ou he u h, he p inciple o o mali y and he p inciple o he ac i e ole o police
uni s (Cons an in, 2014:13-14).
F om an o ganiza ional poin o iew, he Romanian Police includes: he Gene al
Inspec o a e o he Romanian Police, e i o ial uni s subo dina ed o IGPR, DGPMB and
coun y police inspec o a es, educa ional ins i u ions o he con inuous aining and aining o
police o ice s and o he uni s necessa y o ul il speci ic police du ies.
The e a e o y-one coun y police inspec o a es, co esponding o he numbe o
coun ies in Romania. All hese a e subo dina ed o he Gene al Inspec o a e o he Romanian
Police. The exis ence o a police inspec o a e a he le el o each coun y in Romania is
necessa y because, as I men ioned be o e, c ime in Romania is g adually inc easing. Fo
example, on he o icial websi e o he Gene al Di ec o a e o Police o Bucha es , he c ime
coe icien in di e en sec o s o he coun y's capi al is p esen ed. Thus, in sec o 1, in 2020,
he c ime coe icien was 99.88%, in 2021 102.8%, and in 2022 112.58% ( e ie ed om:
h ps://b.poli ia omana. o/ o/in o ma ii-publice/coe icien i-de-c iminali a e).
A cen al managemen would no be able o cope wi h knowing he c iminal si ua ion
and, abo e all, s opping and diminishing i . On he basis o all hese conside a ions, he e a e
o y-one police inspec o a es which a e in ended o know se e al aspec s o he e i o y o e
which hey exe cise ju isdic ion. Thus, a well- ained policeman should know he e i o y in
e ms o ex en and loca ion, peculia i ies o he geog aphical a ea, ways and means o
anspo , e c. Police o ice s also need o know he popula ion in he coun y whe e hey wo k.
I should be known he s uc u e o he popula ion (numbe o inhabi an s, hei age, hei
occupa ion, e c.), he ela ionships be ween ci izens, he cus oms ha exis in he espec i e
coun y. F om a police poin o iew, he ci il se an wi h special s a us will ha e o iden i y
bo h pe sons likely o commi c imes and hose who ha e commi ed c imes. Also, he
policeman will ha e o iden i y people who can p o ide in o ma ion o ope a ional in e es o
p e en possible an isocial ac s. Ano he pa icula ly impo an aspec conce ns he c iminal
si ua ion. C iminal s a us means he o al numbe o an isocial ac s, con a en ions o c imes

COMMUNICATION AND CONFLICT IN IPJ X
279
ha we e commi ed in a ce ain place o e a ce ain pe iod o ime. The police o ice will
ha e o pay special a en ion o he c iminal s a us in o de o know wha ype o c imes a e
consumed wi h p edilec ion in his a ea o compe ence and hus c ea e means by which o
emo e he condi ions ha a ou he occu ence o an isocial ac s. The police o ice mus
also ake in o accoun e en s o any na u e ha a e o ganized in he coun y. He will ha e o
i s in o m himsel abou he na u e o he e en , abou how such e en s ook place in he pas ,
abou he pluses and minuses o police ac i i ies o main ain public o de and sa e y, and
inally, o ake app op ia e decisions o ensu e a clima e o anquilli y and peace du ing he
e en ha will ake place. Las bu no leas , he police's own o ces and means will be aken
in o accoun . The numbe o s a , hei p o essional aining, hei physical and men al
s eng h, sou ces o in o ma ion, e c. will be aken in o accoun .
By knowing all hese de ails, he police will be able o ensu e jus ice.
The law en o cemen body mus be awa e o e e y hing ha happens in i s e i o y o
compe ence, ake no e o e e y hing ha is happening and ac p omp ly and ope a i ely o s op
c imes. Also, eamwo k e eals once again i s impo ance, he g ea es achie emen s equi ing
coope a ion be ween se e al s uc u es o o ma ions, being he esul o ac ions o he
communica ion p ocess.
