K ysh al, Halyna e al.
A icle — Published Ve sion
Eco-inno a i e ans o ma ion o he u ban in as uc u e
o Uk aine on he way o pos -wa eco e y
Financial and C edi Ac i i y: P oblems o Theo y and P ac ice
P o ided in Coope a ion wi h:
Leibniz Ins i u e o Ag icul u al De elopmen in T ansi ion Economies (IAMO), Halle (Saale)
Sugges ed Ci a ion: K ysh al, Halyna e al. (2024) : Eco-inno a i e ans o ma ion o he u ban
in as uc u e o Uk aine on he way o pos -wa eco e y, Financial and C edi Ac i i y: P oblems o
Theo y and P ac ice, ISSN 2310-8770, Fin echalliance, Kyi , Vol. 2, Iss. 55, pp. 391-408,
h ps://doi.o g/10.55643/ cap p.2.55.2024.4281 ,
h ps:// kd.ne .ua/index.php/ kd/a icle/ iew/4281
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FINANCIAL AND CREDIT ACTIVITY: PROBLEMS OF THEORY AND PRACTICE
Volume 2 (55), 2024
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391
ECO-INNOVATIVE TRANSFORMATION OF THE
URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE OF UKRAINE ON THE
WAY TO POST-WAR RECOVERY
ABSTRACT
The s udy is aimed a summa izing he p ocesses o eco-inno a i e (g een) ans o -
ma ion o u ban in as uc u e and esea ching possible p ospec s o he de elopmen
o Uk aine in his con ex . In he cou se o he esea ch, he possibili ies o "g een"
ans o ma ion o u ban in as uc u e we e conside ed and i was no ed ha he use
o he p inciples o eco-inno a i e ans o ma ion in he pos -wa pe iod can only ake
place unde he condi ion o p ope planning, s a e suppo and he c ea ion o a ou -
able ma ke condi ions. The au ho s no ed ha he success o such a ans o ma ion
equi es he es ablishmen o g een goals in all aspec s o he de elopmen o Uk ainian
ci ies. Au o- ame conside ed he inancial possibili ies o he de elopmen o u ban in-
as uc u e and p oposed he loca ion o suppo o ices o he eco-inno a i e ans-
o ma ion o u ban in as uc u e a he egional le el. The p inciples o achie ing eco-
inno a i e ans o ma ion o u ban in as uc u e a e e ealed, namely maximum en-
e gy e iciency, ene gy ansi ion, "ze o was e", en i onmen al sus ainabili y o build-
ings, adap a ion o clima e change, popula iza ion o a g een li es yle, esou ce conse -
a ion, ci izen in ol emen and ci cula economy. I is p oposed o c ea e a pla o m
ha would uni e a chi ec s, builde s, u ban planne s, ci izens, a is s and o he in e -
es ed pe sons. This pla o m should con ibu e o he sea ch o answe s o he ques ion
o how o ensu e a quick, ecological, a ac i e and sa e "g een" ans o ma ion o u ban
in as uc u e. Uk aine should coope a e wi h he Eu opean Union wi hin a ious g een
pla o ms and ne wo ks ha help ci ies in g een ans o ma ion. All he abo e-men-
ioned ools and solu ions should con ibu e o he c ea ion o g een, sus ainable and
people-o ien ed ci ies in Uk aine. The au ho s ha e conside ed he possibili ies o i-
nancing he es o a ion o Uk ainian ci ies a e he des uc ion in e ms o he necessa y
inancial esou ces, dono coun ies, and econs uc ion expendi u es.
Keywo ds: eco-inno a i e economy, eco-inno a i e ans o ma ion, g een
ans o ma ion, analysis, inancial oppo uni ies, inancing, in as uc u e
JEL Classi ica ion: O31, О32
INTRODUCTION
A e he wa , Uk aine will ace he ask o es o ing all sec o s and objec s o u ban
in as uc u e. This p ocess will equi e di e en app oaches o a ious objec s. Two
main g oups o in as uc u e can be dis inguished: hose ha ha e su e ed signi ican
o comple e des uc ion and hose ha ha e emained la gely undamaged (Ky ylenko
e al., 2023). The in as uc u e ha has been des oyed will equi e econs uc ion
plans. In such cases, i is impo an o de e mine which s uc u es and pa s o he
in as uc u e need o be es o ed and how esou ces a e mobilized. Recons uc ion
planning should add ess he ci y's needs, in e es s, and opinions o local esiden s while
ensu ing he c ea ion o a esilien and unc ional en i onmen o li ing.
Rega ding ci ies ha ha e no su e ed signi ican des uc ion, hei de elopmen in new
condi ions will equi e ans o ma ion. This is e idenced by he e iew o exis ing de el-
opmen plans adap ed o new needs and challenges, including ecological, economic,
and social aspec s. Such ci ies ha e he oppo uni y o e hink hei iden i y and c ea e
a mo e iable and a ac i e en i onmen o esiden s (Pe ik, 2023). Rega dless o he
deg ee o damage, eco e y, o de elopmen , in as uc u e encompasses c oss-cu ing
DOI:
10.55643/ cap p.2.55.2024.4281
Halyna K ysh al
D.Sc. in Economics, P o esso , Head o
he Depa men o Finance, Banking
and Insu ance, In e egional Academy
o Pe sonnel Managemen , Kyi ,
Uk aine;
e
-mail: gk ys[email p o ec ed]
ORCID:
0000-0003-3420-6253
(Co esponding au ho )
Vik o iia Tomakh
PhD in Economics, Associa e P o esso
o he Depa men o
Managemen ,
Logis ics and Inno a ions, Simon
Kuzne s Kha ki Na ional Uni e si y o
Economics, Kha ki , Uk aine;
ORCID:
0000-0002-0445-6019
Te iana I ano a
PhD in Economics, Associa e P o esso
o he
Depa men o Economic
Theo y, Accoun ing and Taxa ion, Kyi
Na ional Uni e si y o Cons uc ion and
A chi ec u e, Kyi , Uk aine;
ORCID:
0000-0001-8883-7881
Volodymy Me ely sia
D.Sc. in Economics, Sen
io Resea ch
Fellow, P o esso
o he Depa men o Accoun ing and
Consul ing,
S a e Tax Uni e si y, I pin, Uk aine;
ORCID:
0000-0002-0795-0215
Ma yna Ye molaie a
PhD in Economics, Associa e P o esso
o he Depa men o Accoun ing and
Taxa ion, Pol a a S a e Ag a ian
Uni e si y, Pol a a, Uk aine;
ORCID:
0000-0003-0469-0435
Ye hen Panin
PhD S uden , Che kasy S a e
Technological Uni e si y, Che ka
sy,
Uk aine;
ORCID:
0000-0002-4789-5230
Recei ed:
11/12/2023
Accep ed:
10/04/2024
Published:
30/04/2024
©
Copy igh
202
4 by he au ho (s)
This is an Open Access a icle
dis ibu ed unde he
e ms o he
C ea i e Commons CC
-BY 4.0
ФІНАНСОВО-КРЕДИТНА ДІЯЛЬНІСТЬ: ПРОБЛЕМИ ТЕОРІЇ ТА ПРАКТИКИ
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issues ha conce n all ci ies. Human needs and opinions should be o pa amoun impo ance. A people-cen ic app oach
should be a key p inciple in he pos -wa eco e y o he ci y and in as uc u e as a whole. Ci ies should c ea e com o able
condi ions o a ull and quali y li e. Planning should compensa e o mig a ion p ocesses ha ha e a ec ed millions o
people and ensu e he esilience and s abili y o he local popula ion.
