Ve ano-Taco on e, Domingo; Flo es-U eba, Sand a; Mesa-Mendoza, Ma ga i a;
Llo en e-Muñoz, Vi ginia
A icle
E olu ion o scien i ic p oduc ion on u ban passenge
anspo : A bibliome ic analysis
Eu opean Resea ch on Managemen and Business Economics (ERMBE)
P o ided in Coope a ion wi h:
Eu opean Academy o Managemen and Business Economics (AEDEM), Vigo (Pon e ed a)
Sugges ed Ci a ion: Ve ano-Taco on e, Domingo; Flo es-U eba, Sand a; Mesa-Mendoza, Ma ga i a;
Llo en e-Muñoz, Vi ginia (2024) : E olu ion o scien i ic p oduc ion on u ban passenge anspo : A
bibliome ic analysis, Eu opean Resea ch on Managemen and Business Economics (ERMBE), ISSN
2444-8834, Else ie , Ams e dam, Vol. 30, Iss. 1, pp. 1-16,
h ps://doi.o g/10.1016/j.iedeen.2023.100239
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E olu ion o scien i ic p oduc ion on u ban passenge anspo : A
bibliome ic analysis
Domingo Ve ano-Taco on e
a
,
*
, Sand a Flo es-U eba
b
, Ma ga i a Mesa-Mendoza
c
,
Vi ginia Llo en e-Mu˜
noz
d
a
Depa men o Economy and Bussiness Managemen , Uni e si y o Las Palmas de G an Cana ia, Saulo To ´
on, 4. 35017. Las Palmas de G an Cana ia, Spain
b
Depa men o Business Economics, Rey Juan Ca los Uni e si y, Paseo de los A illle os s/n., 28032. Vic´
al a o, Mad id, Spain
c
Depa men o Financial Economics and Accoun ing, Uni e si y o Las Palmas de G an Cana ia, Saulo To ´
on, 4. 35017 Las Palmas de G an Cana ia. Spain
d
Depa men o Accoun ing and Managemen , Uni e si y o Malaga, Calle El Ejido, 6. 29071 M´
alaga, Spain
ARTICLE INFO
JEL classi ica ion:
R00
R41
R49
Keywo ds:
U ban passenge anspo
Bibliome ic analysis
Scien i ic maps
Longi udinal analysis
ABSTRACT
U ban passenge anspo is a key poin in he p og ess o any ci y. I is a s a egic a ea whose e icien and
sus ainable de elopmen equi es he inco po a ion o mul iple disciplines. I a ec s e i o ial, social, heal h,
economic, and en i onmen al policies, among o he s. In ecen yea s, we ha e wi nessed a se ies o changes,
especially in he domains o echnology and en i onmen al issues. The in e disciplina y na u e o anspo
oge he wi h hese de elopmen s has p oduced undamen al and a - eaching changes in he scien i ic p o-
duc ion ela ed o his ield o s udy which is di icul o co e in a adi ional e iew o he li e a u e. The aim o
his wo k is hus o conduc a bibliome ic analysis o u ban passenge anspo du ing he pe iod 2001–2021,
which illus a es he ad ances made du ing his pe iod and s imula e new esea ch in his ield. SciMAT so wa e
was used o his pu pose. The esul s show he concep ual e olu ion o u ban passenge anspo esea ch,
iden i ying se en main hema ic a eas: (1) heal h and physical ac i i y, (2) a el, (3) anspo policy, (4) ai
pollu ion, (5) conges ion, (6) social exclusion, and (7) elec ic and au onomous ehicles.
1. In oduc ion
The e icien de elopmen o u ban passenge anspo (UPT) is a
c ucial aspec in u ban mobili y and sus ainabili y (Lindk is & Mel-
ande , 2022). One o he mos s udied aspec s o UPT is a dec ease in
conges ion in ci ies (Ewing e al., 2018; Ti achini e al., 2014). This is
u he associa ed wi h minimizing g eenhouse gas emissions (Adams
e al., 2020; C eu zig e al., 2015) and gua an eeing a el o a la ge
pa o he popula ion (Sai e al., 2018; Shi e al., 2020). O e all, he
ope a ion and a ailable o ms o anspo a ion a ec he economic and
social de elopmen o ci ies (Bas anchu y-L´
opez & De-Pablos-He ede o,
2022; O ega-Fe n´
andez e al., 2020; Phillips e al., 2021).
In ecen yea s, he esea ch and analysis o UPT sys ems has
ecei ed a g ea deg ee o a en ion due o he many changes in he
con ex in which i is embedded. These a ec , undamen ally, he
en i onmen al (Heiskala e al., 2016; Ok aszewska e al., 2018; Sha i i,
2021; Wołek e al., 2021; Zhao e al., 2020) and echnological aspec s
(Golbabaei e al., 2021; Paddeu e al., 2020; So e opoulos e al., 2019).
F om an en i onmen al pe spec i e, clima e change has accele a ed
he de elopmen o policies aimed a mi iga ing and adap ing o i s e -
ec s in ci ies. These policies aim o: inc ease he e iciency o public
anspo (Song e al., 2016), encou age he wi hd awal o (olde ) mo e
pollu ing ehicles (Epicoco & Falaga io, 2022; Mounce & Nelson, 2019),
spu he sea ch o mo e en i onmen ally iendly uels (Li e al., 2010;
Wang & Lin, 2019), and educe he use o p i a e ehicles, eplacing
hem wi h al e na i e o ms o anspo (e.g., bicycles, walking)
(Puche e al., 2011; Zhao & Li, 2017). The echnological pe spec i e
ela es o imp o ing he a ac i eness o exis ing modes and he
eme gence o new o ms o anspo (Sha i i, 2021; Webb, 2019).