3. The i s pilla o he Romanian Police: E hics
3.1. Code o e hics and deon ology o police o ice s
We li e in a wo ld whe e he concep s o "good and e il" a e losing mo e and mo e o
hei essence, acqui ing an inc easingly p onounced shade o g ey. Wha We wan o con ey
by his is ha he good o one man can be he mis o une o ano he and ice e sa.
The u h is ha e e yone has a di e en pe spec i e on he uni e se. To one deg ee o
ano he , he indi idual " alls p ey" o he socio-poli ical, cul u al and economic con ex in
which he is bo n. G ea in luences on he concep ion o li e will also ha e amily, iends,
school and en ou age. I is ue ha o one deg ee o ano he we all need he same elemen s o
su i e (oxygen, wa e , ood, e c.), bu we mus ecognize ha beyond his co e, we a e much
mo e complex han we imagine. On a mo e supe icial le el, as I poin ed ou ea lie , we wan
di e en hings.
I he de ini ion o he no ions o good and e il may di e om pe son o pe son in
ce ain a eas, wi hin he Romanian Police hings acqui e a special simplici y in his espec due
o he no ma i e ac s and no only, which d aw a se ies o p inciples, ules go e ning he
ac i i y ca ied ou by police o ice s. Wi hin hese no ma i e ac s we a e p esen ed, among
o he s, he du ies o he policeman, he conduc he mus ha e in ca ying ou his du ies, his
igh s and obliga ions, e c. Thus, an o e iew o wha "good" means and wha "e il" means,
he good being seen in he o m o how a law en o cemen body mus ela e o socie y and i s
own du ies, and e il being p esen ed by wha a policeman should no do.
Law n . 218 o 23 Ap il 2002 on he o ganiza ion and unc ioning o he Romanian
Police, epublished, wi h subsequen amendmen s and addi ions, ou lines a "good" o be
achie ed and main ained by police o ice s in he o m o hei du ies. Thus, in Chap e 3,
A icle 26, we a e p esen ed wi h se e al main asks:
 De ending li e, eedom o pe sons,
 P o ec ion o public and p i a e p ope y, undamen al igh s o ci izens,
280
 Applica ion o measu es necessa y o main ain public o de and secu i y,
 P e en ing and comba ing c ime,
 Iden i ying and s opping elemen s ha pose a dange o he li e and in eg i y o pe sons
and o public o p i a e p ope y, e c.
F om all his in o ma ion, i is concluded wha he concep o "good" e e s o wi hin he
Romanian Police, namely he sa e y o ci izens. Ensu ing a clima e o anquilli y and peace,
in which all undamen al igh s o he human being and o he ci izen a e espec ed, is he e y
goal ha law en o cemen bodies mus achie e. In o de o ul il his deside a um, he
policeman mus p o e maximum esponsibili y and a en ion in e e y hing he does, o p io i ize
he wel a e o socie y o e his own well-being and com o .
The a o emen ioned law no only se s he s anda d o be achie ed, bu also p o ides he
means by which i can be eached. Thus, in A icle 31 o he same law, we a e old ha he
police o ice is es ed wi h he exe cise o public au ho i y and hus: legi imizes and iden i ies
pe sons, acco ding o he legal p o isions; leads pe sons whose iden i y could no be
es ablished a police headqua e s; pe o m body con ol o pe sons and baggage check when
he e a e se ious indica ions ha he pe son would hide objec s p ohibi ed by law; ca y ou
aids when he e a e indica ions ha a c ime has been commi ed; ca y he necessa y weapons
and ammuni ion, e c.
Also, o d awing a di e ence be ween good and e il wi hin he Romanian Police,
ano he documen has signi ican alue. I is abou he Code o e hics and deon ology o he
policeman, app o ed by Go e nmen Decision n . 991 o 25.08.2005. Taking in o accoun he
signi icance o he Police wi hin socie y, he legisla o conside ed i app op ia e o d aw up a
se ies o no ms o he policeman o ollow exac ly, a scale o alues o a se o p ecep s o
go e n he ac i i y o law en o cemen bodies. In any democ a ic s a e, bodies es ed wi h he
exe cise o public au ho i y mus ha e a espec ul and, why no , i ep oachable conduc . These
bodies mus be an example o hones y, jus ice and ai ness. Being unde hese a ibu es, police
o ice s will ha e a g ea e c edibili y among socie y, hey will be espec ed and honou ed o
he way hey execu e hei ac i i ies.