In he con ex o in as uc u e solu ions ela ed o eco e y and de elopmen , hese p inciples should also be conside ed.
The cons uc ion and econs uc ion o in as uc u e should con ibu e o imp o ing he quali y o li e o esiden s, p o id-
ing con enien access o se ices, g een spaces, anspo a ion, and o he essen ial elemen s o he u ban en i onmen
(Pe e ozo a e al., 2021). Mo eo e , i is impo an o use du able and en i onmen ally iendly ma e ials and conside
oppo uni ies o implemen ing inno a i e echnologies o c ea e esilien and ene gy-e icien ci ies. O e all, he ques ions
o eco e y and de elopmen o Uk aine's in as uc u e a e he wa equi e an in eg a ed app oach ha combines plan-
ning, inancing, public pa icipa ion, and he sma use o esou ces. Only by aking in o accoun he needs and opinions
o he people, p ese ing cul u al he i age, and c ea ing a esilien and a ac i e en i onmen can we success ully ebuild
and de elop Uk aine's in as uc u e a e he wa . I should be no ed ha in Uk aine, he p ocess o ans o ma ion and
he o ma ion o a mechanism o inancing eco-inno a i e (g een) in as uc u e ans o ma ion equi es u he de ailed
esea ch.
LITERATURE REVIEW
The undamen al p inciples o de eloping g een Sma Ci ies, as ou lined in he scien i ic wo ks o enowned esea che s,
de ine c ucial aspec s o c ea ing en i onmen ally sus ainable and in elligen u ban a eas. Schola s such as Albino and
Dangelico (2012), Bollie (1998), and Gi inge , Fe che , and K ama (2007) ho oughly in es iga e and o mula e p inci-
ples ha con ibu e o he g een g ow h o u ban e i o ies and egions. They emphasize en i onmen al, ene gy, echno-
logical, and social aspec s o u ban de elopmen . I 's impo an o no e ha hese p inciples aim no only o ensu e he
sus ainabili y o ecosys ems in u ban en i onmen s bu also o u ilize inno a i e echnologies o enhance he quali y o
esiden s' li es. G een Sma Ci ies a e designed wi h a ocus on ci izens' heal h and com o , aiming o op imize esou ce
usage and educe en i onmen al impac .
The de elopmen o hese p inciples ep esen s a signi ican s ep in he ad ancemen o u ban planning and cons uc ion.
They ake in o accoun mode n challenges ela ed o clima e change, u ban esilience o s ess ul si ua ions, and he
de elopmen o cu ing-edge echnologies. Expanding upon hese p inciples can help cons uc ci ies ha e ec i ely blend
echnological p og ess wi h he p ese a ion o na u al esou ces, os e ing mo e esilien and li able communi ies.
Zhuko ich (2014) del es deeply in o he c ea ion o g een Sma Ci ies as a i al componen o he "g een" de elopmen
concep o u ban a eas. He poin s ou ha g een Sma Ci ies no only le e age ad anced echnologies o enhance
esiden s' com o and e iciency bu also ac i ely inco po a e en i onmen ally iendly app oaches o u ban planning and
in as uc u e.
The c ea ion o g een Sma Ci ies wi hin he concep o "g een" u ban de elopmen in ol es he use o in eg a ed ap-
p oaches o conse e na u al esou ces and es ablish a heal hy li ing en i onmen . The au ho s emphasize he impo ance
o combining mode n echnologies wi h sus ainable de elopmen s a egies o achie e a balance be ween economic
g ow h, social equali y, and en i onmen al sus ainabili y. Fu he mo e, i is highligh ed ha he de elopmen o g een
Sma Ci ies unde "g een" de elopmen conside s inno a i e solu ions in ene gy e iciency, he use o enewable ene gy
sou ces, e icien was e managemen , and o he elemen s aimed a educing en i onmen al impac and imp o ing he
quali y o li e o esiden s (Bazaluk e al., 2020; D igun e al., 2022a, 2022b).
Resea che s, including Owensby-Con e and Yepes (2012), and Ko al e al. (2023) ac i ely explo e issues ela ed o "g een"
cons uc ion. Thei s udies likely ocus on echnological and in as uc u al inno a ions aimed a c ea ing en i onmen ally
iendly and e icien u ban spaces. These schola s may discuss inno a i e app oaches o ene gy e iciency, cons uc ion
ma e ials, and o he aspec s o "g een" cons uc ion in hei wo ks.