UPT is a complex and mul i ace ed issue encompassing se e al dis-
ciplines, including u ban planning, anspo enginee ing, en i on-
men al and social sciences, and public policy. The a ious pe spec i es
om which i can be app oached make i an impo an ield o s udy. I s
in e disciplina y na u e, howe e , means ha adi ional li e a u e e-
iews canno co e he hema ic di e si y and la ge olume o scien i ic
p oduc ion on he subjec (Sha i i, 2021). A bibliome ic analysis
coun e s hese obs acles by o e ing ools ha help analyze la ge
quan i ies o publica ions (Cobo e al., 2011; Ji e al., 2023; Shen e al.,
* Co esponding au ho .
E-mail add ess: [email p o ec ed] (D. Ve ano-Taco on e).
Con en s lis s a ailable a ScienceDi ec
Eu opean esea ch on managemen and business economics
jou nal homepage: www.else ie .es/e mbe
h ps://doi.o g/10.1016/j.iedeen.2023.100239
Recei ed 20 July 2023; Recei ed in e ised o m 18 Decembe 2023; Accep ed 19 Decembe 2023
Eu opean Resea ch on Managemen and Business Economics 30 (2024) 100239
2
2023). I allows us o examine me ics ela ed o he pe o mance o
di e en elemen s, including au ho s, uni e si ies, jou nals, and coun-
ies. Fu he mo e, i can map he s uc u e o esea ch in a gi en ield
(Ji e al., 2023), he eby illus a ing he e olu ion o he opics in which
esea ch is conduc ed and allowing us o explo e he in e ela ionships
be ween di e en sub ields (Cobo e al., 2011).
Based on he la ge body o esea ch ca ied ou be ween 2001 and
2021, his a icle will syn hesize and analyze he mos signi ican con-
ibu ions made in he ield o u ban passenge anspo h ough he
analysis o hei empo al e olu ion. This is done ia a bibliome ic
analysis using he SciMAT ool. The b oad scope o his opic has led
di e en esea che s o conduc bibliog aphic and bibliome ic analyses,
gene ally ocused on speci ic a eas. These a eas include, o example,
sus ainable anspo a ion (Sha i i, 2021), accessibili y (Sai e al., 2018;
Shi e al., 2020), sa e y (Shen e al., 2023), o sma mobili y (Abdul-
jabba & Dia, 2022; Ji e al., 2023). This wo k p o ides a comp ehensi e
s udy o he mul iple hema ic a eas ela ing o he de elopmen o UPT
ac i i y (i.e., heal h, echnology, business managemen , en i onmen ,
u ban planning). This allows us o examine he in e ela ionships be-
ween he di e en concep s and app oach UPT om an in eg a i e
pe spec i e. Likewise, he olume o esea ch and he b oad ime ame
co e ed in his s udy p o ide a comple e pe spec i e o he s a e o UPT
esea ch and he di e en s ages ha ha e led o his poin .
The esul s show how key ends in anspo a ion esea ch, as well
as eme ging me hodologies and esul s, ha e g own a a apid pace in
ecen yea s. Se en majo hema ic a eas a e highligh ed: heal h/phys-
ical ac i i y, a el, anspo policy, ai pollu ion, conges ion, social-
exclusion, and elec ic ehicles.
To his end, his pape i s analyzes he heo e ical amewo k o
UPT. Then ollows an explana ion o he me hodology equi ed o
conduc he wo k, bo h in e ms o he da abase om which he scien-
i ic publica ions we e ex ac ed and he bibliome ic ool used o hei
analysis. Nex , he esul s a e p esen ed, and inally, he mos ele an
conclusions a e poin ed ou .
2. Theo e ical amewo k
T anspo a ion is ied o he economic and social de elopmen o
ci ies; i acili a es he g ow h o he economy and he mo emen o
people and goods, he eby imp o ing o e all quali y o li e (Cha -
ziioannou e al., 2023; Kim e al., 2020; Phillips e al., 2021; Poli is e al.,
2021; Sai e al., 2018).
Howe e , some anspo a ion- ela ed ac o s may comp omise he
quali y o li e in ci ies. Conside he use o p i a e ehicles, deemed he
g ea es con ibu o o pollu ing gases and la ges consume o ene gy
(Epicoco & Falaga io, 2022; Zhao e al., 2020) oge he wi h he es i-
ma ion ha by 2050, 68 % o he popula ion will be li ing in u ban a eas
(Allam & Sha i i, 2022; L´
opez e al., 2019). The high popula ion densi y
coupled wi h unequal g ow h be ween di e en modes o anspo
(wi h oad anspo and speci ically p i a e ehicles gi en p io i y) can
diminish he quali y o li e o many (Adams e al., 2020; Bas anchu -
y-L´
opez & De-Pablos-He ede o, 2022).
E icien u ban passenge anspo boas s many bene i s: i suppo s
u ban mobili y and sus ainabili y (Lindk is & Melande , 2022), acili-
a es accessibili y o jobs o leisu e, a o s social and e i o ial equi y,
educes conges ion, minimizes en i onmen al impac , and op imizes he
use o heal hy esou ces (Adams e al., 2020; G´
omez-O ega e al., 2023;
Kim e al., 2020; Lopes Toledo & L`
eb e La Ro e e, 2018; O iedo &
A a d, 2022).
