In e na ional
Jou nal
o
Clinical
and
Heal h
Psychology
(2020)
20,
140---150
www.else ie .es/ijchp
In e na ional
Jou nal
o
Clinical
and
Heal h
Psychology
ORIGINAL
ARTICLE
Valida ion
o
he
In e pe sonal
Exchange
Model
o
Sexual
Sa is ac ion
Ques ionnai e
in
adul s
wi h
a
same-sex
pa ne 夽
C is óbal
Cal illoa,
Ma ía
del
Ma
Sánchez-Fuen esb,c,
Tesi ón
Pa ón-Ca e˜
nod,
Juan
Ca los
Sie aa,∗
aMind,
B ain,
and
Beha io
Resea ch
Cen e ,
Uni e sidad
de
G anada,
G anada,
Spain
bFacul y
o
Social
and
Human
Sciences,
Uni e si y
o
Za agoza,
Te uel,
Spain
cDepa amen
o
Social
Science,
Uni e sidad
de
La
Cos a,
Ba anquilla,
Colombia
dDepa amen
o
Nu sing,
Physio he apy
and
Medicine,
Uni e sidad
de
Alme ía,
Spain
Recei ed
10
June
2019;
accep ed
24
July
2019
A ailable
online
10
No embe
2019
KEYWORDS
IEMSSQ;
Sexual
sa is ac ion;
same-sex
couples;
psychome ic
p ope ies;
ins umen al
s udy
Abs ac
Backg ound/Objec i e:
The
In e pe sonal
Exchange
Model
o
Sexual
Sa is ac ion
Ques ionnai e
(IEMSSQ)
is
one
o
he
ew
ins umen s
ha
has
been
de eloped
om
a
heo e ical
model
and
assess
sexual
sa is ac ion.
In
addi ion,
i
has
been
success ully
alida ed
in
Spanish
he e osex-
ual
popula ion.
The
objec i e
o
his
s udy
is
o
adap
and
examine
i s
psychome ic
p ope ies
( eliabili y,
e idence
o
alidi y,
and
measu emen
in a iance
ac oss
sexual
o ien a ion
and
sex)
in
gay
people
in
a
ela ionship.
Me hod:
A
sample
o
1,820
adul s,
o
whom
50%
a e
gay
people
and
55%
men,
answe ed
he
Spanish
e sion
o
he
IEMSSQ.
In
addi ion,
subjec s
wi h
gay
o ien-
a ion
answe ed
he
Massachuse s
Gene al
Hospi al-Sexual
Func ioning
Ques ionnai e
and
he
Dyadic
Adjus men
Scale.
Resul s:
When
compa ing
by
sex
and
sexual
o ien a ion,
he
IEMSSQ
has
a
s ic
in a ian
s uc u e.
I s
eliabili y
is
good,
and
he
e idence
o
cons uc
and
concu -
en
alidi y
is
adequa e.
Howe e ,
he
componen s
o
equali y
a e
mode a e.
Conclusions:
The
IEMSSQ
makes
i
possible
o
compa e
he
sexual
sa is ac ion
be ween
gay/he e osexual
men
and
women,
p esen ing
good
psychome ic
p ope ies
in
gay
people,
cons i u ing
an
use ul
ins umen
in
he
clinical
and
esea ch
field.
©
2019
Asociaci´
on
Espa˜
nola
de
Psicolog´
ıa
Conduc ual.
Published
by
Else ie
Espa˜
na,
S.L.U.
This
is
an
open
access
a icle
unde
he
CC
BY-NC-ND
license
(h p://c ea i ecommons.o g/licenses/
by-nc-nd/4.0/).
夽This
esea ch
is
pa
o
he
Doc o al
Thesis
o
he
fi s
au ho .
Psychology
Doc o al
P og am
(B13
56
1;
RD
99/2011).
∗Co esponding
au ho
a :
Facul ad
de
Psicología,
Campus
Uni e si a io
de
Ca uja
s/n,
18011
G anada,
Espa˜
na.
E-mail
add ess:
jcsie a@ug .es
(J.C.
Sie a).
h ps://doi.o g/10.1016/j.ijchp.2019.07.005
1697-2600/©
2019
Asociaci´
on
Espa˜
nola
de
Psicolog´
ıa
Conduc ual.
Published
by
Else ie
Espa˜
na,
S.L.U.
This
is
an
open
access
a icle
unde
he
CC
BY-NC-ND
license
(h p://c ea i ecommons.o g/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
Valida ion
o
he
In e pe sonal
Exchange
Model
o
Sexual
Sa is ac ion
Ques ionnai e
in
adul s
wi h
a
same-sex
pa ne
141
PALABRAS
CLAVE
IEMSSQ;
sa is acción
sexual;
pa ejas
del
mismo
sexo;
p opiedades
psicomé icas;
es udio
ins umen al
Validación
del
In e pe sonal
Exchange
Model
o
Sexual
Sa is ac ion
Ques ionnai e
en
adul os
con
pa eja
del
mismo
sexo
Resumen
An eceden es/Obje i o:
El
In e pe sonal
Exchange
Model
o
Sexual
Sa is ac ion
Ques ionnai e
(IEMSSQ)
es
uno
de
los
escasos
ins umen os
que
e alúan
la
sa is acción
sexual
desde
un
modelo
eó ico
y
ha
sido
alidado
con
éxi o
en
población
espa˜
nola
he e osexual.
El
obje i o
de
es e
es udio
es
adap a
y
examina
sus
p opiedades
psicomé icas
(fiabilidad,
e idencias
de
alidez
e
in a ianza
según
o ien ación
sexual
y
sexo)
en
adul os
gais
con
una
elación
de
pa eja.
Mé odo:
Una
mues a
de
1.820
adul os,
de
los
cuales
el
50%
son
gais/lesbianas
y
el
55%
homb es,
con-
es ó
a
la
e sión
espa˜
nola
del
IEMSSQ.
Además,
los
suje os
con
o ien ación
gay
con es a on
el
Massachuse s
Gene al
Hospi al-Sexual
Func ioning
Ques ionnai e
y
la
Escala
de
Ajus e
Diádico.
Resul ados:
El
IEMSSQ
posee
una
es uc u a
in a ian e
es ic a,
po
sexo
y
o ien ación
sexual.
Su
fiabilidad
es
buena,
y
las
e idencias
de
alidez
de
cons uc o
y
concu en e
adecuadas,
aunque
mode adas
en
los
componen es
de
igualdad.
Conclusiones:
El
IEMSSQ
pe mi e
compa a
la
sa is acción
sexual
en e
homb es
gais
y
muje es
lesbianas
y
he e osexuales,
p esen ando
buenas
p opiedades
psicomé icas
en
adul os
gais,
cons i uyendo
un
ins umen o
ú il
en
el
ámbi o
clínico
y
en
el
de
la
in es igación.
©
2019
Asociaci´
on
Espa˜
nola
de
Psicolog´
ıa
Conduc ual.