On he o he hand, Hens (2010) ocuses on o malizing condi ions o he implemen a ion o "g een" inno a ions in u ban
planning. This may in ol e conside ing aspec s such as he legisla i e en i onmen , inancial suppo , in e ac ion wi h
s akeholde s, and o he ac o s in luencing he success ul implemen a ion o g een ini ia i es in u ban planning.
Expanding on he au ho 's pe spec i e, i can be no ed ha hese s udies a e c ucial o he de elopmen o mode n ci ies
and he enhancemen o hei sus ainable g ow h. Fu he discussion o speci ic conclusions and ecommenda ions om
hese esea che s can deepen he unde s anding and signi icance o hei con ibu ions o he ield o g een u ban de el-
opmen .
FINANCIAL AND CREDIT ACTIVITY: PROBLEMS OF THEORY AND PRACTICE
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Resea che s con ibu e signi ican ly o he s udy o issues ela ed o g een Sma Ci ies by wo king on o malizing he
ans o ma ion o models o municipal de elopmen owa ds g een Sma Ci ies. Thei esea ch may include he analysis
o inno a i e s a egies and p ac ices aimed a ensu ing he ecological iendliness and sus ainabili y o he u ban en i on-
men (Zhuko ych, 2014; Gaman e al., 2022; Kuliko e al., 2022; She chuk & Omelchuk, 2023).
I 's also wo h highligh ing he wo k o Sokolo ska (2014), who in es iga es mode n in o ma ion and communica ion
echnologies in g een municipali ies. He esea ch may in ol e analyzing he applica ion o digi al ools and he In e ne
o Things (IoT) o enhance he e iciency and en i onmen al iendliness o u ban managemen .
Expanding on he au ho 's pe spec i e, i can be said ha such esea ch is essen ial o unde s anding and implemen ing
inno a ions in municipal managemen aimed a c ea ing en i onmen ally iendly and echnologically ad anced ci ies.
Resea che s (Z ona , 2017; Bob o sky, 2014; Pobochenko and Sh ayuk, 2016; Ky ylenko e al., 2022; Semene s-O lo a
e al., 2022b; Chuku na e al., 2022) made a signi ican con ibu ion o s udying he c ea ion o Sma Ci ies based on he
concep o sus ainable de elopmen . They ac i ely analyze and assess a ious aspec s o he ans o ma ion o u ban
de elopmen , pa icula ly ocusing on he ecological and social aspec s o his p ocess.
The pieces o esea ch by Z ona (2017) and Semene s-O lo a e al. (2022a) a e highly signi ican o schola ly hough
as hey in ol e he analysis o inno a i e app oaches o sus ainable u ban de elopmen and hei impac on he quali y o
li e o esiden s. Bob o sky (2014) explo es he concep o a g een Sma -Ci y in his wo ks as a dis inc social dimension,
aking in o accoun bo h ecological and echnological inno a ions.
Pobochenko and Sh ayuk (2016) and Mi ono a e al. (2022) assess he ene gy and en i onmen al ad an ages o Sma -
Ci y by in es iga ing echnological solu ions aimed a imp o ing esou ce e iciency and educing en i onmen al impac .
Today, ci ies a e key ac o s in he economic de elopmen o coun ies and a e inc easingly becoming independen pa ic-
ipan s in he in e na ional a ena. A special posi ion in he coun y's economy is occupied by he capi al, which ac s as a
inancial and in es men cen e. Fo example, Kyi , as he capi al o Uk aine, is equipped wi h excep ional economic
po en ial. The loca ion o 6% o he coun y's popula ion in Kyi has a huge impac on he economic landscape. The ci y
gene a es abou 19% o GDP, is he cen e o e ail ade (18%) and pe o ms 23% o all cons uc ion wo k.
Mo e han 60% o inancial sec o asse s a e concen a ed in Kyi , ma king i s key ole in he coun y's inancial s abili y.
This s a us o he capi al no only emphasizes i s impo ance o he economy bu also de ines i as a s a egic pa icipan
in na ional and in e na ional economic de elopmen (Khaie ska e al., 2023).
The p oblems o u ban de elopmen and inancing we e s udied by Ge aimo ich (2013) and A e kina (2012), who in hei
wo ks d aw a en ion o he low le els o wages, social bene i s, and o he incomes, which a e he eason o he low
sol ency o Uk ainian ci izens. Only 5-8% o esiden s can p o ide housing o hemsel es. The scien is sees he de el-
opmen and implemen a ion o e ec i e housing inancing mechanisms ha would signi ican ly inc ease housing a o da-
bili y o he as majo i y o he popula ion as one o he p io i y asks o s a e policy.
Acco ding o Ge aimo ich (2013), wo ways o sol ing he abo e-men ioned p oblems can be ou lined: 1) o imp o e he
implemen a ion mechanism o his p og am by imp o ing i s in o ma ion anspa ency, inc easing he amoun o unding
o he p og am, expanding he ci cle o ci izens who can use he p og am, and educing he p ice he alue o eal es a e
objec s included in he p og am, e c., o 2) close he "A o dable Housing" p og am due o i s low e iciency and lack o
a ge ed unding in he decla ed olumes.
Expanding on he au ho 's pe spec i e, i is impo an o emphasize ha hese s udies cons i u e a signi ican con ibu ion
o he unde s anding and de elopmen o concep s ela ed o sus ainable u ban de elopmen and he c ea ion o Sma -
Ci y based on ecological and social esponsibili y.
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES
The pu pose o he wo k is o syn hesize he p ocesses o eco-inno a i e g een ans o ma ion o in as uc u e and explo e
possible de elopmen p ospec s o Uk aine.
The esea ch aims o achie e he ollowing objec i es:
explo e he possibili ies o g een in as uc u e ans o ma ion;
elabo a e on he p inciples o achie ing eco-inno a i e ans o ma ion o in as uc u e;
ФІНАНСОВО-КРЕДИТНА ДІЯЛЬНІСТЬ: ПРОБЛЕМИ ТЕОРІЇ ТА ПРАКТИКИ
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explo e he possibili ies o inancing he es o a ion o Uk ainian ci ies a e he des uc ion, conside ing he necessa y
inancial esou ces, dono coun ies, and econs uc ion expendi u es;
p opose ools and solu ions ha will con ibu e o he c ea ion o g een, sus ainable, and human-o ien ed ci ies in
Uk aine.