Achie ing an e icien anspo a ion sys em is associa ed wi h he
imp o emen o public anspo a ion (Das e al., 2021; Song e al.,
2016) and educ ion in he use o p i a e ehicles, eplacing hese wi h
al e na i e o ms o anspo (e.g., bicycles, walking, elec ic ehicles).
The use o echnology ha bene i s he passenge is also beginning o
gain impo ance (Nehk e al., 2021; Puche e al., 2011). These ac ions
a e p oposed o adap o mo e sus ainable mobili y and he changes in
mobili y o new gene a ions (Delbosc & Cu ie, 2013) by p omo ing
mobili y as a se ice (Mobili y as a Se ice - MaaS) (Alya ina e al.,
2020; Lindk is & Melande , 2022).
Imp o ing u ban passenge anspo , howe e , in ol es he in e-
g a ion o se e al di e en disciplines, such as u ban planning, ans-
po a ion enginee ing, en i onmen al and social sciences, and public
policy implemen a ion (Allam & Sha i i, 2022; Ba ne e al., 2017;
Bo daga ay e al., 2014; Cha e jee e al., 2020; Epicoco & Falaga io,
2022; O iedo & A a d, 2022; Song e al., 2016).
Wi h hese guidelines, public policies aimed a achie ing mo e e i-
cien anspo a e ma ked in he agendas o go e nmen s wo ldwide.
This ollows he publica ion o documen s such as “Ci ies on he mo e. A
Wo ld Bank U ban T anspo S a egy Re iew” (Wo ld Bank, 2002). The
pu pose o his epo was o analyze he p oblems o u ban anspo ,
a icula e s a egies o imp o e i , and iden i y he ole o he Wo ld
Bank in con ibu ing. Ag eemen s such as hose eached a he “Wo ld
Summi on Sus ainable De elopmen ” (Uni ed Na ions, 2002) we e
signed by coun ies commi ed o include measu es o imp o e he
en i onmen , gi ing a p io i y ole o he de elopmen o policies o
imp o e public anspo . Addi ionally, he implemen a ion o he Kyo o
P o ocol in 2005 unde sco ed he need and u gency o limi he g een-
house e ec linked o anspo .
Du ing his pe iod, he Eu opean Union assumed an impo an ole
h ough he measu es se ou in he Whi e Pape “Eu opean T anspo
Policy o 2010: Time o Decide" (Eu opean Commission, 2001). These
measu es achie ed g ea p og ess in anspo , bu e en so, we e unable
o sol e p oblems o anspo sus ainabili y. The Commission he e o e
p oposed he need o de ine lines o ac ion o achie e sus ainabili y in
anspo . The Whi e Pape "Roadmap o a single Eu opean anspo
a ea: owa ds a compe i i e and sus ainable anspo policy" (Eu opean
Commission, 2011) was published o guide he anspo a ion policies o
he membe coun ies and impac he decisions adop ed by in e na ional
o ganiza ions.
In pa allel, “The Wo ld Bank Annual Repo 2010: Yea in Re iew”
(Wo ld Bank, 2010) was published o highligh he de elopmen o
sus ainable anspo a ion measu es o mi iga e he g eenhouse e ec
p oblems.
Wi h he impo ance o educing ha m ul gas emissions and
dec easing dependence on ossil uels gaining in e na ional ele ance,
he publica ion o he 2030 Agenda (Uni ed Na ions, 2015) and he
signa u e o he Pa is Ag eemen (Uni ed Na ions, 2015), ha e ma ked
he commi men o mos coun ies o add ess he en i onmen al, social,
and economic challenges caused by clima e change.
In 2020, he Co id-19 pandemic p o ided a po ai o he impac o
displacemen , as he nea pa alysis o economic ac i i y managed o
slow clima e change and b ough abou g ea e awa eness on he pa o
indi iduals (Allam & Sha i i, 2022; Ba bie i e al., 2021; Beck &
Henshe , 2020; Das e al., 2021).
Gi en he signi icance o hese miles ones, hey will be aken in o
accoun o he longi udinal analysis o esul s by pe iods.
3. Me hodology
The pa h o co e he objec i es o his wo k is ca ied ou in wo
s eps: i s , we iden i y he se o publica ions in he ield o s udy, and
second, we con igu e he bibliome ic map ha moni o s u ban pas-
senge anspo . The pu pose o scien i ic maps as a bibliome ic
echnique is o illus a e he s uc u e and e olu ion o he ield o sci-
en i ic esea ch (Alhjouj e al., 2022; B aam e al., 1991a, 1991b; Cobo
e al., 2011) These a e applied longi udinally in o de o unde s and he
e olu ion o he esea ch ield h oughou he s udy pe iod.
3.1. Da abase
The sea ch o publica ions is conduc ed in he Web o Science (WoS)
Co e Collec ion da abase, as i eeds he Jou nal Ci a ion Repo s (JCR)
D. Ve ano-Taco on e e al.
Eu opean Resea ch on Managemen and Business Economics 30 (2024) 100239
3
o es ablish he impac ac o ha gi es p es ige o scien i ic jou nals
(Paule-Vianez e al., 2020). In addi ion, his da abase includes jou nals
wi h a high impac ac o also ound in o he da abases (such as Scopus).
In line wi h his, he e a e mul iple bibliome ic analysis s udies in
di e en a eas o knowledge (Bas anchu y-L´
opez & De-Pablos-He -
ede o, 2022; Ellegaa d & Wallin, 2015; Me ig´
o & Yang, 2017; Paule--
Vianez e al., 2020; Sha i i, 2021; Zhao e al., 2020). F om his da abase,
he Social Sciences Ci a ion index is selec ed, as i holds JCR a icles
om he ield o Social Sciences. Wi h his selec ion, commonly used o
bibliome ic s udies in he ield o managemen (Bas anchu y-L´
opez &
De-Pablos-He ede o, 2022), he in en ion o he wo k is o moni o
opics o in e es om he ield o social science esea ch.