Publicado
po
Else ie
Espa˜
na,
S.L.U.
Es e
es
un
a ´
ıculo
Open
Access
bajo
la
licencia
CC
BY-NC-ND
(h p://c ea i ecommons.o g/
licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
Sexual
sa is ac ion
is
an
essen ial
dimension
o
human
sexuali y
and
is
associa ed
wi h
indi idual,
in e pe sonal,
social,
and
cul u al
a iables
(Cal illo,
Sánchez-Fuen es,
&
Sie a,
2018;
Sánchez-Fuen es,
San os-Iglesias,
&
Sie a,
2014).
Law ance
and
Bye s
(1995,
p.
268)
define
i
as
‘‘an
a ec i e
esponse
a ising
om
one´
s
subjec i e
e alua ion
o
he
posi i e
and
nega i e
dimensions
associa ed
wi h
one´
s
sexual
ela ionship’’.
Despi e
i s
impo ance,
ew
consol-
ida ed
heo e ical
models
a e
add essing
i s
s udy.
These
include
he
In e pe sonal
Exchange
Model
o
Sexual
Sa is ac-
ion
(IEMSS;
Law ance
&
Bye s,
1995),
which
explains
sexual
sa is ac ion
based
on
he
exchange
o
sexual
ewa ds
and
cos s
associa ed
wi h
sexual
ela ionships
wi hin
he
couple.
Posi i e
o
pleasan
aspec s
o
sexual
ela ions
ep esen
ewa ds,
whe eas
nega i e
o
unpleasan
aspec s
ep esen
cos s.
The
IEMSS
s a es
ha
sexual
sa is ac ion
is
de e -
mined
by
ou
componen s:
(a)
he
balance
be ween
sexual
ewa ds
and
sexual
cos s
(REW
-
CST),
(b)
he
compa a i e
le el
o
balance
be ween
expec ed
sexual
ewa ds/cos s
and
ac ual
sexual
ewa ds/cos s
(CLREW -
CLCST),
(c)
he
pe -
cei ed
equali y
o
sexual
ewa ds
and
sexual
cos s
be ween
he
membe
o
he
couple
(EQREW and
EQCST),
and
(d)
ela-
ionship
sa is ac ion
(Bye s
&
Macneil,
2006).
The
IEMSS
has
been
alida ed
in
Spain
in
he e osexual
couples
(Sánchez-
Fuen es
&
San os-Iglesias,
2016).
The
In e pe sonal
Exchange
Model
o
Sexual
Sa is ac ion
Ques ionnai e
(IEMSSQ;
Law ance,
Bye s,
&
Cohen,
2011)
is
based
on
he
IEMSS,
and
i
has
been
adap ed
and
al-
ida ed
o
he e osexual
Spanish
popula ion
wi h
excellen
psychome ic
p ope ies
(Sánchez-Fuen es,
San os-Iglesias,
Bye s,
&
Sie a,
2015).
I
includes
ou
heo e ically
ela ed
measu es:
he
Exchange
Ques ionnai e
(EXQ),
he
Global
Measu e
o
Sexual
Sa is ac ion
(GMSEX),
he
Global
Measu e
o
Rela ionship
Sa is ac ion
(GMREL),
and
he
Rewa ds/Cos s
Checklis
(RCC).
The
EXQ
is
composed
o
six
i ems,
and
i
measu es
he
di e en
componen s
o
he
IEMSS.
These
six
i ems
use
nine-poin
scales.
I em
1
assesses
he
o e -
all
le el
o
sexual
ewa ds
(REW)
anging
om
No
a
all
ewa ding
(1)
o
Ex emely
ewa ding
(9).
I em
2
assesses
he
ac ual
le el
o
sexual
ewa ds
in
compa ison
wi h
he
expec ed
le el
(CLREW)
anging
om
Much
less
ewa ding
in
compa ison
(1)
o
Much
mo e
ewa ding
in
compa i-
son
(9).
I em
3
assesses
he
pe cei ed
le el
o
ewa ds
in
compa ison
o
pa ne ´
s
le el
o
ewa ds
(EQREW)
ang-
ing
om
My
ewa ds
a e
much
highe
(1)
and
My
pa ne ’s
ewa ds
a e
much
highe
(9).
The
h ee
emaining
i ems
(4,
5,
and
6)
a e
simila
o
he
fi s
h ee,
bu
hey
assess
sexual
cos s
(CST).
The
componen s
o
he
IEMSS
(REW
-
CST,
CLREW -
CLCST,
EQREW,
and
EQCST)
a e
calcula ed
as
ol-
lows.
The
o al
balance
be ween
ewa ds
and
cos s
(REW
-
CST)
is
he
esul
o
he
sub ac ion
be ween
he
sco e
o
i em
4
and
he
sco e
o
i em
1.
The
le el
o
com-
pa ison
be ween
sexual
ewa ds
and
cos s
(CLREW -
CLCST)
is
calcula ed
by
sub ac ing
he
sco e
o
i em
5
om
he
sco e
o
i em
2.
In
bo h
cases,
possible
sco es
ange
om
−8
o
+8,
and
highe
sco es
ep esen
mo e
sexual
ewa ds.
Finally,
o
calcula e
he
pe cei ed
equali y
o
sexual
ewa ds
and
cos s
(EQREW and
EQCST,
espec i ely),
i ems
3
and
6
a e
ecoded
in
such
a
way
ha
he
middle
poin
o
he
esponse
scale
(5),
which
ep esen s
pe -
ec
balance,
is
assigned
a
sco e
o
4,
and
he
emaining
poin s
a e
assigned
dec easing
sco es
down
o
0.
The e o e,
highe
sco es
ep esen
highe
equali y
be ween
he
pa -
ne s.
The
GMSEX
assesses
o e all
sa is ac ion
wi h
he
sexual
ela ionship
using
fi e
se en-poin
bipola
subscales:
Ve y
bad/Ve y
good;
Ve y
unpleasan /Ve y
pleasan ;
Ve y
neg-
a i e/Ve y
posi i e;
Ve y
unsa is ying/Ve y
sa is ying;
and
Wo hless/Ve y
aluable.
The
GMREL
is
iden ical
o
he
p e-
ious
measu e
o
sexual
sa is ac ion,
bu
i
assesses
o e all
sa is ac ion
wi h
one’s
ela ionship.
Finally,
he
RCC
consis s
o
58
i ems
ep esen ing
di e en
sexual
exchanges
(e.g.,
le el
o
a ec ion
you
and
you
pa ne
exp ess
du ing
sexual
142
C.
Cal illo
e
al.
ac i i ies),
which
can
be
alued
as
ewa ds,
cos s,
bo h
o
nei he .
Despi e
ha
he
IEMSSQ
has
no
ye
been
alida ed
o
gay
people,
a
ecen
sys ema ic
e iew
on
sexual
sa is ac-
ion
in
same-sex
couples
(Cal illo
e
al.,
2018)
shows
ha
one
in
e e y
fi e
a icles
uses
he
IEMSSQ
o
assess
sexual
sa is ac ion
among
gay
people.