METHODS
Du ing he scien i ic esea ch o eco-inno a i e (g een) in as uc u e ans o ma ion, a ious me hods o cogni ion we e
applied using sys ema ic analysis and scien i ic p ocessing o he ob ained esul s. Some o he me hods include:
1. Logical gene aliza ion: his me hod enabled he sys ema ic o ganiza ion and gene aliza ion o he s uc u al
componen s o eco-inno a i e (g een) ans o ma ional in as uc u e, modi ying he ela ionships be ween hem,
and iden i ying key ac o s in luencing he success o such p ocesses.
2. Quan i a i e and quali a i e compa isons: hese me hods allowed o a compa a i e analysis o di e en app oaches,
s a egies, and p ac ices o eco-inno a i e (g een) in as uc u e ans o ma ion in a ious con ex s. They helped
iden i y he ad an ages, disad an ages, and isks associa ed wi h he implemen a ion o a ious measu es and
ini ia i es.
3. Scien i ic abs ac ion and sys ema iza ion: hese me hods sys ema ically desc ibed and classi ied a ious aspec s o
eco-inno a i e (g een) in as uc u e ans o ma ion, c ea ed concep ual models, iden i ied key success ac o s, and
de eloped p oposals o imp o ing egula o y and suppo di ec ions o such p ocesses.
All hese men ioned me hods acili a ed a scien i ic analysis and syn hesis o he esea ch esul s on eco-inno a i e (g een)
in as uc u e ans o ma ion, con ibu ing o he subsequen s ep o he me hodology in e ms o de eloping scien i ically
g ounded s a egies and ecommenda ions o de elopmen .
RESULTS
Eco-inno a i e (g een) in as uc u e ans o ma ion en ails a shi owa ds sus ainable and en i onmen ally iendly in a-
s uc u e ha educes en i onmen al impac and p omo es sus ainable de elopmen . This includes he de elopmen o
g een in as uc u e, such as ene gy-e icien buildings, he u iliza ion o enewable ene gy sou ces, he c ea ion o eco-
iendly anspo a ion sys ems, wa e esou ces and was e managemen , and he in eg a ion o na u al elemen s in o
u ban planning, among o he s.
In he con ex o Uk aine's de elopmen , he analysis and syn hesis o eco-inno a i e (g een) in as uc u e ans o ma ion
p ocesses may se e as a basis o de e mining pa hways o he coun y's de elopmen , conside ing s abili y and ecolog-
ical equi emen s. This may in ol e de eloping s a egies o he ad ancemen o g een echnologies, os e ing inno a i e
en e p ises, implemen ing ene gy-e icien echnologies in cons uc ion and anspo a ion sys ems, suppo ing en i on-
men al ini ia i es, and a ac ing in es men s in g een in as uc u e (Mulska e al., 2022; Lupenko e al., 2022; Rodchenko,
2022; Bu yachenko, 2012).
Analyzing and syn hesizing such p ocesses can con ibu e o he de elopmen o pe spec i es o Uk aine in he con ex
o eco-inno a i e (g een) in as uc u e ans o ma ion, os e ing sus ainable de elopmen , en i onmen al p ese a ion,
and imp o ing he quali y o ci izens' li es.
The inno a i e model o g een Sma Ci ies, based on he digi iza ion o municipal de elopmen , is becoming inc easingly
popula wo ldwide. The Eu opean Union s ands as a majo ini ia o o ans o ming con en ional ci ies in o g een Sma
Ci ies. In hese "g een" ci ies, digi al echnologies a e employed o enhance he well-being and quali y o li e o esiden s,
as well as o imp o e en i onmen al sa e y and ene gy e iciency. The key cha ac e is ics o Sma Ci ies a e ou lined in
Table 1.
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Table 1. Key cha ac e is ics o Sma Ci ies.
(Sou ce: Ma ciniak, 2013)
Cha ac e is ics o Sma Ci ies Sphe e o mani es a ion
Sma En i onmen
Ene gy E iciency
Resou ce Managemen
En i onmen al P o ec ion
Sma Go e nance
Open Da a
Go e nmen and Social Se ices
E-Go e nmen
Sma Mobili y
T a ic Managemen
Logis ics
Elec ic Vehicles
Sma Economy
En e p ise and Inno a ion
P oduc i i y
Labo Ma ke Flexibili y
Sma People
U ban Li e Managemen
Inclusi e Socie y
Educa ion
Sma Li ing
Heal h and Li e
Rec ea ion Technology
Accessibili y Secu i y
The o mula ed cha ac e is ics a e as ollows:
1. Sma En i onmen : Closely ela ed o he a ional use o esou ces, p ima ily ene gy. Conside ing he limi ed
esou ces and hei high cos s, he main emphasis is on implemen ing ene gy e iciency p inciples and educing
g eenhouse gas emissions. This cha ac e is ic in ol es he de elopmen o "sma ene gy" h ough he in oduc ion
o closed ene gy ne wo ks, pollu ion le el con ol and moni o ing sys ems, he cons uc ion o ene gy-e icien
buildings, and he use o inno a i e and cos -e ec i e biomass, sola , and wind ene gy. An impo an aspec is was e
managemen , including con ol o e was e accumula ion, anspo a ion, and e icien disposal. All o his is aimed a
c ea ing a sus ainable and en i onmen ally iendly en i onmen o ci y esiden s.
2. Sma Go e nance: Di ec ed owa ds in e ac i e go e nance a he local le el, c ea ing condi ions o he e ec i e
unc ioning o he ci y. The idea is o use ad anced echnologies o op imize managemen p ocesses and ensu e
in e ac ion be ween he go e nmen and ci izens.
3. Sma Mobili y: In ol es inc easing he use o anspo and logis ics sys ems based on in o ma ion and
communica ion echnologies. This may include op imizing he anspo ne wo k o con enien mo emen be ween
any poin s in he ci y.