The sea ch, ca ied ou on Sep embe 9, 2022, co e s he pe iod o
analysis om 1/1/2001 o 12/31/2021, ocusing on he analysis o he
e olu ion o publica ions on u ban passenge anspo in he 21s
cen u y.
Fo his pe iod, an ad anced sea ch wi h he c i e ia "u ban ans-
po ," "public anspo ," o "passenge anspo " was ca ied ou ,
yielding a o al o 7456 bibliog aphic ou pu s. This yield was u he
e ined by choosing publica ions ca ego ized as a icles, e iew a icles,
ea ly access, and edi o ial ma e ials. Following his, he sample o s a
he bibliome ic analysis and moni o esea ch in he ield o s udy was
con igu ed by 6920 e e ences o he selec ed pe iod, which we e
expo ed o he SciMAT ool.
3.2. SciMAT analysis
The SciMAT ool is used o analyze he hema ic and concep ual
e olu ion o he ield o s udy. O he a ious op ions o conduc ing
bibliome ic s udies, his so wa e is chosen o i s lexibili y in selec ing
measu es o gene a e and isualize bibliome ic ne wo ks, as well as o
he a ious echniques ha allow debugging o he da abase as inpu o
he analysis p ocess (Paule-Vianez e al., 2020).
The possibili y ha he esea ch ou pu s comp ising he da abase
expo ed o SciMAT may be insigni ican , duplica ed, o con ain e o s is
mi iga ed by he ool’s capaci y o an adequa e il e ing p ocess. This
enables he moni o ing o a highe quali y da abase.
In ecen yea s, his so wa e has been applied in mul iple wo ks
analyzing di e en a eas, such as inance (Alc´
aza -Blanco e al., 2021;
Paule-Vianez e al., 2020), oad sa e y (Ji e al., 2023), au onomous
ehicles (Mo ooka e al., 2023), and sus ainable anspo (Sha i i,
2021).
The me hodological p ocess in SciMAT begins by choosing he uni o
analysis ha is he e e ence poin o s udying he esea ch ield o be
analyzed. O he di e en possible op ions, he "keywo ds" a e chosen,
since he ocus is on mo e concep ual aspec s o he esea ch a ea (Cobo
e al., 2012).
A clus e ing p ocess is pe o med o loca e g oups o keywo ds based
on a co-occu ence analysis, conside ing such a ela ionship will exis
be ween wo ds when hey appea oge he in documen s in he da abase
(Alhjouj e al., 2022).
Fo he clus e ing algo i hm used o ex ac he main hemes, he
simple cen e algo i hm is chosen. In addi ion, he h-index (Alonso e al.,
2009; Cobo e al., 2012), he o al numbe o publica ions, and o al
numbe o ci a ions a e selec ed as quali y measu es (Paule-Vianez e al.,
2020).
Fig. 1 shows he bibliome ic ou pu s o be analyzed: a) he s a egic
diag am, b) he hema ic ne wo k, c) he hema ic a ea e olu ion map,
Fig. 1. Ou pu s o bibliome ic analysis.
Sou ce: Cobo e al. (2011); Sha i i (2021)
D. Ve ano-Taco on e e al.
Eu opean Resea ch on Managemen and Business Economics 30 (2024) 100239
4
and d) he o e lay g aph.
The s a egic diag am ep esen s he esea ch opics on a Ca esian
map based on wo measu es ha cha ac e ize each opic: densi y and
cen ali y. Densi y measu es he in e nal s eng h o he ne wo k, i.e.,
he in e nal cohesion o a opic, while cen ali y exp esses a ne wo k’s
deg ee o in e ac ion wi h espec o o he ne wo ks (Callon e al., 1991;
Cobo e al., 2011; Sha i i, 2021). Bo h measu es a e used o classi y
hemes in o one o ou ca ego ies: d i ing hemes, basic and
c oss-cu ing hemes, highly de eloped hemes, and eme ging o dis-
appea ing hemes.
The d i ing hemes o he esea ch ield a e in he s onges quad an
o cen ali y and densi y, gi ing ise o hemes ha a e well de eloped
and impo an o he esea ch ield. The opposi e quad an , low cen-
ali y and densi y, includes unde de eloped and ma ginal opics, gi ing
ise o eme ging o disappea ing opics. Basic o c oss-cu ing opics,
wi h high cen ali y bu low densi y, a e opics which ela e o he es
bu a e poo ly de eloped in hemsel es. Finally, highly specialized
hemes a e hemes wi h low cen ali y bu high densi y, being highly
de eloped bu no as connec ed wi h he es (Alc´
aza -Blanco e al.,
2021; Callon e al., 1991; Cobo e al., 2011; Sha i i, 2021)
As poin ed ou by Sha i i (2021), he hema ic ne wo k complemen s
he s a egic diag am. In i , each opic is ep esen ed by a ne wo k wi h
i s nodes (keywo ds). The size o he sphe e o each node is p opo ional
o he numbe o documen s associa ed wi h ha keywo d, and he
hickness o he line be ween wo nodes is p opo ional o i s equi a-
lence index (Cobo e al., 2011).