The e o e,
he
aim
o
he
p esen
ins umen al
s udy
(Mon e o
&
León,
2007)
is
o
assess
he
psychome ic
p ope ies
o
he
Spanish
e sion
o
he
IEMSSQ
when
used
wi h
adul s
wi h
a
same-sex
pa ne .
Fi s ly,
an
i em
analysis
will
be
ca ied
ou
and
he
in e nal
consis ency
eliabili y
o
he
GMSEX
and
GMREL
measu es
will
be
ob ained.
Secondly,
e idence
o
he
alidi y
o
all
measu es
o
he
IEMSSQ
(GMSEX,
GMREL,
REW
-
CST,
CLREW -
CLCST,
EQREW,
EQCST,
numbe
o
sexual
ewa ds,
and
numbe
o
sexual
cos s)
will
be
p o ided,
co ela ing
hei
sco es
wi h
each
o he ,
and
wi h
sexual
unc ioning
and
dyadic
adjus men .
Thi dly,
he
in a iance
o
GMSEX
and
GMREL
will
be
examined
by
sexual
o ien a ion
and
sex.
Finally,
GMSEX
and
GMREL
measu es
will
be
compa ed
based
on
sexual
o i-
en a ion
and
be ween
gay
men
and
lesbians.
The
p esen
s udy
p oposes
he
ollowing
hypo heses:
(1)
The
sco es
o
he
componen s
will
co ela e
posi i ely
wi h
sexual
sa is-
ac ion,
sexual
unc ioning,
and
dyadic
adjus men ,
excep
he
numbe
o
sexual
cos s,
which
will
co ela e
nega i ely
(Sánchez-Fuen es
e
al.,
2015;
Sánchez-Fuen es,
Salinas,
&
Sie a,
2016);
(2)
GMSEX
and
GMREL
will
be
in a ian
mea-
su es
based
on
sexual
o ien a ion
and
sex
(A cos-Rome o
&
Sie a,
2019);
(3)
gay
and
he e osexual
people
will
no
di e
in
e ms
o
sexual
sa is ac ion
and
ela ionship
sa is ac ion
(Sánchez-Fuen es
&
Sie a,
2015);
and
(4)
lesbian
women
will
ha e
g ea e
sexual
sa is ac ion
han
gay
men
(Holmbe g
&
Blai ,
2009;
Peplau,
Coch an,
&
Mays,
1997).
Me hod
Pa icipan s
A
sample
o
1,820
adul s
di ided
in o
wo
independen
sub-
samples
was
used:
gay
people
and
he e osexual
people.
Non-p obabilis ic
con enience
sampling
was
used
o
ob ain
a
subsample
o
910
pa icipan s
(505
men
and
405
women)
who
me
he
ollowing
inclusion
c i e ia:
(a)
Spanish
lan-
guage
as
hei
mo he
ongue;
(b)
be
18
yea s
o
age
o
olde ;
(c)
ha e
a
gay
o ien a ion;
(d)
be
cisgende ;
and
(e)
main ained
a
ela ionship
wi h
ano he
cisgende
and
same-
sex
pe son
o
a
leas
h ee
mon hs.
In
addi ion,
he e
was
a
second
subsample
o
910
pa icipan s
selec ed
by
inciden-
al
sampling
(505
men
and
405
women),
who
me
he
same
inclusion
c i e ia,
excep
ha
hey
we e
exclusi ely
he e o-
sexual
and
main ained
a
ela ionship
wi h
a
cisgende
pe son
o
di e en
sex
o
a
leas
h ee
mon hs
a
he
ime
o
he
e alua ion.
Table
1
shows
he
sociodemog aphic
in o ma ion
o
he
pa icipan s.
Ins umen s
Sociodemog aphic
and
Sexual
His o y
Ques ionnai e.
This
ad
hoc
ques ionnai e
collec s
in o ma ion
on
sexual
iden-
i y,
age,
na ionali y,
ela ionship,
pa ne ’s
sexual
iden i y,
pa ne ’s
age,
du a ion
o
he
ela ionship,
exclusi i y
o
he
ela ionship,
cohabi a ion
wi h
he
pa ne ,
sexual
ela ions
wi h
he
cu en
pa ne ,
age
o
fi s
sexual
ela ion
(anal,
o al,
o
aginal)
and
numbe
o
sexual
pa ne s.
Kinsey
scale
(Kinsey,
Pome oy,
&
Ma in,
1998).
Iden ifies
sexual
o ien a ion
using
eigh
esponse
op ions
om
exclu-
si ely
he e osexual
(1)
o
exclusi ely
homosexual
(7).
An
eigh h
op ion
was
included
o
accoun
o
asexuali y.
Only
subjec s
who
ma ked
he
exclusi ely
homosexual
op ion
(gay
subsample)
o
exclusi ely
he e osexual
(he e osexual
sub-
sample)
we e
selec ed.
Spanish
e sion
o
he
IEMSSQ
(Law ance
e
al.,
2011),
alida ed
by
Sánchez-Fuen es
e
al.
(2015)
desc ibed
abo e.
Spanish
e sion
o
he
Massachuse s
Gene al
Hospi al-
Sexual
Func ioning
Ques ionnai e
(MGH-SFQ;
Fa a,
Rankin,
Alpe ,
Nie enbe g,
&
Wo hing on,
1998),
alida ed
by
Sie a,
Vallejo-Medina,
San os-Iglesias,
and
Lamei as
Fe nández
(2012).
I s
fi e
i ems
assess
sexual
unc ioning
du ing
he
pas
mon h:
in e es ,
a ousal,
o gasm,
e ec ion
(only
o
men),
and
o e all
sexual
sa is ac ion
(e.g.,
How
has
you
in e es
in
sex
been
o e
he
pas
mon h?).
Answe s
a e
gi en
on
a
fi e-poin
scale
om
Has
dec eased
comple ely
(0)
o
No mal
(4).
Gi en
ha
he
possible
ange
o
sco es
is
di e en
o
men
and
women,
he
mean
sco e
was
used
ins ead
o
he
o al
sco e.
I em
5
(Sexual
sa is ac ion)
was
excluded
om
he
calcula ion
o
he
mean
sco e
o
a oid
he
o e lapping
o
he
sexual
unc ioning
and
sexual
sa is-
ac ion
measu es;
his
i em
was
hen
used
independen ly
as
an
addi ional
measu e
o
sexual
sa is ac ion.
Highe
sco es
indica e
be e
sexual
unc ioning.
This
e sion
has
shown
good
eliabili y
and
con e gen
alidi y
(Sie a
e
al.,
2012).
In
he
p esen
s udy,
a
C onbach’s
alpha
o
.84
was
ob ained
in
gay
men
and
.83
in
lesbian
women.
Reduced
Spanish
e sion
o
he
Dyadic
Adjus men
Scale
(DAS;
Spanie ,
2017),
adap ed
by
San os-Iglesias,
Vallejo-
Medina,
and
Sie a
(2009).