4. Sma Economy: O ien ed owa ds he de elopmen o elec onic comme ce and business, inc easing labou
p oduc i i y, and a high le el o inno a ion in he echnological p oduc ion o goods and se ices.
5. Sma People: Aimed a de eloping IT skills, inc easing educa ion le els, and compu e li e acy, as well as enhancing
quali ica ions, s imula ing c ea i i y, and os e ing inno a ion.
6. Sma Li ing: En isages he implemen a ion o ICT in he o ganiza ion o li e, changes in people's beha iou , and
models o consump ion o goods and esou ces. The goal is o imp o e heal h and de elop a cul u al en i onmen .
In summa y, he Sma -Ci y model, consis ing o hese six main componen s, is p oposed o be ep esen ed in Figu e 1.
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Sma economy
Sma li ing Sma people
Sma en i onmen Sma go e nance
Sma mobili y
echnological
economic
ecological
social
Figu e 1. The Sma -Ci y model is p esen ed in he o m o six componen s.
(Sou ce: Ma ciniak, 2013)
The ask o he nea u u e is o c ea e condi ions o he high quali y o socie y's li e h ough he use o ad anced
echnologies aimed a he sa e, economical, and ecological unc ioning o all subsys ems o u ban li e. To achie e he
s a us o a sma ci y, sys emic e o ms a e needed in sec o s such as public se ices, anspo a ion, cons uc ion, u ili ies,
ene gy, heal hca e, ade, social suppo , secu i y, inance, and o he s. In p ac ice, he concep o a sma ci y includes
he applica ion o cu ing-edge echnologies in cons uc ion and in as uc u e p ojec s, he use o inno a i e ma e ials,
he ans o ma ion o ci y managemen me hodologies and p ocesses, as well as he applica ion o mode n in o ma ion
echnologies o enhance he e iciency o local au ho i ies (She chuk, 2022; Sume s e al., 2022).
An in eg al s ep in implemen ing he Sma -Ci y concep is iden i ying a eas ha equi e mode niza ion and jus i ying he
necessa y ools o achie e he planned goals. I is impo an o analyze he speci ic cha ac e is ics o he ci y and he
needs o i s esiden s.
Fu he mo e, i is c ucial o iden i y he ools ha will be implemen ed o achie e he s a egic goals o a sma ci y. These
may include in o ma ion and communica ion echnologies, moni o ing and managemen sys ems, and inno a i e solu ions
in ene gy, anspo a ion, heal hca e, and mo e. The jus i ica ion and e ec i eness o choosing hese ools will de e mine
he success o he concep 's implemen a ion.
Implemen ing e o ms in he ci y's de elopmen managemen sys em is a key s ep in ensu ing coo dina ion, e iciency,
and anspa ency in he implemen a ion o Sma -Ci y.
This includes no only echnical aspec s bu also socio-economic and legal aspec s o u ban de elopmen managemen .
An op imized managemen sys em will enable e icien esponses o changes, he implemen a ion o inno a i e ap-
p oaches, and he p o ision o quali y se ices o he ci y's esiden s (Sy nyk e al., 2022; Oliinyk e al., 2021).
The de elopmen o Sma -Ci y se ices will expedi e decision-making, sa e budge cos s, and imp o e he p o ision o
in o ma ion se ices o ci izens and businesses. Le 's conside elec onic se ices ha can con ibu e o he de elopmen
o Sma -Ci y (Table 1).
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Table 2. Elec onic Sma Se ices o Indi iduals and Legal En i ies.
(Sou ce: Z ona , 2017)
Sec o
Se ice Name
Se ice Desc ip ion
T anspo a ion
Waze
A web se ice o moni o ing he oad si ua ion in he ci y is an inno a i e ool ha helps use s iden i y he
op imal ou e and o e come a ic challenges mos e icien ly. This online applica ion in e ac s wi h eal- ime
da a on he condi ion o oads, enabling d i e s and passenge s o plan hei jou neys mo e quickly and e ec-
i ely.
The applica ion no only simpli ies na iga ion h ough he ci y bu also con ibu es o imp o ing o e all a ic
low, making i smoo he and mo e ailo ed o he needs o each use .
EasyWay
An online pla o m o eal- ime acking o public anspo a ion mo emen s and access o i s schedule has
become a necessi y o ci y esiden s. This inno a i e se ice allows use s o con enien ly and e icien ly plan
hei ips by p o iding up- o-da e in o ma ion on he loca ion o anspo a ion ehicles and he es ima ed
ime o hei a i al a a s op.
This se ice becomes a i al ool o ci y dwelle s, assis ing hem in using public anspo a ion con enien ly
and e icien ly in hei daily mobile li es.
Pa king Inspec o s
Se ice
Ensu ing o de in he pa king sec o in he ci y has become mo e e icien hanks o inno a i e online se -
ices. Now, esiden s and d i e s can easily oice hei complain s abou pa king iola ions h ough a dedi-
ca ed online in e ace. This p o ides ci izens wi h he oppo uni y o ac i ely pa icipa e in main aining o de
on he s ee s and pa king lo s o he ci y.
Such inno a ions in he pa king sec o con ibu e o he c ea ion o sa e and o ganized public spaces, as well
as imp o e he in e ac ion be ween municipal se ices and esiden s o ensu e con enience and compliance
wi h ules in he u ban en i onmen .
Housing and U ili ies
Sec o
U ban Con ac
Cen e
The online in e ace allows ci y esiden s no only o submi inqui ies bu also o ack hei s a us in eal ime.
This c ea es a anspa en and open mechanism o in e ac ion, whe e ci izens can see a which s age hei
inqui y is being p ocessed o add essed.
Such an app oach makes he in e ac ion be ween he u ban popula ion and municipal se ices mo e anspa -
en , e icien , and open, con ibu ing o p oblem esolu ion and imp o ing he quali y o municipal se ices in
he ci y.
Pe sonal Residen
Accoun
The Pe sonal Residen Accoun is an inno a i e elec onic se ice ha se es as a i al communica o be-
ween u ili y se ice p o ide s and municipal se ices on one side and ci y esiden s on he o he . This se ice
is designed o simpli y and op imize he in e ac ion be ween a ious s akeholde s o ensu e he mo e e ec i e
unc ioning o municipal in as uc u e.