In i s p eamble, he Code ou lines i s pu pose and e e s o he main unc ions o he
police. Thus, in A icle 2, pa ag aph 1, we a e in o med ha his code es ablishes a se o ules
o conduc o he Romanian police o ice . Any policeman mus ollow hese ules wi h all his
migh . In o de o p e en a possible abuse o powe , he Code also e e s in he same pa ag aph
o he ac ha any pe son may equi e he police o ice o comply wi h he ules laid down in
he Code. Thus, man is no encou aged o ha e a passi e a i ude when he encoun e s a law
en o cemen body ha abuses his powe , bu on he con a y, he is encou aged o equi e he
policeman o adop a conduc wo hy o his p o ession.
The Code o E hics and Deon ology o he Police emphasizes he ac ha police
ac i i y is a public se ice, all police missions being ca ied ou in he in e es o indi iduals
and he communi y, as well as in suppo o s a e ins i u ions, as p o ided in he in e na ional
and domes ic legisla ion applicable in he ield. All he p ima y ac i i ies ca ied ou by he
Romanian Police pe ec ly i he idea p esen ed abo e. P o ec ing he igh s and eedoms o
indi iduals, de ending public and p i a e p ope y, p e en ing and comba ing c ime a e he
main unc ions o he police ha a e exe cised in he in e es o he communi y, o he s a e.
COMMUNICATION AND CONFLICT IN IPJ X
281
A icle 6 se s ou he p inciples go e ning he p o essional conduc o police o ice s.
These a e as ollows: Legali y, Equali y, T anspa ency,
Capaci y and du y o exp ession, A ailabili y, P io i y o public in e es ,
P o essionalism, Con iden iali y, Respec , Mo al In eg i y,
Ope a ional Independence, Loyal y.
To hese p ecep s is added he p inciple o p esump ion o innocence. I akes in o
accoun ha un il he e a e good easons o p o e ha a c ime has ac ually been commi ed by
a pe son, he indi idual will be conside ed innocen . The police o ice mus pe o m his
p e oga i es wi h maximum objec i i y and in a ai manne . He will ha e o de elop he abili y
o hink "coldly", ha is, no o be in luenced by wha he eels would be igh , bu o
me iculously esea ch e e y de ail and a e a ho ough analysis, o a i e a he igh solu ion.
We ha e p e iously s a ed ha law en o cemen bodies mus espec human igh s and
undamen al eedoms. All ac ions ha police o ice s ake owa ds any pe son mus be in s ic
acco dance wi h he law and mus no allow he policeman o be in luenced by ce ain
cha ac e is ics o he indi idual (o igin, e hnici y, na ionali y, sex, e c.) One o he mos
impo an documen s when i comes o p esen ing people's igh s and eedoms is he Uni e sal
Decla a ion o Human Righ s, adop ed on Decembe 10, 1948 by Resolu ion 217 A a he hi d
session o he Uni ed Na ions Gene al Assembly. Among he igh s ha a e ensh ined in his
documen we men ion: ci il igh s ( igh o li e, in iolabili y o housing, ee mo emen , e c.);
poli ical igh s ( igh o asylum, igh o choose, ci izenship); economic igh s ( igh o p ope y,
equal pay o equal wo k); p ocedu al igh s ( igh o a ai ial, igh o e ec i e emedy, e c.)
and social igh s ( igh o wo k, igh o social secu i y, igh o es and leisu e).