To show he e olu ion o he hema ic a eas in he ield o esea ch
h oughou he s udy pe iod, he e olu iona y bibliome ic map is
analyzed. This shows he di e en hema ic a eas, ep esen ed wi h
di e en shading (Fig. 1). A hema ic a ea o hema ic line is de ined as a
g oup o opics ha ha e e ol ed o e se e al consecu i e pe iods o
ime (Cobo e al., 2012). In his map, he size o he nodes is di ec ly
p opo ional o he numbe o documen s o each opic, wi h he
hickness o he line o in e connec ion be ween opics di ec ly p o-
po ional o he impo ance o weigh o each hema ic nexus. Solid lines
indica e ha he linked opics o hemes sha e he same name, i.e., bo h
opics we e agged wi h he same keywo d, o he label o one o he
opics is pa o ano he opic. Dashed lines signi y ha he opics sha e
elemen s ha do no i he clus e label.
Finally, he o e lay g aph shows he le el o s abili y be ween wo
consecu i e pe iods (Gamboa-Rosales e al., 2020). The numbe inside
he ci cle ep esen s he o al numbe o keywo ds in he pe iod. The
ho izon al a ow shows he numbe o sha ed wo ds. The numbe in
pa en heses e e s o he simila i y index be ween he pe iods. The
ou going a ow a he op ep esen s he keywo ds belonging o he i s
pe iod ha a e no included in he second pe iod. In con as , he
incoming a ow e lec s he numbe o newly in oduced keywo ds
which only exis in he second pe iod (Cobo e al., 2011).
4. Resul s
The 6920 selec ed documen s we e impo ed om WoS and he
co esponding il e s we e applied in SciMAT o a oid duplica ions and
o he inco ec eco ds. The esul ing inal da abase was 6272 docu-
men s. To con ex ualize he esul s o he bibliome ic s udy on he ield
o esea ch on u ban passenge anspo , we begin by showing a
desc ip i e analysis o he publica ions, ocused on pe o mance in-
dica o s du ing he s udy pe iod.
This cen u y has seen many miles ones bea ing an impo an in lu-
ence on he e olu ion o UPT. Howe e , ou s udy conside s only h ee
o hese by which o delinea e he analysis o ensu e a su icien numbe
o publica ions in each pe iod. The yea 2010 is iden i ied as he i s
miles one. Beginning in 2010, a p og essi e inc ease in he numbe o
publica ions on he subjec o UPT can be clea ly obse ed, coinciding
wi h he publica ions o he Whi e Pape "Roadmap o a single Eu opean
anspo a ea: owa ds a compe i i e and sus ainable anspo policy”
(Eu opean Commission, 2011) and “The Wo ld Bank Annual Repo
2010: Yea in Re iew” (Wo ld Bank, 2010).
The second miles one is he yea 2015, as i coincides wi h he
publica ion o he 2030 Agenda and he Pa is Ag eemen (Uni ed Na-
ions, 2015). These ag eemen s ep esen a commi men by mos o he
wo ld’s coun ies o add ess he en i onmen al, social, and economic
challenges caused by clima e change. Finally, he hi d miles one
selec ed is he yea 2019, as he end o ha yea saw he ou b eak o he
Co id-19 pandemic, b inging wi h i a majo impac on he de elopmen
o u ban mobili y.
Consequen ly, he ollowing sub-pe iods we e selec ed o analyze he
e olu ion o he ield o e ime: 2001–2010, 2011–2015, 2016–2019,
and 2020 −2021.
Fig. 2 shows he e olu ion o he numbe o documen s pe yea . This
illus a es an inc ease in scien i ic in e es du ing he pe iod analyzed,
om 40 documen s published in 2001 o 1213 in 2021. In addi ion,
mo e han hal o he publica ions a e concen a ed in he las i e yea s,
and he mos ele an a ia ion is seen in he las yea o he s udy
(2020–2021). As will be seen la e , his can be a ibu ed ac o s such as
he inc ease in publica ions on Co id-19, he g owing a en ion gene -
a ed by anspo in he igh agains en i onmen al deg ada ion, and
he apid echnological e olu ion o means o anspo and hei
managemen .
Table 1 lis s he numbe o pape s and o al ci a ions o he mos
p oduc i e au ho s in his ield. Da id A. Henshe and Co inne Mulley,
bo h om he Uni e si y o Sydney and each wi h mo e han 50 publi-
ca ions in WoS, demons a e he highes pe o mance by publica ion
olume. Despi e ha ing ewe pape s (32 publica ions), Billie Giles-
Co i, as co-au ho , has he pape wi h he highes numbe o ci a-
ions, which da es om 2016.
Table 2 shows he 10 documen s in his se o publica ions wi h he
highes numbe o ci a ions, including he e e ence o au ho s, he
jou nal, and yea o publica ion.
The esul s in Table 2 show he di e si y o jou nals ha include
a icles ela ed o he esea ch ield. T anspo Policy, P e en i e Medicine,
and T anspo a ion Resea ch Pa b-Me hodological a e he only ones wi h
mo e han one publica ion in he op 10 mos ci ed. The mos ci ed
a icle in his esea ch ield is "Making cycling i esis ible: Lessons om he
Ne he lands, Denma k and Ge many" by John Puche and Ralph Buehle ,
published in 2008 in T anspo Re iews wi h 880 ci a ions (Puche and
Buehle , 2008).
The analysis o p oduc i i y by jou nal is shown in Table 3.
The esul s in Table 3 indica e ha , o a o al o 827 jou nals, he 10
jou nals wi h he highes numbe o pape s accoun o 40 % o he o al
numbe o pape s analyzed. The jou nal Sus ainabili y s ands ou
because, al hough no he oldes jou nal, i con ains he la ges numbe
o documen s in he esea ch a ea, wi h 569 documen s (9.07 % o he
o al numbe o pape s analyzed).