Sa e Ci y
This ool enables quick and e icien access o in o ma ion o ci y managemen and secu i y se ices, acili a -
ing p omp in e en ion when necessa y. Such a se ice is a c ucial s ep owa ds ensu ing sa e y and moni o -
ing e en s in he ci y h ough he use o mode n echnologies and open communica ion.
Shel e s
C ea ing a websi e wi h an in e ac i e map ha ma ks all he shel e s in he ci y du ing eme gencies is a c u-
cial elemen o he ci y's secu i y and p epa edness sys em o a ious haza ds. This ool p o ides ci izens
wi h access o essen ial in o ma ion in c isis si ua ions.
This in e ac i e ool can be in eg a ed in o he ci y's po al o mobile applica ion sys em o ensu e maximum
accessibili y and con enience o ci y esiden s.
Heal h and Medicine
Helsi
Online doc o appoin men scheduling.
Cul u al and En e -
ainmen
Tou ism Po al
C ea ing a websi e wi h all he ou is in as uc u e is an impo an s ep in a ac ing ou is s and p o iding
hem wi h con eniences du ing hei isi o he ci y. Such a esou ce can con ain a wide ange o in o ma ion
o acili a e he a el and en e ainmen o ou is s.
Cul u a
E en Po al C ea ing a websi e wi h cu en ci y e en s is an impo an s ep in p omo ing he cul u al and so-
cial li e o esiden s and isi o s. Such a esou ce can p o ide a wide ange o in o ma ion abou a ious
e en s aking place in he ci y.
Key elemen s o such a websi e may include:
1. E en Calenda : A con enien calenda displaying all upcoming and u u e e en s in he ci y.
2. Conce s and Pe o mances: In o ma ion abou music conce s, hea ical pe o mances, ope a nigh s, and
o he pe o mances.
3. Exhibi ions and Fai s: Schedule o a exhibi ions, c a ai s, and o he hema ic e en s.
4. Spo s E en s: In o ma ion abou spo s compe i ions, ou namen s, and o he spo ing e en s.
5. Cul u al Fes i als: O e iews o es i als in a ious ields – om cinema and music o gas onomic es s.
6. Re iews and C i iques: Re iews o pas e en s and c i iques o help use s make in o med choices.
7. This websi e can become an in eg al pa o he ci y's cul u al li e, assis ing people in choosing and
planning hei leisu e and en e ainmen ac i i ies.
Spo s Po al
C ea ing a websi e wi h spo s e en s and achie emen s o ci y esiden s can signi ican ly en ich he ci y's in-
o ma ional en i onmen and suppo he de elopmen o spo s cul u e. The main componen s o such a
websi e may include:
1. Spo s E en Calenda : Schedule and in o ma ion abou all spo s e en s, such as compe i ions,
ou namen s, ma a hons, e c.
2. News and P ess Releases: Re iews and news abou he spo s achie emen s o eams and indi idual
a hle es in he ci y.
3. A hle e P o iles: In o ma ion abou ou s anding a hle es in he ci y, hei achie emen s, biog aphies, and
in e iews.
4. Rankings and S a is ics: Tables and g aphs displaying ankings o eams and a hle es.
5. Spo s Clubs and Associa ions: In o ma ion abou a ious spo s associa ions and clubs in he ci y.
6. Pho o and Video Ma e ials: Galle ies o images and ideos om spo s e en s.
7. In o ma ion abou Spo s In as uc u e: Add esses and o e iews o spo s g ounds, s adiums, and o he
acili ies.
Such a websi e can b ing oge he he spo s communi y o he ci y, inspi ing and suppo ing a hle es on hei
pa h o achie emen s.
(con inued on nex page)
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Table 2. Con inued
Sec o
Se ice Name
Se ice Desc ip ion
T anspa en Budge
The c ea ion o a websi e ha displays in o ma ion abou he e enues and expendi u es o he local budge
can make inancial p ocesses mo e anspa en and accessible o he ci y's esiden s. The key unc ionali ies
o such a websi e may include:
32. Re enue Dynamics: Cha s and diag ams illus a ing he dynamics o e enue o he local budge om
a ious sou ces, such as axes, ees, inancial assis ance, e c.
33. Expendi u e S uc u e: B eakdown o expendi u es in o di e en sec o s o he economy, such as
educa ion, heal hca e, municipal se ices, cul u e, social p og ams, e c.
34. P ojec s and Ini ia i es: In o ma ion abou speci ic p ojec s and ini ia i es unded by he local budge ,
along wi h epo s on hei ou comes.
35. Budge Repo s: Regula publica ion o budge epo s ha p o ide de ailed desc ip ions o e enues and
expendi u es o a speci ic pe iod.
36. Communi y Pa icipa ion: An oppo uni y o esiden s o lea e commen s, exp ess hei opinions on he
alloca ion o budge unds, and make sugges ions.
37. In e ac i i y: Use o isualiza ions, in e ac i e maps, and o he ools o p esen in o ma ion in an
unde s andable manne .
The c ea ion o such a websi e would p omo e openness and in e ac ion be ween go e nmen
au ho i ies and he communi y, acili a ing mo e e ec i e use o budge a y unds.
Adminis a i e and
Social Se ices
Go e nmen Di-
ec ional Se ices
Po al
The c ea ion o such a websi e wi h online o ms, egis ies, and se ices can signi ican ly acili a e he in e -
ac ion o ci izens wi h go e nmen agencies and social se ices. Key elemen s and unc ionali ies o such a
websi e may include:
Online Fo ms and Templa es:
cen alized access o all necessa y o ms and empla es o a ious ypes o decla a ions, applica ions, eg-
is ies, e c.;
in e ac i e online o ms wi h he abili y o ill ou and elec onically sign.
Se ice Ca alog:
ca ego ized ca alogue o se ices p o ided o ci izens, businesses, and o he en i ies.
Regis ies and Da abases:
con enien access o egis ies and da abases, such as business egis ies, eal es a e eco ds, social se -
ices, e c.