3.2. Manage ial communica ion-cybe ne ic sys em
The good, in o de o be encou aged and inc eased, mus be ewa ded acco dingly. E il,
equally, mus be p ope ly punished in o de o be de e ed and s opped. Fo his socie y o
p og ess, excep ional deeds unde aken by a pe son mus be ecognized, app ecia ed and
ul ima ely ewa ded. Deep down, he indi idual has he desi e and, why no , he need o be
app ecia ed, he need o belong o a ce ain collec i e. Thanks o his s i ing, he indi idual
o e comes his limi s and makes g ea e o s o achie e a esul . The employee wan s o be
app ecia ed by o he s a e all his e o s. The indi idual cons an ly eels he need o be use ul
o his ellows. We, as a socie y, mus always ha e ou eyes open o see hese people and
encou age and app ecia e hem o hei ac ions. Only by doing so, he o ganiza ion will achie e
i s goals h ough he ewa d sys em, awa ds, e c. he popula ion in gene al.
This sys em o hinking is also ound wi hin he Romanian Police. Many police o ice s
and agen s go o g ea leng hs o sol e complex cases. They o en sac i ice hei ee ime, and
some imes e en hei amily, so ha e en ually he u h will come ou in a gi en si ua ion and
jus ice will be se ed. F om ou poin o iew, his sac i ice on he al a o jus ice mus be
obse ed and ewa ded acco dingly. Cu en ly, among he exis ing means o ewa ding police
o ice s who achie e ou s anding esul s we men ion: ad ancemen in ank, awa ding a diploma
o excellence, handing ou plaques o honou , e c.
Finally, we no ice how all he no ma i e ac s p esen ed in his chap e ha e he ole o
de ining wi hin he Romanian Police he e e nal concep s o "good" and "e il". All he igh s
and obliga ions o police o ice s, all pe cep ions ha mus go e n he ac i i ies unde aken by
282
police o ice s, all p inciples o he applica ion o police measu es, o m a whole by which he
legisla o de ines "mo ali y" o law en o cemen bodies. The "good" de ined in his sense is
con inually encou aged by ewa ding people who show ini ia i e and dedica ion and who
sac i ice hemsel es, o en o he sake o high mo al p inciples.
4. The second pilla o he Romanian Police: Communica ion
4.1. The ole o o ms o communica ion in police ac i i y
Rega ding he le els on which communica ion is ca ied ou , he doc ine e e s o h ee:
e bal, w i en and non e bal communica ion (Cuc e al., 2015:44).
Ve bal communica ion is I is an impo an o m o communica ion and has se e al
cha ac e is ic ea u es ha di e en ia e i om o he ypes o in o ma ion ansmission. Ve bal
communica ion is pe missi e and ci cula , in he sense ha , wi hin i , one can easily e u n o
de ails o in o ma ion ha appea ed a e he o mula ion o he basic message. This ype o
communica ion is in luenced by ci cums ances, in he sense ha he ecei e can pe cei e he
message di e en ly, depending on he s a e o a igue, he le el o s ess, his mood. Las bu
no leas , e bal communica ion is in luenced by he indi idual ai s o he sende and ecei e .
W i en communica ion is a much mo e o mal ype o communica ion han o al
communica ion and is cha ac e ized by eadabili y, adequacy and ai ness. In his ype o
communica ion, medium-leng h ph ases mus be used, common exp ession and unnecessa y
wo ds mus be a oided so ha he ecei e can pe cei e he message as well as possible.
W i en communica ion has a numbe o ad an ages, bu also a se o disad an ages. Among
he ad an ages, we men ion: he possibili y o dis ance communica ion, he possibili y o he
sende o linge on he message be o e ansmi ing i , he possibili y o ansmi ing mo e
complex messages, so ha he ecei e always has access o in o ma ion and can e ead i .
Among he disad an ages o his ype o communica ion, we e e o: eedback is delayed,
some imes e en absen , o he elabo a ion o a w i en message he e o is highe , he ecei e
does no ha e he oppo uni y o ask ques ions, e c.