I s
13
i ems
(e.g.,
How
o en
do
you
and
you
pa ne
qua el?)
assess
dyadic
adjus -
men
in
he
couple
based
on
h ee
dimensions
(Sa is ac ion,
Consensus,
and
Cohesion).
The
scale
uses
six-poin
esponse
op ions
( om
Always
disag ee
o
Always
ag ee)
and
fi e-
poin
esponse
op ions
( om
Ne e
o
E e yday),
depending
on
he
i em.
Highe
sco es
indica e
highe
adjus men .
The
scale
p esen s
adequa e
eliabili y
and
alidi y
(San os-
Iglesias
e
al.,
2009).
A
C onbach’s
alpha
o
.79
was
ob ained
in
he
p esen
s udy,
bo h
o
gay
men
and
lesbian
women.
P ocedu e
Fi s ly,
a
linguis ic
adap a ion
o
he
RCC
was
ca ied
ou
so
ha
i
could
be
answe ed
by
gay
people.
Subsequen ly,
he
d a
was
sen
o
h ee
expe s
in
Human
Sexuali y
o
he
examina ion
o
he
wo ding
o
he
i ems.
Nine
i ems
ha
explici ly
allude
o
he e osexual
people
we e
modified
(e.g.,
Abili y/inabili y
o
ha e
a
child
was
eplaced
wi h
Abil-
i y/inabili y
o
ha e
a
child
[ei he
adop ed
o
biological]).
A e
he
expe
judgmen ,
a
pilo
s udy
was
conduc ed
in
which
he
ques ionnai e
was
adminis e ed
o
en
gay
adul s
(fi e
men
and
fi e
women).
A e
each
i em,
hey
we e
asked
whe he
he
ex
was
unde s andable,
and
i
hey
exp essed
doub s,
hey
we e
asked
o
speci y.
Gi en
ha
all
he
i ems
we e
epo ed
as
unde s ood,
no
addi ional
changes
we e
made,
which
esul ed
in
he
final
e sion
o
he
RCC
o
Valida ion
o
he
In e pe sonal
Exchange
Model
o
Sexual
Sa is ac ion
Ques ionnai e
in
adul s
wi h
a
same-sex
pa ne
143
Table
1
Sociodemog aphic
cha ac e is ics
o
he
pa icipan s.
Gay
people
(n
=
910) He e osexual
people
(n
=
910)
Men
(n
=
505) Women
(n
=
405) Men
(n
=
505) Women
(n
=
405)
Rank
M
(SD) Rank
M
(SD) /2Rank
M
(SD) Rank
M
(SD)
/
2
Age
(yea s) 18---62 31.11
(9.43) 18---63 28.75
(8.55) 3.94*** 18---74 34.67
(12.26) 18---65 30.64
(11.16) 5.18***
M
(SD) M
(SD) M
(SD) M
(SD)
Fi s
sexual
ela ion
(yea s) 17.14
(3.99) 17.23
(2.98) −0.34 17.73
(2.81) 17.89
(2.94) −1.07
Du a ion
o
ela ionship
wi h
cu en
pa ne
(mon hs)
58.71
(67.55) 47.41
(52.43) 2.84** 158.10
(137.65) 136.73
(121.56) 2.60**
MeM
(SD) MeM
(SD) MeM
(SD) MeM
(SD)
Numbe
o
sexual
pa ne s 10
39.18
(82.97) 5
7.46
(9.43) 8.30*** 4
6.10
(9.89) 2
3.52
(4.19) 5.17***
n
(%) n
(%) n
(%) n
(%)
Na ionali y
Spanish
318
(63)
275
(67.90) 2.41 505
(100)
405
(100)
O he
Hispanic
coun ies
187
(37)
130
(32.10)
0
0
Educa ion
le el
P ima y
Educa ion 7
(1.40) 8
(2)
0.66
68
(3.50) 31
(7.70)
29.71***
Seconda y
Educa ion 107
(21.20) 90
(22.20) 188
(37.20) 102
(25.20)
Uni e si y
Deg ee 391
(77.40) 307
(75.80) 249
(49.30) 272
(67.20)
Exclusi e
Rela ionship
Yes 418
(82.80) 387
(95.60) 35.99*** 494
(97.80) 387
(95.60) 3.74
No
87
(17.20) 18
(4.40) 11
(2.20) 18
(4.40)
Cohabi
wi h
you
cu en
pa ne
Yes
285
(56.40)
212
(52.30) 1.57 275
(54.50)
187
(46.20) 6.17*
No
220
(43.60)
193
(47.70)
230
(45.50)
218
(53.80)
No e.
M:
mean;
SD:
s anda d
de ia ion;
Me:
median.
*p
<
.05.
** p
<
.01.
*** p
<
.001.
144
C.
Cal illo
e
al.
people
wi h
a
same-sex
pa ne .
No
linguis ic
adap a ion
was
equi ed
o
he
es
o
he
IEMSSQ
scales.
See
Appendix
1.
The
ins umen s
we e
adminis e ed
using
bo h
he
adi-
ional
pape
and
pencil
o ma ,
and
online
o ma ;
hese
wo
me hods
ha e
been
shown
o
p esen
no
di e ences
in
e ms
o
he
in o ma ion
on
sexual
beha io s
ha
hey
can
ob ain
(Sie a,
Moyano,
Vallejo-Medina,
&
Gómez-Be ocal,
2018;
Vel en,
Schol en,
&
Ma g a ,
2018).
The
pa icipan s
who
comple ed
ques ionnai es
in
pape
and
pencil
o ma
we e
con ac ed
a
educa ional
cen e s,
social
cen e s,
public
and
leisu e
places,
as
well
as
h ough
lesbian,
gay,
bisexual,
and
ansgende
(LGBT)
associa ions.
The
online
e sion
was
dis ibu ed
using
i ual
pla o ms
(Facebook®,
Twi e ®,
Wha sApp®,
and
e-mail),
using
he
Limesu ey®so wa e;
he
IP
add esses
o
he
esponden s
we e
con olled.
To
access
he
su ey,
he
pa icipan
had
o
confi m
he
access
by
answe ing
a
secu i y
ques ion
consis ing
o
a
andom
sum.
All
pa icipan s
comple ed
he
e alua ion
olun a -
ily,
and
hei
anonymi y
and
he
confiden iali y
o
he
da a
we e
gua an eed
a
all
imes.
Be o e
answe ing
he
ques-
ionnai e,
he
esponden s
we e
asked
o
ead
and
accep
he
in o med
consen
o ms,
which
included
a
desc ip ion
o
he
pu pose
o
he
s udy
and
in o ma ion
on
da a
confi-
den iali y
and
p i acy.
The
s udy
was
app o ed
by
he
E hics
Commi ee
in
Human
Resea ch
o
he
Uni e si y
o
G anada.