Table 4 shows he mos common keywo ds and he numbe o doc-
umen s ha include hem:
The analysis highligh s he wo ds " a el," "accessibili y," "ai pollu-
ion," "beha io ," "heal h," and " a el beha io ," all o which a e e e -
enced in mo e han 500 documen s.
4.1. C ea ion and analysis o he scien i ic map
To analyze he e olu ion o esea ch in UPT, he sample has been
di ided in o ou pe iods coinciding wi h ce ain miles ones ha
modi ied he way we unde s and anspo a ion. Fig. 3 shows he
numbe o publica ions pe pe iod.
The analysis by pe iod is as ollows:
4.2. Fi s pe iod (2001–2010)
As illus a ed in Fig. 4, he mos analyzed anspo opics in his
pe iod e e o a el, heal h, and anspo policy. The esea ch is
D. Ve ano-Taco on e e al.
Eu opean Resea ch on Managemen and Business Economics 30 (2024) 100239
5
ocused on analyzing he beha io o use s o di e en ypes o anspo
and on sus ainable de elopmen measu es ela ed o bo h u ban s uc-
u e and anspo policy.
As seen in Fig. 4, a el and heal h appea as d i ing hemes in he
scien i ic ield. Wo k ela ing o a el ocuses on analyzing passenge
beha io wi h espec o di e en ypes o anspo (public ans-
po a ion, p i a e ca , e c.). I also emphasizes mo e sus ainable a el
pa e ns such as cycling o walking, wi h he aim o es ablishing mea-
su es o alle ia e ca use and he accompanying conges ion and pollu-
ion. When we alk abou heal h, anspo ela es o modes o mobili y
ha a e conside ed good o heal h, e.g., walking o cycling, analyzing
which measu es o space, acili ies, e c. and beha io al pa e ns can
in luence hei op imal use.
T anspo policy appea s as an eme ging issue. The e iews show
ha he sus ainable de elopmen o mobili y in ci ies, educed use o
p i a e ehicles, and p omo ion o public anspo use di ec ly ela e o
u ban s uc u e and anspo planning policies. The e o e, p ope
managemen o hese policies will ha e a di ec e ec on u ban anspo
emissions, conges ion, accessibili y, e c.
Table 5 illus a es he pe o mance measu es o his pe iod. T a el
has he la ges numbe o documen s and he highes h-index, bu heal h,
wi h he ewes documen s, has he highes numbe o ci a ions, indi-
ca ing he impo ance o his opic in he analysis o anspo . Al hough
he numbe o ci a ions o anspo policy is conside ed low (468),
mos o hese co espond o he las yea s o analysis.
4.3. Second pe iod (2011–2015)
Fig. 5 shows he se en clus e s iden i ied in he second pe iod:
physical ac i i y, ai pollu ion, quali y, land use, demand, conges ion,
and social exclusion. O hese, physical ac i i y, quali y, and land use a e
conside ed d i ing hemes. In pa icula , he physical ac i i y clus e is
closely ela ed o one o he d i ing hemes o he p e ious pe iod,
heal h. This demons a es con inui y when dealing wi h issues ela ed o
how choice o means o anspo and physical ac i i y pe o mance
in luence he heal h o indi iduals. Quali y and land use eme ge as new
d i ing hemes. G owing in e es in measu ing he quali y o public
anspo is shown, wi h a p ima y ocus on he s udy o use sa is ac-
ion. Land use e e s o issues such as he impo ance o loca ion o
public anspo s a ions o how choice o anspo mode a ec s he
exis ing u ban design.
In his pe iod, he only basic o c oss-cu ing heme is demand. This
add esses aspec s such as he quali a i e a ibu es o public anspo
ha a ac di e en use s, es ima ion o demand o public anspo , o
modeling o ci izens’ beha io and iden i ica ion o p e e ences when
choosing mode o anspo .
Fig. 2. E olu ion o publica ions on UPT.
Sou ce: Own elabo a ion
Table 1
Au ho s’ p oduc ion in esea ch on UPT.
Au ho Documen s Ci a ions Ci a ions pe documen Mos ci ed publica ion Ci a ions o mos ci ed publica ion
Henshe , Da id A. 61 2310 38 (Li e al., 2010) 214
Mulley, Co inne 57 1403 25 (Daniels & Mulley, 2013) 162
Ca s, Oded 49 1159 24 (Abenoza e al., 2017) 120
Cu ie, G aham 44 1639 37 (Cu ie, 2010) 224
Giles-Co i, Billie 32 1885 59 (Giles-Co i e al., 2016) 462
Axhausen, Kay W. 26 808 31 (Meye e al., 2017) 145
F iman, Ma ga e a 24 1244 52 (Redman e al., 2013) 351
Cede , A ishai 24 613 26 (Liu & Cede , 2015) 95
Ti achini, Alejand o 23 906 39 (Ti achini e al., 2013). 182
Nelson, John D. 23 609 26 (Velaga e al., 2012) 138
Sou ce: Own elabo a ion.
D. Ve ano-Taco on e e al.
Eu opean Resea ch on Managemen and Business Economics 30 (2024) 100239
6
Table 2
Mos ci ed a icles on UPT esea ch.
Ti le Au ho s Yea Jou nal Quo a ions
Making cycling
i esis ible:
Lessons om
he
Ne he lands,
Denma k and
Ge many.
Puche , J.;
Buehle , R.
2008 T anspo
Re iews
880
Exis ence o
u ban-scale
mac oscopic
undamen al
diag ams:
Some
expe imen al
indings.