Social Se ices:
a dedica ed sec ion o inqui ies ega ding social se ices, adop ion, o gua dianship o child en;
in o ma ion abou equi emen s and p ocedu es o di e en ypes o social suppo .
Online Communica ion:
con enien communica ion ools wi h ep esen a i es o social se ices o consul a ions and assis ance;
in e ac i e cha s o icke ing sys ems o add ess ques ions and issues.
Inqui y Moni o ing:
acking his o y and s a us o inqui ies so ha ci izens can moni o hei p og ess;
c ea ing such an in e ac i e and in o ma ion- unc ional esou ce will con ibu e o inc eased accessibili y
and e iciency o go e nmen and social se ices o ci izens.
In ecen yea s, he popula ion o ci ies in Uk aine has been s eadily inc easing, leading o he need o he imp o emen
o elec onic se ices o ensu e he e ec i e unc ioning o ci ies and enhance he quali y o li e o ci izens. The analysis
o open da a becomes a key elemen in his p ocess, aiding he go e nmen , businesses, and non-go e nmen al o gani-
za ions in making in o med decisions.
The concep o a Sma Ci y se es as an inno a i e sys em ha u ilizes ad anced echnologies such as senso s, he
In e ne o Things (IoT), ne wo ks, and big da a analy ics o enhance he compe i i eness and e iciency o u ban se ices.
The co e p inciples o Sma Ci ies include sus ainable de elopmen ha conside s economic, social, and en i onmen al
aspec s, ca e ing o he needs o cu en and u u e gene a ions.
The de elopmen o Sma Ci ies in ol es he in eg a ion and coo dina ion o a ious se ices in ci ies, os e ing oppo u-
ni ies o ci izens' emo e pa icipa ion in go e nance p ocesses. This en ails c ea ing condi ions o ac i e ci izen in ol e-
men in u ban managemen , p omo ing inc eased in e ac ion and openness in ci y go e nance.
Resea ch indica es ha ci y managemen sys ems o en insu icien ly conside ac o s such as he mo emen , s o age,
dis ibu ion o goods, anspo a ion, and haza dous was e disposal. These ac o s ad e sely a ec he ci y's ecosys em
and a e no aligned wi h he p inciples o sus ainable de elopmen .
Ci y managemen sys ems o en lack a logis ic app oach, which ensu es op imal managemen o economic lows and
esou ces o achie e goals wi h minimal cos s. Logis ics is closely ela ed o he a chi ec u e, u ban planning, and ecology
o he ci y. Gi en he need o minimize pollu ion and op imize esou ce u iliza ion, he applica ion o eco-inno a i e (g een)
ans o ma ion p inciples o ci y managemen sys ems becomes inc easingly impo an .
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In addi ion, we belie e ha he p oposals o scien is s Z ona (2017), Bob o sky (2014), Pobochenko and Sh ayuk (2016),
Ky ylenko e al. (2022), who conside he issue o c ea ing a Sma Ci y solely on he basis o he concep , a e no
su icien ly deep. sus ainable de elopmen . They ac i ely analyze and e alua e a ious aspec s o he ans o ma ion o
u ban de elopmen , in pa icula , pay a en ion o he ecological and social aspec s o his p ocess, bu do no ake in o
accoun he speci ics o implemen a ion in mili a y condi ions.
The ajec o y o in as uc u e eco e y and de elopmen in Uk aine is cu en ly u bulen due o he ongoing mili a y
ac ions on he coun y's e i o y by an agg esso na ion. The e o e, he ole o analyzing he easibili y o implemen ing
eco-inno a i e (g een) in as uc u e ans o ma ion is one o he key aspec s o pos -wa eco e y o he s a e.
Eco-inno a i e in as uc u e ans o ma ion aims o implemen en i onmen ally iendly and sus ainable echnologies,
con ibu ing o educing ecological bu dens and imp o ing en i onmen al quali y. G een ene gy, e icien esou ce u iliza-
ion, g een cons uc ion, and o he aspec s o g een in as uc u e may become essen ial elemen s o he eco e y p ocess.
Howe e , implemen ing eco-inno a ions in wa ime condi ions equi es special a en ion and conside a ion. Resou ce
sho ages, des oyed acili ies, and an uns able egional si ua ion c ea e challenges and limi a ions o he implemen a ion
o ecological p ojec s. Discussion poin s may also include ensu ing ecological s anda ds du ing wa ime and how in e na-
ional pa ne ships can con ibu e o g een econs uc ion.
G een in as uc u e ans o ma ion can also help add ess socio-economic issues by c ea ing new employmen oppo uni-
ies, imp o ing he s anda d o li ing, and acili a ing in eg a ion in o he in e na ional economic sys em.
The e o e, despi e exis ing challenges and limi a ions, g een ans o ma ion emains a c ucial ool o he s able eco e y
and sus ainable de elopmen o Uk aine a e he wa ime con lic .
CONCLUSIONS
Uk ainian ci ies c i ically need o cul u ally de elop and be o ien ed owa ds he needs o he people. They mus e icien ly
and economically u ilize esou ces and inco po a e he use o seconda y ma e ials. The g een ans o ma ion o a ci y
should encompass all s ages o he li e cycle o cons uc ion and in as uc u e. Va ious ools can be employed o achie e
hese goals.
Fi s ly, i is essen ial o c ea e a pla o m ha b ings oge he a chi ec s, builde s, u ban planne s, ci izens, a is s, and
o he s akeholde s. This pla o m should acili a e inding answe s o ques ions on how o ensu e a as , ecological, a ac-
i e, and sa e "g een" ans o ma ion o in as uc u e.
Secondly, Uk aine should collabo a e wi h he Eu opean Union h ough a ious g een pla o ms and ne wo ks ha assis
ci ies in g een ans o ma ion. Ini ia i es aimed a ansi ioning o a ci cula economy in ci ies a e also impo an .