Da a
analysis
The
omega
(McDonald,
1999;
Ven u a-León,
2018)
and
o di-
nal
alpha
coe ficien s
(Zumbo,
Gade mann,
&
Zeisse ,
2007)
we e
used
o
es ima e
he
in e nal
consis ency
o
GMSEX
and
GMREL.
The
MBESS
package
( e sion
4.2.0;
Kelley,
2018)
was
used
o
calcula ing
omega,
and
he
use iendlyscience
package
( e sion
0.7.2;
Pe e s,
2018)
was
used
o
calcula -
ing
o dinal
alpha.
Bo h
packages
un
in
he
R®en i onmen
( e sion
3.4.4;
R
Co e
Team,
2016)
wi h
i s
RS udio®in e-
g a ed
in e ace
( e sion
1.1.447;
RS udio
Team,
2018).
The
analysis
used
he
omega
hie a chical,
which
gi es
he
p o-
po ion
o
a iance
o
he
sco es
o
each
scale
based
on
a
gene al
ac o
(McDonald,
1999;
Zinba g,
Re elle,
&
Yo el,
2007).
Pea son’s
co ela ions
we e
used
o
examine
con-
s uc
and
concu en
alidi y.
Due
o
he
la ge
size
o
he
sample,
a
conse a i e
alpha
(p
<
.01),
as
well
as
Cohen
(1988)
c i e ion
was
used
o
es ablish
he
ank
o
he
e ec
acco ding
o
i s
size:
small
(0.10),
mode a e
(0.30)
and
la ge
(0.50).
To
de e mine
whe he
GMSEX
and
GMREL
assess
wo
di e en
bu
ela ed
cons uc s
in a iably
in
gay
and
he -
e osexual
men
and
women,
a
Confi ma o y
Fac o
Analysis
(CFA)
was
pe o med
using
he
la aan
package
( e sion
0.6-
3;
Rosseel,
2012).
An
analysis
o
mul ig oup
in a iance
was
ca ied
ou ,
in
which
ou
g oups
we e
defined:
gay
men,
les-
bian
women,
he e osexual
men,
and
he e osexual
women.
The
p og essi e
in a iance
(configu al,
weak,
s ong,
and
s ic )
o
he
wo- ac o
model
was
also
es ed.
GMSEX
and
GMREL
we e
es ablished
as
he
wo
ac o s;
each
ac o
had
fi e
obse able
a iables
be ween
e o s.
The
analy-
sis
included
he
Diagonally
Weigh ed
Leas
Squa es
(WLSMV)
es ima ion
me hod,
a
obus
es ima o
in
case
o
a
lack
o
mul i a ia e
no mali y
designed
o
o dinal
da a
(Li,
2016).
The
ollowing
c i e ia
we e
aken
in o
accoun
o
assess
he
mul ig oup
AFC
fi :
CFI
and
TLI
>
.90
and
RMSEA
<
.08
(Hu
&
Ben le ,
1999;
Wang
&
Wang,
2012);
in
addi ion,
i
was
es ablished
ha
i
he
di e ence
be ween
he
alues
o
wo
nes ed
models
in
he
CFI
was
highe
han
.01
in
a o
o
he
model
wi h
ewe
es ic ions
(Ben le ,
1990),
he
model
wi h
mo e
es ic ions
would
be
ejec ed
(Cheung
&
Rens old,
2002).
Ul ima ely,
he
in a iance
le els
conce n-
ing
he
ela ionship
be ween
obse able
a iables
and
la en
a iables
we e
examined
(Mil on
&
Fische ,
2010).
Finally,
o
he
analysis
o
he
compa isons
o
GMSEX
and
GMREL
by
sex
and
sexual
o ien a ion,
and
gi en
ha
hei
sco es
did
no
adjus
o
a
no mal
dis ibu ion,
he
Mann-Whi ney
U
was
used.
Resul s
I em
analysis
An
analysis
was
made
o
he
median,
mean
sco es
and
he
s anda d
de ia ion
o
he
i ems
o
de ec
ex eme
sco es
(Guillo -Valdés,
Guillén-Riquelme,
&
Buela-Casal,
2019).
The
means
anged
be ween
5.85
and
6.64
( heo e ical
ange
o
1
o
7).
S anda d
de ia ions
anged
om
1
o
1.44.
This
indica es
ha
he
subjec s
ha e
a
esponse
pa e n
wi h
high
equencies
a
he
uppe
end
(Table
2).
Reliabili y
In
he
case
o
GMSEX,
gay
men
ob ained
an
omega
o
.90
and
an
o dinal
alpha
o
.93;
in
lesbian
women,
he
coe fi-
cien s
we e
.88
and
.92,
espec i ely.
In
he
case
o
GMREL,
gay
men
ob ained
an
omega
coe ficien
o
.94
and
o di-
nal
alpha
o
.95;
in
lesbian
women,
alues
o
.92
and
.94
we e
ob ained,
espec i ely.
The
eliabili y
o
in e nal
con-
sis ency
o
bo h
scales
does
no
imp o e
wi h
he
elimina ion
o
any
o
i s
i ems.
Cons uc
and
concu en
alidi y
E idence
on
he
cons uc
alidi y
o
he
di e en
IEMSSQ
measu es
excep
o
EQREW and
EQCST eflec s
ha
hey
we e
significan ly
associa ed
wi h
each
o he
in
bo h
gay
men
and
lesbian
women
(Table
3).
Rega ding
concu en
alidi y,
all
IEMSSQ
measu es
excep
o
EQREW and
EQCST
we e
significan ly
associa ed
wi h
he
sco es
o
an
indi idual
i em
o
sexual
sa is ac ion,
sexual
unc ioning,
and
dyadic
adjus men ,
bo h
in
gay
men
and
lesbian
women,
p esen -
ing
sex-based
di e ences
in
he
s eng h
o
he
associa ions.
In
men,
EQREW was
associa ed
wi h
he
Consensus
compo-
nen
o
dyadic
adjus men
and
EQCST wi h
he
Sa is ac ion
componen ;
in
women,
EQCST was
co ela ed
wi h
he
Sa -
is ac ion
componen
o
dyadic
adjus men
and
he
global
dyadic
adjus men
sco e
(Table
3).
A
se ies
o
Fishe
o
z
ans o ma ions
we e
pe o med
o
assess
he
magni ude
o
he
di e ences
be ween
each
pai
o
co ela ion
coe ficien s
and
de e mine
whe he
he
magni ude
o
he
co ela ions
be ween
each
pai
di e ed
significan ly
be ween
men
and
women
(Sánchez-Fuen es
e
al.,
2015).
Due
o
a
la ge
numbe
o
compa isons
(90),
he
Bon e oni
co ec ion
was
used
o
a oid
he
ype
I
infla ed
e o
(Cabin
&
Mi chell,
2000)
(˛
=
.0005).
Only
wo
pai s
o

Valida ion
o
he
In e pe sonal
Exchange
Model
o
Sexual
Sa is ac ion
Ques ionnai e
in
adul s
wi h
a
same-sex
pa ne
145
Table
2
Análisis
desc ip i o
de
los
í ems
de
GMSEX
y
GMREL.