Ge oliminis, N.;
Daganzo, CF.
2008 T anspo a ion
Resea ch Pa B-
Me hodological
767
In as uc u e,
p og ams, and
policies o
inc ease
bicycling: An
in e na ional
e iew
Handy, S.;
Puche , J.; Dill, J.
2010 P e en i e
Medicine
750
Towa ds a heo y
o decoupling:
deg ees o
decoupling in
he EU and he
case o oad
a ic in
Finland
be ween 1970
and 2001
Tapio, P. 2005 T anspo Policy 704
Unde s anding
a i udes
owa ds public
anspo and
p i a e ca : A
quali a i e
s udy.
Bei ˜
ao, G.; Cab al,
J.A.S.
2007 T anspo Policy 581
The Role o
Cus ome
Engagemen
Beha io in
Value Co-
C ea ion: A
Se ice Sys em
Pe spec i e
Jaakkola, E.;
Alexande , M.
2014 Jou nal o
Se ice
Resea ch
575
Physical ac i i y
in ela ion o
u ban
en i onmen s
in 14 ci ies
wo ldwide: a
c oss-sec ional
s udy
F ank, L.D.; Van
Dyck, D.; Ce in,
E.; Owen, N.;
Sa mien o, O.L.;
Da ey, R.;
Conway, T.L.;
Adams, M.A.;
Cain, K.L.; Mi as,
J.; Reis, R.; Sal o,
D.; Scho ield, G.;
Sallis, J.F.; De
Bou deaudhuij, I.;
Schippe ijn, J.;
P a , M.; Smi h,
G.; Ke , J.; Lai, P.
C.; T oelsen, J.
2016 Lance 573
The dimensions
o global u ban
expansion:
Es ima es and
p ojec ions o
all coun ies,
2000–2050
Angel, S.; Pa en ,
J.; Ci co, D.L.;
Blei, A.; Po e e, D.
2011 P og ess in
Planning
561
U ban g idlock:
Mac oscopic
modeling and
Daganzo, C.F. 2007 T anspo a ion
Resea ch Pa B-
Me hodological
543
Table 2 (con inued)
Ti le Au ho s Yea Jou nal Quo a ions
mi iga ion
app oaches.
Pe cep ions
abou he local
neighbo hood
and walking
and cycling
among
child en.
Timpe io, A.;
C aw o d, D.;
Tel o d, A.;
Salmon, J.
2004 P e en i e
Medicine
528
Sou ce: Own elabo a ion.
Table 3
Jou nals wi h publica ions on UPT by numbe o pape s.
Jou nal Doc. % Yea
ol. 1
Impac
2021
Sus ainabili y 569 9.07 2009 3889
T anspo a ion Resea ch Pa A-Policy
and P ac ice
395 6.30 1976 6615
T anspo Policy 387 6.17 1993 6173
Jou nal o T anspo Geog aphy 346 5.52 1993 5899
T anspo a ion 171 2.73 1972 4814
T anspo a ion Resea ch Pa d-
T anspo and En i onmen
162 2.58 1996 7041
T anspo Re iews 129 2.06 1981 10,185
T anspo a ion Resea ch Reco d 126 2.01 1996 2019
Resea ch in T anspo a ion Economics 114 1.82 1994 2904
In e na ional Jou nal o Sus ainable
T anspo a ion
113 1.80 2007 3963
Sou ce: Own elabo a ion.
Table 4
Numbe o documen s by keywo d.
Keywo d Numbe o Documen s
T a el 727
Accessibili y 620
Ai pollu ion 571
Beha io 550
Heal h 548
T a el beha io 512
Physical ac i i y 470
Ca use 449
Quali y 416
Demand 384
Ne wo ks 649
Ene gy e iciency 331
Land use 315
Sa is ac ion 299
Sou ce: Own elabo a ion.
Fig. 3. Numbe o publica ions by pe iod.
Sou ce: Own elabo a ion
D. Ve ano-Taco on e e al.
Eu opean Resea ch on Managemen and Business Economics 30 (2024) 100239
7
The ai pollu ion clus e analyzes he in luence o anspo a ion on
clima e change and s udies he clima e policies being adop ed in
di e en coun ies. This heme e y well de eloped in his pe iod bu in
an isola ed manne .
Finally, in he quad an o eme ging o disappea ing clus e s, we ind
social exclusion and conges ion. Social exclusion is a heme ha p i-
ma ily deals wi h s udies on he in luence o po e y on access o he
anspo sys em. I s main objec i e is o add ess public policies ha
allow o equi able and socially sus ainable u ban anspo sys ems. I
also add esses s udies on he gende pe spec i e in he use o anspo .
Conges ion ocuses on he analysis o how o manage a ic conges ion
h ough op imal u ban public anspo design, in es men in in a-
s uc u e, o de eloping an app op ia e p icing sys em.
As illus a ed in Table 6, he opic wi h he highes pe o mance in
his pe iod is physical ac i i y wi h 107 documen s published, an h-
index o 47, and 6200 ci a ions. I is ollowed closely by land use, which
su passes physical ac i i y in numbe o documen s. A he o he
ex eme, we ind social exclusion, which has he lowes numbe o
documen s and ci a ions and a lowe h-index.
4.4. Thi d pe iod (2016–2019)
He e, he con ibu ion is closely ela ed o he use o echnology o
he de elopmen o sus ainable mobili y, he use o elec ic ehicles, he
implemen a ion o in o ma ion sys ems, and measu es linked o he
educ ion o anspo - ela ed emissions. In his pe iod, esea ch on
anspo a ion ocuses on 12 esea ch hemes: physical ac i i y, ai
pollu ion, sa is ac ion, op imiza ion, accessibili y, a el beha io , de-
mand, pe o mance, acciden s, elec ic ehicles, in o ma ion sys ems,
and densi y (see Fig. 6).