Non e bal communica ion is by a he mos impo an o m o communica ion. Pe e
F. D ucke said in his ega d ha he mos impo an hing is o hea wha no one says (Cuc e
al., 2015:68). Non e bal communica ion in ol es an accumula ion o signs ha can be encoded
by he ecei e and ha can con adic , ein o ce o eplace wha he sende wan ed o exp ess.
The ecei e pays he mos a en ion o his ype o communica ion. Among he basic
cha ac e is ics o his ype o communica ion we men ion: he ac ha i is unin en ional,
emphasizes e bal communica ion, is he exp ession o he le el o cul u e and ci iliza ion, can
con adic some aspec s o e bal communica ion, is mos o en ma ked by ambigui y.
Acco ding o Mehab ian A. and Weine M., in o al communica ion 55% o in o ma ion is
e ained and pe cei ed h ough non e bal language (ges u es, mimic y, acial exp ession, e c.)
(Cuc e al., 2015:68).
Wi hin he Romanian Police, we encoun e all hese ypes o communica ion. The use
o a pa icula ype is de e mined by he ci cums ance o he policeman. Thus, in a discussion
wi h se e al colleagues o es ablish an ac ion plan, e bal communica ion will be mainly used.
W i en communica ion occu s mos o en in he p osecu o -police ela ionship, when he
p osecu o will gi e him a no e o ins uc ions, in which he will in o m him o he s eps o
ollow in a ce ain case, usually mo e complica ed. Communica ion Non e bal is de e mined
COMMUNICATION AND CONFLICT IN IPJ X
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O adea, 2015.
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8. Flo ea V.N., O ganiza ional Communica ion in he Con ex o Globaliza ion, P o
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9. Isaacs W., Dialogue and he A o Thinking Toge he , Cu ency Books, New Yo k, 1999.
10. Joe N., Body Language, Ha pe Collins Publishe s, 2018.
11. Kennedy G., The Pe ec Nego ia ion, Na ional Publishing House, Bucha es , 1998.
12. Ko y F., In e pe sonal communica ion, Poli om, Iasi 2013.
13. K izan A.C., e al., Business Communica ion, 8 h edi ion, Cengage Lea ning, 2011.
14. Lupașcu D., C iminal Code, C iminal P ocedu e Code, Uni e sul Ju idic, 2022.
15. Manolescu A., Communica ion and con lic managemen , Ago a Uni e si y P ess, O adea,
2010.
16. Pe ișo -Ma euț O., Human Resou ces Mo i a ion and P o essional Pe o mance, Ago a
Uni e si y P ess, O adea, 2019.
17. Robbins S. P., O ganiza ional Beha io , McG aw Hill, Bos on, 1998.
18. S an on N., Communica ion, Socie y o Science and Technology SA, 1995.
19. Van Cuilenbu g J.J., Schol en O., Noomen G.W., The Science o Communica ion,
Humani as, Bucha es , 2004.
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22. Zsuzsanna K., Be ween con lic and economics. Ensu ing u u e well-being and sa e y,
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Legisla ion:
23. Cha e o he Uni ed Na ions, San F ancisco, June 26, 1945, Chap e VI.
24. Code o e hics and deon ology o police o ice s, a icles 1, 6.
25. Labou Code o 24 Janua y 2003, epublished wi h subsequen amendmen s and
comple ions.
26. Uni e sal Decla a ion o Human Righ s, 1948.
27. Go e nmen Decision 294/2007 on he o ganiza ion and unc ioning o he "Alexand u
Ioan Cuza" Police Academy wi hin he Minis y o Adminis a ion and In e io .
28. h ps://b.poli ia omana. o/ o/in o ma ii-publice/coe icien i-de-c iminali a e.
29. Law 360/2022 on he S a us o he Policeman.
30. Law n . 218 o 23 Ap il 2002 on he o ganiza ion and unc ioning o he Romanian Police,
A icles 26, 31.
31. S a u e o he Na ional Union o Police and Con ac Pe sonnel o he Minis y o In e nal
A ai s, a . 1.
32. www.snppc. o/is o ic.