Men
Women
Gay
men
He e osexual
people
Lesbian
women
He e osexual
people
GMSEX
MeM
(SD)
MeM
(SD)
MeM
(SD)
MeM
(SD)
I em
1
6
5.94
(1.28)
6
6.08
(1.08)
7
6.24
(1.12)
6
6.04
(1.27)
I em
26
6.02
(1.25) 6
6.11
(1)
7
6.36
(1.02)
6
5.95
(1.25)
I em
36
5.98
(1.39) 6
6.16
(1.15)
7
6.25
(1.24)
7
6.18
(1.21)
I em
46
5.85
(1.44) 6
5.99
(1.16) 7
6.20
(1.28) 6
5.95
(1.32)
I em
5
7
6.20
(1.32)
7
6.25
(1.03)
7
6.55
(1.03)
7
6.19
(1.31)
GMREL
MeM
(SD)
MeM
(SD)
MeM
(SD)
MeM
(SD)
I em
1
7
6.16
(1.21)
6
6.20
(1.09)
7
6.40
(1)
7
6.22
(1.09)
I em
2
6
6.15
(1.15)
6
6.05
(1.16)
7
6.39
(1.03)
6
6.04
(1.23)
I em
3
7
6.13
(1.29)
7
6.22
(1.16)
7
6.27
(1.20)
7
6.22
(1.19)
I em
4
6
6.03
(1.33)
6
6.10
(1.16)
7
6.30
(1.13)
6
6.07
(1.26)
I em
5
7
6.45
(1.11)
7
6.34
(1.05)
7
6.64
(0.93)
7
6.39
(1.12)
No e.
Me:
median;
M:
mean;
SD:
s anda d
de ia ion;
GMSEX:
Global
Measu e
o
Sexual
Sa is ac ion;
GMREL:
Global
Measu e
o
Rela ionship
Sa is ac ion.
co ela ions
(numbe
o
ewa ds-dyadic
adjus men
and
he
numbe
o
ewa ds-Sa is ac ion
componen
o
dyadic
adjus -
men )
we e
s a is ically
di e en
be ween
men
and
women
and
significan ly
highe
among
men.
In
o he
wo ds,
he
pa -
e ns
o
co ela ions
be ween
he
IEMSSQ
measu es
o
dyadic
adjus men
and
sexual
unc ioning
a e
simila
o
gay
men
and
lesbian
women.
Fac o ial
in a iance
The
esul s
ob ained
show
he
wo-dimensional
model
(GMSEX
and
GMREL),
e idencing
a
s ic
adjus men
in
he
ac o ial
in a iance
using
ou
g oups:
gay
men,
lesbian
women,
he e osexual
men,
and
he e osexual
women.
As
no
di e ences
highe
han
.01
we e
ob ained
in
he
CFI,
he
maximum
le el
o
adjus men
was
eached
(see
Figu e
1
and
Table
4).
Compa ison
be ween
GMSEX
and
GMREL
by
sexual
o ien a ion
Once
he
s ic
in a iance
o
GMSEX
and
GMREL
was
es ab-
lished,
he
mean
sco es
o
gay
men
and
women
we e
compa ed
wi h
hose
o
he e osexual
men
and
women.
Significan
di e ences
we e
ound
be ween
lesbian
and
he -
e osexual
women,
bo h
in
GMSEX
(U
=
69950.50,
p
<
.001,
d
=
0.24)
and
in
GMREL
(U
=
71788,
p
<
.01,
d
=
0.21);
highe
sco es
we e
ob ained
by
lesbian
women
in
bo h
cases
(Table
5).
Sexual
sa is ac ion
in
men
and
women
wi h
a
same-sex
pa ne
Table
6
shows
he
sco es
o
gay
men
and
women
o
each
IEMSSQ
measu e.
In
gene al,
gay
men
and
lesbian
women
ob ained
high
sco es
in
all
he
measu es.
Gi en
i s
ac-
o
in a iance,
GMREL
and
GMSEX
measu es
we e
compa ed
be ween
gay
men
and
lesbian
women.
Significan
di e -
ences
we e
ound
in
GMSEX
(U
=
83815,
p
<
.001,
d
=
−.30)
and
GMREL
(U
=
89223,
p
<
.01,
d
=
.21);
women
sco ed
highe
in
bo h
cases.
Discussion
The
psychome ic
p ope ies
o
he
Spanish
e sion
o
he
In e pe sonal
Exchange
Model
o
Sexual
Sa is ac ion
Ques ionnai e
(IEMSSQ;
Sánchez-Fuen es
e
al.,
2015)
we e
examined
in
adul s
wi h
a
same-sex
pa ne .
Ou
esul s
showed
ha
he
Spanish
IEMSSQ
e sion
is
a
eliable
and
alid
ins umen
o
assess
sexual
sa is ac ion
in
his
pop-
ula ion,
as
alid
as
when
used
in
he e osexual
people
(Sánchez-Fuen es
e
al.,
2015),
which
allowed
o
a
com-
pa ison
o
he
sco es
be ween
sexual
o ien a ions.
Wi h
ega d
o
eliabili y,
as
in
samples
om
he e osexual
people
(A cos-Rome o
&
Sie a,
2020;
Moyano,
Vallejo-
Medina,
&
Sie a,
2017;
Sánchez-Fuen es
e
al.,
2016,
2015;
Ta a es,
Schlagin wei ,
Nob e,
&
Rosen,
2019)
GMSEX
and
GMREL
p esen ed
high
in e nal
consis ency
eliabili y
coe -
ficien s.
In
ela ion
o
he
IEMSSQ
measu es
(GMSEX,
GMREL,
REW
-
CST,
CLREW -
CLCST,
o al
numbe
o
sexual
ewa ds,
and
o al
numbe
o
sexual
cos s),
hey
we e
co ela ed,
as
p edic ed
by
he
fi s
hypo hesis,
wi h
sexual
sa is ac ion,
sexual
unc ioning,
and
dyadic
adjus men ;
all
co ela ions
we e
posi i e
excep
o
he
o al
numbe
o
sexual
cos s.
As
in
he e osexual
people,
highe
sexual
sa is ac ion
is
asso-
cia ed
wi h
highe
ela ionship
sa is ac ion,
highe
dyadic
adjus men
and
be e
sexual
pe o mance
(Péloquin,
Bye s,
Callaci,
&
T emblay,
2019;
Sánchez-Fuen es
e
al.,
2015;
Ta a es
e
al.,
2019).
Con e sely,
he
equali y
componen s
(EQREW and
EQCST)
we e
no
co ela ed
(o
we e
sca cely
co -
ela ed)
wi h
he
measu es
o
sexual
unc ioning
and
dyadic
adjus men .
These
esul s
a e
consis en
wi h
simila
s ud-
ies
ocused
on
he e osexual
people
(Bye s
&
Macneil,
2006;
Sánchez-Fuen es
&
San os-Iglesias,
2016;
Sánchez-Fuen es
146
C.