One d i ing heme is physical ac i i y, wi h a simila analysis o ha
o he p e ious pe iods. O he d i ing hemes include ai pollu ion,
which changes om being a specialized heme in he second pe iod o a
d i ing heme in he hi d, sa is ac ion, a el beha io , and
accessibili y.
Ai pollu ion g ows in impo ance in his pe iod as a esul o he
2030 Agenda (Uni ed Na ions, 2015) and he signa u e o he Pa is
Ag eemen (Uni ed Na ions, 2015), wi h coun ies joining e o s o
comba clima e change and adap o i s e ec s. Wo k linked o he
de elopmen o measu es and plans o educe g eenhouse gas emissions
hus inc eases, especially in associa ion o he use o p i a e ehicles.
Rega ding sa is ac ion, s udies ela e o he iden i ica ion and cha ac-
e iza ion o cu en and po en ial use s o public anspo o de e mine
he mos impo an ac o s ha in luence sa is ac ion and loyal y in
public anspo use. The analysis o anspo as ega ds accessibili y is
ocused on e alua ing accessibili y bo h in e ms o equi y and he
implemen a ion o imp o emen s in mobili y, such as he use o
au onomous ehicles.
Las ly, a el beha io appea s as a d i ing heme, wi h a simila
heme o ha analyzed by a el in he i s pe iod, ocusing on pas-
senge beha io by mode o anspo .
Pe o mance and demand a e basic and c oss-cu ing hemes. In he
case o pe o mance, anspo s udies ocus on he use o models o
e alua e he pe o mance o he anspo sys em om he iewpoin o
bo h sus ainabili y and inno a ion. Demand main ains he line o he
p e ious pe iod, whe e i was al eady loca ed in his quad an , bu i
nea s ha o eme ging o disappea ing issues in he hi d pe iod.
The main eme ging hemes ha appea in he clus e e iew ela e o
elec ic ehicles, in o ma ion sys ems, and densi y. The heme o elec ic
ehicles ocuses on analyzing he di e en possibili ies ha elec ic
ehicles assume in he u u e o sus ainable mobili y in ci ies. In in o -
ma ion sys ems, s udies ocus on mobili y imp o emen s in ci ies
h ough ehicle au oma ion, schedule op imiza ion measu es, connec-
i i y se ices, and he applica ion o a i icial in elligence sys ems in
anspo a ion. Densi y could be conside ed a disappea ing heme, as he
wo ks analyzed a e in he ea ly yea s o he pe iod, wi h s udies e e -
ing o he ela ionship be ween he buil en i onmen and chosen mode
o anspo .
Acciden s appea s as a ma ginal heme in his pe iod, wi h ocus on
explaining he causes o a ic acciden s in ci ies om he poin o iew
o bo h d i e and pedes ian.
Op imiza ion alls be ween ma ginal and eme ging o disappea ing
Fig. 4. Main hemes 2001–2010.
Sou ce: Own elabo a ion
Table 5
Measu es o pe o mance o he subjec s in he pe iod 2001–2010.
Name Documen Coun H-Index Sum Ci a ions
T a el 57 32 5101
Heal h 21 17 5027
T anspo a ion policy 22 14 468
Sou ce: Own elabo a ion.
D. Ve ano-Taco on e e al.
Eu opean Resea ch on Managemen and Business Economics 30 (2024) 100239
8
opics. I is ocused on p oposing scheduling models, alloca ion, e c. o
op imize anspo a ion use.
Table 7 shows ha physical ac i i y con inues o ha e he highes
numbe o documen s and highes numbe o ci a ions. Ai pollu ion has
he highes h-index in his pe iod. The numbe o documen s on a el
beha io inc eases om he i s pe iod bu no he numbe o ci a ions
(4249).
4.5. Fou h pe iod (2020–2021)
The s a egic diag am in Fig. 7 demons a es how anspo a ion
esea ch in ecen yea s has ocused on en opics: sa is ac ion, physical
ac i i y, accessibili y, ai pollu ion, ne wo ks, sus ainabili y, e iciency,
Co id-19, au onomous ehicles, and se ice. Resea ch in his pe iod
shows hema ic a eas p esen in p e ious pe iods, bu a new end is
obse ed wi h he appea ance o opics such as e iciency, sus ainabili y,
and Co id-19, which impac ed anspo a ion g ea ly in hese yea s.
The d i ing hemes iden i ied in he 2020–2021 pe iod a e sa is-
ac ion, physical ac i i y, accessibili y, and ai pollu ion. All we e
iden i ied as d i ing hemes in he p e ious pe iod and main ain ele-
ance o e ime.
Se ice is clea ly posi ioned as a basic heme in his pe iod, wi hin
which dispa a e issues ela ing o anspo a ion se ice and use
Fig. 5. Main hemes 2011–2015 pe iod.
Sou ce: Own elabo a ion
Table 6
Pe o mance measu es o subjec s in he pe iod 2011–2015.
Name Documen Coun H-Index Sum Ci a ions
Physical ac i i y 107 47 6200
Ai pollu ion 77 36 3450
Quali y 73 28 2765
Land use 121 42 5405
Demand 60 26 2161
Conges ion 21 15 732
Social exclusion 17 13 843
Sou ce: Own elabo a ion.
D. Ve ano-Taco on e e al.
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15
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