Mo eo e , ci ies and hei esiden s can pa icipa e in he Eu opean Clima e Pac , a long- e m EU ini ia i e ha c ea es a
space o exchanging ideas, deba es, and ac ions on clima e change. This can con ibu e o shaping a new clima e con-
sciousness in socie y.
To suppo ci ies in hei pa icipa ion in EU g een p og ams such as LIFE and Ho izon, he e needs o be a conduci e
en i onmen o ci ies o de elop and implemen p ojec s, as well as oppo uni ies o secu e unding.
C i ical and p io i y in es men s o he econs uc ion and eco e y o Uk aine cu en ly equi e USD 14 billion. To achie e
his, an addi ional USD 11 billion in inancing needs o be a ac ed, beyond wha is al eady alloca ed in Uk aine's budge
o 2024. App oxima ely 22% o planned expendi u es a e alloca ed o he es o a ion o anspo in as uc u e, 17%
o he housing and communal sec o , 11% o he ene gy complex, and 7% o he de elopmen o ag icul u e.
Wo ld Bank da a indica es ha he mos signi ican expenses will be necessa y in he ene gy sec o , whe e he size o
losses has inc eased mo e han i e old compa ed o he p e ious yea . Acco ding o calcula ions om Wo ld Bank expe s
and he domes ic Minis y o Economy, he minimum es ima ed amoun equi ed o pos -wa eco e y in Uk aine is a
leas USD 411 billion. Key p io i ies include he es o a ion o c i ical in as uc u e, housing s ock, as well as key social
and anspo a ion acili ies. I is also c ucial o ocus on he eco e y o he indus ial sec o , he de elopmen o he
ag icul u al sphe e, he IT indus y, and o he sec o s. One ambi ious goal is o achie e GDP igu es a he le el o USD
500 billion, compa ed o he p e iously es ima ed less han USD 160 billion by he end o 2022.
To a ac inancial esou ces o Uk aine's eco e y a e he wa , he go e nmen is di ec ing i s e o s owa ds using
he online pla o m Uni ed24 (U24). Funds collec ed on his pla o m a e dis ibu ed ac oss h ee key di ec ions: de ence
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and demining, humani a ian and medical assis ance, and coun y econs uc ion. This global ini ia i e has ga ne ed suppo
om esiden s ac oss i ually he en i e wo ld, d awing con ibu ions om app oxima ely 90 coun ies. The U24 pla o m
has success ully ga he ed o e USD 147 million in cha i able dona ions as o July 26. I 's wo h no ing ha almos USD
900,000 is designa ed o eco e y. Howe e , hese unds a e s ill being collec ed as hey a e cu en ly insu icien o
commence he es o a ion o a speci ic communi y, as epo ed on he U24 pla o m.
Howe e , engagemen in hese ini ia i es equi es new legisla i e amewo ks. Cu en e o s by he go e nmen and he
Ve kho na Rada o Uk aine o simpli y and egula e he cons uc ion p ocess need o be adap ed o new measu es in o-
duced. I is c ucial o unde s and ha inding solu ions equi es changes o legisla ion o implemen hese solu ions in
p ac ice. All he a o emen ioned ools and solu ions should con ibu e o he c ea ion o g een, esilien , and people-cen ic
ci ies in Uk aine.
Ou u he esea ch will be aimed a 1) analysis o he esul s o g een ans o ma ions, hei impac on en i onmen al
sus ainabili y and mee ing he needs o esiden s; 2) esea ch on he impac o he pa icipa ion o Uk ainian ci ies in he
Eu opean Clima e Pac on changes in clima e awa eness and he implemen a ion o en i onmen al measu es.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
AUTHOR CONTRIBUTIONS
All au ho s ha e con ibu ed equally.
FUNDING
The Au ho s ecei ed no unding o his esea ch.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
The Au ho s decla e ha he e is no con lic o in e es .
REFERENCES
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Кришталь Г., Томах В., Іванова Т., Метелиця В., Єрмолаєва М., Панін Є.
ЕКОІННОВАЦІЙНА ТРАНСФОРМАЦІЯ МІСЬКОЇ ІНФРАСТРУКТУРИ УКРАЇНИ НА ШЛЯХУ ДО
ПОВОЄННОГО ВІДНОВЛЕННЯ
Дослідження спрямоване на узагальнення процесів екоінноваційної (зеленої) трансформації міської інфраструктури
та вивчення можливих перспектив розвитку України в цьому контексті. У процесі дослідження розглянуто можли-
вості зеленої трансформації міської інфраструктури та зазначено, що використання принципів екоінноваційної тра-
нсформації в повоєнний період може відбуватися лише за умови належного планування, державної підтримки та
створення сприятливих ринкових умов. Автори відзначають, що успіх такої трансформації вимагає встановлення
зелених цілей у всіх аспектах розвитку міст України. Автори розглянули фінансові можливості розвитку міської ін-
фраструктури та запропонували розміщення офісів підтримки екоінноваційної трансформації міської інфраструктури
на обласному рівні. Розкрито принципи досягнення екоінноваційної трансформації міської інфраструктури, а саме:
максимальна енергоефективність, енергетичний перехід, «нуль відходів», екологічність будівель, адаптація до змін
клімату, популяризація зеленого способу життя, ресурсозбереження, залучення громадян та циркулярна економіка.
Запропоновано створити платформу, яка б об’єднала архітекторів, будівельників, містопланувальників, громадян,
митців та інших зацікавлених осіб. Ця платформа має сприяти пошукові відповідей на питання, як забезпечити
швидку, екологічну, привабливу та безпечну зелену трансформацію міської інфраструктури. Україна має співпра-
цювати з Європейським Союзом у межах різних зелених платформ і мереж, які допомагають містам у зеленій тран-
сформації. Усі вищезгадані інструменти та рішення мають сприяти створенню зелених, стійких та людиноорієнто-
ваних міст в Україні. Автори розлянули можливості фінасування відновлення українських міст після руйнування в
частині необхідних фінансових ресурсів, країн донорів та видатків на відбудову.
Ключові слова: екоінноваційна економіка, екоінноваційна трансформація, зелена трансформація, фінансові
можливості, фінансування, інфраструктура
JEL Класифікація: O31, О32