Cal illo
e
al.
Table
3
Co ela ions
be ween
he
componen s
o
he
IEMSSQ,
and
be ween
hese
and
ex e nal
a iables
in
gay
men
and
lesbian
women.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
1.
GMSEX
---
.68**
.59**
.58**
.00
.09*
.52**
−.49**
.41**
.34**
.42**
.43**
.29**
.25**
2.
GMREL
.67**
---
.45**
.41**
−.06
.03
.35**
−.35**
.34**
.31**
.61**
.59**
.47**
.31**
3.
REW
-
CST
.52**
.41**
---
.72**
−.01
.22**
.48**
−.50**
.45**
.37**
.42**
.47**
.27**
.21**
4.
CLREW-
CLCST .55**
.42**
.71**
---
-.03
.17**
.42**
−.43**
.36**
.27**
.34**
.38**
.23**
.15**
5.
EQREW .06
.02
.08
−.03
---
.41**
-.06
.01
−.06
−.07
−.08
−.02
−.09*
−.07
6.
EQCST .20**
.12*
.20**
.15**
.45**
---
.06
−.07
−.02
−.03
.05
.11*
.02
−.00
7.
REW
.37**
.26**
.30**
.32**
.03
.08
---
−.69**
.38**
.29**
.41**
.37**
.30**
.27**
8.
CST
−.44**
−.38**
−.46**
−.42**
−.06
−.16**
−.63**
---
−.37**
−.28**
−.36**
−.25**
−.31**
−.28**
9.
Sexual
sa is ac ion
i em
.39**
.20**
.50**
.43**
.07
.10*
.35**
−.37**
---
.67**
.36**
.28**
.27**
.28**
10.
Sexual
unc ioning
.37**
.18**
.37**
.35**
.00
.07
.24**
−.31**
.73**
---
.39**
.34**
.26**
.31**
11.
Dyadic
adjus men
.41**
.61**
.39**
.39**
.04
.15**
.19**
−.34**
.21**
.21**
---
.80**
.83**
.65**
12.
Sa is ac ion
.38**
.58**
.39**
.38**
.07
.16**
.10
−.25**
.16**
.17**
.79**
---
.48**
.33**
13.
Consensus
.31**
.44**
.28**
.29**
.04
.09
.17**
−.28**
.20**
.17**
.81**
.42**
---
.34**
14.
Cohesion
.27**
.40**
.23**
.24**
−.04
.09
.17**
−.25**
.12*
.15**
.72**
.41**
.38**
---
No e.
GMSEX:
Global
Measu e
o
Sexual
Sa is ac ion;
GMREL:
Global
Measu e
o
Rela ionship
Sa is ac ion;
REW
-
CST:
balance
be ween
sexual
ewa ds
and
cos s;
CLREW -
CLCST:
compa a i e
le el
o
sexual
ewa ds
and
cos s;
EQREW:
equali y
o
sexual
ewa ds;
EQCST:
equali y
o
sexual
cos s;
REW:
numbe
o
sexual
ewa ds;
CST:
numbe
o
sexual
cos s.
Abo e
he
diagonal
a e
he
co ela ions
in
men
and
below
he
diagonal
a e
in
women.
*p
<
.05.
** p
<
.01.
Valida ion
o
he
In e pe sonal
Exchange
Model
o
Sexual
Sa is ac ion
Ques ionnai e
in
adul s
wi h
a
same-sex
pa ne
147
Figu e
1
Confi ma o y
Fac o
Analysis
(CFA).
Table
4
Fac o ial
in a iance
acco ding
o
sexual
o ien a ion
and
sex:
gay
men,
lesbian
women,
he e osexual
men
and
he e o-
sexual
women.
Model
RMSEA
90%
CI
RMSEA
CFI
TLI
GFI
RMSR
CMIN/DF
2p
1.
Configu al
.000
.000---.000
1
1
1
.040
0.311
42.399
1
2.
Weak
.023
.009---.032
.995
.995
1
.085
1.231
204.497
.023
3.
S ong
.023
.010---.032
.995
.995
1
.087
1.229
233.672
.017
4.
S ic
.030
.021---.037
.990
.992
.999
.107
1.395
307.073
<.001
No e.
RMSEA:
Roo
Mean
Squa e
E o
o
App oxima ion;
CI:
Confidence
In e al;
CFI:
Compa a i e
Fi
Index;
TLI:
Tucke -Lewis
Index;
GFI:
Goodness
o
Fi
Index;
RMSR:
Roo
Mean
Squa e
Residual;
CMIN/DF:
Chi
Squa e
pe
Deg ee
o
F eedom.
Table
5
Compa ison
o
GMSEX
and
GMREL
be ween
gay
and
he e osexual
men
and
women.
GMSEX
M
SD
Mann-Whi ney
U
(U)
p
Gay
men
30
5.69 124150 .462
He e osexual
men
30.59
4.76
Lesbian
women
31.61
4.68 69950.50 <.001
He e osexual
women
30.31
5.77
GMREL
Gay
men
30.92
5.50 125391
.638
He e osexual
men
30.90
5.23
Lesbian
women
31.99
4.62 71788
.001
He e osexual
women
30.95
5.37
No e.
M:
mean;
SD:
s anda d
de ia ion;
GMSEX:
Global
Measu e
o
Sexual
Sa is ac ion;
GMREL:
Global
Measu e
o
Rela ionship
Sa is ac-
ion.
148
C.
Cal illo
e
al.
Table
6
Means
(M)
and
s anda d
de ia ions
(SD)
o
he
IEMSSQ
measu es
in
gay
men
and
lesbian
women.
Men
(n
=
505)
Women
(n
=
405)
Rank
M
(SD)
M
(SD)
GMSEX
5
o
35
30
(5.69)
31.60
(4.68)
GMREL
5
o
35
30.90
(5.50)
31.99
(4.62)
REW
-
CST
−8
o
+8
3.93
(3.44)
4.55
(3.49)
CLREW-
CLCST −8
o
+8
3.90
(3.49)
4.14
(3.12)
EQREW 0
o
4
2.46
(1.43)
2.40
(1.49)
EQCST 0
o
4 2.87
(1.33) 2.98
(1.32)
REW
0
o
58 43.96
(8.03) 44.14
(7.08)
CST
0
o
58 14.59
(8.89) 12.57
(7.70)
No e.
GMSEX:
Global
Measu e
o
Sexual
Sa is ac ion;
GMREL:
Global
Measu e
o
Rela ionship
Sa is ac ion;
REW
-
CST:
balance
be ween
sexual
ewa ds
and
cos s;
CLREW-
CLCST:
compa a i e
le el
o
sexual
ewa ds
and
cos s;
EQREW:
equali y
o
sexual
ewa ds;
EQCST:
equali y
o
sexual
cos s;
REW:
numbe
o
sexual
ewa ds;
CST:
numbe
o
sexual
cos s.
e
al.,
2015),
which
sugges s
ha
hese
wo
componen s
o
he
IEMSSQ
ha e
li le
o
no
impac
on
sexually
sa -
isfied
people,
as
was
he
case
in
he
p esen
s udy;
he
wo
componen s
may
ha e
a
much
mo e
ele an
ole
in
sexually
unsa isfied
people,
as
poin ed
ou
by
Bye s
and
Macneil
(2006).
Fu he
esea ch
wi h
gay
indi iduals
and
low
sexual
sa is ac ion
should
shed
ligh
on
he
ole
o
hese
wo
componen s
o
equali y.
Only
wo
( o al
num-
be
o
ewa ds
wi h
dyadic
adjus men
and
he
Sa is ac ion
componen
o
dyadic
adjus men )
o
he
90
co ela ions
di -
e ed
significan ly
be ween
gay
men
and
lesbian
women,
especially
among
men.
This
sugges s
ha
he
posi i e
pe -
cep ion
o
sexual
exchanges
(sexual
ewa ds)
in
gay
men
mus
be
high
enough
o
hem
o
eel
sa isfied
wi h
he
ela-
ionship.
Cohen,
Bye s,
and
Walsh
(2008)
epo ed
ha ,
o
gay
men,
ewa ds
we e
mo e
ela ed
o
emo ional
and
ela-
ional
aspec s
han
o
o he
ypes
o
sa is ac ions.
Based
on
his,
one
migh
hink
ha
he
exis ence
o
mo e
benefi s
o
his
ype
would
enhance
he
ela ionship
sa is ac ion
since
acco ding
o
he
In es men
Model,
people
who
a e
e y
sa -
isfied
wi h
he
ela ionship
pe cei e
mo e
benefi s
(Du y
&
Rusbul ,
1986;
Ku dek,
1991;
Ku dek
&
Schmi ,
1986).
In
gene al,
he
esul s
ob ained
in
he
p esen
s udy
coincide
hose
o
o he
p e ious
esea ch
wi h
he e osexual
people
(Law ance
&
Bye s,
1995;
Sánchez-Fuen es
e
al.,
2015),
showing
ha
he
non-sexual
aspec s
o
he
ela ionship
ha e
a
significan
ole
in
sexual
sa is ac ion
and
he
expe ience
o
sexual
exchanges
in
bo h
people
wi h
a
same-sex
pa ne
and
he e osexuals.
On
he
o he
hand,
GMSEX
and
GMREL
we e
shown
o
be
ela ed
cons uc s,
and
hey
we e
in a ian
ega ding
sex-
ual
o ien a ion
and
sex,
hus
confi ming
hypo hesis
2.
The
p esen
s udy
is
he
fi s
o
demons a e
he
possibili y
o
es ablishing
alid
compa isons
be ween
gay
and
he e osex-
ual
people
and
be ween
men
and
women
in
e ms
o
sexual
sa is ac ion
and
ela ionship
sa is ac ion
using
he
GMSEX
and
GMREL
scales,
espec i ely.
Ou
esul s
will
suppo
u u e
compa isons
be ween
sexual
o ien a ions,
as
well
as
be ween
men
and
women
om
bo h
popula ions.
Rega ding
he
compa ison
by
sexual
o ien a ion,
Sánchez-Fuen es
and
Sie a
(2015)
epo ed
he
absence
o
significan
di e ences
in
sexual
sa is ac ion
and
ela ion-
ship
sa is ac ion
be ween
he e osexual
and
gay
adul s;
he
hi d
hypo hesis
was
ocused
on
his
s a emen .
Howe e ,
we
obse ed
his
di e ence
only
among
men,
whe eas
lesbian
women
epo ed
highe
le els
o
sexual
sa is ac ion
and
ela ionship
sa is ac ion
han
he e osexual
women;
he e o e,
hypo hesis
3
could
no
be
ully
confi med.
The
small
numbe
o
lesbian
women
in
he
s udy
by
Sánchez-
Fuen es
and
Sie a
(2015)
could
explain
he
di e ences
wi h
ou
esul s.
The
esul s
ob ained
in
he
p esen
s udy
o
women
we e
also
di e en
om
hose
epo ed
by
Ri e ,
Mo is,
and
Knox
(2018),
who
epo ed
ha
he e osexual
people
exp ess
highe
sexual
sa is ac ion
han
gay
people.
Mo eo e ,
he
assessmen
o
sexual
sa is ac ion
was
ca ied
ou
wi h
an
ad
hoc
ques ion,
which
ules
ou
any
u he
compa ison
be ween
he
s udies.
In
addi ion,
he
cul u al
con ex
is
an
essen ial
elemen
o
any
such
compa ison.
Spain
is
a
coun y
wi h
a
high
accep ance
o
LGBT
mani es-
a ions,
such
as
same-sex
ma iage
(Pew
Resea ch
Cen e ,
2018);
his
openness
could
be
con ibu ing
o
he
social
no maliza ion
o
people
gay,
which
would,
in
u n,
inc ease
he
sel -accep ance
o
gay
people,
dec easing
in e nalized
homophobia
and,
consequen ly,
inc easing
sexual
sa is-
ac ion
(Cal illo
e
al.,
2018).
These
compa a i e
esul s
conce ning
he
ac
ha
lesbian
women
ha e
epo ed
highe
sexual
sa is ac ion
han
he e osexual
women
a e
simila
o
hose
ob ained
by
Coleman,
Hoon,
and
Hoon
(1983).
These
di e ences
could
be
due
o
he
ac
ha
lesbian
women,
as
opposed
o
he e osexual
women,
use
a
g ea e
di e si y
o
sexual
p ac ices
o
achie e
o gasms
(Coleman
e
al.,
1983).
They
could
also
be
because
he
mean
o
he
du a ion
o
he
cu en
ela ionship
be ween
lesbian
women
is
much
lowe
han
he e osexuals;
being
demons a ed
ha
sexual
sa is ac ion
dec eases
as
he
du a ion
o
he
ela ionship
inc eases
(Cas ellanos-To es,
Ál a ez-Da de ,
Ruiz-Mu˜
noz,
&
Pé ez,
2013;
Schmiedebe g
&
Sch öde ,
2016)
In
he
p esen
s udy,
gay
people
epo ed
high
le els
o
sexual
sa is ac ion
and
ela ionship
sa is ac ion,
which
eflec s
esul s
epo ed
by
Sánchez-Fuen es
e
al.
(2015)
in
he e osexuals
and
Sánchez-Fuen es
and
Sie a
(2015)
in
gay
people.
Ou
compa ison
be ween
gay
men
and
les-
bian
women
showed
significan
di e ences
in
bo h
GMSEX
and
GMREL,
wi h
highe
sco es
o
women.
This
obse a-
ion
e idences
highe
sexual
sa is ac ion
and
ela ionship
sa is ac ion
among
lesbian
women
han
among
gay
men,
which
confi ms
hypo hesis
4
and
is
consis en
wi h
Holmbe g